Sustainable Construction 2012summer

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w w w . S u s t a i n a b l e C o n s t r u c t i o n . c o m

SUMMER 2012

E isio TM I r str t reR ti S stem

PagE 17

SuSTaInabIlITy and lEEdThe co tr ctor is i

the rivers se t PagE 9

W rm Mix asph t T kes F i ht t

OH re I ter tioPagE 21

Re i or Proft D v fy g y g g

v f PagE 5

Best Practices to HelPcontractors Build More sustainaBly

gEOTHERMal EnERgyEQualS cOST SavIngSGrounD source heat pumps utilize the earth to heatanD cool commercial construction projectsPagE 12


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2 Sustainable Construction S u m m e r 2 0 1 2

Contents21

5

179

12

3 co e t with

4 Editors note

5 Re li or Proft Diversifying into recycling is a growthmove for three contractors.

9 co tr tors Role i S st i ilitSustainability and LEED The contractoris in the drivers seat.

12 geotherm l E erEq ls cost S i sGround source heat pumps utilize the earth toheat and cool commercial construction projects.

17 E isio

I r str t re R ti S stemNew rating system addresses nationscrumbling infrastructure.

20 Prod t Spotli ht

21 W rm Mix asph lt T kes Fli ht t OH re I ter tio l

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3 Sustainable Construction S p r i n g 2 0 1 2

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w w w. S u s t a i n a b l e C o n s t r u c t i o n . c o m

BestPracticesto HelP

contractorsBuildMoresustainaBly

Spring 2012

Waste to energy Caterpillarand the City of griffinpartnerWith georgiaContraCtorto turnWood Waste into arevenue streampage 13

Lea mo eaboutA o ts go g ee

p 20

+

porous Warmmixasphalt

page 9

produCtspotlight

page 19

greenroof harmonizeshistoriCChurCh designed by frank lloyd Wrightpage 5

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What is sustainability?

e d i T O r S

n O T e


W hile putting together this issue, Icontinually ran across re erences to thewords Triple Bottom Line . Now thisisnt surprising considering the ocus o our magazine isassisting you with your sustainable construction e orts.However, a ter the continual re erence to these exact wordsTriple Bottom Line I took this as a sign to revisit thetrue meaning o sustainability.

Sustainability and going green are used synony-

mously today, but they have very di erent meanings.The green movement (and going green) ocuses onenvironmental awareness and how to reduce carbon

ootprint. Sustainability does include an element o environmental impact, but it is also so much more.

Building sustainably means enabling economic growththrough in rastructure development that uses naturalresources e fciently, minimizes environmental impactand enhances the quality o li e or individuals andcommunities. (Re er to the interactive diagram at right.)

This means leveraging resources, including technologyand innovation, to:

Minimize the use o energy, materials, waterand land

Promote and protect individual sa ety andwell-being

Provide employment, education and trainingon sustainability

Maximize recycling Minimize emissions Optimize the use o renewable resourcesSustainability doesnt ocus on one element

(environmental, society and the economy); rather itincludes ALL these elements ... or a truly balanced TripleBottom Line.

Check out the contractors and companies eatured inthis issue. They are excellent representations o companiesthat not only embrace, but also practice, sustainability.

By tara ni ma

TwitterEmail Facebook

Is your company sustainable? Do you have asustainable story to share? Reach out and email meor message me on Twitter or Facebook I lookforward to hearing from you.

Sustainability is morethan just another greenterm reminding you of yourenvironmental responsibilities.

Jobs, Prosperity

Wealth, Creation

SocialEquity

SustainableEconomy

SustainableDevelopment

LocalEnvironment

Social Inclusion,Comunities

NaturalEnvironment,

Resources

E C O N O M Y

S O C I E T

Y

E N V I R O N

M E N

T A L

scroll over icon

to read more about each element of theTriple Bottom Line


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F or more than our decades, Charles Copley Roofng has been serving customers inthe Crystal Lake, Illinois, area as a roofngcontractor and materials supplier. Owner CharlesCopley Sr.s philosophy has always been to expandinto new and di erent markets. The latest exampleo that growth strategy, a oray into shingle grindingand recycling using a Morbark 2600 Horizontal Grinder,is still in its ormative stages. However, the company isalready seeing a good deal o potential, an increased levelo interest in the end product created and a uture thatpromises urther growth.

Nationwide, millions o tons o waste asphalt shinglesare generated each year. As one o McHenry Countyslarger roofng companies, Copley generates its shareo that total as well as other debris rom its ownprojects. For years, the company was orced to landfllthe waste material at its own expense. According toCopley, doing so was not only costly, but it seemedcounterproductive.

There was a point that we were sending as many asfve roll-o s per week to the landfll and paying roughly$400 per roll-o , he says. Although that was a largeexpense, at the time we had the luxury o utilizing alandfll about 10 minutes rom our o fce. Today, allowing

or tra fc, a trip to the landfll is an hour and a hal eachway. That means we have a driver tied up or three hours;we are putting three hours o wear and tear on a truck;and we are burning three hours worth o uel.

Faced with these costs and hounded by a sense thatthere had to be a better way Copley decided to regroupand take matters into his own hands. He started withresearch into di erent ways to process the material hewas collecting.

I looked at every possible grinder and shredder onthe market, he says. I quickly learned that almostany material made today can be reduced in size ora price. But I didnt need a million-dollar machine thatcould reduce a car engine to scrap. I needed an a ordablemachine that could downsize wood and shingles, waseasy to operate and wouldnt have maintenance issues.

F e a T u r e


REcyclIngFOR PROFIT

cHaRlES cOPlEy ROOFIng: P rt of bi er Pi ture

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DiversiFyinG into recyclinG

is a GroWth move For these

three contractors.

R ecycling continues to gaintraction among contractors as away to diversi y business andsecure proft potential. In todays world,there are viable markets or recycledproducts ranging rom asphalt toconcrete to wood. The trick is to identi ypotential revenue streams and calculatethe costs o the equipment and laborrequired to turn the waste stream intoa sellable product. Contractors mustcare ully weigh the risk vs. rewards,and many have already proven thatmaterials once headed to the landfllcan actually be converted into proftableproducts that are more environmentallysensible.

charles copley rooFinG

Demo plus/earth First

zWicky processinG anD recyclinG

1

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Cha les Copley roofngs mo ba k g indep ocesses ate ial down to a 1 -inch p oduct.

