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Sustainable Landscape Design Principles - University … · Sustainable Design is evolving from...
Transcript of Sustainable Landscape Design Principles - University … · Sustainable Design is evolving from...
SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPE DESIGN PRINCIPLES
HISTORICALPERSPECTIVEPERSPECTIVE
RESOURCES DESIGN ON THE GROUND
How did the concept of ‘Sustainable Design’become so popular?p p
Why does it seem as if every Magazine and every Company seemsand every Company seems
to be marketing the idea of ‘Sustainability’
More and more peopleare discovering the benefits to business g
and the environment by joining in
Nevada Appeal Article, Sunday Jan. 29, 2012
In the 1960’s and 70’sIn the 1960 s and 70 s
Concepts likep
� Ecology and Habitat� Biodiversity � Conservation� Composting, Recycling� Urban Garden Ecosytem� G W t� Grey Water
were gaining acceptance;people were comprehending that resources werecomprehending that resources were becoming limited, populations exploding and that the earth had a finite ability to absorb pollutantsfinite ability to absorb pollutants.
The ‘back-to-the earth’ movement t d b b b bsupported by young baby boomers
and scientists (Garrett Hardin’s famous ‘lifeboat theory’) was concerned with human impacts onconcerned with human impacts on the environment and the ability of our planet to sustain life.
Today, such ideas are evolvingdaily and dynamically.
Resources are more limited than ever regulationsthan ever, regulations demand compliance, and cost efficient practices are on the rise.
ResourcesSustainable Design is evolving from Government regulations seeking to protect the quality of our environment by reducing runoff and pollutants through storm and
aste ater managementwastewater management.
This has led to innovative practices such as
� LID Strategies that� LID Strategies that
� Reduce impervious surface� Increase landscape areaIncrease landscape area� Capture, infiltrate and treat run-off� Conserve site soils
and Construction mandates
� BMPs (Best Management Practices)
MAYBE NOT AN ‘EXPERT’…BUT BE A WISE ‘DECISION MAKER’!BUT BE A WISE DECISION MAKER !
Local Resource AgenciesNatural Resources Conservation ServiceNatural Resources Conservation ServiceUNR Cooperative ExtensionNevada Division of Forestry
Partner with Local Professionals
Structural Controls Manual: http://www.reno.gov/Index.aspx?page=1007
Partner with Local Professionals
Local Web Design Resources
Low Impact Development Manual: http://www.reno.gov/Index.aspx?page=1965
BMP Field Guide: http://www reno gov/Index aspx?page=1923BMP Field Guide: http://www.reno.gov/Index.aspx?page 1923
Design Guidance Worksheets: http://www.reno.gov/Index.aspx?page=1190
NEMO W b it htt // d / / it / /lid/NEMO Website: http://www.unce.unr.edu/programs/sites/nemo/lid/
REGULATIONS, PERMIT REQUIREMENTS andREGULATIONS, PERMIT REQUIREMENTS andENFORCEMENT
has some benefits!
� Heightened Public Awareness and Expectations� Heightened Public Awareness and Expectations
� Scientific and Technological Design Improvements
� Commercial Opportunities and Access to Products
� Increased Ethical and Professional Responsibility
� New Standards for Practice in the Marketplace� New Standards for Practice in the Marketplace
Sustainable Sites Initiative (SITES)
� Modeled after the LEED rating system for buildings
� Rates 9 areas
Site SelectionPre-Design Assessment Waterand Planning
Soil and Vegetation MaterialsHuman Health
and Well gBeing
Construction MaintenanceMonitoring/I i
� Applies them to all types of landscape design projects,
Innovation
� Applies them to all types of landscape design projects, with or without buildings
A sustainable landscape (according to SITES) should be designed to be both attractive and in balance with the localdesigned to be both attractive and in balance with the local
climate and environment.
D i h ld bDesigns should be� Functional� Cost-efficient� Visually pleasing� Environmentally friendly� Minimal resource input� Maintainable
Some of the Solutions available to us right now are
Reduction of Storm Water Runoff through bio-swales
Reduction of Water Use through xeriscaping
Bio-filtering of Wastes through constructed wetlands
Integrated Pest Management Techniques
Energy efficient landscape design in the form of proper placement of shade trees and wind breaks
Replenish groundwater and control runoff with permeable paverswith permeable pavers
Efficient Irrigation or use of gray water
Preserving and enhancing wildlife habitat
Use of sustainably harvested wood or yother composite products in deck or other landscape construction
Soil Management techniques to maintain a healthy soil
Using renewable energy sources such as g gysolar powered lighting
Recycling of products to make other materials
Post Construction Goals of Sustainability
Reduced Water Use
Lower Utility BillUse Bills
Reduced Urban Heat Island
Eff t
Cleaner Air, WaterRestored
Effect
WaterRestored Habitats
Reduced CarbonEmissions
Lower Maintenance
CostsCosts
DesignL d P f i l ft i dLandscape Professionals are often viewed as ‘caretakers of the earth’.
