Study on Development of Cleanliness Index for...

Study on Development of Cleanliness Index for Cities

Development&ResearchServicesPvt.Ltdi

StudyonDevelopmentofCleanlinessIndex

forCities

FinalReport

May2015

Submittedto:

Submitted by: Development&ResearchServicesPvtLtdA1/19,Safdarjungenclave,NewDelhi110029,India

MinistryofTourismC1Hutments,DalhousieRoad,NewDelhi110001


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Acknowledgements

Thisstudy isanoutcomeofthefeltneedoftheMinistryofTourism fordevelopingascientificmethodofassessingcleanlinessofthecitiesoftouristimportance.Thereporthasfollowedarigorousmethodologyforassessingthecleanlinessofthecities.

This study has benefited substantially from inputs of the officials of theMinistry ofTourism,Government of India.We thank Shri Lalit K. Pawar (Secretary),Ministry ofTourism,GovernmentofIndia, ShriParvezDewan(IAS),formerSecretary,MinistryofTourism,GovernmentofIndia;ShriGirishShankar,AdditionalSecretary,ShriRaviKantBhatnagar, Addl. Director General (Market Research); Ms. Mini Prasanna K, JointDirector (MarketResearch);Mr.ShaileshKumar,DeputyDirector (MarketResearch),Ms. Neha Srivastava, Deputy Director (Market Research), and Ms. Ruchi Sharma,formerAssistantDirector(MarketResearch)fortheirvaluableinputs.

WeexpressourthankstoallotherofficialsespeciallyMs.AnilaKumariTandMr.SKMohantawhowereassociatedwiththisstudyattheMinistryofTourism.

WealsoexpressourthankstothewholeDRSteamespeciallyMr.AksheevRalli,whowereinvolvedduringvariousstagesofthestudy.

DiwakarSrivastava

TeamLeader


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Disclaimer

This study focuseson cleanlinessofa city from theperspectiveof touristswhomight use any of the facilities available at the place visited by them. Themethodologyforthisstudywasdesignedtocapturecleanlinessmainlyatplacesvisitedbythetouristsmakingthisstudydifferentfromotherstudieswithsimilarnomenclature.Thestudyhasdelveddeeperonthecleanlinessparameters,whicharenecessaryforacitytobeconsideredclean.Thesespecificindicatorsofvariousparametersmaynotbenoticedbya casualvisitorwhomaynotobserve someaspectsofcleanlinessattheplacesvisitedbythemormaynotusesomefacilitiesavailableatthedestinationsormarketplacesvisitedbythem.

Therefore,thecleanlinessscoresandranksofcitiespresented inthis reportarenotcomparablewithotherstudies.


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TableofContents

PageNoExecutiveSummary iivChapterI:IntroductionandMethodology 1101.1Introduction 1

1.2Purpose/ObjectivesoftheStudy 1

1.3CoverageoftheStudy 2

1.4Methodology 3

1.5ParametersIndentified 6

1.6MethodologyfordevelopingCleanlinessIndex 6

1.7CategorizationofCities 10

ChapterII:FindingsoftheStudy 11852.1OverallCityScoreandCategory 11

2.2CityRankandCityType 12

2.3CityWiseAnalysisofCleanlinessIndex 14

Annexures 86117

AnnexureI:ListofCoveredTouristDestinationsandMarketPlace 8698

AnnexureII:SchedulesCoveredintheStudy 99117


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ExecutiveSummaryIntroduction

Indiahasatraditionofmakingitsguestsfeelathome.However,thetouristsoftenfindthe places visited by them lacking in cleanliness. In order to promote cleanliness ingeneral and places visited by tourists in particular, the Ministry of Tourism,GovernmentofIndiainitiatedcampaignslikeCampaignCleanIndiaandAtithiDevoBhawahto integratetheconceptofcleanlinesswiththeunderlyingthemeofmakingthetouristsfeelathome.Specialdriveswerealsoundertaken inpasttosensitizethecitizensaboutthecleanliness.

A common consensus isemergingallagenciesassociatedwith the tourismaboutanurgentneedtotakeup interventionsatvarious levels involvingdifferentstakeholdersto keep places frequented by tourists clean to an acceptable level. Though, variousstakeholdersarecontributingtowardscleanliness,thereislackofamechanismtotrackthestatusofthecitiesoncleanlinessespeciallydestinations.Intheabsenceofsuchamechanism,itisdifficulttorecognizecitiesperformingwelloncleanliness.Thisstudyisanefforttowardsthesame.

