Succeeding with Technology Chapter 9
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Transcript of Succeeding with Technology Chapter 9
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Succeeding with Technology 4thed > Information, Decision Support>
Please discontinue use
of cell phone
and turn off the ringer.
Decision Making and Problem Solving
Management Information Systems
Decision Support Systems
Group Decision Support Systems
Hybrid and Special-Purpose Systems
Information, Decision
Support
Chapter 9
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Key TermsDecision making
Problem solving
Programmed decisions
Non-programmed decisions
Optimization model
Heuristics
Decision Making and Problem
Solving
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Decision Making & Problem Solving Process
Potential Problems and
opportunities are identified
and defined
Alternative solutions to the
problem are developed
Select a course of action
Solution put into effect
Evaluate the implementation
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Decision Types
Programmed decisions
Structured situations with well
defined relationships
Quantifiable
Non-programmed decisions
Ill-structured situations with
vague or changingrelationships between
variables
Not easily quantifiable in
advance
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Optimization and Heuristic
Optimization Model: find thebest solution, helping individuals
or organizations meet goals.
Heuristics:commonlyaccepted guidelines or
procedures that usually find a
good solution, but not
necessarily the optimal solution
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Key termsManagement Information System(MIS)
Business Intelligence
Scheduled report
Demand report
Exception report
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)System
Management Information
Systems
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Management Information Systems (MIS)
MIS~ used to supportprogrammed decisions
made in response to
structured problems. Primary purpose is to help
individuals and organizations
achieve goals by providing
reports and information used
to make better decisions.
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MIS Input and Output
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MIS Reporting System
This MIS reporting
system puts many
kinds of real-time
information at
managers
fingertips to aid
decision making.
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Reports
Key Indicator
Report
Demand Reports Exception Reports
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Reports
Scheduled Reportsareproduced periodically on aschedule; daily, weekly, monthly,quarterly, annually, etc.
Demand Reportsaredeveloped to get certaininformation at a personsrequest.
Exception Reportsareautomatically produced when asituation is unusual or requiresaction.
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Reports, Reports, Reports
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MIS Reports
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Enterprise Resource Planning
ERP: integrates all dataprocessing in an enterprise
into one unified system that
draws from a common
database system.
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Benefits and drawbacks of ERP
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Key TermsDecision Support System
What-if analysis
Goal-seeking analysis
Decision Support Systems
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Decision Support Systems
A decision supportsystem (DSS)is an
information system used tosupport problem-specific
decision making.
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Characteristics
Handles a range of data from
small to large.
Obtains and processes data
from different sources. Provides report and
presentation flexibility
Analysis and Comparisons
Optimization & Heuristic
approaches
What-if analysis
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Characteristics ~ What If?
What-if analysis is
the process of
making hypothetical
changes to problem
data and observing
the impact on the
results.
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Goal-seeking
Goal-seeking analysisisthe process of determining
what problem data is
required for a given result.
What must be done in order tosafely withdraw troops within a year?
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Information System Relationships
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Key Terms
Group decision support system (GDSS)
Groupware
Group Decision Support
Systems
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Group Decision Support
Systems (GDSS)
A GDSSorcomputerized
collaborative work
system is designedto provide effective
support in group
decision-making
settings.
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Characteristics of a GDSS
Flexibility
Support for
anonymous input
Reduction of
negative group
behavior
Support of positivegroup behavior
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Groupware
GDSS software, called groupware, helps withjoint work group scheduling, communication, and
management.
www.webex.comwww.genesys.com
www.gotomeeting.com
http://www.webex.com/http://www.genesys.com/http://www.gotomeeting.com/http://www.gotomeeting.com/http://www.genesys.com/http://www.webex.com/ -
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Key Terms
Knowledge Management System
Geographic information system (GIS)
Informatics
Hybrid and Special-Purpose
Systems
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Knowledge Management System
A knowledge management (KM) systemassists an organization in capturing, storing, and
distributing knowledge for use and reuse by the
organization and sometimes by its partners andcustomers.
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Geographic Information Systems
A geographicinformation system(GIS)is capable of
storing,manipulating, and
displaying
geographic or
special information,including maps of
locations or regions
around the world.
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Informatics
Informaticscombinestraditional disciplines, like
science and medicine, with
computer systems andtechnology.
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S th f S
Chapter 9 Questions?