Business today is so competitivethat a company has to do everythingit can to operate e fciently.

Cha l s Copl y S ., Own

read o e of this story by clickling on each icon

mo e


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F e a T u r e


n ashville, Tennessee-based Demo Plus wasnamed 2009 subcontractor o the year orprojects under $250,000 by the Associated

General Contractors (AGC). The company provides aturnkey approach that includes assessment, abatement,demolition and recycling o a project rom a singlesource. Up to 85% o the debris rom its demolition sitesis salvaged. The company recycles and cleans old brickto reuse in construction as well as salvaging errous andnon errous metals, wood, ACT (acoustic ceiling tiles) andeven carpet.

Our business involves architectural, structuraldemolition and abatement, says Steve Cline, owner. Wealso per orm environmental consulting, which starts earlyin a project. Once the material is identi ed, we handle theasbestos and lead-based paint removal as needed prior tothe demolition project. To top it o we are able to per ormwaste hauling and recycling without the need o multiplesubs. We are a ull-stream process.

Demo Plus was already trying to salvage as many o the recycled items as it could rom its demolition projects be ore debris was hauled to the land ll. This led to thedevelopment o a waste hauling container service aswell as our C&D recycling acility, Earth First C&DRecycling , says Cline.

Creating a recycling business urther extended the one-stop shop approach. We have one sorting acility today,and we are in the middle o building a second acility,says Cline. The company made an investment in roll-o containers to help acilitate a steady fow o C&D debris.

We run 170 roll-o containers with our own feet o roll-o trucks.

Contractors can pay Earth First to collect theirconstruction and demolition debris with their roll-o container service. In exchange they can earn valuableLEED points or their projects.

Recycling does have costs associated with it, saysCline. You do pay similar to a land ll rate, but instead o compacting the waste in a land ll, the process is recyclingthe material. As long as you can be competitive, does itreally make sense to land ll versus being able to recycleand reuse in todays world?

Currently the most pro table demolition debris ismetal. Everybody is always a ter metals, says Cline.Cardboard is probably second. But he has ound manyother revenue streams or recycled material and is alwayslooking or more. We sell wood to a bio uel acility that burns it as boiler uel or to another company that makescolored mulch out o it.

The company even recycles old bricks. These bricksare taken to an o -site acility to be cleaned, stackedand palletized. It is all done by hand, says Cline. It isvery labor intensive to take bricks and literally knock themortar o them. One employee should be able to shuck2,000 to 3,000 bricks a day.

Cline declined to comment on a ew other productsunder development, but he acknowledges that there will be other revenue streams in the near uture. I would loveto take zero to the land ll, but I know that is impossible.

When setting up a recycling operation, you must

realize that there is no such thing as a one-size- ts-allapproach. To be success ul you really need to studyand understand your local markets to determine whichproducts will be easier to sell in those markets.

For instance, Nashville is in the heart o one o theaggregate capitals o the world. Every place you turnaround there are quarries. This would make it verydi cult to sell crushed concrete as aggregate. Everymarket is di erent. Just because you do it in one marketdoesnt mean it is easible in another market.

dEMO PluS/EaRTH FIRST:a One-Stop Shop

earth First sorts mat rial in th initial stag s ofits r cycling fforts.

d mo plus x an into a on -sto sho forass ssm nt, abat m nt, molition an r cycling.

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R obesonia, Pennyslvania-based W.D. Zwicky& Son, Inc. began in the excavating businessmore than 30 years ago. The company has now

transitioned into land clearing and demolition work,with an emphasis on its recycling operations Zwicky Processing and Recycling Inc.

a GooD neiGhBor

Time spent with owner, Dave Zwicky, reveals analtruism that is refected in his business and his personalli e. A glittering windmill on Zwickys property not only blends in with nearby Amish armsteads, but it alsopumps water at a pond used or both an emergencysupply o water and as a retention pond. At hisRobesonia site, as well as his expansion site several milesaway, Zwicky is scrupulous to minimize the operationsimpact on the environment.

No runo leaves the property, he stresses. All theruno is recycled back into the operation and all thenoise is contained, too.

In the early 1980s we started recycling, recallsZwicky. That grew as a spin-o rom the excavating business. As land became more valuable, owners didntwant stumps buried on the jobsite, so we began takingthe stumps home to our arm. Our rst recycling activitywas grinding tree stumps.

The stumps were processed into mulch. First thecompany began working with an outside vendor totrans orm the ground stumps into mulch, but eventuallyZwicky ground his own mulch. This required aninvestment in capable grinders.

Our rst equipment was rom Morbark a stumpwaste recycler, recalls Zwicky. But processing stumpswith modi ed excavating equipment was hard work(think manhole covers and ence posts attempting totravel through equipment), and when Zwicky saw anadvertisement or a new Morbark grinder, he traveledto the company to see the machine in action. The rest, asthey say, is history.

Zwicky has been working with Morbark ever since.He has even worked with the company to design aspecial Morbark machine or C&D recycling. Thisgrinder was the result o close collaboration betweenZwicky and Morbark and was released at ConExpo.

orGanic recyclinG For proFit

Today Zwicky owns a mobile Morbark feet thatincludes 22 grinders a combination o slow speeds,tubs and horizontals. We have a screening plant anda lot o magnets. All together we have 122 pieces o motorized equipment i you count our trucks, grinders, bulldozers, ront-end loaders, excavators, wheel loadersand screens, he notes.

Much o this equipment is used to care ully managestockpiles on the companys three sites. The largest o these sites is 140 acres, with an additional 45-acre siteand a 25-acre site.

Dave Zwicky is a passionate advocate o recycling.He and his company strive to produce consistently high-quality organic products or their customers who wishto recycle 100% o their organic waste. These customersinclude land clearing and recycling accounts such ashigh-tech site remediation and recovery projects, land llmining jobs and custom grinding contracts with areacolleges, universities, municipalities, military bases, gol courses and cemeteries.