The objective of the study is to develop cleanliness index for one city of touristimportancefromeachstate/unionterritoryanddocumenttheprocessofdevelopingtheindexsothatitcanbereplicatedinsubsequentyears.

The study was planned for 35 cities, one from each state/ Union Territory of thecountry.However,thestudycovered36citiesasanewstateofTelanganawascarvedoutfromAndhraPradeshbetweentheperiodofcommissioningofthestudyandstartof data collection. The selected citieswere decided in consultation with the clientbasedonthefootfalloftouristsatdifferentdestinationsineachstate.Thereportusesthe term city for all the cities and towns covered in the study.Out of the 36 citiescovered in the study, 17 cities have a population ofmore than 10,00,000, 5 citieshaveapopulationof5,00,000to10,00,000,11townshaveapopulationof1,00,000to500,000andtherest3townshaveapopulationoflessthan1,00,000.

Methodology

The studywas conducted in 3 phases. A rigorous processwas used to finalize themethodologyforconductingthecity.Themethodologywasdiscussedwiththeclientatseverallevelsonmultipleoccasionsbeforefinalizationofthesame.


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Ineachselectedcity,thesurveywasconductedattop10destinations,1marketplaceandupto3entryandexitpointsofthecity.Selectionofdestinations,marketplaceandentry/exitpointsweredonefollowingthemethodologyusedduringpilotstudy.

Theframeworkwasdesignedkeepingthecoreobjectiveofpreparingcleanlinessindexof the cities based on the places visited by tourists. The framework focused oncapturing thedataoncurrentcleanlinessat the study locationsandpreparednessofthecitytosustainthecleanliness.

Thestudycollecteddatathroughobservationoftheconsultantsteam,observationoftouristsandlocals,andinterviewwiththeofficialsoftheULB(UrbanLocalBodies)andother bodies that influence cleanliness of the city directly or indirectly.While theobservationoftheconsultantteamprovided inputsoncleanlinessatthetimeofvisit,observationsof localpersonsprovided input fora longerdurationof time.Thestudyused Observation Sheet, Tourist Schedule, Locals Schedule and ULB Schedule forcollectingdata.

Thesampleachievedsamplesizesforwere438forobservationsheet,6010fortouristschedule,2221forlocalscheduleand67forULBschedule.

Thecleanlinessindexhasbeendevelopedthroughacompositescoredevelopedfromalargenumberofindicatorsidentifiedunder8broadparameters.Theparametersinthisindexare1)Cleanlinessofseweranddrainage,2)Effectivenessofgarbagecollectionanddisposal3)CleanlinessofPublicConveniences4)Cleanlinessarounddrinkingwaterfacility5)Cleanlinessaroundeateries6)Cleanlinessonambiencerelatedaspects.

The study gave more importance to observation method in the study. Similarly,different parameterswere also given differentweights. The different responses onquestions that measured varied degree of cleanliness were also given differentimportance.Thedetailofthemethodologycanbereferredinthereport.

The studyuses colorcoding for categorizationof the citiesbasedon the cleanlinessindex.Thecitiesandeventheparametersthathavereceivedascoreofupto30hasbeencategorizedasRed,scoresbetween31to60putsthecitiesinBlackcategory,thescoresbetween61and80putsthecitiesinBlueCategoryandscoresabove80putsthecityinGreencategory.


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Findings

Atanoveralllevel,17citiesareinBlackcategoryandtherest19areinBlueCategory.GangtokofSikkim,HyderabadofTelangana,AhmedabadofGujarat,PanajiofGoaandUTofSilvassa receivedhigh scores rangingbetween76and68onCleanliness Index.FivecitiesreceivinglowscoresoncleanlinessIndexareRaipurofChhattisgarh,DeogharofJharkhand,HaridwarofUttarakhand,ShillongofMeghalayaandUTofPuducherry.RaipurandHaridwarhavereceivedscoreslessthan50

Cleanlinessofpublicconvenienceswasfoundtobepooracrossallthecities.Theextentof gravity can be assessedwith the fact that none of the city has reached to Bluecategory on cleanliness of Public Conveniences.Out of 36 cities, 4 cities are in Redcategory and 32 are in Black category. The Red Category cities are Raipur, Tawang,KavarattiandAgartala.Among theBlackCategorycities,asmanyasmostcitieshavereceivedacleanlinessIndexofanaround50+.

Someofthecitiesthatwere foundtobehavingbettercleanlinessatrelatively largernumber of public conveniences are Panaji, Guwahati,Mumbai, Port Blair, Tirupati,PanchkulaandShimla.

