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SUMMARY

I. HIJRA CALENDAR

Festivals/Special DaysAshura 10 MuharramMauludun Nabi (Prophets Birthday) 12 Rabial AwwalEidl Fitri (Hariraya Puasa) 1 ShawwalEidl Adha (Hariraya Hajji) 10 Jul HijjahAmun Jadid (Muslims New Year) 1 MuharramIsra wal Miraj (Prophets Night Journey and Ascension) 27 Rajab

II SALAT (PRAYER)CLASSIFICATION of Prayers

1.Fardhu Al-Ain prayer that id obligatory to individual Muslim.(Ex. Fardhu Subuh)2.Fardhu Al-Kifayah- prayer that is obligatory to a group. If performed by a group

others are free to perform it.(Example Salat Janazahwhich is prayer for the dead)3.Nafl sunnat/voluntary prayer that is commended for the uplift of ones soul and for

the acquirement ofspiritual benefits.(Salat Tahajjyud, Tahayat Masjid)

4.Sunnat Muakkadah( Stressed sunnat prayer) sunnat/voluntary prayer used tooffer by Prophet(SAW) daily without fail and was ordered to his follwers to do so. If one failed

to perform it, he is liable on the Day of Judgment.(Sunnat Before Fardhu Subuh)5.Sunnat Ghairil Muakkadah (Non-Stressed Sunnat Prayer)-- which the

Prophet(SAW) offered occasionally and desired his followers to do so.(Sunnat Before Isha)

NAFL (SUNNAT) PRAYER

No. ofRakaat

Salat Ishraq May be offered after sunrise 2 to 4

Salat Duha After Salat Ishraq 2 to 8

Salat Tahajjud Midnight after one has slept 4 to 12

Salat Kusuf During eclipse of the sun and moon 2

Salat Tarawih Offered in ten Salams during the month ofRamadhan

20

Salat Istikharah Consultation to Allah

Salat Tasbih Praises and glorification 4

Salat Hajat Prayer for need

Salat Taubah Prayer for penitence/repentance

Salat Istisqa Seeking for rain

Salat Marid Prayer of a sick person

Salat Khawf During times of danger or fear

Salat TahayatMasjid

Prayer on entering the mosque2

No. of days1 Muharram 30

2 Saffar 293 Rabial Awwal 304 Rabial Akhir 295 Jumadil Awwal 306 Jumadil Akhir 297 Rajab 308 Shaban 29/309 Ramadhan 30/2910 Shawwal 2911 Julkaidda 3012 Jul Hijjah 29

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Fardhu Prayer

NameNo. ofRakat

Subuh(Fajr) 2 At dawn or before sunrise

Zhuhur 4 Afternoon before Asr

Asr 4 After Zhuhur and before MaghribMaghrib 3 Just after sunset

Isha 4 Evening prayer

Fardhu Jumaah- - a congregation prayer every Friday.

III. ZAKATis an obligatory charity due on wealth and to be distributed to a specific groupof people at specific time.Sadaqahis a voluntary charity on property sincerely on any amount.Nisabis the minimum amount of property on which Zakat is due.(Note: There is NO Zakat due if the property will not reach its Nisab.)

Category/Kind NisabPercentage of

Zakat DueNo. of

Zakat

I. AgricuturalProducts

1. Grains andfruits

5 awsuq or 618 or700 kgs

If irrigated byrainfall

10%

If irrigated byLabor/capital 5%

II. Gold, Silver and

Paper Currency1. Gold2. Silver 3. Paper Currency

20 dinars or 85 g5 Awaq or 595 gEquals the valueof Gold or Silver

2.5%2.5%

2.5%

III. Merchandise forSale

Equals the valueof Gold or Silver 2.5%

IV. Livestocks Minimum Nisab

1. Camels2. Cattle

3. Sheep andgoats

5 camels30 cows

40 heads

1 female sheep1 One-year old

cow1 sheep

Persons deserving to receive Zakat1. Faqirpoor person who possesses half of his minimum needs or less. He is more

needy than the Miskin. He does not beg in the street.2. Miskinpoor person but is better than the Faqir.3. Collectors of Zakatthose who are assigned by the ruler of the Muslim state to

perform one of the duties necessary for the establishment of Zakat in the society suchas collecting it, storing it, distributing it, etc.

4. Weakly faithfulthose whose hearts are to be drawn close the Islam.5. To free slavesThose who are captured and sold to the rich people.6. In the way of Allahthose who are striving for the sake of Allah like seeking

knowledge or fighting for the cause of Allah, etc.7. Debtors those who have incurred debts and they are specified as responsible for the

discharge of those debts.8. Wayfarertraveler.

Those who are forbidden to receive Zakat1. Unbelievers and atheists2. Banu Hashim or the Family of Prophet (SAW)3. Fathers and sons, mothers and daughters

4. The wife

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Benefits of paying the Zakat1. Complying with the order of Allah.2. Multiplying the reward of ones good deeds.3. Proof for ones belief.4. Purification from the pollution of sins and degraded character.5. Increase of wealth and the presence of blessings in it and its protection from its evil.6. The giver of charity will be in the shade of his charity on the Day of Judgment.7. It is a cause for the Mercy of Allah.

IV. FASTING (SAWM)the abstinence from food, drinks, sexual intercourse andrefraining from evil saying/deeds on the Holy month ofRamadhan.It is done during the month of Ramadhan. It started when the crescent moon is seen onthe 29th day of Shaban. If not, Shaban will be completed for 30 days.

Things which break the fast1. Intentional eating and drinking.

2. Intentional vomiting.3. Sexual intercourse.4. Menstruation/post-partum bleeding.

Who are required to fast1. Every sane2. Muslim adult or those who reach the age of puberty3. Who are not traveling or residents

Who are exempted from fasting1. Insane2. Minors3. Who are traveling4. Menstruating woman5. Elderly6. Breast-feeding or pregnant woman

Qada- making up (repeating) the missed days of fasting.By those who are sick , traveling and menstruating for the same number of days.

KifaratExpiation of sins for those who commit sexual intercourse during the day offasting.Either of the three will suffice for his Kifarat:

1. Freeing the slaves2. Feeding sixty poor people3. Fasting for two consecutive months

Fidyafeeding for the poor Muslim who are fasting by the elderly Muslims who cannotafford to fast on the month of Ramadhan.

ItikafSeclusion in the Masjid for the last ten days/nights on the month of Ramadhan.

Kinds of Itikafa. Sunnat---voluntary for every Muslim to do or not to do the Itikaf.b. WajibIt beomes compulsory when one makes a vow to seclude in the Masjid to

draw himself closer to Allah

Things that nullify the Itikaf1.Leaving the Masjid without need intentionally2.Losing ones rationality3.Menstruation and post-partum bleeding

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