ZWIcKy PROcESSIng and REcyclIng:a busi ess Tr sform tio

F e a T u r e


We eel good about divertingit rom a landfll, but it is also acommodity or us.dav Zwicky, Own

Zwicky p ocessing and recycling has wo kedwith mo ba k to ensu e the equi ent eets itss ecifc needs. This mo ba k sh edde is a t o a

ocessing line.

neW proDucts aBounD

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r d of this story by clickling on the icon


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Sele ti Shi le gri er

PROducT ROunduP

a sphalt shingle recycling is a growing market, which makes getting into this business veryattractive to asphalt contractors and producers. Asphalt shingle waste continues to be one of themost valuable materials in the waste stream, and many want to take advantage of this new greenpaving technology.

So, where to begin when selecting a shingle grinder for your operation? Murray McIntyre, a regionalsales manager with Rotochopper, answers three critical questions during an interview with Lisa Cleaver,editor of Asphalt Contractor.

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cli k on the imageto read more about each product


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Sustainabi ityan lEEdThe contractor isin the rivers seat

By Jeslin Varghese,Green Building

Research Institute (GBRI)

Part 1: SuStainability and lEEd thE contractor iS in thE drivErS SEatPart ii: contractorS rolE during PrEdESign and dESign PhaSE

Part iii: contractorS rolE during conStruction PhaSEPart iv: contractorS rolE during conStruction cloSEout

T here are high-per ormance cars, high-per ormance athletes, high-per ormance organizations and high per ormance students. So itshould not be any surprise that there are now high-per ormance building projects, and the race is on to cra t environmentally sound buildings,neighborhoods, feets, landscapes and a variety o other projects usingsustainable design, construction and operational practices.

Sustainable projects are rapidly growing in number. In act, the sustainable building market now accounts or more than one-third o the commercialconstruction market and is predicted to grow to more than hal o the marketwithin ve years according to the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC).

sustainaBility, leeD anD contractors

It is the contractor who is in the drivers seat during all phases o sustainableconstruction projects, including predesign and design, construction and

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closeout. The contractor is involved be ore the racestarts and continues driving sustainability throughto operational training.

Though the word sustainability is tossedabout like a fag waving at a nish line, it hasspeci c meaning in the built environment. (SeeSustainability What does it really mean?)Contractors that play a role in design andconstruction o LEED projects need to understandthe di erences that de ne a sustainable project

rom one that is not. This understanding infuencesproject decision makers, and the contractoris one o the principal players. Incorporatingsustainability principles in practical applicationsis a major undertaking given the many buildingcomponents, environmental considerationsand changing technologies. LEED serves as a

ramework and benchmarking program ora project li e cycle that includes designing,constructing and monitoring/operating projectsthat incorporate the six sustainability principles.(See Sustainability What does it really mean?)

leeD certiFication

The minimum goal o LEED is to design, constructand operate new and existing projects to consumeless energy, water and resources; produce lesswaste; provide a healthier environment oroccupants and visitors; and reduce the projectsimpact on the environment during its li e cycle.The certi cation process uses a 100-point systemand evaluates each requirement within eachcategory o prerequisites and credits. There are

our certi cation levels: Certi ed (40-49 points),Silver (50-59 points), Gold (60-79 points), Platinum(80 or more points). It is also possible to earn bonus points in Innovation in Design and RegionalPriority. The steps to certi cation include the

ollowing: Choosing a rating system; Registering the project with Green Building

Certi cation Institute (GBCI); Completing and submitting an application

(LEED provides or two stages o document submittals which are Design andConstruction. Projects also have an option tosubmit all documentation a ter constructioncloseout);

GBCI reviewing application; and LEED awarding certi cation.Be ore a building will be rated on degree o

compliance, it must rst pass the prerequisite

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SuSTaInabIlITy WHaT dOES IT REally MEan?

Sustainability includes six core principles for newor existing buildings that can be retrofitted:

Optimize Site/Existing Structure Potential Optimize sustainability through decisionson location and orientation, landscapingand physical security.

Optimize Energy Use Reduce energyload, increase energy efficiency. Utilizerenewable energy resources in federalbuildings as a minimum and in commercialstructures whenever possible.

Protect and Conserve Water Efficientuse of water and incorporating recyclingwhen feasible.

Use Environmentally Preferable Products Choose materials that have least harmfulimpact on the environment and humanhealth.

Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality Maximize use of natural light, install qualityventilation and filtration systems, controlmoisture, and select materials that do notproduce harmful emissions like VOCs.

Optimize Operational and MaintenancePractices Design and build structuresthat ensure ongoing sustainability afteroccupancy and track status and progressthrough metering systems.

Source: ASTM E2432-11 Standard Guide General Principles of Sustainability Relative to Buildings, Vol. 4:12 (2011). West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.

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requirements. Extensive documentation is required based on the rating system chosen.

the importance oF the contractors

role on leeD projects

The contractors role on any project is critical,especially or sustainable design. LEEDaccredited pro essionals (APs) include generalcontractors, architects, engineers and other projectstakeholders.

The LEED AP general contractor orConstruction Manager (CM) or the project willparticipate on the project team o pro essionals toset the environmental target or LEED certifcationlevel and assist with value engineering o thedesign and construction o the project.

In initial meetings, the project contractor shouldparticipate in discussions o certifcation targetsand the LEED credits that are being considered,and o er input on the easibility and expenseassociated with these targets based on priorexperience. This will allow designers to take thesecomments and considerations into account romthe earliest design phases, reducing the need orredesign later on. Participating in these meetingswill also allow the contractor to ensure that histeam is adequately prepared to complete the

project in accordance with LEED requirements andany other initiatives that the project owner maywant to implement.

Some LEED credits may require additionaltraining or team members or di erent proceduresto be ollowed on site, and understanding theserequirements rom the start will help a contractorto streamline their training and work moree fciently. The contractor s central role in LEEDprojects endures through all project phases,including pre-design and design, construction andcloseout.

revvinG up the hiGh-perFormance

BuilDinG project

It is clear that the LEED certifcation process isdetailed, thorough and important to the utureo green building. LEED 2009 is in the processo being updated to LEED 2012 and someproposed changes have already made it throughthree comment periods, so they are likely to beapproved during voting.

Ultimately, a LEED project is designed to protectthe environment and occupants rom harm tothe greatest extent possible. Sustainability is anissue that will become even more important as thepopulation grows and more pressure is placed onthe environment. High-per ormance projects are ina race to become more environmentally riendly,and the winners will see substantial rewards interms o energy savings and increased lease andsale prices or certifed projects.

