DIRECTIONS IN DISTANCE EDUCATIONFOR THE K-12 CLASSROOM

Susan PierceSamuel RamosNancy Shaw

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INTRODUCTION

In our ever changing world, electronics is always evolving, as we see traditional televisions replaced by plasma t.v.’s. For entertainment, the old eight track player is now succeeded by MP3 players and now IPOD’s. The way we learn, by attending a classroom in a College or University is being modified by the means of Distance learning.

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INTRODUCTION

Distance learning is a field of education that centers on the pedagogy and andragogy, technology and instruction systems design that wish to present education to students who are not physically on site. Rather than attending courses in person, teachers and students may communicate at times of their own.

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INTRODUCTION

Choosing by switching printed or electronic media, or through technology that allows them to communicate in real-time and through online ways. Distance education courses that demand a physical on-site presence for any reason including the taking of examinations is considered to be hybrid or fused courses of study. (Wikipedia.org)

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??? Quiz

By using technology, employees are then trained. This ensures a return on what a company invests on its employees. What is ROI? What do the letters ROI stand for?1. Realize outstanding individuals2. Return on Investment3. Renew Ongoing Instruction

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LEADING QUESTIONS

What

Where

Why

How

Who When

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PIONEERSWho

Sir Isaac PitmanAnna TicknorJ. Richard Gividen

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What Beginning Stages

1874 Wesleyan University1882 Chautauqua 1926 National Home Study Council1920’s Radio1940’s TVThe Flying Classroom

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??? Quiz

In 1926, what was the one of the organizations formed that began to push for distance learning?1. ACLU2. National Home Study Council3. Technology Integration Planning

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What Characteristics

Fast access informationAccess to expertsFast communication to groupsCommunication capabilities support collaborationAccess to learning materialAccess to courses not locally availableAccess to education for homebound studentsIncreased interaction among students & teachers

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??? Quiz

What is not a characteristic of Distance Learning?1. Access to experts – not found

locally2. Any book published, now

accessible on PDF3. Access to homebound students,

due to illness, or disability.

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What Delivery Systems

Dale’s Cone of ExperienceTelecoursesWeb-based coursesVideo-conferencing

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What Types of Distance Learning

Student researchOnline classroom materialsWeb-based lessonsVirtual courses and programs

John Dewey’s mode of LEARNING BY DOING is at the heart of Distance learning. Finding out for oneself, playing with information is the central theme.

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??? Quiz

John Dewey’s MODE of learning by doing, means:1. Information can be condensed

on flash drives2. Data can be lost, backup copies

are essential3. Finding out for oneself, working

with information is the central theme.

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What Advantages

Expressive and experiential potentialCustomizationAttend college course according to your own schedule.Complete much or all of your education via the internetAn online degree can be earned with 2-3 yearsOnline degree curriculums considers current industry trends, leading to greater opportunities for employment or career improvementCoursework may be utilized immediately to your work settings.

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What Disadvantages

Possibility of Isolation

1956Gayle Childs Study

2001Carol Twigg Study

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??? Quiz

What is not an advantage of Distance Learning?1. Attend college courses at your

own schedule2. Reinforces individual isolation3. Coursework may be utilized

immediately to your environment.

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??? Quiz

Which of the following is NOT Web 2.01. Blog2. Wiki3. Facs machine4. email

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What What is Distance Learning Like Now?

Course Management SystemSite capturing softwareIntranetsSmartBoardWeb CTBlackBoard

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When

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Why

Positive effects on attitude toward learning on self -concept on collaborative learning on student centered learning on change: evolutionary (not revolutionary) on interaction among students between students and teachers on student achievement

Technology’s Impact on Learning

Department of Education Forum (1995)

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Why

Jason Huett,  Leslie Moller,  Wellesley R Foshay,  Craig Coleman. (2008). The Evolution of Distance Education: Implications for Instructional Design on the Potential of the Web. TechTrends, 52(5), 63-67.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1608653391).

Jason Huett, Leslie Moller, Wellesley R Foshay, Craig Coleman. TechTrends. Washington: Sep/Oct 2008. Vol. 52, Iss. 5; pg. 63, 5 pgs

The Evolution of Distance Education: Implications for Instructional Design on the Potential of the Web

Distance education is for students whohave social commitmentsare being home-schooled live in rural areasare hospitalizedare homeboundrequire flexible hours for employment, are incarceratedwho want to enrich their educationare travelinghave difficulty in regular classroomsare in need of courses not offered during the regular school day

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How Topics to Consider Before We Begin

How Will School be Affected by a Distance Education Program?

The changing role of the instructor: coach vs expert What goes into designing a distance education course?Technical Considerations –

state of technology in the schoolHardwaresoftware

Digital divide issues: is there internet at home?Teacher willingness and preparedness Student level of readiness:

Information literacyDigital citizenshipNetiquette

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THE ISTE WEBSITEBecause educational software is at school, not at home.