The next important area of concern is Garbage collection and disposal. The studyfocusedongarbagecollectionanddisposalsystematthetouristspotsorplaceswheresurveywasundertaken.Thegarbagecollectionanddisposalatthecitylevelhaslimitedweightage. At an overall level, even this parameter is in Black category. Two citiesnamelyRaipurandKavarattiareinRedCategoryonthisparameter.While15citiesareinblack category,19 citiesare inblue category.Raipur,Deoghar, Shillong,HaridwarandAgraarethe4blackandredcategorycitiesthatreceivedascoreoflessthan50oncleanlinessindex.

Cleanlinessarounddrinkingwater facility isalso inBlackcategoryatanoverall level.WhileonecitynamelyKohimaisinRedCategory,19citiesareinBlackandtherestinBlue Category. Of the 19 cities in Black category, 5 cities namely Tawang, Raipur,Kohima,Puducherry,Agra,DeogharandDiuhave receivedacleanlinessscoreof lessthan50.

Atanoverall level,cleanlinessstatusofsewersanddrainages is inBlueCategory.Thecleanliness of the sewers and drainages has seasonality effect. The study wasconducted in other nonrainy season and hence the study findingsmay be bettercompared towhat itwould have been if the studywas conducted in rainy season.RaipuristheonlycitythatisinRedcategoryonthisparameter.Amongtheothercities21 are in Black category and the rest 14 are in Blue category. Chandigarh, Panaji,


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Chennai,Hyderabad,DiuandAhmedabadaresomeofthecitieshavingscoredbetteroncleanlinessofsewersanddrainages.

Cleanlinessaroundeateriesreceivedareasonablygoodscoreatanoveralllevelfor36cities.Onthisparameter,8citiesare inGreencategory,17citiesare inBluecategoryand the rest 11 cities are in Black category.Gangtok, Silvassa, Kavaratti,Guwahati,Ernakulam,Aizawl,HyderabadandTawangare ingreencategorywithrespect to thisparameterwitha score ranging fromashighas98 to82.GangtokandSilvassahavereceivedthescoresofashighas98and97respectively.

Theambiencearoundtheplacesvisitedbythetouristshasreceivedabetterratingwithascoreof71i.e.Bluecategorization.Tencitiesfallingreencategoryonthisparameter.ThecitiesreceivingtopscoreonthisparameterareAhmedabad,Diu,Tirupati,Tawang,Panchkula,Gangtok,Panaji,SilvassaandImphal.While23citiesareinBluecategory,3are inBlackcategory.Thecitiesthatare inblackcategory includeRaipur,PuducherryandHaridwar.

Recommendations

AtatimewhenthecountryisridinghighonSwachhataAbhiyan,theMinistrycantakeadvantageof theopportunityofconverging thevarious schemesand fundsavailableforcleanlinessto improvethecleanlinessoftouristcitiesandcangivemorefocusonpayandusetoilets.

It appears that there is lack of guidelines on theminimum cleanliness levels to bemaintainedatthetouristspots.Similarly,therealsoseemstobeabsenceordeficiencyinprocesses formaintainingandmonitoring the cleanlinessat the tourist spot level.Initiatives intended to develop norms for cleanliness guidelines, adherence toguidelinesandmonitoringofadherencewillgolongwayinimprovingthecleanlinessofthetouristdestinations.

Cleanliness assessment shallbe considered anevolvingphenomenonwith time. Theindicatorsusedinparametersandimportancetobegiventodifferentparametersshallbereviewedaftereveryfewyearsasmoredatasetbecomeavailable.


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ChapterI:IntroductionandMethodology


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Chapter-1

Introduction and Methodology

1.1 Introduction

Indiahasatraditionofmaking itsguests feelathome.However,thetouristsoften findtheplacesvisitedby them lacking incleanliness. Inorder topromotecleanliness ingeneralandplacesvisitedbytouristsinparticular,theMinistryofTourism,GovernmentofIndiainitiatedacampaignnamedCampaignClean India. In thiscampaign,substantialeffortshavegone tointegratetheconceptofcleanlinesswiththeunderlyingthemeofmakingthetouristsfeelathome(guestsarereveredandwelcomeinthecountry)i.e.AtithiDevoBhawahthroughthemassmediacampaigns.Specialdriveswerealsoundertaken inpast to sensitize thecitizensaboutthecleanliness.Thisassumesspecialsignificanceastourismplaysan importantrole insocioeconomicprogressthroughcreationofjobs,enterprise,andinfrastructureandrevenueearnings.

