Surgical Procedures. Gastric Surgery Vagotomy – surgical ligation of the vagus nerve to decrease...
-
Upload
piers-cameron -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Surgical Procedures. Gastric Surgery Vagotomy – surgical ligation of the vagus nerve to decrease...
Surgical Procedures
Gastric Surgery
• Vagotomy – surgical ligation of the vagus nerve to decrease the secretion of gastric acid
• Pyloroplasty – surgical dilatation of the pyloric sphincter to increase the rate of gastric emptying
• Gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I) – surgical removal of the lower portion of the stomach with anastomosis of the remaining portion of the stomach to the duodenum
• Gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II) – surgical removal of the antrum and distal portion of the stomach and duodenum with anastomosis of the stomach to the jejunum
Gastrostomy
• The creation of an artificial external opening into the stomach for nutritional support or gastrointestinal compression
Gastrectomy• The removal of part or all of the stomach. • There are three main types of
gastrectomy:• partial gastrectomy, removal of the
lower half of the stomach• full gastrectomy, removal of the entire
stomach• sleeve gastrectomy, removal of the left
side of the stomach
Gastrointestinal bypass
• surgical procedure that creates a very small stomach; the rest of the stomach is removed.
GB and Pancreatic Surgeries
• Cholecystostomy – surgical incision into the gallbladder to drain bile
• Choledochotomy – surgical incision into the common bile duct to remove stones
• Choledochostomy – surgical opening of the common bile duct to insert a T-tube or catheter for drainage
• Cholecystectomy – surgical removal of the gallbladder
• Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy – removal of the gallbladder through a small incision in the abdomen and the use of a fiber-optic endoscope
• Pancreatectomy – surgical removal of part or the entire pancreas
Bowel Surgery
• Abdominoperineal resection – removal of the distal sigmoid colon, rectum and anus with the creation of a permanent colostomy
• Colectomy- a surgical procedure to remove all or part of your colon.
• Total colectomy involves removing the entire colon.
• Partial colectomy involves removing part of the colon and may also be called subtotal colectomy.
• Hemicolectomy involves removing the right or left portion of the colon.
• Proctocolectomy involves removing both the colon and rectum.
• Ileostomy – surgical opening of the ileum to the abdominal surface to form a stoma
• Bowel resection- surgical excision of a portion of the bowel
• Colostomy - is a surgical procedure that brings a portion of the large intestine through the abdominal wall to carry feces out of the body.
Hemorrhoidectomy
• Surgical removal of the hemorrhoids
• Incisions are made in the tissue around the hemorrhoid. The swollen vein inside the hemorrhoid is tied off to prevent bleeding, and the hemorrhoid is removed
Preoperative Nursing Responsibilities
* Complete patient and family teaching
* Complete the pre-operative checklist and
obtain a signed informed consent
* Administer preoperative medications as
prescribed
* Document’s the patient history and physical
assessment data
* Administer bowel preparation as prescribed
Postoperative Nursing Responsibilities
* Assess respiratory, cardiac status and fluid
balance
* Administer IV fluids, NG tube feedings and
transfusion as prescribed
* Provide wound care and dressing changes
* Assess for the return of peristalsis
* Monitor and maintain the position and patency of
drainage tubes, NG, IFC, wound drainage
* Assess pain and administer analgesics as
prescribed