superconductivity and its applications
-
Upload
santhosh-kumar -
Category
Education
-
view
15.202 -
download
7
description
Transcript of superconductivity and its applications
![Page 1: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SUPER CONDUCTIVITY
& ITS APPLICATION
![Page 2: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TODAY WE ARE GOING TO DISCUSS ABOUT
Super conductivity General properties
Observations regardingApplications
![Page 3: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Super conductor are the material having almost zero resistivity and behave as diamagnetic below the super conducting transition temperature.
Super conductors are PERFECT conductors.
ABSTRACT
![Page 4: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
GENERAL PROPERTIES OF SUPERCONDUCTORS Virtually zero electrical resistance.
Perfect diamagnetic property.
Critical field depends upon temperature of superconducting material.
Heavy current effect destroys superconductivity properties.
At very high pressure Tc is directly proportional to pressure.
Tc is inversely proportional to square root of At.wt of the isotope of single superconductor.
![Page 5: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
THEORIES OF SUPER CONDUCTIVITY
LONDON THEORY -1935
GINZBURG-LANDAU THEORY – 1950
BARDEEN, COOPER, SCHRIEFFER THEORY - 1957
![Page 6: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
BCS THEORYPrinciple:
The electron experience a special kind of attractive interaction, over coming the coulombs force of repulsion between them, as a result cooper pairs are formed.
At low temperature , these pairs move through lattice without resistance and hence behave as superconductor.
![Page 7: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Super conductor lattice
![Page 8: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Due to attract of electron by positive charge, ions in conductor is disturbed
![Page 9: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Ions attracted by positive charges
![Page 10: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Due to deformation positive charge increased
![Page 11: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Electrons get attracted due to increased positive charges
![Page 12: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Cooper pairs formed
![Page 13: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ADVANTAGES Can carry large quantities of energy without
heat loss.
Able to generate strong magnetic fields.
Superconductors beneficial applications in medical imaging techniques.
New superconductive films may result in miniaturization .
Superconductors increased speed in computer chips.
![Page 14: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
DISADVANTAGE
Superconducting materials conduct current at only given temperature known as transition temperature.
Superconductors still do not show up in most everyday electronics.
![Page 15: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
JOSEPH DEVICESPrinciple:
Persistent current in D.C voltage.
Construction:A thin layer of insulators is placed between the
superconductors.Both superconductors are connected to a battery .
Working :LET US SEE THE WORKING OF JOSEPH
DEVICE IN THE SUCCEEDING SLIDES.
![Page 16: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Josephson devices
![Page 17: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Voltage V applied across super conductor 1
![Page 18: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Current increases due to tunneling effect
![Page 19: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
APPLICATIONS OF SUPER CONDUCTIVITY
Super conducting generator
Super conducting transmission line cables
Superconducting magnetic energy storage system (smes)
![Page 20: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SUPER CONDUCTING GENERATOR
Converts mechanical to electrical energy.
Own magnetic field is produced.
Current and flux density determines the output.
Field windings produces higher magnetic field.
Superconductors have extremely high current carrying capacity.
![Page 21: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
SUPER CONDUCTING TRANSMISSION LINE CABLES Provides ZERO resistance.
Due to LOW VOLTAGE, high current transmission occurs.
SMALL physical size.
Reduced CLEARANCE for terminal faculties.
Quick RECOVERY after fault.
Overload capability.
![Page 23: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETIC ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM (SMES) Current carrying wire generates a
magnetic field.
Superconducting solenoids made by wrapping a superconducting wire in the coil from are functionally superior to conventional solenoids.
Zero DC electrical resistance.
No resistive losses.
![Page 24: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Super conducting speaker
Super Conducting Tube Direct-Plug Solar Water Heater
Magnetically levitating trains
![Page 26: superconductivity and its applications](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052619/555aafa0d8b42ad0538b4f66/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
LET US FINISH THE PRESENTATION WITH AN INTERESTING CLIPThank you !