Cleanliness in public places is of paramount concern for all agencies associated with thetourism.Acommonconsensus isemergingaboutanurgentneedtotakeup interventionsatvarious levels involvingdifferentstakeholderstokeepplaces frequentedbytouristscleantoanacceptablelevel.Variousstakeholdersarecontributingtowardscleanliness.Intheabsenceof amechanism to track the statusof the cities especiallydestinationson cleanlinesson aperiodicbasis, it isdifficult to recognize contributionofvarious stakeholders,bestpracticesfollowedandactionareas.

The Ministry of Tourism commissioned a study to develop a suitable methodology forassessing cleanliness of the cities based on the places visited by the tourists and developcleanlinessindexforonecityselectedfromeachstateorunionterritoryofthecountry.Mostofthecitiesselectedinthestudyaretheonehavinghighestfootfalloftourists.

Thisstudy isexpectedtosetnorms forconductingregularassessments insubsequentyears.Thefindingofthestudyislikelytobeusedforencouragingthebestperformers,andprovidepracticalguidancetoothersformakingimprovements.

1.2 Purpose / Objectives of the Study

TheCoreobjectiveofthestudyistodevelopcleanlinessindexforcitiesoftouristimportance.Thespecificobjectivesoftheassignmentare

1. Developingacleanlinessindexforonecityfromeachstate/unionterritory2. Developinganddocumentingappropriateparameters,parameterweightsandscoring

methodtofacilitaterankingofvariouscities/townsinIndia

3. Undertakeacomparativeanalysisofthelevelofcleanlinessfortheidentifiedcities4. Reportthefindings,prepareadatabaseoftheprimarydataandphotographs



1.3 Coverage for the Study

The studywas planned for 35 cities, one from each state/Union Territory of the country.However,thestudycovered36citiesasanewstateofTelanganawascarvedoutfromAndhraPradeshbetween theperiodofcommissioningof thestudyandstartofdatacollection.Thestudywas conducted in3phases.While thePhaseIwasused to firmup themethodologythroughaPilotstudy,PhaseIIandPhaseIIIwasconductedtodevelopcleanlinessindexofthesurveycitiesusingthemethodologyapprovedbytheMinistry.Whilethesurveyin6citieswasconductedduringPhaseIandPhaseII,30citieswerecoveredinPhaseIII.

The listofdestinations,marketplace and entry/ exitpointsof all the cities covered in thestudyisavailableintheAnnexureI.

PhaseI:PilotStudy

Thepilotstudywasconductedinsixcitiesbasedontheinitialmethodologydevelopedforthestudy.

TheMinistryselectedsixcities forthePilotstudy.Representationofdifferentregionsofthecountry,touristfootfall,culturalvariabilityandvariations inthenatureofdestinations intheselectedcitieswerekeyfactorsinfluencingthechoiceofcitiesforthepilotstudy.Theselectedcitieswereasunder:

Sl. Region State City MajorAttractions

1 NorthandWest HimachalPradesh Shimla Natural Beauty andHistoricalandReligious

2 NorthandWest Rajasthan Ajmer HistoricalandReligious

3 EastandNorthEast Bihar Patna HistoricalandReligious

4 EastandNorthEast Assam Guwahati Religious

5 SouthandCentral AndhraPradesh Tirupati Religious

6 SouthandCentral Kerala Ernakulam Natural Beauty andHistoricalandReligious

DuringthePilotStudy,thesurveywasconductedattop10destinations,1marketplaceandupto3entryandexitpointsof thecity.Perceptionandknowledgeof thegovernmentofficialsand local people associated with the industry about footfall of the tourists was used forselection of destinations,market place and entry and exit points. The survey could not beconductedat3entryorexitpoints in citiesnothavingadequatenumberof such locations.Similarly cities that had less than 10 destinations the total sample sizewas covered in theavailabledestinations.



ThefindingsofthephaseIstudywaspresentedtotheMinistry.Atthetimeofpresentationofthefindings,thereweresuggestionsforfurtherrefinementofthemethodology.

PhaseII:MainStudy1

TheimprovisedscheduleandmethodologywasusedtoconductthestudyinthecitieswherePilotstudywasconducted.Thestudycoveredsamedestinations,marketplaceandentryandexitpoints.ThemethodologyandfindingsofthisstudywasalsosharedwiththeMinistryforapprovalofthemethodology.