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What is lEEd?

What is next for lEEd?


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geotherm Ener yEq s cost S vin sGrounD source heat pumps utilize the

earth to economically heat anD cool

commercial construction projects.

By Tara Ninmann

Heat rom inside the earthcan be used as an e fcientenergy source to heatand cool commercial propertiesthrough ground source heatpumps (GSHPs). These pumpsare electrically powered systemsthat tap the earths stored energy.They use the earths relativelyconstant temperature to provideheating, cooling and hot water orcommercial buildings.

Ground source heat pumpscan be categorized as havingclosed or open loops, and thoseloops can be installed in threeways: horizontally, vertically orin a pond/lake. (See Types o Geothermal Loops on Page 13.)

As a part o a geothermalheating/cooling system, GSHPswork on a di erent principle

than an ordinary urnace/air-conditioning systems. Furnacesin a typical heating system createheat by burning a uel (typicallynatural gas, propane or uel oil).With geothermal systems, theresno need to create heat and no need

or chemical combustion.Instead, the earths natural

heat is collected through a serieso pipes, called a loop , installed below the sur ace o the ground orsubmersed in a pond or lake. Fluidcirculating in the loop carries thisheat to the building or structure.

A geothermal unit, installedinside the building, uses electricallydriven compressors and heatexchangers in a vapor compressioncycle (the same principle asemployed in a re rigerator) toconcentrate the earths energy

gEOTHERMal SOuRcES & RESOuRcES

Geothermal Alliance of IllinoisGeothermal Energy Association

Union of Concerned ScientistsDurbin Geothermal (loop installer)Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium, IncInternational Ground Source Heat Pump Association (IGSHPANational Ground Water Association

Contractors and loop installers useexcavators, like this Cat 329E, to dig

trenches and prepare commercial sites for geothermal installations.

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a loop installers perspective

Durbin Geothermal in Beecher City, Illinois, is aamily-owned company.We got our start in ground source geothermal

loop installation in 2000 when my dad, ourcompanys ounder Sam Durbin, was buildinghis own home, says current owner Dom Durbin.He was told there was a six-month backlog be orea loop could be drilled, so we decided to do itourselves. We were already doing dozing andexcavating so we bought a drill rig and got started.

Durbin Enterprises Inc. was a success ul trucking

and excavating business with many o the machinesand tools necessary to install geothermal loops.Durbin Sr.s home was near a small, relativelyshallow oil patch in central Illinois. He bought anolder Failings 1500 Holemaster drilling rig thenhired a local man with drilling experience as well ashis two sons, Dom and Robert.

and release it inside the building at a highertemperature. In typical systems, duct ans distributethe heat to various rooms.

The most simplistic way to think o ageothermal system is that it does two things: pumpswater and blows air, says John Freitag, ExecutiveDirector, Geothermal Alliance of Illinois .

In the simplest use o ground-source heating andcooling, a tube runs rom the outside air, under theground, and into the buildings ventilation system.More complicated, but more e ective, systemsuse compressors and pumps as in electric air-conditioning systems to maximize the heattrans er.

A geothermal system pumps water romground [or through a continuous closed-loop

system]. Fluid is circulated throughout the systemand during the heating season, heat is extracted

or use in the building and the fuid is pumped back through the system. The fuid is pumped backinto the system colder than it came in. As the fuidtrans ers through the closed-loop system, it buildsheat which is ready to be extracted out by the timeit circulates around again, explains Freitag.

In summer, the process is reversed. Excess heat isdrawn rom the building, expelled to the loop andabsorbed by the earth. Geothermal systems providecooling in the same way that a re rigerator keeps itscontents cool by drawing heat rom the interior,not by injecting cold air.

Loop manu actu rers use h gh- ens ty polyethylene, a toughplast c, or the p p ng n a geothermal nstallat on. when nstallersconnect sect ons o p pe, they heat use the jo nts, h ch makes theconnect ons stronger than the p pe tsel . The fu n the loop s

ater or an env ronmentally sa e ant reeze solut on that c rculatesthrough the p pes n a close system.

dr ll ng r gs, l ke these use or the close -loop system nstalleat Lake Lan College n ill no s, r ll loop el s typ cally 100 300 eet eep.

more

TyPES OF gEOTHERMal lOOPS

The loop system is the heart of geothermal technology.Regardless of the type, loop systems deliver efficientcomfort and savings for many years into the future. Ageothermal dealer will help select the proper loop systembased on a site survey and detailed energy analysis.Here are the four different types of loop systems:

VERtical loop

HoRizontal loop

pond loop

opEn loop

Sources:Durbin Geothermal Geothermal Alliance of Illinois


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Its a specialized industry so we reached out togeothermal HVAC equipment manu acturers toteach us how to combine our knowledge o dirt andexcavating with their methods o trans erring heatwith the earth, says Dom.

Today Durbin Geothermal is a respectedgeothermal system installer throughout the Midwest.Geothermal is now 95% o what we do, says Dom.And we currently have seven vertical drillingunits, one horizontal directional drilling unit,several excavators and trenchers, as well as a ullcomplement o support trucks and tools.

The past 12 years have been a learning curve orDom and his amily on diversifed loop installationmethods and site construction needs. And in those12 years, geothermal installations have becomemore popular. There are now enough case studiesand enough tests have been done that moreengineers and contractors are more com ortable withgeothermal systems, he notes.

Dom credits communication as a key to anyprojects success.

Everything you change and modi y on ageothermal installation has an impact on anotherpiece o the installation, he stresses. I you justtried to divide work rom inside the structure[mechanical contractor] and outside the structure[excavating/drilling contractor] ... i either makechanges to anything [piping/depth/unit sizes/ building envelope/building load] it has an impacton other sides. Communication and working withother trades is critical to the success o a geothermalinstallation.

the Future oF Geothermal

Building operators are extremely concerned withenergy costs, now and in the uture, explainsFreitag. In addition to being an environmentally

riendly heating/cooling option, geothermal systemsare providing cost savings or those who install them.(See the Case Studies illustrated on Pages 15-16.)

According to Freitag, geothermal energy hasthe potential to play a signifcant role in movingthe United States (and other regions o the world)toward a cleaner, more sustainable energy system.Geothermal energy is one o the ew renewableenergy technologies that like ossil uels cansupply continuous, baseload power.

