SULLAGE STABILIZATION POND SYSTEM FOR LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN RURAL AREAS BY
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Transcript of SULLAGE STABILIZATION POND SYSTEM FOR LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN RURAL AREAS BY
SULLAGE STABILIZATION POND SYSTEM
FORLIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN
RURAL AREAS
BYEr. V.S. SIWACH, CHIEF ENGINEER
PANCHAYATI RAJ PUBLIC WORKS, HARYANAAND
Er. SHANKAR JINDAL, SUPERINTENDING ENGINEER
PANCHAYATI RAJ PUBLIC WORKS, CHANDIGARH
Disposal of waste water – a major problem in
rural areas.
Stagnant waste water leads to Unabated growth – wild grass, hyacinth etc.
Unhygienic conditions
Bad odour
Breeding place for mosquitoes resulting in
spread of diseases like dengue, malaria etc.
Ponds in the villages were meant for cattles, clean water storage, ground water recharging etc.
Existing ponds converted into cess pools due to• Discharging of effluents from streets/ drains• Deposition of sullage – inhibits percolation• Growth of aquatic weeds due to nutrient
enrichment• Run-off from cow dung/ solid waste dumps
around the pond Capacity of the existing ponds also needs to
be increased.
Grey water Waste water from bathroom, kitchen (except
toilet). 90 % of the waste water in villages is grey
water. Requires less treatment than black water. Generally contain fewer pathogens.
Black water Waste water mixed with waste from toilets. Requires biological or chemical treatment and
disinfection before reuse.
Household level Management
• Kitchen Garden with piped root zone system
• Kitchen Garden without root zone system
• Leach Pit
• Soakage Pit
Community Level Management
At public places on site
• Plantation with intercepting chamber
• Community leach pit
• Soakway Channel
• Simple process of reuse of grey water
• Root Zone System
Off site Management
• Drainage System for collection and
transportation
• Final Treatment
- Sullage Stabilization Pond System
- Screening, Sedimentation and Filtration
system
- Stabilization Tank System
The system has three components:
Anaerobic Pond
Facultative Pond
Maturation Pond
SizesThe sizes of the ponds have to be calculated to commensurate with the retention time and the quality of effluents discharging from the village
Population Anaerobic Facultative Aerobic
1000 35’x24’x10’ 64’x21’x5’ 64’x21’x5’
2000 37’x25’x10’ 90’x30’x5’ 90’x30’x5’
3000 45’x30’x10;’ 110’x37’x5’ 110’x37’x5’
4000 60’x40’x10’ 143’x47’x5’ 143’x47’x5’
Note: Sizes may be increased as per site conditions/ sizes of existing ponds
Anaerobic PondShould have a depth of 10 feet.
Grey water reaching this pond has high solid content.
Retention Period - 2 days.
Solids - settle at the bottom and are digested anaerobically.
Partially clarified liquid – outflows into facultative pond.
Facultative Pond
Should have a depth of 5 feet.
Retention period is 3 to 5 days.
Oxidation of grey water takes place.
Upper layer - aerobic conditions.
Lower layer - anaerobic conditions.
Aeration from air through the surface
Oxidation due to oxygen liberated through
photosynthetic activity of algae growing in
the pond due to availability of plant
nutrients, from bacterial metabolism in water
and the incident light energy from sun.
The pond bacteria utilize the algal oxygen to
metabolise the organic content of grey water.
Maturation PondSize and retention time - same as facultative pond.
The stabilized water from facultative pond is led to this pond.
Main function is destruction of pathogens.
Conditions are wholly aerobic.
Existing ponds, if in abadi area, be revived for clean water storage, wherever feasible. Intercept drains/ nalas - to receive effluents
from streets/ drains and carry it away from the abadi area.
New ponds be dug up at suitable sites (keeping in view natural gradient of terrain and direction of air flow) for storage and treatment of effluents.
Wherever intercept drains/nalas are not feasible, existing ponds have to be remodeled for storage and treatment of effluents.
Diversion of waste water Draining out the pond De-silting of pond Construction of embankment Pipes and other fittings Provision of out flow for subsequent use in
agriculture/ horticulture/ fish farming/ ground water recharging etc.
Beautification and plantation.
Coverage of some villages (minimum one village per block) in each district as pilot project with the financial assistance of State Government.
Creating awareness, motivation, and sensitivity among Gram Panchayats/ Villagers to trigger the scheme.
Total coverage in a Mission Mode with active involvement of PRIs and dovetailing of funds under MGNREGA, TSC, PRI fund, MPLADS, local contribution etc.