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SUSPENDED SOLIDS TEST PROCEDURES

A.Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

i. Preparation of the glass fibre filter disc: Insert the filter disc onto the baseand clamp on funnel. While vacuum is applied, wash the disc with three (3)successive 20 mL distilled water. Remove all traces of water by continuingto apply vacuum after water has passed through. Remove funnel from

base and place filter in the dish and dry in an oven at 103

C - 105

C forone (1) hour. When needed, remove dish from the oven, desiccate andweight.

ii. Select a sample volume (max. of 200 mL) that will yield not more than 200mg of total suspended solids.

iii. Place the filter on the base and clamp on funnel and apply vacuum. Wetthe filter with small volume of distilled water to seal the filter against the

base.iv. Shake the samples vigorously and quantitatively transfer required volume

(mL) of samples to the filter using a large orifis, volumetric pipette. Removeall traces of water by continuing to apply vacuum after samples haspassed through.

v. Rinse the pipette and funnel onto the filter with small volume of distilledwater. Remove all traces of water by continuing to apply vacuum aftersamples has passed through.

vi. Carefully remove the disc filter from the base. Dry for at least one (1) hour

at 103

C - 105

C. Cool in a desiccator and weigh.

B. Total Dissolved Solids

i. Preparation of evaporating dish: Ignite cleaned evaporating dish at 500

C

50

C for one (1) hour in muffle furnace. Store in desiccator until needed.Weigh immediately before use.

ii. Choose samples volume to yield between 2.5 and 200 mg dried residue. Ifmore than 10 minutes are required to complete filtration, increase filter sizeor decrease sample volume.

iii. Stir samples with magnetic stirrer and pipet a measures volume ontoglass-fibre filter with applied vacuum. Wash with three (3) successive 10mL of distilled water, allowing complete drainage between washings, andcontinue suction for about 3 min after filteration complete.

iv. Transfer total filtrate (with washings) to a weighed evaporating dish andevaporate to dryness on a drying oven. Dry evaporated samples for atleast 1 h in an oven at 180C 2C, cool in a desiccator to balancetemperature, and weigh. Repeat drying cycle of drying, cooling,desiccating, and weighing until a constant weigh is obtained. (The filtratefrom the total suspended solids determination may be used fordetermination of total dissolved solids).

C. Total Volatile Solids

If volatile solids are to be measured, the residue from method A and B is ignited at

500

C 50

C for 15 minutes in a muffle furnace. Cool in desiccator to balancetemperature and weigh. Repeat cycle of drying or igniting, cooling, desiccating, and

weighing until a constant weight change less than 4% of the previos weighing or0.5 mg, whichever is less. Store in desiccator until needed.

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