The s te aroun a commerc al project has the potent al to bean ener y source or heat n an cool n com ort. Out oora r temperatures fuctuate throu hout the year w th thechan n seasons. in contrast, roun temperatures 4 to 6

eet below the earths sur ace rema n relat vely constant all

year because the earth absorbs heat ener y rom the sun.Loop nstallers, l ke durb n geothermal n ill no s, r ll ntothe earth to nstall loop el s.

TREncHIng TOOlS

A Cat excavator is the perfect tool for site prep anddigging trenches (for supply and return piping) during apond loop installation. Its also useful during the secondphase of a vertical loop installation when pipes need tobe connected.

Cat excavators are extremely common on geothermalinstallation sites, says Dom Durbin of DurbinGeothermal. His family-owned company has beeninvolved in ground source geothermal loop installationsince 2000.

We are seeing mostly vertical loop installations withour commercial work, but pond loops are becoming morepopular in water retention areas, he adds.

These three Cat excavators have a proven track recordon geothermal loop installations:

cat 320E

cat 329E

cat 324E

more

For more information, visit: www.catallday.com


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W ith its rolling hills and putting greens, Asbury Place in Maryville is surroundedby the color of nature. Recently, the continuingcare retirement community went green belowthe water surface by utilizing geothermal energyin its new apartment complex.

The geothermal heating and cooling systemwill supply energy to one side of a duplex, a newresidential option on the retirement communitycampus in Blount County. The system uses anetwork of underwater pipes installed in thecampus lake, St. Clair Lake, that capitalize on thewater temperature (as warmed by the sun) toprovide heating in the winter and uses the wateras a heat sink to cool in the summer.

Bernie Bowman, Asburys Vice Presidentof Business Development, said tapping into

renewable energy has many benefits for thecommunity.

We are using the geothermal system for onehalf of the duplex, with the other half using aconventional heating and cooling system. Thiswill provide very accurate comparisons of theutility savings, he says.

By not burning fossil fuels to generate heat,geothermal energy leads to a cost savingsand a reduction in carbon footprint for theenvironment, says Gordy Noe, president of Pioneer Heating and Air Conditioning , thedealer that provided the Hydron ground loopheat pump utilized by the pond loop system.

Bowman is no amateur to geothermalenergy. For his own educational and informationpurposes, Bowman completed and received the

Entry Level GeothermalProfessional Certificate from the HeatSpring Learning Institute .

As a not-for-profit organization, Asburycannot take advantage of tax savings, but ourproject will benefit in lower utility costs andlower upkeep costs over time, says Bowman.

The cottage duplex is being constructedalong with the St. Clair Apartment homescomplex, a 36-unit, $12 million project to becompleted by August 2012. The cottage duplexis a 1,620-square-foot unit with two bedrooms,plus a den.

Founded in 1956, Asbury, Inc., manages anetwork of not-for-profit retirement communitiesand healthcare centers for individuals 55 orbetter in Maryville, Kingsport and Johnson

City, Tennessee. With a not-for-profit missionof Senior Communities providing securityand freedom with compassion, Asbury hasrenovation and expansion projects underwayat all of its campuses, positioning it to providefor the rapid growth of the aging populationexpected over the next several years.

asbury Pl ce maryville, tennesee


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t he Lake Land College campus is unique in itsdesign. The campus is situated in a spoke-and-wheel design with the library in the middle and fivebuildings attached to it by an open-air canopy. (Seeaerial illustration.)

Four years ago, the college opted to upgradeits 1970s-built campus buildings to a geothermalvertical closed-loop system.

We started with one building and a single-pipesystem, explains the colleges Vice President of Business Services, Ray Rieck. We attached thatsingle pipe to a well field and then to the first of our buildings. We have two different well fieldscurrently [with several hundred wells] and wevecompleted three buildings so far and are workingon a fourth. We do have plans to include all ourcampus buildings in our geothermal loop system.

In the winter on the Lake Land campus, heatpumps extract the waters heat to help warm thebuildings. In the summer, heat pumps pull heatfrom the buildings to warm the water which coolsthe interior. Lake Land uses a large ground loopto carry the geothermal water between the maincampus buildings.

During extreme warm or cold temperatures,the loop will carry the geothermal water to awater chiller or boilers to further assist cooling orheating the water. This combination of geothermaland conventional heating and cooling is calleda hybrid system, and Lake Land is proud to beamong the first institutions to use this system onsuch a large scale.

The heat exchange system is located in the FieldHouse. (Refer to aerial illustration.) The system

uses the consistent underground temperatureof 57 degrees F to cool the inside air in summerand reduce the amount of energy needed toheat the building to a comfortable temperaturein winter. The medium used for heat exchange isan environmentally friendly glycol solution, verysimilar to the antifreeze of an automobile. In thisbuilding alone, energy use is at least 50% less thanthe previous system.

Four buildings have been converted so far.Webb Hall will be transformed this summerand eventually the geothermal system will beexpanded to a majority of the buildingson campus.

We have noticed a significant cost savings dueto our geothermal systems, says Rieck. Wevesaved about $300,000 in utility savings to date,which is a 30% to 50% savings over our oldHVAC system. Rieck also notes that in thefour years the college has been upgrading togeothermal, it continues to take advantage of the latest in geothermal technology.

The campus also plans to install two100-kilowatt wind turbines on campus. Theyare beautiful to look at and will produceenergy, but dollar for dollar, our geothermalsystem will provide us with more costsavings, explains Rieck. Geothermal systemshave larger cost systems than any other typeof system in my opinion, he concludes.

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lake land co egemattoon, illinois

cli k here to see

an aerial view of

Lake Land Colleges geothermal vertical closed-loop system.


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Infrastructure Rating SystemNEW RATING SySTEM AddRESSES NATIoNS CRuMBLING INfRASTRuCTuRE

B Tara Ninmann

We are trying to encourage the long-termdevelopment of sustainable practicesinvolving infrastructure.

B ll B t a, inst t t fo S sta nabl inf ast ct

The concept that products and services,and the companies that deliver them,can be rated on the basis of sustainable

performance isnt new to the built environment.Recognizing that buildings are major consumersof water and energy, the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) created LEED , which isdesigned to rate and reward building owners anddesigners based on achievements in sustainabledesign and performance of buildings.

