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Substance Abuse in the Homeless Population Tim Bedell, Chelsea Kaye, Kristie Haalck, & Ashley Huyck...
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Transcript of Substance Abuse in the Homeless Population Tim Bedell, Chelsea Kaye, Kristie Haalck, & Ashley Huyck...
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Substance Abuse in the Homeless PopulationTim Bedell, Chelsea Kaye, Kristie Haalck, & Ashley Huyck
Team 3
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IntroductionSubstance abuse is an ongoing problem among the homeless populationAbout one half of the homeless population abuses drugs and/or alcohol.The following presentation analyzes the trends
Looking at culture, environment, and other risk factors
Patterns can indicate where the problems lie and the potential interventions to help remedy the issues.
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Demographics of the U.S. Homeless Population
From 2012 to 2013 twenty states reported an increase in homeless population.
After the implementation of the Federal Strategic Plan, homelessness has decreased 6 % from 610,042 in 2013 to 578,424 in 2014.
69% of this population was living in a shelter
26% of the homeless population abuses illicit drugs
67% were 25 years or older
10% 18 to 24 years old
23% were homeless children under the age of 18
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StatisticsOn a “single night” in January 2013, New York, Texas, California, Florida, and Massachusetts accounted for more than 50% of the homeless population.
Delaware has the lowest homeless population of 946
49,933 were veterans
116,770 abuse substances
12,247 have a diagnosis of AIDS/HIV
117,084 were severely mentally ill
49% of the homeless population reports being a victim of violence compared to 2% of the general population.
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Homeless Population Concentrations in Michigan
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National Estimates of Homeless in United States
Point in Time Estimates of Homeless People By Sheltered Status 07-13
Percent of all Homeless People in Each Age Category By Sheltered Status 2013
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Homelessness and Drug UseConnections of drug use leading to homelessness and homelessness leading to drug use
Substance abuse and homeless populations at increased risk for blood borne illness such as HIV and Hepatitis C.
Problem for our society in many ways: health care costs, use of valuable time, and negative perception of the homeless population.
Harm reduction basis
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Health Related Risk FactorsMental Illness
Attempted Suicide
Suicidal Ideation
Renal Disease
Cold-Related Injuries: hypothermia frostbiteimmersion foot
HIV/AIDS
Poisoning or Drug Overdose
TB
Nutritional Deficiencies
Hepatitis
Death
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Cultural Descriptors that Impact Health
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Cultural Descriptors Continued
“Culture is especially relevant to the homeless, as it emphasizes the importance of functioning
together as a group”
High prevalence of illicit drug use and heavy drinking
Often do not comply with treatment regimens
Invasion of personal space
Physical environment seen as a crucial threat to their health
Struggle to belong
Mixed race-ethnic-cultural heritage
Social isolation and low self esteem
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Environmental Risk FactorsSubstance abuse is viewed as accepted by the homeless population.
Growth and development not prioritySurvival mode
Lack of social network
Drug use is the normDifficult to quit/maintain sobriety
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Health Promotion TheoryThe health promotion theory that best fits our program and
health issue is ecological approach.
Substance abuse among the homeless is a complicated and multifaceted issue
This theory address’s many levels and angles to the issue• Intrapersonal- beliefs and values, addictions• Interpersonal- family and friends• Institutional- school programs for homeless youth• Community- programs to aid in quitting• Public Policy- greater attention to illegal drug sales
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Plan Goal: Decrease substance abuse in homeless
Adopt the idea of harm reduction and Housing FirstProviding housing not dependent on sobriety
Educational tools Improve awareness of substance abuse and resources
available
Establish interagency collaboration to offer counseling and medical treatment
Create a job training and career development series fashioned after Boston Public Health Commission
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ResourcesThe Coalition for the Homeless of New York City Developed proven strategies to prevent people from
becoming homeless Rental assistance or eviction prevention through grants for
working families. Helps homeless move into affordable and safe housing
using the Housing First method, permanent supportive housing, and federal housing assistance.