PhaseIII:MainStudy2

The approvedmethodologywasused for conducting the study inother30 cities,oneeachselectedfromthestates/unionterritoriesnotcoveredduringthePilotstudy.DuringtheMainStudyalso,thesurveywasconductedattop10destinations,1marketplaceandupto3entryandexitpointsofthecity.Selectionofdestinations,marketplaceandentry/exitpointsweredonefollowingthemethodologyusedduringpilotstudy.

1.4 Methodology

This section discusses about the broad framework adopted for the study. Theinformationon respondents,parametersand indicatorsonwhichdatawascollected.Stepstoarriveatthecitylevelindexhavebeendiscussedseparately.

1.4.1 Study Framework

Theframeworkwasdesignedkeepingthecoreobjectiveofpreparingcleanlinessindexofthecitiesbasedontheplacesvisitedbytourists.Theframeworkfocusedoncapturingthedataoncurrent cleanliness at the study locations and preparedness of the city to sustain thecleanliness.TheframeworkforthestudyisillustratedintheFigure1.The study collected data through observation of the consultants team, observation of therespondentsandinterviewwiththeofficialsoftheULB(UrbanLocalBodies)andotherbodiesthat impact cleanlinessof the citydirectlyor indirectly.While theobservation relateddatafocused on status of the cleanliness, factual data focused on issues that impact currentcleanlinessofthecityandpreparednesstosustainthecleanliness.

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1.4.2 Schedules and Sources of Information

As per the approach followed for this study, four types of schedules were prepared inconsultationwiththeclient.

Duringtheprocessofdevelopmentofschedules,severalroundsofpretestingwasdonewithacoupleofinterviewsbytheprofessionalsinNewDelhi.ThedraftscheduleswerefurtherpretestedinreallifesituationattouristdestinationsandmarketplaceinLucknowandJaipur.Thiswas likeasimulationexercisetounderstandthechallenges involved inconductingthestudy.Basedon theexperience in these two cities, the scheduleswere further improvisedbeforeusingthesameforPilotStudy.SchedulesusedduringthePilotStudywasfurtherrefinedafterPilotStudy.ThefinalschedulesareinAnnexureII.

Variousschedulesusedinthestudyareasunder:

Table1.1:SchedulesUsedintheStudy

Sl. ResearchTool Typeofthetool SourceofInformation

1. ObservationSheet Semistructured Consultantsrepresentative

2. TouristSchedule Structured Tourists

3. Localsschedule Structured Locals/Shopkeepers/employees,etc.

4. ULBSchedule Structured Officials of ULBs/ organizationsresponsibleforcleanlinessofdestinations

1.4.2 Sample Sizes

Theplannedandachievedsamplesizeswereasbelow:

Table1.2:SampleSizePlannedvs.Achieved

Sl. ResearchToolSampleSizes

Planned Achieved1. ObservationSheet 504 438

2. TouristSchedule 6480 6010

3. Localsschedule 2520 2221

4. ULBSchedule 180 67

Total 9684 8736



1.5 Parameters Identified

The parameters and indicatorswere finalized in consultationwith the client. Based on thesecondaryresearch,discussionwith theexpertand theclient, itwasdecided tocapture thecleanlinessofthecitythroughthefollowingparameters:

Sl. ParametersforAssessingCleanlinessStatus

No.ofIndicatorsObservation

SheetTouristSchedule

LocalSchedule ULB

1 Cleanlinessofsewer/drainage 5 1 7 9

2 Effectiveness of garbage collectionanddisposalsystem 7 2 2 5

3 Cleanlinessofpublicconveniences 19 8 2 5

4 Cleanliness around drinking waterfacility 4 1 3 3

5 Cleanlinessaroundeateries 2 1 1 1

6 Cleanliness on Ambience relatedaspects 12 3 4 9

Eachoftheseparameterscomprisesofanumberofindicators.Thequestionsononlyrelevantindicatorswereaskedtodifferentcategoryofrespondents.Someoftheindicatorsarederivedindicatorsandhence thenumberofquestionsasked ismore than thenumberof indicatorscovered in the study. The list of indicators covered under each parameter is available inAnnexureIII.1.6 Methodology for Developing Cleanliness Index

1.6.1 Overview

Thestudyadoptedarigorousmethodologyforidentifyingparametersandindicatortobeusedfordevelopingthecleanlinessindex.Literaturesonthestudiesconductedonsimilarlineswerereviewedto lookatthepotentialparametersforassessingthecleanliness.Theseparameterswere further fine tuned through brain storming sessions with key researchers. Specificindicators under each parameterwere identified for assessing the cleanliness from variouscategoriesofrespondents.