To be truly effective in fostering sustainabilityhowever, Bill Bertera , Executive Director of the

Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure (ISI) , believes that systems must continually prompt newinquiries. He notes: For highways, the questionshould be, What are the transportation choices forimproving access and mobility in the community?For water treatment plants, What can be done toreduce, reuse and restore the communitys watersupply? For sewer systems and stormwatermanagement, What can we do to improve theeffectiveness of natural systems?

The Envision Rating System helps answerthese questions. Envision evaluates, grades and

gives recognition to infrastructure projects that usetransformational, collaborative approaches to assessthe sustainability indicators over the course of aprojects life cycle.

Simply explained, Envision is a sustainabilityrating system for the nations infrastructure. It isdesigned to evaluate, grade and give recognitionto infrastructure projects that make progress andcontributions to a more sustainable future through aholistic approach.

Envision applies to almost any kind of civilinfrastructure OTHER than buildings, notes Bertera.

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inFrastructure recoGnizeD

Envision is a joint collaboration between theInstitute for Sustainable Infrastructure (ISI) and the Zofnass Program for SustainableInfrastructure at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design (GSD) . Its purposeis to help policy makers evaluate the sustainabilityo in rastructure, set realistic national prioritiesand conduct a national discourse on in rastructureinvestment.

This system rates all types and sizes o civilin rastructure projects, and does so in terms o environmental, economic and community bene ts.

The Triple Bottom Line (economic/social/environmental) shines through in thiscomprehensive and workable rating systemthat will help project owners, designers andconstructors make better management andinvestment decisions, Bertera adds. Envision will help conserve and restore natural resources andecological systems as well as strengthen the capacityand social abric o our communities.

Envision is designed to cover all civilin rastructure including roads, bridges,pipelines, railways, airports, dams, levees, solidwaste land lls, water supplies, wastewatertreatment plants, power transmission lines,telecommunications towers, and the public spacesin cities, towns and local communities. It is notintended to supplant existing, sector-speci cin rastructure rating systems such as those thatcover buildings, roads, airports and hydropower

acilities.Envision provides a complex ramework o

assessment, covering all major civil in rastructureproject types, scales, contexts and project phases.In rastructure owners, engineers, contractors andregulators can address all major in rastructureproject stages: planning and design, construction,operations and maintenance, and decommissioning.

What makes this system stand out, in addition tothe act that its or in rastructure, is that it providestools that can be applied to an in rastructure projectat any point during its li e cycle, says Bertera.

Many rating systems emphasize sustainabilityduring the planning and development phases, butEnvision includes the construction process as wellas the operation and maintenance phases o a new,or existing, project.

aWarDinG recoGnition throuGh envision

Envision directly ties rating system points tomeasurable bene ts.

This program, like others, does have an elementassociated with public recognition, explainsBertera. The Envision Stage 2 Rating Tool is madeup o 60 credits divided into ve sections: Qualityo Li e, Leadership, Resource Allocation, NaturalWorld, and Climate and Risk.

I a developer, designer, planner, civilin rastructure owner, municipality, etc. wishes toapply or public third-party recognition or theirproject, there is an application process in which theycan submit the project or review and veri cation,says Bertera.

However, our goal is not simply to pass outawards or projects that are sustainable, but ratherto create incentives or in rastructure owners tocontinuously improve their in rastructure and makeit more sustainable as time evolves.

Envision is currently available or use in thepublic domain, or ree, and it continues to evolve.

We expect this tool to change considerably associetys concept o what constitutes sustainabilitychanges, concludes Bertera. Envision is meant to be a fuid system.

Who can use Envision ?

more


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WOOdMEn ROad cORRIdOR IMPROvEMEnT PROjEcT PHaSE 1cOlORadO SPRIngS, cOlORadO

The city of Colorado Springs is in the process of improving a 5-mile segment of Woodmen Road.Phase 1 of the project, the Woodmen/Academy Interchange, is in a growing portion of northeastColorado Springs where more than 100,000 vehicles per day travel.The intersection of two heavily traveled arterials required a grade-separated interchange androad widening in a very small footprint within a highly developed urban area comprising of 250businesses and five residential neighborhoods. The vertical realignment required an extensive

amount of utility relocations including a 42-inch-diameter high-pressure waterline that serves morethan one-third of the Colorado Springs population.This project received $35 million in American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding in 2009.

The key to the projects success was obtaining the publics trust and support. Through communityoutreach and education, the stakeholders were active participants in the project design involving viewshed improvements, context sensitive design and environmental protection. The projectminimized congestion and delays, improved trail systems, used recycled tire material in the asphaltroad surface and improved water quality.

THE lITTlES cREEK dRaInagE IMPROvEMEnT PROjEcTcITy OF lITTlETOn, cOlORadO

Littles Creek is a stormwater channel in a 1950s neighborhood environment. The previous creekchannel, located in a roadway median, was too small to handle the flood flows from its drainagebasin, which resulted in frequent flooding of both streets and public property. A small adjacent parkwas underutilized for recreation by the neighborhood.

The project increased the channel capacity by incorporating grouted boulder walls and boxculverts, improving street drainage and adding stream side improvements. The project engagedthe local community and stakeholders in the design and aesthetics of the project, which led toimprovements not only to the stream capacity but also the adjacent park.

The design improves access to the creek and wetlands. The design also allows the low-flowchannel to take on natural meander character through accumulated sediments and wetlands thatallows fish mobility. The mitigation and expansion of the wetland/riparian area added to the overallaesthetics of the project and improved the urban habitat for wildlife. The project was successful inpreserving floodplain functions in an urban setting.

Case Stud ies

Resu ts from usi E isio :

Resu ts from usi E isio :


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Sustainable Productsa f , w f w b b . l w f d

b d .Submit your Product in the sustainable construction industry!

john Deere 160G lc anD 210G lc eXcavatorsb j D c d F D

volvo ecr145D anD ecr235D eXcavatorsb v c eq

multi-Duty (mD) heatinG Blanketsb p w b , llc

tier 4a Generatorsb a c c eq

FielD link For structuresb t b n g l d

m313D anD m315D WheeleD eXcavatorsb c

compact raDius eXcavators

b h d c eq a i .


