Supermassive Black Holes Course 689 Presentation by Yan Shi Nov 5, 2009.
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Transcript of Supermassive Black Holes Course 689 Presentation by Yan Shi Nov 5, 2009.
![Page 1: Supermassive Black Holes Course 689 Presentation by Yan Shi Nov 5, 2009.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649cf45503460f949c2c41/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Supermassive Black Holes
Course 689 Presentationby Yan Shi
Nov 5, 2009
![Page 2: Supermassive Black Holes Course 689 Presentation by Yan Shi Nov 5, 2009.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649cf45503460f949c2c41/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and their host Galaxies1
Laura Ferrarese, David Merritt (Published August 2000)
Beyond the Bulge: A Fundamental Relation BetweenSupermassive Black Holes and Dark Matter Halos
Laura Ferrarese(Published October 2002)
Note 1: 1501 citations to date
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• MBH and σc relation (Ferrarese & Merritt 2000)
• MBH and MDM relation (Ferrarese 2002)
• MBH and Mtot relation using gravitational lensing data (Bandara et al 2009)
• Possible explanations of MBH – Mtot relation
Outline of the Presentation
σc : Velocity dispersion at central bulgeMDM ≈ Mtot
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MBH versus Bulge Central Velocity Dispersion (Ferrarese & Merritt 2000)
• First study of the relation between MBH and the stellar velocity dispersion of the host galaxy.
• Two group samples of galaxies:– Group A: Reliable MBH estimates including MW ,
NGC 4525, and 10 galaxies from HST observations.– Group B: Less accurate MBH data from ground
based observations of stellar kinematics.
MW : motion of stars in Sagittarius A NGC 4525 : water maser
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Strong MBH - σc correlation; weaker MBH - luminosity correlation.Indication of stronger relation with Mtot not just baryons.
Sample A (reliable data) Sample A (reliable data)
Sample B Sample B MBH versus Bulge Absolute Blue Luminosity (Left)
MBH versus σc (Right)
Correlation between MBH and Bulge Central Velocity Dispersion σc
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MBH versus Vrms (open circles, dashed line).
MBH versus Bulge Central Velocity Dispersion (filled circles, solid line)
Since R(Vrms) RBH , the MBH – Vrms relation is not caused by the influence of the BH on stellar kinematics.
Strong Correlation between MBH and Vrms(Vrms measured at re/4)
re : effective radius, include half image light
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Circular velocity Vc - σc Relation(Ferrarese June,2002)
Vc is measured beyond R25 where the rotation curve is flat.
R(Vc) > R(Vrms) R(σc )
Vc is determined by MDM
The Vc - σc Relation provides the link between MBH and MDM .
![Page 8: Supermassive Black Holes Course 689 Presentation by Yan Shi Nov 5, 2009.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649cf45503460f949c2c41/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The MBH and MDM Relation(Ferrarese June,2002)
The MBH - MDM Relation is obtained by converting Vc into MDM .
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The MBH – Mtot Relation by Gravitational Lensing(Bandara et al 2009)
Ferrarese 2002
Bandara et al 2009
Gravitational lensing provides a more robust method to determine Mtot . No conversion of velocity to mass required.
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How does the entire galaxy know what is
the mass of the BH at the center?
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+ + . . . =Richstone et al, 1997, 189th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society.
Possible Explanation : Building Blocks Idea
• The first objects formed in the universe were not stars.• Larger number of identical building blocks merged and
formed into a galaxy. They provided seed black holes to coalesce into a single, massive black hole in the center of the galaxy.
Can explain the MBH – Mtot relation. Need to explain how the identical building blocks were formed.
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• Radiation from the accretion disk applies pressure to the in-falling particles.
• Silk & Rees 1998 and king 2003 were able to calculate σc for a given BH mass. MBH σc
5 (Silk & Rees)
MBH σc4 (King)
Possible Explanation : Quasar, AGN Idea
Obtain the MBH – σc relation, not the MBH – Mtot relation.
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An Engineer’s view : Servo loop
• In order to build the MBH – Mtot relation need to have– Communications (between BH and rest of the
system) – Feedback (able to add or reduce mass from the
BH)
There is no efficient way to remove matter from a BH. The Servo Loop idea does not work.
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Summary
• Ferrarese & Merritt 2000 was the pioneer work to point out the MBH - σc relation.
• The relation was expanded to link with Mtot by Ferrarese in 2002.
• More observations including gravitational lensing confirm the MBH – Mtot relation.
• There is no satisfactory explanation of the relation other than observations as of today.
MBH – σc – Vrms – Vc – Mtot
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Backup Slides
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Tremaine April,2002
More Results on MBH and Velocity Dispersion Relation