Table 1: Details of individuals used in present study and their respective location.

Sample name Voucher

Number

Locality GenBank Accession numbers

cyt b 12S RAG-1 PDC

Cyrtodactylus

ayeyawardyensis

CAS

216446

vic. Kanthaya Beach, Rakhine State,

Myanmar

- - EU268287 EU268317

Cyrtodactylus consobrinus LLG 4062 Niah Cave, Sarawak, Malaysia - - EU268288 EU268318

Cyrtodactylus loriae FK 7709 N slope of Mt. Simpson, Bunisi,

Milne Bay Province, Papua New

Guinea

- - EU268289 EU268319

Hemidactylus agrius E1708.2 Dom Expedito Lopes, Piaui, Brazil DQ120261 DQ120432 - -

Hemidactylus angulatus 1 E1708.15 Kajiado District, Rift valley, Kenya DQ120241 DQ120412 - -

Hemidactylus angulatus 2 20HbrSt Santiago, Cape Verde islands, Cape

Verde

DQ120230 DQ120401 - -

Hemidactylus angulatus 3 E1708.12 Malabo, Bioko island, Equatorial

Guinea

DQ120218 DQ120389 - -

Hemidactylus bouvieri 1 2HbouBo Boavista, Cape Verde islands, Cape

Verde

DQ120251 DQ120422 - -

Hemidactylus bouvieri 2 1HbouS Sal, Cape Verde islands, Cape Verde DQ120247 DQ120418 - -

Hemidactylus bowringii 1 E1109.6 Shan State, Myanmar DQ120285 DQ120456 - -

Hemidactylus bowringii 2 E170810 Nujiang Prefacture, Yunnan, China DQ120286 DQ120457 - -

Hemidactylus bowringii 3 E1708.8 Mingalardon Township, Yangon

Division, Myanmar

DQ120287 DQ120458 - -

Hemidactylus bowringii 5 CAS

228109

Liuku, Nujang District, Yunnan

Province, China

- - EU268313 EU268343

Hemidactylus bowringii 6 CAS

206649

Alaungdau Kathapa Natl. Park,

Sagaing Division, Myanmar

- - EU268312 EU268342

Hemidactylus brasiliana E1209.4 Dom Expedito Lopes, Piaui, Brazil DQ120257 DQ120428 - -

Hemidactylus brasilianus MZUSP

92493

Parque Nacional Serra das

Confusões, Piauí, Brazil

- - EU268290 EU268320

Hemidactylus brookii 1 Hemb22b Mauritius DQ120272 DQ120443 - -

Hemidactylus brookii 10 LLG 6755 Empan-gon Air Hitam, Pulau

Pinang, Malaysia

- - EU268305 EU268335

Hemidactylus brookii 11 LLG 6754 Empan-gon Air Hitam, Pulau

Pinang, Malaysia

- - EU268304 EU268334

Hemidactylus brookii 12 CAS

206638

Mandalay Division, Myanmar - - EU268314 EU268344

Hemidactylus brookii 2 E1109.11 Kollam, Kerala, India DQ120273 DQ120444 - -

Hemidactylus brookii 3 E1708.17 Mingalardan, Yangon Division,

Myanmar

DQ120274 DQ120445 - -

Hemidactylus brookii 4 E1708.18 Kyauk Pan Tawn, Mandalay DQ120275 DQ120446 - -

Division, Myanmar

Hemidactylus cf. angulatus 4 MVZ

245438

Nkwanta, Togo Hills, Nigeria - - EU268306 EU268336

Hemidactylus fasciatus 1 E1708.21 Luba, Equatorial Guinea DQ120265 DQ120436 - -

Hemidactylus fasciatus 2 WRB no

number

Rabi, Gabon - - EU268309 EU268339

Hemidactylus fasciatus 3 CAS

207777

3.6 km N of Luba, Bioko Island,

Equatorial Guinea

- - EU268310 EU268340

Hemidactylus flaviviridis 1 E1708.22 Fujairah, UAE DQ120283 DQ120454 - -

Hemidactylus flaviviridis 2 E912.2 Hadibu, Socotra island, Yemen DQ120284 DQ120455 - -

