Surgical and Radiation Therapy
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Transcript of Surgical and Radiation Therapy
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Surg ical and
Radiat ionTherapies
Mark Jo seph S. Tunac, RN
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Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy is a type
of surgery that
destroys cancer cells
by freezing them.
Cryotherapy may be
used to treat cancers
of the skin, liver,
cervix, prostate,bone, lung and for
various pediatric
cancers.
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Ablat ion
Ablation is a minimally invasive technique that
that destroys tumors without removing them.
Ablation is often used for patients with a few
small tumors when surgery is not a goodoption. This type of treatment may be done as
an outpatient or require a brief overnight stay.
Ablation may be used as a treatment for
cancers of the hepatobiliary system, includingthe liver, pancreas and gallbladder.
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Types o f Ablat ion
Cryoablation
Microwave ablation
Radiofrequency ablation
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Cryoablat ion
Cryoablation (percuta
neous) is a minimally
invasive treatmentoption for patients
whose tumors cannot
be removed by
surgery or are at high-risk for surgical
complications.
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Microwave ab lat ion
Microwave antennae
are inserted into the
target lesion underimaging guidance.
The microwaves
create a well-defined
zone of thermalablation around each
antenna.
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Radio frequency ab lat ion
This type of ablation
kills cancer cells by
heating and destroying
them. Physicians insert
a thin needle guided by
(CT) or ultrasound throu
gh the skin and into thetumor.
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CyberKni feCyberKnife is one of
several different types
of radiosurgery that
uses the extremely
focused beams ofradiation to treat
cancerous tumors
without actually needing
to cut into the body.CyberKnife is most
frequently used to treat
brain tumors
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da Vinc i
Building on thetechniques for
laparoscopic surgery
, the surgical tools
inserted into the
patient through the
ports are connected
to robotic armsrather than held by
the surgeon.
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da Vinci
Prostate cancer Uterine cancer
Lung cancer
Head and neck cancers Laryngeal cancer
Pharyngeal cancer
Thyroid cancer
Tongue cancer
Tonsil cancer
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Embol izat ion
Embolization is a minimally invasivetherapy to block a blood vessel. It is
commonly used to stop bleeding as well
as to stop blood flow to a tumor in order
to shrink it or in preparation for removal.
Different types of embolization are used
for tumors in specific areas of the body.
The following are most often used ontumors affecting the liver, bile duct, panc
reas and liver.
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Types of Embo l izat ion
Bland embolization
Chemoembolization (LC Beads)
Portal vein embolization
Radioembolization and selective
internal radiation therapy (SIRT)
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B land embo l izat ion
a treatment option for liver cancer patient
s where the tumors cannot be removed
by surgery because of their location or
number of tumors. This can treat tumorsthat have originated in the liver and
tumors that spread from other sites
(colon or breast). Through a catheter,small particles are injected to prevent
blood flow to the tumor.
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Chemoembo l izat ion (LC Beads)
beads are injected into the vessels to
block the blood flow to the tumor,
causing it to shrink over time.
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Portal vein embo l izat ion
a procedure that blocks the flow of blood
to an area of the liver. Tiny particles are
injected into the vein and this blockage
redirects the blood flow to the side of theliver that is not being embolized allowing
for surgery to be possible.
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Rad ioembol izat ion and select ive intern
al rad iat ion therapy (SIRT)
delivers radiation directly to the tumorthrough millions of microscopic radioactive
spheres, called SIR-Spheres or
TheraSpheres, where they destroy the
tumor by depositing millions of tinyradioactive emitters around the tumor
nodules in the liver. These particles act like
local radiation therapy directly to the tumors, with very few side effects.
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Endoscop ic ret rograde cho lang iopanc r
eatography (ERCP)
It combines combinesX-ray imaging and the
use of an endoscope
(a long, flexible, lighted
tube) to diagnose and
treat problems in the
liver, gallbladder, bile d
ucts and pancreas.ERCP may be used to help diagnose
these types of cancer:
Liver cancer
Gallbladder cancer
Bile duct cancer
Pancreatic cancer
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Gamma Kni fe
The therapy is most
often used to treat
brain tumors and has
been in popular use
for nearly half a
century.
Gamma Knifetechnology is a type
of radiation treatment
known asstereotactic
radiosurgery that
destroys the tumor
without opening the
skull as in traditional
open surgery.
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Image-gu ided radiat ion therapy
Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) isa type of external radiation therapy that d
elivers precisely targeted radiation to tu
mors and reduces exposure to the surrounding healthy tissues.
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Image-gu ided radiat ion therapy
TomoTherapy
Cancers of the sinus and
pharynx, certain brain
tumors, prostate cancerand difficult cancer
recurrences, especially
after prior radiation
therapy, often respond
well to TomoTherapy.
Trilogy
Breast cancer
Lung cancer
Prostate cancer
Kidney cancer
Liver cancer
Colon cancer
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Tomotherapy Trilogy
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Thank you .