High-Temperature Superconducting Generators for Direct Drive Applications
Superconducting Generators for Large Wind Turbines
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Transcript of Superconducting Generators for Large Wind Turbines
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Superconducting Generators for Large Wind Turbines
Markus MuellerOzan Keysan – Joe Burchell
[email protected]@ed.ac.uk
Institute for Energy SystemsThe University of Edinburgh
19/03/2012
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Motivation
BARD 5MWGlobal Offshore Wind Energy Markets and Strategies,2009
In 2020, 85% of offshore wind turbine installations will be larger than 5 MW
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Wind Turbines: Constantly Growing How big?
UpWind Project: A 20 MW Wind Turbine is Feasible
www.upwind.eu
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Mass of Direct-Drive Generators
Harakosan 1.5MW,18 rpm,47 tonnes
(*) D. Bang et.al. “Review of Generator Systems for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines,” 2008,
All data available at goo.gl/ZZivv
Enercon4.5 MW, 13 rpm220 tonnes
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Reliability of Wind Turbines
Hahn, B., & Durstewitz, M. (2007). Wind Energy-Reliability of Wind Turbines.
~1MW, 1500 onshore turbines
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Types of HTS Machines Rotating DC Superconducting Field
Most Common Type Transient Torques on HTS wire Cryocooler Coupler + Electrical Brushes
Low Reliability + Maintenance Magnetized Bulk HTS
Very Difficult to Handle Demagnetization?
All Superconducting Machines AC Losses on HTS wire
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Reliability?
Cooling System Cryogenic Couplers Electric Brushes Transient torques on SC Demagnetization for
Bulk SC AC losses on SC wire
Issues with Superconducting GeneratorsSeaTitan
AMSC, 10 MW, 10 rpmDirect-drive superconducting generator
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Homopolar HTSG
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Homopolar HTSG Pros
Stationary SC Field No Brushes No Transient Torque
on SC Simplified Cooling,
Isolation
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Homopolar HTSG
Cons Uni-directional flux
density Reduced power
density
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Bipolar HTSG
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Bipolar HTSG
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Bipolar HTSG Pros
Bidirectional Flux Increased Power
Density Cons
Double SC field winding
Mechanical Issues
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Transverse Flux HTSG
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Pros Single Stationary SC Coil Bidirectional flux High Torque Density
Cons Magnetic Attraction
Forces 3D Flux (Soft magnetic
composites needed)
Transverse Flux HTSG
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3D FEA Verification
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Main Specifications
Power Output
70 kW
Speed 100 rpm
Diameter 1.3 mAxial Length 0.5 mSC Wire Current
216 A
SC Wire Length
880 m
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Next Stage: Linear Prototype
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Next Stage: Linear Prototype
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Some Publications "A Homopolar HTSG Topology for Large Direct-Drive Wind Turbines",
Keysan O., and Mueller M., 2011. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 21(5), 3523 - 3531. doi:10.1109/TASC.2011.2159005.
"Superconducting Generators for Renewable Energy Applications", Keysan O., and Mueller M., 2011, IET Renewable Power Generation Conference, Edinburgh.
"A Transverse Flux High-Temperature Superconducting Generator Topology for Large Direct Drive Wind Turbines", Keysan O., and Mueller M., 2011. Superconductivity Centennial Conference, 2011, Den Haag, The Netherlands.
THANKS