Hemidactylus flaviviridis 8 FMNH

245515

Punjab Province, Pakistan - - EU268294 EU268324

Hemidactylus flaviviridis 9 ID 7626 Kuldhara, Rajasthan, India - - EU268295 EU268325

Hemidactylus frenatus 1 E509.6 Kauai, Hawaii islands, USA DQ120277 DQ120448 - -

Hemidactylus frenatus 10 AMB 7420 Rathegala, Sri Lanka - - EU268298 EU268328

Hemidactylus frenatus 2 E509.7 Kauai, Hawaii islands, USA DQ120278 DQ120449 - -

Hemidactylus frenatus 3 E509.3 Puerto Carreno, Colombia DQ120279 DQ120450 - -

Hemidactylus frenatus 4 E509.1 Mwe Hauk, Ayeyarwade Division, DQ120280 DQ120451 - -

Myanmar

Hemidactylus frenatus 5 E509.2 Mandalay Division, Myanmar DQ120281 DQ120452 - -

Hemidactylus frenatus 6 E509.5 Thiruvananthapuram, India DQ120282 DQ120453 - -

Hemidactylus frenatus 8 LLG 6745 Empan-gon Air Hitam, Pulau

Pinang, Malaysia

- - EU268297 EU268327

Hemidactylus frenatus 9 AMB 7411 Pidipitiya, Sri Lanka - - EU268296 EU268326

Hemidactylus garnotii 1 E509.20 Alaungdaw Kathapa, Sagaing

Province, Myanmar

DQ120288 DQ120459 - -

Hemidactylus garnotii 2 E509.10 Dade Co., Florida, USA DQ120290 DQ120461 - -

Hemidactylus garnotii 3 E509.8 Yangon Division, Myanmar DQ120292 DQ120463 - -

Hemidactylus garnotii 4 CAS

223286

Ma Ei Ywa Ma Village, Taung Gok

Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar

- - EU268302 EU268332

Hemidactylus garnotii 5 CAS

222276

Kyait Hti Yo Wildlife Sactuary,

Mon State, Kyaihto Township,

Myanmar

- - EU268303 EU268333

Hemidactylus greeffii 2 CAS

219044

Praia da Mutamba, São Tome

Island, São Tome and Principe

- - EU268308 EU268338

Hemidactylus greefii 1 E7014.4 Principe, Sao Tome and Principe DQ120243 DQ120414 - -

Hemidactylus haitianus 1 HhaitiS Matanzas, Matanzas province, Cuba DQ120217 DQ120388 - -

Hemidactylus haitianus 2 CAS

198442

near Santo Domingo, Nacional Dist.,

Dominican Republic

- - EU268311 EU268341

Hemidactylus imbricatus 1a JS 11 Pakistan (captive specimen) EU268385 EU268292 EU268322

Hemidactylus imbricatus 1 a A. M.

Bauer29(A)

captive animal DQ852724

Hemidactylus imbricatus 2 a JFBM 2 Pakistan (captive specimen) - - EU268293 EU268323

Hemidactylus karenorum 1 E509.19 Mandalay Division, Myanmar DQ120293 DQ120464 - -

Hemidactylus karenorum 2 CAS

210670

Popa Mt. Park, Kyaukpadaung

Township, Mandalay Division,

Myanmar

- - EU268301 EU268331

Hemidactylus longicephalus E7014.5 Sao Tome´, Sao Tome and Principe DQ120245 DQ120416 - -

Hemidactylus mabouia 1 E609.9 Praia da Pipa, Rio Grande do Norte,

Brazil

DQ120204 DQ120375 - -

Hemidactylus mabouia 2 32HbouSV Sao Vicente, Cape Verde islands,

Cape Verde

DQ120186 DQ120357 - -

Hemidactylus mabouia 3 MCZ R-

184446

Limpopo Province, South Africa - - EU268300 EU268330

Hemidactylus modestus E1109.7 Kijiado District, Rift Valley

Province, Kenya

DQ120215 DQ120386 - -

Hemidactylus palaichthus LSUMZ H- Roraima State, Brazil - - EU268307 EU268337

12421

Hemidactylus persicus 1 E7014.12 4.5 km N. of Tanuf, Wilayat Nizwa,

Oman

DQ120166 DQ120337 - -

Hemidactylus persicus 3 CAS

227612

Wadi Tanuf, 4.5 km N. of Tanuf,

Wilayat Nazwa,Oman

- - EU268316 EU268346

Hemidactylus platycephalus1 E609.16 Kijiado District, Rift Valley, Kenya DQ120270 DQ120441 - -

Hemidactylus platycephalus2 E609.15 Kajiado District, Rift Valley, Kenya DQ120269 DQ120440 - -

Hemidactylus platyurus 1 E29104.2 Gon Nyin, Sagaing Division,

Myanmar

DQ120294 DQ120465 - -

Hemidactylus platyurus 2 E29104.5 Alaungdaw Kathapa NP, Sagaing

Division, Myanmar

DQ120295 DQ120466 - -

Hemidactylus platyurus 3 E29104.4 Khim Aye Village, Sagaing

Division, Myanmar

DQ120296 DQ120467 - -

Hemidactylus platyurus 4 KU 304111 Lubang, Philippines - - EU268291 EU268321

Hemidactylus robustus MVZ

248437

40 km South of Mipur Sakro, Thatta

District, Pakistan

- - EU268315 EU268345

Hemidactylus turcicus 1 E28104.10 Dair al Khaf, Jordan (vouhcer in

National Museum, Prague)

DQ120165 DQ120336 - -

Hemidactylus turcicus 2 LSUMZ H-

1981

Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA - - EU268299 EU268329

Hemidactylus yerburyii E1109.12 Najran, Saudi Arabia DQ120207 DQ120378 - -

Pachydactylus turneri Pcla Richtersveldt, NW Cape Province,

South Africa

AF184990 AF186118 - -

Tarentola americana Tamer Guanta´namo, Cuba AF184991 AF186119 - -

Tarentola boettgeri 1 CA11GC Arinaga, Gran Canaria, Canary

islands, Spain

AF184997 AF186125 - -

Tarentola boettgeri 2 CA17H Los Llanillos, El Hierro, Canary

islands, Spain

AF184999 AF186127 - -

‘a’ indicates the Hemidactylus species restricted to Indian subcontinent.

Table 2: List of Primers used:

Primer Sequence Length

Cytochrome b (cyt b)

CB1L-14817 5’-CCA TCC AAC ATC TCA GCA TGA TGA

AA-3’

303 bp

CB2H-15175 5’-CCC TCA GAA TGA TAT TTG TCC TCA-3’

12S ribosomal RNA (12S)

12S L1201 5'- AAA CTG GGA TTA GAT ACC CCA CTA

T- 3'

350 bp

12S H1486 5'-GAG GGT GAC GGG CGG TGT GT-3'

Recombination activating gene-1 (RAG-1)

RAG1 F700 5’-GGAGACATGGACACAATCCATCCTAC-3’ 650 bp

R18 5’-GATGCTGCCTCGGTCGGCCACCTTT-3’

R13 5’- TCTGAATGGAAATTCAAGCTGTT-3’ 650 bp

RAG1 R700 5’-TTTGTACTGAGATGGATCTTTTTGCA-3’

Phosducin (PDC)

PHOF2 5’-AGATGAGCATGCAGGAGTATGA-3’ 450 bp

PHOR1 5’-TCCACATCCACAGCAAAAAACTCCT-3’

Table 3: Thermo cycler profile used for amplification of genes.

PCR Product Length PCR Profile

Mitochondrial Genes

cyt b 303 bp 94°C: 5 minutes, (94°C: 30 seconds, 48°C: 45 seconds, 72°C: 1 minute)

x 35 cyles, 72°C: 5 minutes, Hold at 4°C

12S 399 bp 94°C: 5 minutes, (94°C: 30 seconds, 48°C: 45 seconds, 72°C: 1 minute)

x 35 cyles, 72°C: 5 minutes, Hold at 4°C

Nuclear Genes

RAG-1 650 bp (94°C: 3 minutes, 48°C or 55°C: 45 seconds, 72°C: 1 minute),(94°C:

30 seconds, 48°C or 55°C: 45 seconds, 72°C: 1 minute) x 35 cyles,

72°C: 6 minutes, Hold at 4°C.

PDC 450 bp 95°C: 12 minutes, (94°C: 1 minute, 56°C: 1 minute, 72°C: 1 minute) x

35 cyles, 72°C: 5 minutes, Hold at 4°C.