Sununtar Setboonsarng - How Biofuel Can Enhance Food Security for the Poor

8/6/2019 Sununtar Setboonsarng - How Biofuel Can Enhance Food Security for the Poor

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How Biofuel can Enhance FoodSecurity for the Poor in the GreaterMekong Subregion(GMS)

Sununtar Setboonsarng,Southeast Asia Department Asian Development Bank

Asia Clean Energy Forum 201120-24 June, 2011, ADB, Philippines


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Outline

Opportunities and Challenges of biofuel

Agriculture, Biomass and ClimateChange ADB program and invitation for

stakeholder participation


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Energy and Food Security Energy is essential for economic

growth, particularly inclusive growth Food is foundation of life Rural population of the GMS face both

energy and food insecurity


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Opportunities for Biofuel

Reduction of Green House Gas(GHG) intransport sector

Lower import bill for fossil fuel New employment opportunity Higher price for agricultural products for

farmers Trading potentials for inclusive supply

chain


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Challenges

Higher food price Disproportionate share of benefits Expansion of cropland onto sensitive areas Increased use of agrochemicals Soil degradation Overstress water supply Loss of biodiversity Introduction of GMO


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Large-scale Plantation


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Current Situation in GMS

countries Large-scale contract farming by foreignfirms

Short-term, high payoff investments byagro-processing plants Rapid environmental destruction and

marginalization of small-scale farmers


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Food Insecurity

40% of arable land hasdeteriorated

Water shortage Climate change is affecting food

security


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Food or Fuel?
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Price Trend of Biofuel and Alternative Energy Sources

U S $ / u n i t e n e r g y

Price trend (time)

Biofuel

Alternative energy:solar, wind...


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ADB Policy in Supporting Biofuel

(i) the base crop used is not a food crop;(ii) the land cannot be used for food crops;(iii) the project does not result in

deforestation, and(iv) the energy balance is positive


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Win-Win Strategy?


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Best Candidate: Jathropa Intercropping with Jathropa will

improve crop yields and socio-economicconditions of the rural poor with

increased incomes


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Jatropha in Small-scaleIntegrated System


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The Jatropha System

Jatropha plant

Branches,

twigs

Seeds

Oil cake

Soap

Biochar

Biogas/syngas

Biodiesel

FOOD

SECURITY

Electricity

Bio-jetengine

CLEANER

ENERGY
http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00WBJQoyYcEGkM/Gas-Kerosene-Powered-Water-Pump-LT20CX-168Fk-.jpg&imgrefurl=http://lutian.en.made-in-china.com/product/DodQhyTcnAkM/China-Gas-Kerosene-Powered-Water-Pump-LT20CX-168Fk-.html&usg=__FIzoS8O_E4jKGfcleKoUXFNav6E=&h=474&w=474&sz=66&hl=tl&start=9&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=1FCv_cJq4RlZ3M:&tbnh=129&tbnw=129&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dwater%2Bpump%26hl%3Dtl%26safe%3Dactive%26biw%3D1003%26bih%3D530%26gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&ei=BZECTtTJEILKrAfooMmGAwhttp://www.gekgasifier.com/nggallery/page-3101/image/1506/


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Jathropa for Energy and FoodSecurity

Jathropa oil for farm machinery,transportation, and electricity

Jathropa oil for biodeisel for airline industry

Jathropa cake (seedcake left after oilextraction) for high grade nitrogen rich organicfertilizer

Jathropa twigs for biochar and biogas Integrated systems are more resilience to

climate change


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Effects of Biochar


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The Jatropha System

Jatropha plant

Branches,

twigs

Seeds

Oil cake

Soap

Biochar

Biogas/syngas

Biodiesel

FOOD

SECURITY

Electricity

Bio-jetengine

CLEANER

ENERGY
http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00WBJQoyYcEGkM/Gas-Kerosene-Powered-Water-Pump-LT20CX-168Fk-.jpg&imgrefurl=http://lutian.en.made-in-china.com/product/DodQhyTcnAkM/China-Gas-Kerosene-Powered-Water-Pump-LT20CX-168Fk-.html&usg=__FIzoS8O_E4jKGfcleKoUXFNav6E=&h=474&w=474&sz=66&hl=tl&start=9&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=1FCv_cJq4RlZ3M:&tbnh=129&tbnw=129&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dwater%2Bpump%26hl%3Dtl%26safe%3Dactive%26biw%3D1003%26bih%3D530%26gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&ei=BZECTtTJEILKrAfooMmGAwhttp://www.gekgasifier.com/nggallery/page-3101/image/1506/


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Proposed ADB Program for

Bioenergy in the GMS 2011 : Regional Capacity BuildingTechnical Assistance (R-CDTA) to pilotscale up investment programs ($4.6mil-financed by NDF

2012: Pipeline project preparatorytechnical assistant($1.5 mil-finance byJapan Asia Clean Energy Fund)

2013: Pipeline Regional investmentproject ($80 mil-ADB and others)


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Proposed R-CDTA on Efficient

Utilization of Biomass forClimate-friendly Bioenergy andFood Security Project


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Proposed R-CDTA

Size: $4.6 million

Expected to be implementedbetween July 2011-Dec 2014

NGOs and Center of Excellences

are invited to participate


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Three Pathways Converting agricultural and forestry residues to

energy and organic fertilizers, including biochar;

Production of liquid biofuels from crops grown insmall-scale integrated farming systems andprovide market access to certified seeds; and

Use of improved cook stovesto reduce fuel demand andreduce black carbonemissions


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Impact and Outcome

Impact : Improved use of biomass in theGMS (focusing on Cambodia, Lao PDR,

and Viet Nam) Outcome : Efficiently operating pilot

projects in biomass use for scaling up inensuing regional investment project


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Enhanced regional cooperation in bioenergydevelopment to foster and safeguard food

security

Output 1


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Output 2

Pilot-tested climate-friendly biomassinvestment projects for widerimplementation


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Output 3 Enhanced capacity for efficient use of

biomass


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Output 4 Development and dissemination of

knowledge products


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Call for Stakeholder

Participation Inception Workshop planned for Q3

2011 Stakeholders participation and decision

making Studies to be prioritized Activities to be piloted


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Thank you for your

kind attention

www.adb.org

Sununtar Setboonsarng - How Biofuel Can Enhance Food Security for the Poor

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