FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & COMPUTING

ISO 9001:2008 & 14001:2004

Msc Engineering Project Management

User : Davis D Parakal SID : 3357394 Module : Management of Quality

Module Leader : Phil Lewis

11/29/2010

ISO 9001:2008 & 14001:2004

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Table of Content

Contents Page

1. Introduction 3

2. ISO 9001 & 14001 series of standards 3

2.1 Auditing for the Standards 3

2.2 ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are generic standards 4

2.3 ISO 9001 into the organisation 4

2.4 ISO 14001 into the organisation 6

3. Hold both under an umbrella??- IMS 7

4. OHSAS 18001 HEALTH & SAFETY STANDARD 8

5. Total Quality Management 8

6. Pros and Cons! 9

7. References 10

ISO 9001:2008 & 14001:2004

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1.Introduction

This report discuss about the most common ISO standards used in the industries and

suggesting an integrated management system in order to maintain the total quality

management.

2.ISO 9001 & 14001 series of standards

ISO 9001 is an internationally accepted standard for effective quality systems. They

Stand for system standardization and certification rather than product standardization.

They do not replace but complement the product standards. ISO does not itself certify

organizations. Many countries have formed accreditation bodies to authorize

certification bodies, which audit organizations applying for ISO 9001 compliance

certification.

ISO 14001 is the standard that gives the requirements for an environmental

management system. It provides only guidelines on the elements of an environmental

management system and its implementation, and discusses principal issues involved. It

specifies the requirements for such an environmental management system. Fulfilling

these requirements demands objective evidence which can be audited to demonstrate

that the environmental management system is operating effectively in conformity to the

standard.

Main Motivations behind ISO 9001:2008 from older standards:

Add features and develop the existing standards

Improve Quality management systems

Reduce the complexity and improve user friendliness

compatibility with ISO 14001:2004

Main aims of ISO 14001:2004:

Control and reduce the environmental impact of process activity output,

products or services

improve its environmental performance continually

Implement a systematic approach to setting environmental objectives and

targets, to achieving these and to demonstrating that they have been achieved.

Both ISO standards stand for Processes rather than the products and services from the

company. But integrating the quality standard end in the quality of product or service

and finally end up with the profit of the Industry.

2.1 Auditing for the Standards

Two types of auditing are required to become registered to the standard, auditing by an

external certification body (external audit) and audits by internal staff trained for this

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process (internal audits). The aim is a continual process of review and assessment, to

verify that the system is working as it's supposed to, find out where it can improve and

to correct or prevent problems identified. It is considered healthier for internal auditors

to audit outside their usual management line, so as to bring a degree of independence to

their judgments.

2.2 ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are generic standards

Generic means that the same standards can be applied to any organization, large or

small, whatever its product or service, in any sector of activity, and whether it is a

business enterprise, a public administration, or a government department. Generic also

signifies that no matter what the organization's scope of activity if it wants to establish a

quality management system, ISO 9001 gives the essential features or if it wants to

establish an environmental management system, ISO 14001 gives the essential features.

2.3 ISO 9001 into the organisation

The major concern in implementing a quality assured system is all about developing a

Quality Management System. The continuous improvement is the backbone of the cyclic

process. A proper planning with good management of resources also makes the system

fir for ISO certification. A general model of such a process is guided by ISO itself. Below

figure explain that general model.

FIG (1): BS EN ISO 9001:2008, (2009)

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A real world example will explain more about the standards and integrating such

standards in to the process of the company. Infosys is the third largest private sector

company in India which provide services in banking software and business advisors.

Around 1.14 lakh employees are working in this company. According to the financial

data disclosed by Infosys, they had made revenue of 4,804 Million US dollars and gross

profit of 2,055 Million US dollars in the financial year 2009-2010.

Fig (2): PQMS: Product quality management System,

[Infosys Technologies Ltd, (sept 2007)]

This system mainly aim in the customer satisfaction with high quality. This entire

process is monitored and reviewed by the top management of Infosys. Test and defect

tracking system make it more effective with continuous improvement patterns. Proper

documentation of the process is maintained by the report management Sub-system and

it helped Infosys to achieve all standards and certificate quite easily. Product

management system holds the role to maintain the quality in Inventory management,

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configuration management, Lab management and product development cycles. This

quality management system holds ISO 9001 certification.

2.4 ISO 14001 into the organisation

Integrating ISO 14001 provides an assurance from management that it is in control of

the organizational processes and activities having an impact on the environment and

assure employees that they are working for an environmentally responsible

organization. This supports the organization's claims and communication about its own

environmental policies, plans and actions. Standard provides a framework for

demonstrating conformity via suppliers' declarations of conformity, assessment of

conformity by an external stakeholder - such as a business client - and for certification

of conformity by an independent certification body.

I am using the same company for narrating the real world with the standard. Infosys

technologies is the organization that holds its place in Top five “Green” IT companies in

India . They have the strong EMS and holds ISO 14001 standards and OHSAS 18001.

One of the largest passive solar water heaters capacities in India, close to 5 lakh liters.