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OHare International is among the rstin the United States to produce andplace warm mix asphalt as part o theconstruction o new taxiways.

The worlds second busiest airport in termso fight operations behind Atlantas Harts eld- Jackson International is undergoing some majorchanges. The OHare Modernization Program(OMP) , as the expansion and upgrading projectis named, is one o the countrys largest currentconstruction projects.

The project is under the management o theChicago Department of Aviation (CDA) andinvolves constructing a new runway and taxiways,expanding and/or relocating some existingrunways and taxiways, and constructing a new

passenger terminal. The work is being done inphases with the new terminal to be built in the

uture as demand dictates.The OMP is recon guring OHares air eld into

a modern parallel runway con guration rom theoriginal system o intersecting runways. This newcon guration will reduce fight delays and increasecapacity.

Upon completion o the OMP there will be a totalo eight runways; six will be east-west parallel andtwo will be crosswind. Two relocated runways willhave been constructed to accommodate new largeraircra t. Several miles o new taxiways will have been built as well. Also included in the plan is theeventual construction o a new passenger terminalon the west side o the airport.

W rm Mix asph lt T kes Flight t OH re Intern tion l

By Howard Ande

Bec use wma is rel tively ne in t e vi tion in ustry,t e C ic go de rt ent of avi tion s require to seek

rov l fro t e Faa before using it for t e Oh remo erniz tion progr . T e rov l took t o ye rs.

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WHy cOnSIdER WaRM MIx aSPHalT?

Warm mix stays hot and workable longer, meaning youcan bid projects where in the past delivery time from plantto paving site might have been prohibitive because of distance or even traffic.

Because it stays hotter and workable longer, warm mixenables you to continue to pull material from a favorite,trusted asphalt plant. In fact, WMA might open up a widermarket area for you and it might be worthwhile to ask yourmix supplier if they plan on producing WMA.

Because of the lower temperatures associated withWMA, a contractor who is a seasonal contractor (or acontractor who paves at night) should take a serious lookat making this product available to customers. Its ability tomaintain temperature can help extend a season as much asfour weeks on each end.

The emissions issue is something that should not beoverlooked, but it usually is by contractors. Everyone,asphalt employee or not, quickly recognizes the distinctodor associated with hot mix asphalt. The reducedemissions of WMA will make it an appealing product fortowns, counties, and states that might be inclined to pushand support more green-like characteristics such as

reducing emissions both at the plant level and the actualpaving site.Lower temperatures make it easier on your crew and

equipment. WMA is 20% cooler (or more) in the plantproduction process and its much cooler at the jobsite. Thismakes it more comfortable for the crew, especially on hotdays, and helps them maintain high levels of productivity.Perhaps the bottom line benefit to consider involves thefirst thing most contractors (and customers) will look at:price. At this time, warm mix asphalt additives do raisethe price of a ton of asphalt. However, when you factor inthe amount of waste with hot mix, overage that cools andcannot be reused easily, and then consider the extensionof a paving season, the cost increases associated withwarm mix products are probably insignificant in the end.

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incorporatinG sustainaBility

The CDA has continually emphasized the importanceo incorporating and utilizing sustainability practicesin the design and construction o all projects relatedto the OMP. Roughly two years ago members o theOMP team evaluated the use o more environmentally

riendly warm mix asphalt (WMA) as opposed to hotmix asphalt (HMA).

The CDA had extensive consultations with theCivil Engineering Department of the University of Illinois and with representatives rom the Federal

Aviation Administration (FAA) . Based on research,the CDA concluded that WMA was an appropriatesubstitute or HMA on OHares taxiway projects.

OHare International as a result o the above researchand testing is the frst airport in the Great Lakes Regionand among the frst in the United States to produce andplace WMA as part o the construction o new taxiways

or the OMP.The specifc names o the projects are OMP Taxiway

Zulu Sierra (ZS) and Runway 9C-27C Northeast Projectsat OHare International Airport. Plote ConstructionInc. o Ho man Estates, Illinois, constructed the

Taxiway ZS project. The Walsh/TJ Lambrecht Joint Venture is the contractor or the Runway 9C-27CNortheast project. K-Five Construction Corporation o Lemont, Illinois, is the asphalt paving subcontractor.

During 2011 OMP contractors placed more than 7,100tons o WMA to construct the asphalt-treated permeable base (ATPB), binder course and shoulders or TaxiwayZS. This work was done rom late July to early August2011, and the overall Taxiway ZS project was completedin the all o 2011.

This new taxiway is a component o the OMPCompletion Phase 2A and was constructed as a GroupV category taxiway. Group V status can accommodateGroup VI aircraft (NLAs) with certain operatingrestrictions. Taxiway ZS is located on OHares southairfeld near the Southwest Cargo area and runs ina north/south orientation between uture Runways10C-28C and 10R-28L.

Concurrently, in the all o 2011 the OMP depositedapproximately 37,000 tons o WMA or the ATPB, bindercourse, and shoulders o a group o taxiways included inthe Runway 9C-27C Northeast project. Approximately30,000 tons o WMA remain or construction in 2012.

T e C c go de rt ent of av t on s very co tteto ncor or t ng green best r ct ces nto ll s ectsof Oh re intern t on l. T e Oh re mo ern z t onprogr s currently one of t e countrys l rgestconstruct on rojects.

This work is being conducted at the northeasterncorner o the airfeld and is part o uture Runway9C-27C. The WMA work is slated to be completed inthe spring o 2012. The Runway 9C-27C Northeastproject consists o new taxiways and the realignment o existing taxiways.

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anatomy oF the runWay

The anatomy o the runway and taxiway componentsand materials will be discussed starting with thedeepest layer which is the lime stabilized subgrade. Thisestablishes a solid and consistent oundation or theasphalt and concrete components o both the runwayand taxiway cross sections. The top 12 inches o the soilsubgrade is stabilized in the OMP with a mix o limeand water.

The next component is the asphalt treated permeable base (ATPB) which is open graded asphaltic cementconcrete. This section is typically placed in one or twoli ts to build the 6-inch section. In addition this layeris constructed or compacted rom 100 degrees F to 150degrees F to maintain the voids between the aggregate.The ATPB allows or drainage o water through thepavement section. The Per ormance Grade (PG) or thislayer is 58-22.

