Sucrose metabolism in developing northern red oak ( Quercus rubra ) acorns

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Sucrose metabolism in developing northern red oak (Quercus rubra) acorns Shi-Jean Susana Sung and Paul P. Kormanik Institute of Tree Root Biology USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA

description

Sucrose metabolism in developing northern red oak ( Quercus rubra ) acorns. Shi-Jean Susana Sung and Paul P. Kormanik Institute of Tree Root Biology USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA. Sink Strength (J Warren-Wilson, 1967). -1. Sink Strength (g d ) = - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Sucrose metabolism in developing northern red oak ( Quercus rubra ) acorns

Page 1: Sucrose metabolism in developing northern red oak ( Quercus rubra ) acorns

Sucrose metabolism in developing northern red oak (Quercus rubra)

acorns

Shi-Jean Susana Sung and Paul P. Kormanik

Institute of Tree Root Biology

USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA

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Sink Strength (J Warren-Wilson, 1967)

Sink Strength (g d ) = Sink Size (g) x Sink Activity (g g d )

-1

-1-1

Sink size: weight, volume, length, number of sinksSink type: vegetative, reproductive

Sink activity: import of C-14, turgor pressure, growth rate, respiration rate, enzyme activity

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SucroseUDP

Glc + Fru Glc + Fru Fru + UDP-Glc

123

Glc-6-P Fru-6-P

ATPADP

Glc-1-P

Glc-6-P

Fru-6-P

Fru-1,6-P2

Pyruvate

PPi

UTP

ATP

ADP

PPi

Pi

456

7

8

7

109

Enzymes

1) Sucrose synthase

2) Acid invertase

3) Neutral invertase

4) UDPglucopyrophosphorylase

5) Fructokinase

6) Glucokinase

7) Phosphoglucoseisomerase

8) Phosphoglucomutase

9) PPi-phosphofructokinase

10) ATP-phosphofructokinase

ATPADP

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S.S. Sung et al.

Plant Cell Environ (1994) 17, 419

Time course of Phaseolus vulgaris seed development

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S.S. Sung et al.

Plant Cell Environ (1994) 17, 419

Time course of development of a typical Phaseolus vulgaris fruit (one pod plus five seeds)

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Northern red oak seed orchard at Flint River Nursery, GAMay 2002

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June 7, 2002

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6-7 7-11 8-6 9-3 10-10

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Outside crownInside crown

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undeveloped

July 11, 2002

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aborted

July 11, 2002

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12 acorns

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acorn dropped

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Most acorns loose/dropped

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June 7, 2002: Acorns branches without leaves

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Acorn branches without leaves

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Acorn branches without leaves

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6-7 7-11 8-6 9-3 10-10

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5

10

15

20

25

Dia

me

ter,

mm

June July Aug Sept Oct

2002

Diameter Development ofNorthern Red Oak Acorns

Fruit

Cup

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Dry

We

igh

t, g

June July Aug Sept Oct

Dry Weight Development of Northern Red Oak Acorns

2002

FruitPericarpSeedCup

5

4

3

2

1

0

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0

20

40

60

80

100

PericarpSeedCup

June July Aug Sept Oct

2002

%

Fin

al

Dry

We

igh

tDry Weight Development of Northern Red Oak Acorns

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30

40

50

60

70

80CupPericarp

CotyledonsSeed coat

Mo

istu

re C

on

ten

t, %

June July Aug Sept Oct2002

Moisture Contents of DevelopingNorthern Red Oak Acorns

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0

20

40

60

80

100

% F

ruit

Dry

Wei

gh

t

June July Aug Sept Oct

2002

Dry Weight Allocation (%) in DevelopingNorthern Red Oak Acorns

Seed coat

Cotyledons

Pericarp

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0

20

40

60

80

100

% S

eed

Dry

Wei

gh

t

June July Aug Sept Oct

2002

Dry Weight Allocation (%) in DevelopingNorthern Red Oak Acorns

Seed coat

Cotyledons

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Date June 7 June 21 July 11 June 21 July 11

Tissue Pericarp Pericarp Pericarp Seed Seed

Avg DW, g 0.12 0.28 0.72 0.007 0.071

Avg MC, % 68 69 68 77 79

SS* 24 27 1 30 51UDPG PPiase 4488 4312 3265 938 2667

PPi-PFK 122 95 73 130 32ATP-PFK 68 57 97 16 27FK 64 73 59 46 47

GK 72 88 42 48 20

PGM 1262 1038 843 815 508

PGI 1241 1056 826 1215 508

* Enzyme specific activity: nmol min mg protein-1 -1

Sucrose metabolizing enzyme activities in developing northern red oak acorns

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May 2002

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July 26, 2002

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July 26, 2002

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