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Transcript of Surface & radiological
Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
C2- Angle of Mandible C3- Hyoid Bone C4- Thyroid Notch C6- Cricoid Cartilage Trachea Esophagus begin C7- Vertebra Prominens T23- Upper border of Manubrium Suprasternal
notch T3 amp 4- Manubrium- overlies the aortic arch T5 to 8- Sternum- overlies the heart
bull Sternal Angle- T45- Approx level of 2nd pair of costal cartilages approx beginning and end of aortic arch bifurcation of trachea in to Rt amp Lt main bronchi
bull Xiphisternal joint- T9
bull Lowest part of costal margin-10th rib (the subcostal line)- passes through L3
bull Scapula superior angle- T2 spine of scapula- T3 Inferior Angle- T7Esophagus Approx length-25 cm Cervical superiorly- just below the level of cricoid
(cricopharyngeus muscle (C7))- 15 cm from incisors
Inferiorly- Thoracic inlet approx 18 cm T3 level at the level of suprasternal notch
bull Thoracic Esophagus Superiorly- level of T3 (18 cm from
incisors) Inferiorly- T10 or 11 Carina- 24-25 cm from incisors GE jn- Approx 40 cm from incisorsAJCC Classification Cervical (15-18 cm)
upper Thoracic (18-24 cm) mid Thoracic (24-32) Lower Thoracic (32-40)
bull Thorax- Lines of Orientation Midsternal Line- Lies in the Median Plane
over the sternum Midclavicular Line- Runs vertically
downward from the midpoint of the clavicle Anterior Axillary Line- Runs vertically
downwards from the anterior axillary fold Posterior Axillary Line- Runs Vertically
downwards from the posterior axillary fold
bull Midaxillary Line- Runs vertically downward from a point situated midway between the anterior and posterior folds
bull Scapular Line- Runs vertically downward on the posterior wall of the thorax passing through the inferior angle of the scapula (arms at sides)
bull Nipple (in males)-lies in the 4th intercostal space about 10 cm from midline
bull Apex Beat- in 5th intercostal space 9cm from midline (just below and medial to the nipple) Marks the lowest and outermost point at which the cardiac impulse can be palpated
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Sternal Angle- T45- Approx level of 2nd pair of costal cartilages approx beginning and end of aortic arch bifurcation of trachea in to Rt amp Lt main bronchi
bull Xiphisternal joint- T9
bull Lowest part of costal margin-10th rib (the subcostal line)- passes through L3
bull Scapula superior angle- T2 spine of scapula- T3 Inferior Angle- T7Esophagus Approx length-25 cm Cervical superiorly- just below the level of cricoid
(cricopharyngeus muscle (C7))- 15 cm from incisors
Inferiorly- Thoracic inlet approx 18 cm T3 level at the level of suprasternal notch
bull Thoracic Esophagus Superiorly- level of T3 (18 cm from
incisors) Inferiorly- T10 or 11 Carina- 24-25 cm from incisors GE jn- Approx 40 cm from incisorsAJCC Classification Cervical (15-18 cm)
upper Thoracic (18-24 cm) mid Thoracic (24-32) Lower Thoracic (32-40)
bull Thorax- Lines of Orientation Midsternal Line- Lies in the Median Plane
over the sternum Midclavicular Line- Runs vertically
downward from the midpoint of the clavicle Anterior Axillary Line- Runs vertically
downwards from the anterior axillary fold Posterior Axillary Line- Runs Vertically
downwards from the posterior axillary fold
bull Midaxillary Line- Runs vertically downward from a point situated midway between the anterior and posterior folds
bull Scapular Line- Runs vertically downward on the posterior wall of the thorax passing through the inferior angle of the scapula (arms at sides)
bull Nipple (in males)-lies in the 4th intercostal space about 10 cm from midline
bull Apex Beat- in 5th intercostal space 9cm from midline (just below and medial to the nipple) Marks the lowest and outermost point at which the cardiac impulse can be palpated
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Scapula superior angle- T2 spine of scapula- T3 Inferior Angle- T7Esophagus Approx length-25 cm Cervical superiorly- just below the level of cricoid
(cricopharyngeus muscle (C7))- 15 cm from incisors
Inferiorly- Thoracic inlet approx 18 cm T3 level at the level of suprasternal notch
bull Thoracic Esophagus Superiorly- level of T3 (18 cm from
incisors) Inferiorly- T10 or 11 Carina- 24-25 cm from incisors GE jn- Approx 40 cm from incisorsAJCC Classification Cervical (15-18 cm)
upper Thoracic (18-24 cm) mid Thoracic (24-32) Lower Thoracic (32-40)
bull Thorax- Lines of Orientation Midsternal Line- Lies in the Median Plane
over the sternum Midclavicular Line- Runs vertically
downward from the midpoint of the clavicle Anterior Axillary Line- Runs vertically
downwards from the anterior axillary fold Posterior Axillary Line- Runs Vertically
downwards from the posterior axillary fold
bull Midaxillary Line- Runs vertically downward from a point situated midway between the anterior and posterior folds
bull Scapular Line- Runs vertically downward on the posterior wall of the thorax passing through the inferior angle of the scapula (arms at sides)
bull Nipple (in males)-lies in the 4th intercostal space about 10 cm from midline
bull Apex Beat- in 5th intercostal space 9cm from midline (just below and medial to the nipple) Marks the lowest and outermost point at which the cardiac impulse can be palpated
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Thoracic Esophagus Superiorly- level of T3 (18 cm from
incisors) Inferiorly- T10 or 11 Carina- 24-25 cm from incisors GE jn- Approx 40 cm from incisorsAJCC Classification Cervical (15-18 cm)
upper Thoracic (18-24 cm) mid Thoracic (24-32) Lower Thoracic (32-40)
bull Thorax- Lines of Orientation Midsternal Line- Lies in the Median Plane
over the sternum Midclavicular Line- Runs vertically
downward from the midpoint of the clavicle Anterior Axillary Line- Runs vertically