O l i l d d t di d b l i diOur role includes understanding and balancing diverse elements.
H N d d D iHuman Needs and DesiresAestheticsSoilsPlantsA i l H bit tAnimal HabitatPest and DiseasesErosion ProcessesHydrologyN t i tNutrientsClimate Engineering PracticesArchitectural IntentR l t E i tRegulatory Environment
Design is a CollaborationDesign is a Collaboration
Smart Design +
Qualified Contractors +
Well Maintained Product =
No one person defines success
Teamwork is EssentialContractorsLandscape ContractorsLandscape ContractorsGeneral ContractorsMasonsSubcontractorsMaterial SuppliersMaintenance Crews
DesignersL d A hit tLandscape ArchitectsArchitectsEngineersContractorsContractorsResource Specialists
Related Professionals such as
ArboristsHorticulturalistsNurserymenWetlands ExpertsNative Seed VendorsErosion Control SpecialistsMulch SuppliersMulch SuppliersSoil Laboratories
And, Your ClientCity
State
Private Developer
County
Private Developer
AgencyAgency
SchoolsHomeowner
SO, MAYBE NOT AN EXPERT…BUT A PRAGMATIC THINKER!BUT A PRAGMATIC THINKER!
Design doesn’t start at the desk or the computer it starts byDesign doesn t start at the desk or the computer, it starts by
� Getting Informed� Site Evaluation (observe photograph take measurements)� Site Evaluation (observe, photograph, take measurements)� Talk with your Client, Team members� Obtain relevant history, background data� Find out what regulations/permits are applicable� Find out what regulations/permits are applicable
� Establishing clear Goals� Set standards for the design� Set standards for the design� Understand the constraints and benefits of the site� Think about the consequences of action
� Now Conceptual Design can begin
First Attemptp
Nice Try Getting It
EVOLUTION OF A DESIGN
BRIDGEPORT, CA
DESIGN ALTERNATIVES
THE END GOALS INCLUDE
ATTRACTIVE, USEFUL, IN CONTEXT, SAFE AND SUSTAINABLE
Next steps can be repetitive
� Present to your Client Stakeholders Customer� Present to your Client, Stakeholders, Customer� Can you justify your proposals� Are there workable alternatives� Are there cost / benefit tradeoffs involved� Are there cost / benefit tradeoffs involved
� Refine, Redo, Revise, Re-cost, Re-evaluate� Did everyone’s comments get incorporated� Is there a suitable compromise� Can the Client afford it
� Keep working towards a plan that is the best synthesis of� Intent� Ideas� Discourse� Client satisfaction� Environmental care� Public acceptance
On The Ground
A feature of Sustainability is making ‘sensible space of g pthe landscape’
� A house has every room� A house has every roomprogrammed
U l t $� Useless space costs $
� Useable space providesp pvalue beyond input costs
LAWN = BLANK SLATE ORPURPOSEFUL?
A feature of Sustainability is acknowledging the
environment, design context
� Nevada is closer to Araband African landscapes than pastoralthan pastoral
� Gas-powered landscapesare a source of pollution
� Sustainable designs should
High Desert Ecology and Climate
� Sustainable designs shouldnot require a constantmaintenance approach
FRONT YARDS = CHALLENGE!
Sustainable design can andSustainable design can andshould be aestheticallypleasing
BEFORE
EXAMPLE 1
AFTERAFTER
SEPTIC MOUNDS
ENHANCING THE VIEW
DEFINING USES DRAINAGE
BEFORE
AFTER
EXAMPLE 2
WHERE IS THE FRONT DOOR?
LOTS OF LAWN AND GRAVEL
CONSTRUCTION
Sustainable design requiresSustainable design requiresthoughtful installation andmaintenance practices
When the sprinkler keeps getting broken, is location the problem?
Noticingirregularities
Does every plant deservethe same haircut?
EXAMPLE 3
Sprinklerefficiency
Organize
Seeded Sodded
RECAP
THINK ABOUT THE PARTS AND THE WHOLE
PROTECT AND ENHANCE RESOURCESPROTECT AND ENHANCE RESOURCES
BE A WISE DECISION MAKER
WORK CONSCIENTIOUSLYWORK CONSCIENTIOUSLY
CREATE SOMETHINGCREATE SOMETHING SUSTAINABLE, LASTING
AND BEAUTIFUL