Sustainable Design and ConstructionNov2013-UNIMAS

8/13/2019 Sustainable Design and ConstructionNov2013-UNIMAS

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/sustainable-design-and-constructionnov2013-unimas 1/29

1

Sustainable

Design andConstruction

Grand Rapids Art Museum, MichiganSome challenging canopy detailing…

Marcus LeeProfessor, Dept of Civil & Construction Engineering

Curtin University Sarawak, Malaysia



2

Spinnaker Observation Tower,

Portsmouth, England



Basic Concepts:

Sustainability – definitions and main factors

Sustainable construction – main strategy in theUK

Sustainability in perspective

Embodied energy and operational energy

Life cycle analysis

Minimising waste

A case study3

Sustainable Design and Construction



Definition of Sustainability:

The need to ensure that developmentmeets the needs of the present withoutcompromising the ability of futuregenerations to meet their own needs

Brundtland Report of the World Commissionon Environment & Development, Our

Common future, 19874

Sustainable Design and Construction



To achieve sustainable buildings, towns andcities, it is necessary to get a balance betweenvarious factors.

Question:

Can you guess what these factors might be?

5

Question on ‘What influence sustainability?’



This diagram shows the relationship between the‘triple bottom line’ factors that underpin sustainability

6

Factors Influencing Sustainability

For sustainability, weshould aim to achieve abalance betweenenvironmental

protection, commercialgrowth, and the needsof people.



The ways in which we design, construction

and use buildings should be carried out withthe triple factors in mind.

To have sustainable construction, we musttry to minimise the environmental, socialand economic impact from the constructionduring their life time.

7

What is Sustainable Construction?



8

Consider this underground station..

How does it help to achievethe goal of sustainability?

a. Public transport reducesair pollution(environmental)

b. Public transport reducestraffic congestion

(economic)c. Public transport allows a

pleasant way to travelreducing stress

(social)



The UK government has developed a strategy for sustainable

construction, which includes the following 10 ‘action points’for construction companies to follow:

Re-use existing built assets

Design for minimum waste

Aim for lean construction Minimise energy in construction

Minimise energy in use

Do not pollute

Preserve and enhance biodiversity Conserve water resources

Respect people and their local environment

Set targets (to measure and improve the above)

9

What is Sustainable Construction?



10

Example of Sustainable Construction

University of East London campus(use of brownfield site)

Wynford House refurbishment,Islington, London



The impacts of different activities on the environmentdepends on their effects on global warming, ozone depletionand resource depletion.

11

Sustainability Impacts in Perspective

Question:Can you rank theseactivities in termsof their impact on

the environment,starting with theleast damagingfirst?



The impacts of different activities on the environmentdepends on their effects on global warming, ozone depletionand resource depletion.

12

Sustainability Impacts in Perspective



The impacts from buildings consist of two parts:

a) Embodied energy – energy contained within all parts of thatbuilding; energy used in extraction, manufacture, transport,construction, maintenance and demolition of each elements,

including substructure, superstructure, cladding, and services.

b) Operational energy – energy required to ‘run’ the building over itslife time: heating, cooling and lighting and services such as lifts.

Question:What is the typical value for the ratio of

Operational Energy : Embodied energy?

Is it a) 1:2 ; b) 1:4 ; c) 3:1 ; d) 5:1 ?

13

Embodied Energy and OperationalEnergy



14

Embodied Energy and OperationalEnergy

Operational Energy :Embodied energy

3:1



15

Ways of reducing Embodied Energyand Operational Energy



16




17




A range of approximate embodied energy

values for common building materials:

18

Embodied Energy in Materials



19

Stay awake!!



LCA – a method of assessing the environmental impact of abuilding over its projected lifetime in relations to a numberof indicators, such as embodied energy, carbon dioxide anddust emission.

LCA makes a list of these values from extraction of raw

materials to construction, occupation and re-use.20

Life-cycle Analysis (LCA)



Construction is one of the biggest generatorsof waste.

In the UK, nearly 20% (about 70 m tonnes) ofwaste comes from construction anddemolition.

In addition to unwanted materials – there areemission from vehicles, noise and othercontaminants to atmosphere, ground andwater.

21

Waste Management



Examples of ‘lean construction’ to minimise

waste, on and off site:

Well considered connection details

Use of efficient prestressed construction

Use of precast concrete manufactured off-site

Proper and secure storage of minimummaterials on site

Avoid landfill by using excavated materialelsewhere on site or other sites

22

Lean Constructionto minimise Waste



Sustainability – ensuring the needs of the present are metwithout compromising the ability of future generation to meettheir own needs.

Sustainable construction – the needs for better use of

resources, make process more efficient, eliminate pollution andbetter consider the needs of local people.

Embodied energy – energy contained within the materials in abuilding, associated with manufacture, delivery andconstruction.

Operational energy – energy used in a building over its lifetime,including heating, cooling and lighting. This has a much greaterimpact on the environment

Waste management – vital in achieving sustainable

construction. 23

Summary



25

Case Study: Toyota HQ, Epsom, SurreyThe architectural concept is based on 4

office wings radiating from a glazedrotunda housing all circulation andmeeting facilities

A hybrid of exposed pre-cast and hiddenin-situ r.c. was chosen for the buildingframe, for its visually striking appearance,

energy efficiency and flexibility.



26

Case Study: Toyota HQ, Epsom, SurreyEnergy efficient• All the precast units were cast

in fibreglass lined moulds,giving a quality finish andeliminating the need for

painting.• The floor panels had fully

integrated services in pre-formed slots and holes for ductsand conduits.

• The exposed structural soffitsuse the thermal mass ofconcrete for fabric energystorage, lowering the heat load

requirement.



27

Case Study: Toyota HQ, Epsom, SurreyDesign and Construction• During the design process the design

was continually modified toaccommodate lighting, ducts andbuildability. This attention to details

avoided problems on site.• Use of precast units ensured the

frame to be manufactured in quality-controlled factory conditions off site.

• Construction logistics allow the ten-tonne floor units delivered to site tobe immediately lifted directly intoplace, avoiding storage and doublehandling.



1. What are the three key aspects ofsustainability?

2. Which of these activities has the highest

impact?a. Construction of buildings

b. Society’s activities including car travel

c. Refurbishment

3. What is the approximate embodied energy(GJ) of in a tonne of reinforced concrete?

28

Final Quiz

Answers:

1. Environment, Economic & Social; 2. Society’s activities; 3. 0.9 GJ



29

Thank you for your attention

Sustainable Design and ConstructionNov2013-UNIMAS

Documents

Transcript of Sustainable Design and ConstructionNov2013-UNIMAS