Theweights tobeattached todifferentparameterswere finalized throughasurvey inDelhiamongthetouristsanddiscussionwiththeexperts.

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1.6.2a Response Level Weights

Theweightingmethodusedattheresponselevelwasindependentoftherespondentcategoryandparameterforwhichfeedbackwastaken.Weightswereassignedtovariousoptionsofeach question in such a way that the most negative observation/ option havingimplicationofpoorcleanlinesswasgiven the leastweightand theoptions indicatingbetter cleanlinesswere givenhigherweight. Theweight attached at the response levelunderdifferentscenarioswasbelow:

ForResponsescapturedaseitherYesorNo

The response thatpertained to clean scenariowas given aweightof 1 and the alternativeresponsewasgivenaweightof0.

Forresponsescapturedonascale

Responses pertaining to the least cleanliness were attached the least weightage and theresponsesreferringtothebestcleanlinesswasattachedhighestweight.Weightagesappliedweredifferent incaseofquestionshaving3pointsscaleand5pointsscale.Theweightagesattachedinthesetwoscenarioswereasunder:

5PointsScaleLeastclean(VeryPoor)

Lowercleanlinesslevel(Poor) Average Good VeryGood

1 2 3 4 5

3PointsScale Poor Average Good 1 2 3

1.6.2b Respondent Level Weights

Though,thefocusofthestudyistowardscleanlinessofthecityfromtouristperspective;mostofthetouristsdontnecessarilyobservethecleanlinesscarefully.Therefore,thedatacollectsweredeployedspecificallyforthispurposeandtheirobservationweregivenhigherweightage.

Differentweightswereattachedtotheresponsesofdifferentcategoryofrespondents.Theseweights were decided in consultation with the client. The weights attached to differentcategoryofrespondentsareasbelow:

Table1.3:WeightAttachedtoDifferentRespondentCategories

Sl. Respondents Weight1 InterviewersObservation 802 ULBofficials 053 Tourists 104 Locals 05



6.2c Question Level Weights

Variousaspectsofthecleanlinesswerecapturedunderdifferentparameters.Eachparameterhasdifferent levelof contribution to the cleanlinessof the city. Therefore,parameter levelweights were also applied for developing cleanliness index. The parameter level weightsfinalizedinconsultationwiththeclientareasbelow:

Table1.4:WeightsAttachedtoDifferentParameters

ParametersforAssessingCleanlinessStatus ParameterWeightCleanlinessofsewer/drainage 15Effectivenessofgarbagecollectionanddisposalsystem 20Cleanlinessofpublicconveniences 15Cleanlinessarounddrinkingwaterfacility 10Cleanlinessaroundeateries 10CleanlinessonAmbiencerelatedaspects 30

TOTAL 100

1.6.3 Steps to Cleanliness Index Calculation

Themethodologydevelopedforthisstudyfollowsastandardsetofsteps,hasafixedprotocolfordatacollectionandanalysisandusesaconsistentanalysisandevaluationscheme leadingtovalidandcomparableresultsacrosscities.

Thedatacollected through the interviewswascleaned forcompleteness, logicalconsistencyandrangecheck.Thevalidatedandcleandatawasusedforcalculatingcleanliness indexofacity.Awelldefinedmethodologywasevolved fordeveloping the index.The samehasbeenexplainedstepbystepinthesubsequentparagraphsofthissection.

StepI:AggregationoftheResponsebyOptionTypeThedatacollected fromdifferentrespondentswereaggregated foreachresponse.Thetotalnumberofrespondentswhoansweredtothequestionswerealsoarrivedat.

Theresponsewhodidnotrespondtoaparticularquestionwastakenoutofanalysis.Relevantvalidationchecksweredoneafterthesecalculations.

StepII:ApplicationofRespondentLevelWeight

The respondent levelweightwasappliedonaggregated response foreachoptionofall thequestions.Thehighestpossibleweightedscoreforeachquestionwasalsocalculated.

StepIII:ApplicationofQuestionLevelWeight

Theweighted score arrived at after stepII on different indicators of a parameter for eachrespondent category was added to arrive at the stepIII level weighted score for eachparameter.



At this stage question level weight was applied. This gave two sets of scores for eachparameter composite score arrived at from the responses positive on cleanliness andmaximumpossiblescoreoncleanlinessforallthosewhoresponded.