Bull, G. and Ferster, B. (2005-2006). Ubiquitous Computing in a Web 2.0 World. Learning & Leading with Technology, vol. 33, no.4 retrieved April 15, 2009, from

http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Publications/LL/LLIssues/Volume_33_2006_2005_/December_January_No_4_1/December-January_2005-2006.htm

Project based learningWeb 2.0 (blogs, wikisEnvisioning the Future of Education and TechnologyInnovative Learning TechnologiesDigital Citizenship

Why

Virtual Schools and Online Learning

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How

Project-Based Learning

2nd Grade All About Animal Research and Publication

Project

An emerald tree boa protects its eggs by doing his body into a circle.

3. Research and Information FluencyStudents apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information.

K-5 Technology Standards (5.a.4)

NETS

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Why

Learning is FUN

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Why

Accomplishment

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How

Web 2.0

Blogs – between teacher and studentBookmarking – portaportal – deliciousE-palsPodcasting – MP3 player - ipodRSSSkype ThinkQuest - contestWebquest and Quest GardenVideoconferencingWikis

http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/EducatorResources/YourLearningJourney/Web20/A_Day_In_the_Life_of_Web_2_0.pdf

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How

We Need a Plan: An Instructional Design Approach for Distance Education Courses

1. Good teaching matters. 2. Each medium has its own aesthetic. 3. Education technologies are flexible. 4. There is no "super-technology.”5. Make all four media available to teachers and learners:

Print, audio, television, and computers.6. Balance variety with economy. 7. Interaction is essential.8. Student numbers are critical. How many will use it?9. New technologies are not necessarily better than old ones.10. Teachers need training to use technology effectively.11. Teamwork is essential: subject matter experts, instructional

designers, and media specialists12. Technology is not the issue. How and what we want the learners

to learn is the issue and technology is a tool (p. 833)

Michael Simonson, Charles Schlosser. Distance Learning. Greenwich: 2004. Vol. 1, Iss. 4; pg. 29, 10 p

Twelve Golden Rules http://proquest.umi.com.lb-proxy8.touro.edu/pqdweb?index=12&sid=1&srchmode=3&vinst=PROD&fmt=4&startpage=-1&clientid=14844&vname=PQD&RQT=309&did=809428191&scaling=FULL&ts=1239992905&vtype=PQD&aid=1&rqt=309&TS=1239992959&clientId=14844&cc=1&TS=1239992959

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How

Digital Portfolios

AssignmentsAuthor studiesAmerican Presidents and/or World LeadersScience Lab results

End of Semester Digital renditions of artwork completed over timeShowcase achievementsReflect on work and share thoughts

Graduation Digital proof of accomplishments over time Part of college application

E-Portfolio

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How

Delivery

WebCT Communities

Relevant Content Clear DirectionsControl the pace of Learning

Cable in the Classroom

E-Portfolio

BlackBoard

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How

Instructional Design Elements

learning objectives are clearLessons are based on curriculum and technology standardsActivities are engagingStudents collaborate supportive online learning community

i.e. good teacher-student rapportFrequent feedbackAssessment – how the students didEvaluation – what worked, where is there room for improvement?

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??? Quiz

When planning a distance education course, which topic should be considered?1. State of technology in the

school2. Teacher Preparedness3. Student readiness4. All of the above

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How

DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: A Knowledge Base for K-12 Teachers

http://www.touro.edu.lb-proxy8.touro.edu/library/commerdb/proxyTC.asp?http://proquest.umi.com.lb-proxy8.touro.edu/pqdweb?did=844312261&sid=1&Fmt=4&clientId=14844&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Mary Corwin Herring. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. Greenwich: Winter 2004. Vol. 5, Iss. 4; pg. 231, 13 pgs

Learning guide or facilitator roles for teachers Training needs of students to implement learning strategies Embedding of assessment within the learning process Creation and facilitation of problem-based learning Multiple approaches to knowledge development

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How

Douglas A. Kranch

Douglas A Kranch.  (2008). GETTING IT RIGHT GRADUALLY: An Iterative Method for Online Instruction Development. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 9(1), 29-34.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1669673431).

GETTING IT RIGHT GRADUALLY: An Iterative Method for Online Instruction DevelopmentDouglas A Kranch. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. Greenwich: 2008. Vol. 9, Iss. 1; pg. 29, 6 pgs

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How

Jolly T. Holden – Philip Westfall

Jolly T Holden,  Philip J-L Westfall. (2006). Instructional Media Selection for Distance Learning: A Learning Environment Approach. Distance Learning, 3(2), 1-11.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1269843581).

