SUBSTANCE USE AND ABUSE Grade 7 Health Mr. Briggs.
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Transcript of SUBSTANCE USE AND ABUSE Grade 7 Health Mr. Briggs.
SUBSTANCE USE AND ABUSE
Grade 7 Health Mr. Briggs
Drug Definitions
Drug: any substance that changes the way the body or mind works. Example: illicit drugs, laxatives, vitamins, steroids, sleeping pills, everyday beverages such as pop, tea, coffee
Drug Use: act of taking drugs which may or may not interfere with ones daily activities
Drug abuse: involves use of a drug to the extent that it interferes with ones life at school, work, family, friends etc
Recreational Drugs
Taken to alter one state of consciousness with the intention of recreating positive emotions and feelings.
Drugs that are taken without any medical benefit.
Types of Drugs:
Stimulants (uppers): drugs that speed up the central nervous system and make you feel more energetic, alert and help you stay awake for long periods of time, also, decreases your appetite, make you feel euphoric
Ex/ cocaine, amphetamines (speed), tobacco, caffeine, Ritalin
Types of Drugs
Depressants (downers): drugs that slow down the functions of the central nervous system and make you less aware of the events around you.
Ex/ alcohol, opiates (narcotics), sedatives, tranquillizers
Types of Drugs
Hallucinogens (psychedelics): drugs that distort the senses and ones awareness of perception of events. One might see or hear things that don’t actually exist.
Ex/ LSD (Acid), PCP (Angel Dust, Ketamine, Magic Mushrooms, Bath Salts)
Types of Drugs
Club Drugs: used as a category based on where they’re frequently encountered. Activities include taking different types of drugs such as Ecstasy, Ketamine, GHB, Rohypnol
Drug Addiction
The physical or psychological dependence on drugs.
Can result in withdrawal if the drug is taken away.
Scale of Addiction
1: No substance use 2: USE – Includes experimentation and
recreational use 3: MISUSE – Problems associated with using
the substance begin to appear; or, the substance (such as medication) is not being used as it was originally intended.
4: ABUSE – Use is more frequent and obsessive behaviour starts.
Dependency – choice of use is no longer an option and has become a way of life.
Non-Physical Negative Effects of Substance Use and Abuse
Personal
May get the “wrong” type of attention
Creates problems with family Against family/religious values May lose pleasure in everyday
activities May lose self-esteem May lose control of emotions Does not resolve family/personal
problems
Non-Physical Negative Effects of Substance Use and Abuse
Social
Often groups/friends change May let friends down Gives false sense of confidence May become more isolated May say or do things you’ll regret
later May become uncharacteristically rude May become someone no ones
recognizes May lead to negative episodes
Non-Physical Negative Effects of Substance Use and Abuse
Performance at School / Work
Difficult to sleep/rest May become very tired May become less motivated to do
well in school/at work Memory, ability to concentrate and
think clearly may be affected Moods may change and may have difficulty controlling
emotions May lose enjoyment
Non-Physical Negative Effects of Substance Use and Abuse
Financial
Cost of purchasing drugs Difficulty keeping a job Legal costs Cost of repairing damages for
engaging in risk-taking behaviors while under the influence
Non-Physical Negative Effects of Substance Use and Abuse
Legal
Negative implications regarding possession, purchase and use of various substances
Could jeopardize opportunities for the future
Effects of Drugs
There are many different effects from the various drugs that one may encounter. We will now go through some of the more common drugs and talk about short and long term effects.
Cannabis (marijuanna, pot, grass, weed, bud)
Comes from dried tops, leaves, stems and seeds of the marijuana plant
Short-term memory, concentration and ability to think clearly may be impaired
High feeling/relaxed, talkative
May lose interest in activities
Person may become dependant on drug.
Description Effects
Alcohol (booze, hootch)
Depressant that slows the Central Nervous System
Relaxed, less inhibited Reflexes become slower Could cause cirrhosis of
the liver with prolonged use
Mood may change; take more risks
Brain and nerve damage In men, decreased sperm
production Decision-making affected
Description Effects
Solvents & Aerosols/Inhalants (sniff, glue, gas)
Substances manufactured by the chemical industry
I.e. Gasoline, shoe polish, varnish, etc
Feelings of euphoria
Loss of coordination
Lead poisoning Death
Description Effects
Methamphetamine (speed, meth, chalk)
Pills, powder, liquid
Addictive stimulant
Decreased appetite, increased physical activity, damage to blood vessels in the brain, strokes, irregular heart beat, respiratory problems, death
Description Effects
Cocaine (coke, snow, blow, ice, rock)
Powerful stimulant of the Central Nervous System
Breathing and blood pressure increase
Pupils enlarge Nose tissues may be
damaged and erode Highly addictive With continued use tolerance
is developed and more of the drug is needed to get the same effect. This leads to the risk of overdose.
Description Effects
Rohypnol (roofies, peanuts, pappas, ro-shays)
Makes a person less able to resist sexual assault
Tablets turn clear beverages blue and turn dark beverages murky
Sedative
Loss of memory, impaired judgment
Periods of blackouts
Seizures May be fatal if
mixed with other drugs
Respiratory shut-down
Description Effects
G.H.B Gamma hydroxy butyrate (liquid ecstasy)
Makes a person less able to resist sexual assault
Looks and smells like water/also available as a white powder or capsule
Dizziness, Nausea Vomiting Amnesia Loss of
consciousness
Seizures
Depressed breathing
Coma Vomiting
while asleep
Death
Description Effects
Ketamine (Special K, Kit Kat)
Makes person less able to resist sexual assault
Painkiller used mainly by veterinarians for surgery
Liquid, white powder or pill
Temporary amnesia and hallucinations
May babble Less inhibitions Flashbacks Decreases oxygen to
brain and muscles Unconsciousness Death may occur
Description Effects
Ecstasy (XTC, X, E, Love Drug)
Combination of hallucinogen and stimulant
Tablet or gelatin capsule form
Excited feeling Less inhibitions Euphoria Overheating Dehydration Death due to kidney or
cardiovascular failure Loss of consciousness Paralysis Brain damage
Description Effects
Ritalin – methylphenidate (Vitamin R, Rit)
Commonly used for ADHD
Now being used as an illegal drug
Tablet form but illegal users crush and snort if or dissolve it in water and inject intravenously
Strong stimulant effect when snorted
CNS stimulant similar to speed or cocaine
Nervousness Loss of appetite skin rash Increased alertness Abdominal pain Digestive problems Possible dependence Serve depression upon
withdrawal
Description Effects
Risk Factors
Family members who abuse drugs or alcohol
Involved at an early age
Physical trauma or abuse
Distance from parents
Unclear rules at home
Friends who encourage use
Conflict with family or friends
Bullying Low grades Peer pressure
Protective factors
Strong self esteem and self-confidence
Strong family values Supportive family Parents who
monitor their children (what they are doing and with whom)
Participate in extra-curricular activities
Ability to cope with stress
Rules and expectations at home
Positive relations with family and friends
Friends who are not involved with drugs and alcohol
Having good grades