They also have an Eco Club to enthuse the employees to take up green. One of the most

successful initiatives of these clubs has been to reduce plastic waste at the campus.

Employees have also been urged to use the public transport for commuting and now

close to 80% of employees based in India use public transport and company buses.

There are a host of such measures being undertaken by the company to reduce its

carbon footprint. But the most significant has been its effort to bring out a Sustainability

Report.

Infosys says it is focused on green buildings, water

harvesting and conservation, better transport management

by encouraging car pool for its employees and increasing

bio-diversity in its campuses. The company also has a

product lifecycle and engineering solutions business unit

that is focused on ‘green engineering’. The unit works on

new products as well as on refurbishing existing products

to make them more energy efficient. Infosys has also

decided to plant a tree for every new employee. Infosys has

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The above polices are simply an example that suit for that particular organization. It

varies in different scale and implementation in different organization.

3. Hold both under an umbrella??- IMS

Companies that have already implemented quality systems which are

comprehensive enough to meet the ISO 9001 standard have a clear advantage in

implementing an EMS. All management systems, whether focused on quality, safety, or

the environment, have certain core common elements. These include:

Policies

Management responsibilities and commitments

Documentation for process and results

Control of critical operations

Training the system

Records system

Internal review and audits

Corrective and testing system

Management review for continual improvement

In the case of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001, there are similar (although not identical)

requirements for all of these core elements.

The main reason for an integrated management system- IMS, is the similarity between

ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.

Advantages of Implementing ISO 9001

IMSs by combining the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards provide an effective way to

face the challenge. This system increases the effectiveness and efficiency of the

organization with a continual improvement cycle. Also the IMS can incorporate other

“The figure shows the result of

authentic survey .Researchers

interviewed the auditors with

a structured questionnaires

were sent to 300 construction

firms in China. It point out the

main advantage of holding an

IMS with both standards”.

Fig (3):S.X. Zeng and P. Tian (2009)

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standards along with the ISO. This will make the integrated management system more

effective suit for any type of organization in the world

4. OHSAS 18001 HEALTH & SAFETY STANDARD

Including OHSAS into the IMS makes the system best fit for maintain and achieve Total

Quality Management (TQM). OHSAS 18001 is an Occupation Health and Safety

Assessment Series for health and safety management systems. It is intended to help

organizations to control occupational health and safety risks. It was developed in

response to widespread demand for a recognized standard against which to be certified

and assessed.

5.Total Quality Management

Incorporating the ISO standards and OHSAS standard deliver an adoptable model for

total quality management. The main factor that differentiates the system is stakeholders

of the different system. The output delivered cannot be negotiated with anyone of these

integrated system. So keeping Client satisfaction in mind, the organization must design

IMS. A sample model is explained the below figure:

Fig (4): Model of Integrated quality, environment and health & safety

management [ Wilkinson &B G Dale (2001)]

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6.Pros and Cons!

The major advantages are:

It is widely acknowledged that proper quality management improves business,

often having a positive effect on investment, market share, sales growth, sales

margins, competitive advantage, and avoidance of litigation

Increase customer satisfaction and retention

Enhance marketing

Promote international trade

Reduce waste and increases productivity

Build quality into products and services from design onwards.

Address environmental concerns of customers and public, and comply with

government regulations.

Integrate with global economy.

assure employees that they are working for an environmentally responsible

Organization.

provide assurance on environmental issues to external stakeholders – such as

Customers, the community and regulatory agencies

support the organization's claims and communication about its own

environmental policies, plans and actions

Provides a framework for demonstrating conformity via suppliers'

declarations of conformity, assessment of conformity by an external stakeholder

- such as a business client - and for certification of conformity by an independent

certification body.

Problems

A common criticism of ISO standards are the amount of money, time and paperwork

required for registration and maintenance. The standard is seen as especially prone to

failure when a company is interested in certification before quality. Certifications are in

fact often based on customer contractual requirements rather than a desire to actually

improve quality. Another problem reported is the competition among the numerous

certifying bodies, leading to a softer approach to the defects noticed in the operation of

the Quality System of a firm. Many companies see the introduction of a quality

management system as a major step forward in controlling and improving their key

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processes. Other companies simply react to customer demands that their suppliers

should have suitable systems.

7.References

Aruna Das Gupta, (2007), International Journal of Social Economics Vol. 34 No. 9, pp. 637-663

G. Wilkinson and B.G. Dale (1999), the TQM Magazine Volume 11 · Number 2 · pp. 95–104

G. Wilkinson & B G Dale, (2001), managing service quality volume 11 Number 5. 2001.

Pp 318-330

ISO, (2009), Quality management systems – Requirements: BS EN ISO 9001:2008

Phil Lewis, (2010), Unpublished course book, Coventry University

Piyush Jain & Roopa Devraj, (2007), providing end-to- end quality assurance process for

products, Infosys technologies Ltd

Roger Frost, (2009), Overview of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 [ISO Manager, Communication

Services]

S.X. Zeng and P. Tian,(2005), Managerial Auditing Journal Vol. 20 No. 4, pp. 394-407