Additional services offered: food delivered nightly to preset locations job training for women youth programs crisis services
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Health Promotion SettingProvide a safe non-threatening environment
Establish a facility or mobile unit for screening, assessments, and outreach programs
Find their environment Soup kitchens, shelters, the streets
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Healthy People 2020One of the main topic’s of concern is substance abuse.Objectives addressed:
• Increase the proportion of adolescents who disapprove of substance abuse
• Increase the proportion of adolescents who perceive great risk associated with substance abuse
• Increase the number of admissions to substance abuse treatment for injection drug use
• Increase proportion of persons who need alcohol and/or illicit drug treatment and received specialty treatment for abuse or dependence in the last year
• Reduce past-month use of illicit substances• Reduce the past-year nonmedical use of prescription drugs
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ConclusionTrends show homelessness can lead to drug use and drug use can lead to homelessness
Proven effective methods of harm reduction by providing housing without sobriety terms
Provide easy access to needed services for sobriety
Development resources for jobs
Hopeful for an outcome of decrease in substance use among the homeless
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References Boston Public Health Commission (2014). Job training and education. Retrieved from http://www.bphc.org/whatwedo/homelessness/homeless-services/Pages/Job-Training-and-Education.aspx
Coalition for the homeless (2014). Our programs. Retrieved from http://www.coalitionforthehomeless.org/our-programs/
Henry, M., Cortes, A., Morris, S., Shivji, A., & Buck, K. (2014). The 2014 annual homeless assessment report to congress: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Retrieved from https://www.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/ahar-2013-part1.pdf
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ReferencesHenry, M., Cortes, A., & Morris, S. (2013). The 2013 Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress. Retrieved from http://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/AHAR-2013 Part1.pdf
Hudson, C. G. & Vissing, W. M. (2010). The geography of adult homelessness in the US: Validation of state and county estimates. Health and Place, 16(5), 828-837. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.04.008
Linton, S. L., Celentano, D. D., Kirk, G. D., & Mehta, S. H. (2013). The longitudinal association between homelessness, injection drug use, and injection-related risk behavior among persons with a history of injection drug use in Baltimore, MD. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 132(3), 457-465. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.009
Law, K. & John, W. (2012). Homeless as culture: How transcultural nursing theory can assist for caring for the homeless. Nurse Education in Practice, 12(6), 371-374. doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2012.04.010
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ReferencesMichigan Interagency Council on Homelessness (2013). The State of Homelessness in Michigan. The campaign to end homelessness: 2013 projected homeless counts by region [online image]. Retrieved from http://mihomeless.org/jdownloads/General%20Resources/2013datareport.pdf
National Coalition for the Homeless (2014). Vulnerable to Hate: A Survey of Hate Crimes and Violence Committed Against Homeless People in 2013. Retrieved from http://nationalhomeless.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Hate-Crimes-2013-FINAL.pdf
National Coalition for the Homeless. (2009). Substance abuse and homelessness. Retrieved from http://www.nationalhomeless.org/factsheets/addiction.pdf
North, C. S., Eyrich-Garg, K. M., Pollio, D. E., & Thirthalli, J. (2010). A prospective study of substance abuse and housing stability in a homeless population. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44(11), 1055-1062. doi: 10.1007/s00127-009-0144-z
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ReferencesOffice of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2014). Substance abuse. Retrieved from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/substance-abuse
Pauly, B., Reistc, D., Belle-Isle, L., & Schactman, C. (2013). Housing and harm reduction: What is the role of harm reduction in addressing homelessness? International Journal of Drug Policy, 24(4), 284-290. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.03.008
US Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). Physical Activity Evaluation Handbook. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/handbook/pdf/handbook.pdf
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2014). HUD’s 2014 continuum of care homeless assistance programs homeless populations and subpopulations. Retrieved from https://www.hudexchange.info/reports/CoC_PopSub_NatlTerrDC_2014.pdf