‘Evolving demand for food crops research for sustainable intensification of agriculture’
Sustainable Intensification Integration of crops and Livestock: Context and future perspectives
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Transcript of Sustainable Intensification Integration of crops and Livestock: Context and future perspectives
Integrated Crop-Livestock Farming Systems
Sustainable IntensificationIntegration of Crops and Livestock:
Context and future perspectives
Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho, Caterina Batello
& Eric Kueneman
New Challenges for Agriculture
• Huge global demands for food, feed, fiber and fuels
• Global soaring food prices crisis is part of the symptomology of neglected agriculture
• Addressing climate change adaptation and mitigation
Production Increases through Good Farming Practices
• The new production technologies must address:– Productivity– Environmental Care and Ecosystem Services– Social Issues and Concerns– Food Safety– Economic viability
Renewed pasture after crop phase
Pasture degradation (high stocking rate x no fertilization)
Central Brazil: ICLS to renew pastures in degradation and
produce biomass for no-tilled systems
The effects of grazing in no-tillage systems: is grazing deleterious?
11,4 kg 3,0 kg 0,6 kg 0,6 kg 6,0 kg 0,6 kg
N P K S Ca Mg
Nutrient extraction by a 450 kg beef cattle (Ball et al. (1991)
Grazing animals
recycle most of the
nutrients
How animals should be managed in these systems?
High grazing intensityHigh grazing intensity Moderate grazing intensityModerate grazing intensity
Low grazing intensityLow grazing intensity Very low grazing intensityVery low grazing intensity
Swards maintained at Swards maintained at 10 cm10 cm heightheight Swards maintained at Swards maintained at 20 cm20 cm heightheight
Swards maintained at Swards maintained at 40 cm40 cm heightheightSwards maintained at Swards maintained at 30 cm30 cm heightheight
Rotation scheme of 5 years (2.5 years Agriculture & 2.5 Liv.)
Esquema de rotação Ano 1 Ano 2 Ano 3 Ano 4 Ano 5 Ano 6
Verão Milho+Braq. Pasto Pasto Soja Arroz Milho+Braq. Inverno Pasto Pasto Pasto Sorgo Pastejo Sorgo Pastejo Pasto
Esquema de ocupação da área do PILP Ano 1
PastoPasto
PastoSoja
Arroz
M ilho + Braq.
Verão
50 % Lavoura
50 % Pecuária
PastoPasto
Pasto
Sorgo Pastejo Sorgo
Pastejo
Pasto
Inverno
100% Pecuária
Esquema de ocupação da área do PILP Ano 2
PastoPasto
SojaArroz M ilho+Br
aq
Pato
Verão
50% Pecuária
50 % Lavoura
PastoPasto
Sorgo Pastejo
Sorgo Pastejo
Pasto
Pato
Inverno
100% Pecuária
Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, 2004
Infiltration speedInfiltration speed
020406080
100120140160180
Very high Moderate Low Very low
Grazing Intensity
mm
of w
ater
infil
trat
ed/h
a
An established pasture (no cost!)
50 days latter
12 years: soybean & italian ryegrass in succession
SERVICE DELIVERY OF AGRICULTURE FOR SERVICE DELIVERY OF AGRICULTURE FOR LIVESTOCKLIVESTOCK
D.L. Broch D.L. Broch –– FMS, 2005FMS, 2005
Fertilization supply
Land value enhancement
Fast return from the investment
D. L. Broch D. L. Broch –– FMS, 2005FMS, 2005
Improve Cash Flow
Restoration of soil physical qualities
Soil cover that can allow no-tillage
Pest and weed control
Enhancement of grain and beef production
SERVICE DELIVERY OF LIVESTOCK FOR SERVICE DELIVERY OF LIVESTOCK FOR AGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE
FAO Facilitation
• Monitoring innovations and constraints in agriculture and food systems globally
• Awareness raising for better strategies and policies
• Networking and coalition building
• Information flow, and knowledge management
PROJECTS AND NORMATIVE WORK++
• Development of field activities for pilot-testing cropping systems and integration of crop and livestock production in selected ecologies
• Support to FAO member countries for the development of policies and agreements related to best agricultural practices
Integrated production systems in West Africa (oncho-freed ecosystems) (RAF)
Better agriculture in Latin America
contributes to global food securityGracias
ObrigadoThank you