downwards from the anterior axillary fold Posterior Axillary Line- Runs Vertically
downwards from the posterior axillary fold
bull Midaxillary Line- Runs vertically downward from a point situated midway between the anterior and posterior folds
bull Scapular Line- Runs vertically downward on the posterior wall of the thorax passing through the inferior angle of the scapula (arms at sides)
bull Nipple (in males)-lies in the 4th intercostal space about 10 cm from midline
bull Apex Beat- in 5th intercostal space 9cm from midline (just below and medial to the nipple) Marks the lowest and outermost point at which the cardiac impulse can be palpated
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Thorax- Lines of Orientation Midsternal Line- Lies in the Median Plane
over the sternum Midclavicular Line- Runs vertically
downward from the midpoint of the clavicle Anterior Axillary Line- Runs vertically
downwards from the anterior axillary fold Posterior Axillary Line- Runs Vertically
downwards from the posterior axillary fold
bull Midaxillary Line- Runs vertically downward from a point situated midway between the anterior and posterior folds
bull Scapular Line- Runs vertically downward on the posterior wall of the thorax passing through the inferior angle of the scapula (arms at sides)
bull Nipple (in males)-lies in the 4th intercostal space about 10 cm from midline
bull Apex Beat- in 5th intercostal space 9cm from midline (just below and medial to the nipple) Marks the lowest and outermost point at which the cardiac impulse can be palpated
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Midaxillary Line- Runs vertically downward from a point situated midway between the anterior and posterior folds
bull Scapular Line- Runs vertically downward on the posterior wall of the thorax passing through the inferior angle of the scapula (arms at sides)
bull Nipple (in males)-lies in the 4th intercostal space about 10 cm from midline
bull Apex Beat- in 5th intercostal space 9cm from midline (just below and medial to the nipple) Marks the lowest and outermost point at which the cardiac impulse can be palpated
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Nipple (in males)-lies in the 4th intercostal space about 10 cm from midline
bull Apex Beat- in 5th intercostal space 9cm from midline (just below and medial to the nipple) Marks the lowest and outermost point at which the cardiac impulse can be palpated
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Transpyloric Plane (of Addison)- Lies halfway between the suprasternal notch and pubis or approx one hands breadth below the xiphoid (L1 Level)
passes through the Pylorus the pancreatic neck the duodenojejunal flexure the fundus of the gall bladder the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and hila of the kidneys
Also corresponds to the level of termination of the Spinal Cord
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull Subcostal Plane- L3 Line joining the lowest point of the thoracic
cage on each side (inferior margin of the 10th rib)- passes through the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery
bull Plane of the Iliac Crests- L4 Corresponds to the level of the Aortic
bifurcation Useful landmark in performing LP
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Neck
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Triangles of the NeckTriangles of the Neck
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
The Anterior Region of the Neck
bull Has several palpable landmarks including the larynx trachea and sternal notch
bull The larynx ndash found in the middle of the neck ndash composed of multiple cartilages ndash thyroid cartilage
bull ldquoAdamrsquos applerdquo bull Inferior to the larynx are the cricoid cartilage and trachea bull Terminates at the sternal (jugular) notch of the manubrium and the
left and right clavicles
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
The Nuchal Region
bull The posterior neck region bull Houses the spinal cord cervical vertebrae and associated
structuresbull The bump at the lower boundary of this region is the vertebra
prominens
bull Superiorly along the midline of the neck is the ligamentum nuchae a thick ligament that runs from C7 to the nuchal lines of the skull
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
bull Contain the sternocleidomastoid muscles which partitions the neck into two clinically important triangles an anterior triangle and a posterior triangle
bull Each triangle houses important structures that run through the neck bull Triangles are further subdivided into smaller trianglesbull Anterior triangle lies anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and
inferior to the mandible ndash subdivided into four smaller triangles
bull the submental submandibular carotid and muscular triangles
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
The Posterior Triangle
bull Lateral region of the neckbull Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid musclebull Superior to the clavicle inferiorlybull Anterior to the trapezius muscle bull Subdivided into two smaller triangles
ndash the occipital trianglendash supraclavicular triangle
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Position of Nodes
1 Submental
2 Submandibular
3 Parotid tonsilar
4 Preauricular
5 Postauricular
6 Occipital
7 Anterior cervical superficial and deep
8 Supraclavicular
9 Posterior cervical
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
mdashNeck as seen from left anterior view
Som P M et al AJR 2000174837-844
copy2000 by American Roentgen Ray Society
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
bull AJCC(American Joint Committee on Cancer) classification
