OVIPOSITION PREFERENCES OF THE LARGE PINE WEEVIL, HYLOBIUS ABIETIS
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Susceptibility of Apple Varieties to Oviposition by Apple Maggot, Rhagoletis
pomonella (Walsh)
Peter Jentsch Hudson Valley Research Lab
Cornell University
1. Life cycle of apple maggot (AM)
2. Emergence cycles.
3. Monitoring techniques & tools.
4. Susceptibility of old and new apple
varieties.
Presentation overview
Over-winter in soil
Oviposition
AM Pupa
Larval Damage
• Adult females lay an average of 300 eggs.
• Average adult lives 30 days.
• Flies emerge over extended periods; June to September.
• Climatic conditions do not significantly effect emergence.
• Early maturing apple varieties are more susceptible than late maturing varieties after first emergence.
Biological Rules of Thumb
Ovipositional Tendencies of AM
• Earliest recorded adult emergence on 10 June.
• Peak adult emergence mean is 10 July.
• Egg laying occurs 8 days after adult emergence.
• AM oviposition follows the natural sequence of apple variety ripening.
AM emergence 1931 - 1969
Samples from McIntosh • First Peak emergence ◊ Second peak emergence
Data taken from R.W Dean and P.J. Chapman �Bionomics of the Apple maggot in Eastern N.Y.�
Determination of Population Density
• Using baited sticky spheres to monitor threshold.
• In IPM programs, sticky traps are placed in commercial orchards to monitor AM flies.
• Acceptable control in commercial orchards ia obtained using insecticides applied to kill females before they oviposit. Applications are made 7 to 10 days after the first fly has emerged.
• 10- to 14-day intervals while adults are active.
Determination of IPM AM Threshold
Data taken from R.W Dean and P.J. Chapman �Bionomics of the Apple maggot in Eastern N.Y.�
Ovipositional preference • Delicious vs R.I. Greening • Early vs late maturing
Ovipositional Preference of AM on Older Apple Varieties
AM damage on new �Enterprise� variety
�Trailworm� larval tunneling in fruit.
Arlet
Braeburn/M.9
Cameo
Creston
Enterprise
Fortune
Fuji (BC #2)
Gala Supreme
Ginger Gold
Golden Del./M.9
Golden Supreme
GoldRush
Honeycrisp
McIntosh (Pioneer)
NY 75414-1
Orin
Pristine
Sansa
Senshu
Shizuka
SunCrisp
Sunrise
Yataka/M.9
New Apple Varieties Evaluated for Susceptibility to AM Oviposition
Data taken from R.W Straub �Susceptibility of New Apple Cultivars to Various Arthropod Pests� N.Y. Fruit Quarterly Vol.11, No.2 Summer 2003.
Variety Preference of AM on New Apple Varieties