Instructional Media Selection for Distance Learning: A Learning Environment ApproachJolly T Holden, Philip J-L Westfall. Distance Learning. Greenwich: 2006. Vol. 3, Iss. 2; pg. 1, 11 pgs

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How

Tammy Ronsisvalle – Ryan Watkins

Tammy Ronsisvalle,  Ryan Watkins. (2005). STUDENT SUCCESS IN ONLINE K-12 EDUCATION. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 6(2), 117-124,184.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 975609501).

STUDENT SUCCESS IN ONLINE K-12 EDUCATIONTammy Ronsisvalle, Ryan Watkins. Quarterly Review of Distance Education. Greenwich: Summer 2005. Vol. 6, Iss. 2; pg. 117, 9 pgs

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How

Exemplary Implementation

WebCT Communities and Blackboard – Exemplary Course Projects

e-CommerceIntroduction to Online Learning (2006)NursingUniversity

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How

Rubric

http://www.csuchico.edu/celt/roi/

Social/Rapport-building Designs for InteractionInstructional Designs for InteractionInteractivity of Technology ResourcesEvidence of Learner EngagementEvidence of Instructor Engagement

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READINGSRisa Blair,  Lyndon Godsall. (2006). ONE SCHOOL'S EXPERIENCE IN IMPLEMENTING E-PORTFOLIOS: Lessons Learned. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 7(2), 145-153,225-226.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 1269827061).

Mary Corwin Herring.  (2004). DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: A Knowledge Base for K-12 Teachers. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 5(4), 231-242,309.  Retrieved April 17, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals database. (Document ID: 844312261).

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Slide

Title URL

21 Department of Education Forum (1995) http://www.nsba.org/sbot/toolkit/tiol.html#Impact

23 Virtual Schools and Online LearningThreshhold Magazine – Cable in the Classroom

http://www.ciconline.org/thresholdfall08

23 Bull, G. and Ferster, B. (2005-2006). Ubiquitous Computing in a Web 2.0 World. Learning & Leading with Technology, vol. 33, no.4 retrieved April 15, 2009)

http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Publications/LL/LLIssues/Volume_33_2006_2005_/December_January_No_4_1/December-January_2005-2006.htm

24 K-5 Technology StandardsChatham Elementary School, Chatham, IL

http://ces.bcsd.k12.il.us/Technology%20Docs/Technology%20Standards/K-5%20Tech%20Standards.pdf

24 ISTE National Educational Technology Standards

http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/NETS/ForStudents/2007Standards/NETS_for_Students_2007_Standards.pdf 27 Blogs – between teacher and student

Bookmarking – portaportal – deliciousE-palsPodcasting – MP3 player - ipodRSSSkype ThinkQuestVideoconferencingWebQuest and Quest GardenWikis

http://edublogs.org/ http://www.portaportal.com and http://delicious.com/ http://www.epals.com http://www.podcastforteachers.org/http://www.skype.com/?cm_mmc=google/latsearch-_-NA-US|EN|STRCT-_-BD-_-kwid=JFT008286|creative=3099817589 http://www.thinkquest.org http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow6/nov98/index.html http://www.webquest.org/index.php http://questgarden.com http://www.wikispaces.com/site/for/teachers

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Slide

Title URL

28 Simonson, M., and Schlosser, C. (2004). We Need a Plan – An Instructional Design Approach for Distance Education CoursesDistance Learning. Volume 1, issue 4 ProQuest Education Journals – p.29

http://www.nsba.org/sbot/toolkit/tiol.html#Impact

29 Electronic PortfoliosOPEN SOURCE

http://electronicportfolios.org/blog/2007/10/open-source-eportfolio-systems.html

30 Rubric http://www.csuchico.edu/celt/roi/

RoblyerChapters 7 and 8

http://wps.prenhall.com/chet_roblyer_integrate_4/38/9796/2508006.cw/index.html

9 ISTE National Educational Technology Standards

http://www.iste.org/Content/NavigationMenu/NETS/ForStudents/2007Standards/NETS_for_Students_2007_Standards.pdf 9 E-pals

ThinkQuestWebQuestQuest Garden

http://www.epals.com http://www.thinkquest.org http://webquest.org/index.php http://questgarden.com/

11 Blogs – between teacher and studentBookmarking – portaportal - deliciousPodcasting – MP3 player - ipodRSSSkype VideoconferencingWikis

http://edublogs.org/ http://www.portaportal.com and http://delicious.com/ http://www.podcastforteachers.org/http://www.skype.com/?cm_mmc=google/latsearch-_-NA-US|EN|STRCT-_-BD-_-kwid=JFT008286|creative=3099817589 http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow6/nov98/index.html http://www.wikispaces.com/site/for/teachers

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APA STYLE

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume number(issue number if available). Retrieved month day, year, (if necessary) from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved May 2, 2006, from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving