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Supervison in Teaching & Learning Slides
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SUPERVISION OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Instructional Leaderhip( EDM 703 )
Faculty of Education Lecturer : Prof. Dr. Gurnam Kaur Sidhu
Prepared By : Noor Azreen JalaludinMatric No : (UB 2013557299)
CONTENTCONTENT WHAT IS SUPERVISION PURPOSE OF SUPERVISION PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION ROLES OF SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES TYPES OF SUPERVISION ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION
CONTENTCont.... WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SUPERVISION MAIN FOCUS IN SUPERVISION 6 MAJOR CONCEPTION OF SUPERVISION
IN THE MODERN LITERATURE ISSUES
TEACHING & LEARNING
Teaching is a skill that can be improved and teachers are at different developmental levels. Learning is commonly defined as a process that brings together cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences and experiences for acquiring, enhancing, or making changes in one's knowledge, skills, values, and world views (Illeris, 2000; Ormorod, 1995). Learning as a process focuses on what happens when the learning takes place.
The success of a school depends on supervision "is the function in schools that draws together the discrete elements of instructional effectiveness into whole-school action"
According to Glickman Et Al (1998 )
SUPERVISION
WHAT IS SUPERVISION
Supervision is a process of facilitating the professional growth of a teacher primarily by giving the teacher feedback about classroom interactions and helping the teacher make use of that feedback in order to make teaching more effective
cont...
“Supervision is assistance for the improvement of instruction. This definition allows supervision to be viewed as a function and process rather than a role or position.”
Agree / Not agree Why ?
Purpose of Supervision Classroom teachers providing feedback identfying needs for staff
development identfying potential for
promotion conducting quality
assurance checks ensuring teacher motivation
and morale providing professional
support&guidance to the teacher
Management (teacher is
operating)
attending to the welfare of teachers
checking on the availability of teaching learning materials.
assessing staff levels promoting curriculum
change&innovation timetabling
Principles of Supervision
• 1. People must always understand clearly what is expected of them.
• 2. People must have guidance in their work (information, techniques enabling better work, coaching, and personality improvement suggestions).
• 3. Good work always should be recognized.
• 4. Poor work deserves constructive criticism.
cont...
• 5. People should have opportunities to show that they can accept greater responsibility.
• 6. People should be encouraged to improve themselves.
• 7. People should work in a safe and healthful environment.
Supervisor's 90% -guidance10% -
performance appraisal
Identfying the potentials of subordinates.
Role & Responsibilities of Supervisor
• Supervisor is a interlink between management & teachers/workers
"is a KEY person in any organization" "a person who instructs,directs and control the teachers in the performance of their duties.
Roles & Responsibilities
Supervisor
GuidanceMotivator
Link
Listener
Coach/Communicator
Observe
Evaluator
Record
Plan
Analyze
Set an example
TYPES OF SUPERVISIONClinical Supervision
Peer Review Supervision
Informal Supervision
Self Reflection Supervision
Administrative Supervision
• Harris and Bessent define supervision from
administrative perspective as :• “what a school personnel do with
adults for the purpose of maintaining and changing the operation of the school in oerder to directly influence the attainment of major instructional goals of the school.”
Who is Responsible to Supervisor ?
• Typical supervisors are school principals, assistant principals, instructional lead teachers, department heads, master teachers, teachers, program directors, central office consultants and coordinators, and associate or assistant superintendents.
Ethical Of SupervisionRespect for the
Dignity of Person
Responsible Caring
Integrity in Relationships
Responsibility to Society
Main focus in Supervision
• Techical
• Clinical
• Personal
• Critical
Technical Competency• Understanding of teaching approaches
• Specific skills
• Selection of content from curriculum
• class management /• enhance your organization’s ability to
deliver quality supervision
Clinical Competency
• " face to face contact with teachers with the intent of improving instruction and increasing professional growth"
• develop new skill and strategies
• management/enhance your organization’s ability to deliver quality supervision
Personal CompetencySelf Awareness
Team dynamic
Professional Style
Interpretative Skills
Critical Competency
• Emphasizing quality
• make decisions in a critical
• make an ethical stance
At least six major conceptions of supervision are found in the modern literature:
1. Supervision as an act of administration
2. Supervision as an act of curriculum3. Supervision as an instructional
function4. Supervision as an act of human
relations5. Supervision as management6. Supervision as a generic leadership
role.
ISSUES- Most teachers
react defensively and hostilely towards supervision.
- Most teachers view supervision as a threat.
cont...(Issues)
• Not focusing on the improvement of Not focusing on the improvement of instructioninstruction
• Not having a strong human Not having a strong human relationshiprelationship
• Not preparing yet to help them in the Not preparing yet to help them in the study of teaching study of teaching
cont.. Control Boring Paperwork Bureaucrat Authority Irrelevant Intimidating Stress Unrealistic
Summary• Supervision is
important in teaching and learning
• Effective supervision is an important way of improving staff performance and reducing the time spent on school problems.
Good Suprvisor is a powerful motivator
References:• Teaching Supervision Chapter 37 by;Bernard J.
Badiali• Supervision of instruction by; Glickman,Carl
D,Gordon StephennP,and Ross Gardon (1998)• Article by SM Kilminster & BC Folly U.K(2000)-
Effective Supervision in clinical practice• Part 2, Chapter 1, Clinical Supervision and
Professional • http://www.faculty.londondeanery.ac.uk/e-
learning/supervision