bull 1048723Level 1 ndashsubmental+ submandibularbull 1048723Level 2 ndashupper deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 3 ndashmiddle deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 4 ndashlower deep cx nodesbull 1048723Level 5 ndashspinal accessory + transverse cxbull 1048723Level 6 ndashpretracheal prelaryngeal
paratachealbull 1048723Level 7 ndashupper mediastinalnodes
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Tonsils
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Gluteal Region
bull The inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle forms the gluteal fold
bull The gluteal (natal) cleft extends vertically to separate the buttocks into two prominences
bull In the inferior portion of each buttock an ischial tuberosity can be palpated these tuberosities support body weight while seated
bull The gluteus maximus muscle forms most of the inferolateral ldquofleshyrdquo part of the buttock
bull The gluteus medius muscle may be palpated only in the superolateral portion of each buttock
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
The Thigh
bull Many muscular and bony features are readily identified in the thigh which extends between the hip and the knee on each lower limb
bull An extremely important element of thigh surface anatomy is a region called the femoral triangle
bull The femoral triangle is a depression inferior to the groove that overlies the inguinal ligament on the anteromedial surface in the superior portion of the thigh
bull The femoral artery vein and nerve travel through this region making it an important arterial pressure point for controlling lower limb hemorrhage
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Thigh and Knee
bull On the distal part of the anterior thigh are the three parts of the quadriceps femoris as they approach the knee
bull Still on the anterior side of the thigh three obvious skeletal features can be observed and palpated ndash (1) The greater trochanter is palpated on the superior
lateral surface of the thigh ndash (2) the patella is located easily within the patellar
tendon and ndash (3) the lateral and medial condyles of both the femur
and tibia are identified and palpated at each knee
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level Ia
Level Ia
CRANIAL Geniohyoid m plane tangent to basilar edge of mandible
CAUDAL Plane tangent to body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Body of hyoid bone
LATERAL Medial edge of ant belly of digastric
MEDIAL na (midline)
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level Ib
Level Ib
CRANIAL Mylohyoid m cranial edge of submandibular gland
CAUDAL Plane through central part of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Symphysis menti platysma m
POSTERIOR Posterior edge of submandibular gland
LATERAL Basilar edge innerside of mandible platysma m skin
MEDIAL Lateral edge of ant belly of digastric
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level IIa
Level IIa
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post edge of submandibular gland ant edge of int carotid artery post edge of post belly of digastric m
POSTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIA
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level IIb
Level IIb
CRANIAL Caudal edge of lateral process of C1
CAUDAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Post Border of int jugular vein
POSTERIOR Post border of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of int carotid artery paraspinal (levator scapulae) m
IIB
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level III
III
CRANIAL Caudal edge of the body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
ANTERIOR Postero-lateral edge of the sternohyoid ant edge of sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Int edge of carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level IV
Level IV
CRANIAL Caudal edge of cricoid cartilage
CAUDAL 2 cm cranial to sternoclavicular joint
ANTERIOR Anteromedial edge of sternocleido-mastoid m
POSTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
LATERAL Medial edge of sternocleidomastoid
MEDIAL Medial edge of internal carotid artery paraspinal (scalenius) m
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level V
Level V
CRANIAL Cranial edge of body of hyoid bone
CAUDAL CT slice encompassing the transverse cervical vesselsb
ANTERIOR Post edge of the sternocleidomastoid m
POSTERIOR Ant border of the trapezius m
LATERAL Platysma m skin
MEDIAL Paraspinal (levator scapulae splenius capitis) m
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Level VI
Level VI
CRANIAL Caudal edge of body of thyroid cartilage
CAUDAL Sternal manubrium
ANTERIOR Skin platysma m
POSTERIOR Separation between trachea and esophagus
LATERAL Medial edges of thyroid gland skin and ant-medial edge of sternocleidomastoid m
MEDIAL na
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-
Retropharyngeal nodes
Retropharyngeal
CRANIAL Base of skull
CAUDAL Cranial edge of the body of hyoid bone
ANTERIOR Fascia under the pharyngeal mucosa
POSTERIOR Prevertebral m (longus colli longus capitis)
LATERAL Medial edge of the internal carotid artery
MEDIAL Midline
- Surface Markings amp Vertebral Levels
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Neck
- Slide 11
- Triangles of the Neck
- The Anterior Region of the Neck
- The Nuchal Region
- Left and Right Lateral Portions of the Neck
- The Posterior Triangle
- Position of Nodes
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Tonsils
- Gluteal Region
- The Thigh
- Thigh and Knee
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
- Slide 67
- Slide 68
- Slide 69
- Slide 70
- Slide 71
- Slide 72
- Level Ia
- Level Ib
- Level IIa
- Level IIb
- Level III
- Level IV
- Level V
- Level VI
- Retropharyngeal nodes
-