StepIV:CleanlinessIndexfortheCity

Parameterlevelcleanlinessindexwascalculatedbycalculatingweightedscorefromresponsesaspercentofthemaximumpossiblescoreattheparameterlevel.

1.7 Method for Categorization of the Cities:

ThecleanlinessIndexarrivedatforeachcity,thecitieswillbeplacedindifferentcategoriesaspresentedinTable1.5.

Table1.5:CategorizationofCities

Sl CityCategory Description1 Green Cleancity(81 100)2 Blue Citiesdoinggoodjobbutneedsmoreefforts(6180)3 Black Citiesneedingpriorityactionstoimprovecleanliness(3160)4 Red Citiesrequiringurgentactiontoimprovecleanliness(upto30)



ChapterII:Findings



Chapter-II: Findings

The chapterpresents the findingsbasedon thedata collected through interviews,observations and secondary sources from 36 cities covered in the study. The rawdatawasanalyzedasperthemethodologydescribedinthepreviouschapter.

2.1OverallCityScoreandCategory

Thefindingsrevealthatamongthe36Citiescoveredinthisstudy,thecleanestcityisGangtokwithaCleanlinessIndexof76,followedbyPanaji,Silvassa,HyderabadandDiu.Thesefivecitiesareinbluecategory.

The five least clean cities among the cities covered under the study are Raipur,Deoghar,Haridwar,ShillongandPuducherry.Two citiesRaipurandHaridwarhavereceivedlessthan50score.

Table2.1:OverallScoreandCategory

Rank State/UT State/UTsName CityName CleanlinessIndexScore Category

1 State Sikkim Gangtok 76 2 State Goa Panaji 71 3 UT DadarandNagarHaveli Silvassa 70 4 State Telangana Hyderabad 70 5 State Gujarat Ahmedabad 68 6 UT DamanandDiu Diu 68 7 State Delhi Delhi 67 8 UT Chandigarh Chandigarh 67 9 State Kerala Ernakulum 67 10 State Haryana Panchkula 66 11 State AndhraPradesh Tirupathi 66 12 State Assam Guwahati 65 13 State WestBengal Kolkata 64

14 UT AndamanandNicobarIslands PortBlair 63 15 State HimachalPradesh Shimla 62 16 State TamilNadu Chennai 62 17 State Manipur Imphal 62 18 State Karnataka Bangalore 61 19 UT Lakshadweep Kavaratti 61 20 State ArunachalPradesh Tawang 60 21 State Mizoram Aizawl 60 22 State Maharashtra Mumbai 60 23 State Punjab Amritsar 60 24 State Tripura Agartala 60 25 State MadhyaPradesh Bhopal 60



26 State JammuandKashmir Jammu 59 27 State Bihar Patna 59 28 State Orissa Puri 59 29 State UttarPradesh Agra 58 30 State Rajasthan Ajmer 56 31 State Nagaland Kohima 55 32 UT Puducherry Puducherry 52 33 State Meghalaya Shillong 51 34 State Jharkhand Deoghar 51 35 State Uttarakhand Haridwar 48 36 State Chhattisgarh Raipur 36

2.2CityRankbyCityType

Thefindingsofthestudycovered inthestudyhavealsobeen lookedatbythecitytypebasedontheiruniformityonbasiccharacteristics.ThecitieshavebeengroupedunderMetroCities,SmallandMediumSizedCities,CitiesfromNorthEasternStatesandCitiesfromUnionTerritory.

ThissectionpresentsthefindingsonthecitythatreceivedthehighestscoreandtheleastscoreinCityTypegroup.

Thebestperformingcityfromeachcitytypeareinblue.Mostoftheseareplannedcities.ThesecitiesareHyderabadinTelangana,PanajiinGoa,GangtokinSikkimandSilvassaofUT.SomeofthemareveryclosetobebecomingGreencategorycitywithsmalleffort.



Table2.2:CleanlinessIndexScorebyCityCategory

Sl. Type State/UTsName CityName CleanlinessIndexScore CategoryMetrocities

1 State Telangana Hyderabad 70 2 State Delhi NewDelhi 67 3 State WestBengal Kolkata 64 4 State TamilNadu Chennai 62 5 State Karnataka Bangalore 61 6 State Maharashtra Mumbai 60