The next layer is the asphalt binder which consistso an asphaltic blended aggregate mix based on IllinoisDepartment o Transportation (IDOT) specifcations.The PG or this material was 64-22. An approvedchemical additive is included in the mix which allows

or the lower temperatures and creates WMA. This6-inch section is also typically placed in two li ts similarto the ATPB. This asphalt binder has ewer air voidsthan the ATPB. Asphaltic cement is used in this layerin lieu o Portland cement concrete (PCC) to reduce thecost o the pavement section.

Lastly the top sur ace layer is rein orced PCC. Thethickness o the rein orced PCC layer varies rom 16 to21 inches depending on the runway.

T e taxiways are an integral art of t e Ohare modernization progra (Omp), one of t e largest infrastr ct rere abilitation and constr ction rojects in t e united States at one of t e worlds largest and b siest air orts.

runWay DesiGns

Airfeld pavement designs are similar to the typicalInterstate highway design. However, airfeld crosssections are typically thicker due to the weight o aircra tand the stress o aircra t touchdowns upon landing onrunways.

Taxiway ZS used approximately 7,100 tons o WMAand 7,000 square yards o PCC. Upon completion o the Runway 9C-27C Northeast project, the contractorwill have used approximately 67,000 tons o WMA and108,000 square yards o PCC.

The Chicago Department of Aviation has been andcontinues to be very committed to incorporating green best practices into all aspects o OHare International andto Chicagos smaller but well utilized second airport,Midway International . This includes airport design,construction, operations, terminal maintenance and day-to-day management.

The CDA developed a Sustainable Airport Manual(SAM) to establish guidelines, policy and procedure orairport operations including construction and is applyingthis to the OMP. The exploration and research that went

into the decision o using WMA ollows the sustainabilitypractices. The incorporation o WMA as a componentin OHares taxiway design and construction meets thetriple bottom line .

WMA is proven to be a paving method that has lesso an environmental impact than HMA or example.WMA also has the potential to save time and expenses.In relation to a project with the scope o the OMP, thesavings o time, labor and materials cost, as well as thelesser environmental impact, are signifcant.

The benefts o using WMA are related to sustainabledevelopment and improved working conditions.Included in this are environmental benefts rom reduced

uel consumption, and reduced asphalt plant emissions.There are physical benefts that relate to the pavingprocess such as increased workability or transportingand placing asphalt and potentially extending the lengtho the paving season. Using this innovative and more eco-

riendly paving technology is one o the many industryleading sustainability initiatives that continue to beincorporated at Chicagos airports.

W rm Mix asph lt Is new To avi tio

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OHaRE WMa WHaTS In THE MIx?

AkzoNobel Surface Chemistry provided its Rediset LQ liquid asphalt warm mixadditive to help pave new taxiways at Chicagos OHare International Airport.The taxiways, designed to measure 80 feet in width and flanked by 35-foot-wide asphaltshoulders, are being paved with multiple layers of warm mix asphalt (WMA) containingAkzoNobels Rediset LQ additive byK-Five Construction , a leading asphalt andconcrete paving company headquartered in Lemont, Illinois. The asphalt layers are then

overlaid with 19 inches of Portland Concrete Cement (PCC) by general contractor WalshConstruction.Rediset LQ is a l iquid variation of AkzoNobels Rediset WMX, a warm mix additive

that allows the processing of asphalt mixes at lower temperatures and the compactionof asphalt mixes containing high contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP).According to K-Five Project Manager Rocco Danna, the taxiways are being paved withwarm mix that includes PG 58-22-asphalt binder and 20% RAP.

The asphalt layers form a 12-inch lift that is actually two different lifts of WMA. Thetop lift consists of a 6-inch course of N50 binder warm mix and the bottom lift 6 inchesof asphalt-treated permeable base (ATPB) warm mix.

Rediset LQ is used in both lifts as well as in the all-asphalt shoulders, whichconsist of a 4-inch course of an N50 warm mix base and a 3-inch N70 surface course.Mixes prepared with Rediset LQ, in addition to being produced and paved at lower

temperatures, exhibit a great improvement in moisture resistance properties.Weve completed warm mix paving for other Illinois governmental agencies,

including the Cook County Highway Department and the Illinois Toll HighwayAuthority, Danna says. We found this to be the easiest warm mix technology toincorporate into our paving operations without having to invest in upgrades at our hotmix plants.

key reDuctions across the BoarD

Because it is a liquid product, K-Five was able to meter Rediset LQ into its existinghot mix asphalt (HMA) binder lines with an injection system. Moreover, at the plant, theinclusion of Rediset LQ in the asphalt mix helped reduce mix-production temperature to270 degrees F a reduction of 40 to 50 degrees F over traditional hot mix which cutcarbon dioxide emissions as well as fuel costs significantly.

In the field, paving temperature was reduced to 260 degrees F a reduction of 40 to 60 degrees F over hot mix paving. This has greatly diminished the smoke, fumesand odor that typically result from laying down HMA, thereby providing a betterworking environment for the K-Five paving crews. Danna also noted that consolidationof the warm mix ATPB lift took about half as long as consolidation of hot mix ATPB,which reduced the manpower hours considerably.

More than 38,000 tons of WMA with Rediset LQ have been laid since K-Five beganpaving in early October. The paving season for 2011 was concluded in early Decemberand resumed in early April 2012. A temporary taxiway, designed to have a life span of three to five years, was completed in early November to enable connection of existingtaxiways with new pavement, thus ensuring that this new section was fully open toaircraft operations. All told, Danna estimates that a total of 65,000 to 70,000 tons of WMA withRediset LQ will be laid.

More than 38,000 tons of WMA with Rediset LQ have been laid since K-Five began pavingin early October.

Rediset LQ is a liquid variation of AkzoNobels Rediset WMX, a warm mix additive that allows the processing of asphalt mixes at lower temperatures and the compaction of asphalt mixes

containing high contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP).

Wat h video to see

h w Rediset helps pave the way t m dernizing the oHare Airp rt.

cli k here to see

an aerial verlay view f the oHare runways.


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2012 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved.CAT, CATERPILLAR, their respective logos, Caterpillar Yellow, the Power Edge trade dress as well as corporateand product identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.

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