SUBJECT and GRADE GEOGRAPHY GRADE 11 TERM 1 RESOURCES
Transcript of SUBJECT and GRADE GEOGRAPHY GRADE 11 TERM 1 RESOURCES
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Directorate: Curriculum FET
SUBJECT and GRADE GEOGRAPHY – GRADE 11
TERM 1 Week 6: Lesson 6
TOPIC Oblique and vertical aerial photographs; orthophoto maps;
AIMS OF LESSON • To strengthen your knowledge, understanding and interpretation of the role of oblique and vertical aerial
photographs in the development of orthophoto maps and topographic maps.
RESOURCES
Paper based resources Digital resources
•Lesson on pages 2 - 5
•Learner tasks on page 6
•Textbook: Aerial photographs
and orthophoto maps
Video: Aerial photographs and orthophoto maps - Mindset Learn https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZMwrMLjjF0&list=PLOaNAKtW5HLRPOxnhJTRAHtCK3Evnqy
sB&index=13
Video: YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVl79ojfzCA
INTRODUCTION You should know from previous lessons:
Grade 10: Types of aerial photographs; Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of orthophoto maps.
CONCEPTS AND SKILLS You must know:
• Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages
of oblique aerial photographs.
• Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages
of vertical aerial photographs.
• Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages
of orthophoto maps.
You must be able to:
• apply knowledge and concepts on various
geographic sources.
• read and interpret sources such as oblique and
vertical aerial photographs as well as orthophoto
maps.
ACTIVITIES/
ASSESSMENT
Complete the:
• activity for this lesson on page 6.
• additional activities in your textbook.
CONSOLIDATION You must study this topic by asking key Geographic questions such as: What is it? Why is it there? What does it
look like? What is the effect? How can the effect be managed e.g. pollution?
VALUES It is important to understand that photographs and maps can provide rich sources of information about places
and/or geographic phenomena in different parts of the world.
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Study this topic with the following questions in mind!
TOPIC: Oblique and vertical aerial photographs; orthophoto maps; (LESSON 6)
What are the three
types photographs
according to the angle
at which they were
captured?
• Horizontal (terrestrial) photographs
• Oblique photographs (these include high oblique and low oblique)
• Vertical aerial photographs
What are the
advantages of each
type of photograph?
• Horizontal photographs
show the shape and
vertical dimensions of
geographical features.
• Oblique photographs
show the landscape from
above but they
show familiar side views
and make features easier
to identify than vertical
aerial photographs.
• Vertical photographs
show all features in the
correct spatial
relationship to each
other. Because only the
top view can be seen,
features may
not be so easy to identify.
How do you identify
landforms and features
on an oblique or
vertical photograph?
We can use the following
elements to help us identify
landforms and features on
aerial photographs:
• Shape and pattern
• Tone
• Texture
• Shadow
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Shape and pattern
We can identify human-
made structures such as
buildings and roads have
geometric shapes and
distinct boundaries while
natural features like
mountains, rivers, lakes, etc.
have irregular and uneven
shapes.
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Tone The tone of features can be
light or dark.
The reflectivity of the object,
the weather, the angle of the
sunlight on an object, and on
moisture content of the
surface all play a role in
determining the tone of the
feature.
Smooth surfaces, bare
ground, winter vegetation,
muddy water and new crops
all have a light tone.
Irregular surfaces, vegetation,
clear water, mature crops
and ploughed fields all have
a dark tone.
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Texture Texture is the description of
the smoothness or coarseness
of a feature in a photograph.
Terms used to describe
texture include:
• coarse or fine
• smooth or rough
• even or uneven
• speckled
• granular
• linear
• woolly
Texture also describes the
terrain surface
roughness.
Crops have a speckled
appearance while ploughed
fields are striped and
darker.
Orchards have coarse and
grid- like texture while
vineyards have a finer and
striped texture.
Plantations appear mottled
and coarse.
Pine plantations look stippled
and finer.
Blue gum plantations look
granular, coarser.
Younger plantations appear
striped.
.
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Shadow Objects can be recognised
by the shadows they cast.
Shadows that objects cast
can help you to determine
the time of day and position
of the sun.
Inward cast shadows show
depth while outward cast
shadows show height.
How to identify features
on orthophoto maps
An orthophoto map is a
black and white
photographic image to
which cartographers
have added helpful
information such as contours,
spot heights and street
names. This makes them
easier to identify.
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LEARNER TASK:
Question 1
(Adapted from Platinum Geography Grade 11)
The questions are based on the photograph and map below.
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1.1 List FOUR commercial functions of aerial photography.
1.2 Identify the features labelled A to E.
1.3 State TWO advantages of vertical aerial photographs.
1.4 State TWO disadvantages of vertical aerial photographs
Question 2
(Adapted from Spot on Geography Grade 11)
Study the photographs and answer the questions that follow:
2.1 Explain the difference oblique aerial photographs and vertical aerial photographs.
2.2 State ONE disadvantage of oblique aerial photographs.
2.3 State THREE disadvantage of oblique aerial photographs.
2.4 State the type of oblique aerial photograph at C and D and identify the major feature found on the oblique
aerial photographs.
Question 3
(Adapted from Focus Geography Grade 11)
Study the photograph and map and answer the questions below:
3.1 What is the land use for in these areas?
3.1.1 L11 and 12
3.1.2 P13 and 14
3.1.3 O11 and P11
3.1.4 E8
3.1.5 A10
3.1.6 T3 and U3
3.2 How does the texture of the area in P13 and P14 indicate that this is not a wheat field or an orchard?
3.3 Arrange these buildings in order of height, starting with the tallest. J15; I5; L11
3.4 Find the two rows (letters of the alphabet) that show the N2 national road.
3.5 What is the very dark area in parts of T7-10 and U7-10?
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3.6 Squares H to M6-14 are the core of Knysna’s central business district (CBD). Find two ways in which the CBD
core looks different from a residential area
3.7 What is the transport function at R3 and R4?
3.8 Sport in Knysna. In which squares is there evidence of the following sport and recreation?
3.8.1 Tennis
3.8.2 Rugby or soccer
3.8.3 Cricket
3.8.4 Sailing