MediumandSmallSizedCities7 State Goa Panaji 71 8 State Gujarat Ahmedabad 68 9 State Kerala Ernakulum 67 10 State Haryana Panchkula 66 11 State AndhraPradesh Tirupati 66 12 State HimachalPradesh Shimla 62 13 State Punjab Amritsar 60 14 State MadhyaPradesh Bhopal 60 15 State JammuandKashmir Jammu 59 16 State Bihar Patna 59 17 State Orissa Puri 59 18 State UttarPradesh Agra 58 19 State Rajasthan Ajmer 56 20 State Jharkhand Deoghar 51 21 State Uttarakhand Haridwar 48 22 State Chhattisgarh Raipur 36

CitiesfromNorthEasternStates23 State Sikkim Gangtok 76 24 State Assam Guwahati 65 25 State Manipur Imphal 62 26 State ArunachalPradesh Tawang 60 27 State Mizoram Aizawl 60 28 State Tripura Agartala 60 29 State Nagaland Kohima 55 30 State Meghalaya Shillong 51

CitiesfromUnionTerritories31 UT DadarandNagarHaveli Silvassa 70 32 UT DamanandDiu Diu 68 33 UT Chandigarh Chandigarh 67 34 UT AndamanandNicobarIsland PortBlair 63 35 UT Lakshadweep Kavaratti 61 36 UT Puducherry Puducherry 52



2.3 City-wise Analysis of Cleanliness Index The city wise findings are arranged in the order of descending order of thecleanliness indexscorewith ineachcitytype.Thesequenceofpresentationofcitytype isMetroCities,SmallandMediumCities,Cities fromNorthEasternStateandCitiesfromUnionTerritories.

MetroCities

2.3.1Hyderabad

AbouttheCity

Hyderabad city is thecapital cityof the Indian state of Telangana. It lies on theDeccan Plateau, 541meters (1776 ft) above sea level, over an area of 625 km.Hyderabadcity isknown for itsrichhistory, foodand itsmultilingualculture,bothgeographically and culturally. Hyderabad and Secunderabad aretwin cities,separatedbytheHusainSagar,amanmadelakein1562.

Table2.3:KeyFactsaboutHyderabad

1.State Telangana2.District Hyderabad3.Mainlanguage Telugu4.Totalpopulation 7,749,334 (asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:85.96%andFemale:79.79%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel OctobertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:25C 40C andWinters:13C28C

8.ReasonforvisitingHyderabad

1.DeliciousFood2.RichCulture3.ImagesofthePast

Source: Census2011andHyderabadDistrictAdministrationWebsite

ListofthelocationswheresurveywasconductedisavailableinAnnexureI.

KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,HyderabadwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof70isintheBluecategoryonCleanliness Index.Thecity isdoinga reasonablygood joboncleanlinessand substantialeffortwouldbe required formoving to thenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.



Current Status of Cleanliness

Thecityisdoingverywellinmaintainingcleanlinessaroundeateries,drinkingwaterfacility, garbage collection and disposal, sewer and drainage and keeping theambience clean at places visited by tourists. Efforts are required to improvecleanlinessofpublicconveniences.

Table2.4:CleanlinessIndexofHyderabadbyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Hyderabad Rank forPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 70 1 Sewer/Drainage 63 22 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 78 53 PublicConveniences 52 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 71 45 Eateries 91 66 Ambience 70 3

TopPriorityAreasforAction

ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninHyderabadare:

1.CleanlinessofPublicConveniences.



2.3.2NewDelhi

AbouttheCity

NewDelhi is thepoliticalhub and capitalof India.NewDelhi stands in a triangleformedbytheriverYamunaintheeastandspursfromtheAravalirangeinthewestandsouth.NewDelhiisnotonlythelargestcommercialcentreinNorthernIndia,butalsothelargestcentreofsmallindustries.Itlieson,293metersabovesealevelwithtotalareaofaround1,483sqkm.

Table2.5:KeyFactsaboutNewDelhi

1.State Delhi2.District Delhi3.Mainlanguage Hindi,English,UrduandPunjabi4.Totalpopulation 16,787,941(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:90.94%andFemale:68.85%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel OctobertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:25C 45C andWinters:5C25C

8.ReasonforvisitingNewDelhi

1.DelhiMetro2.PoliticalHub3.HistoricalMonuments

Source: Census2011andDelhiTourismWebsite


KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,NewDelhiwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof67isintheBluecategoryonCleanliness Index.Thecity isdoinga reasonablygood joboncleanlinessbutmoreeffortsarerequiredtoretain itscurrentratingandsubstantialeffort would be required for moving to the next better category of cities oncleanliness.

CurrentStatusofCleanliness

Thecityisdoingverywellinmaintainingcleanlinessaroundeateries;drinkingwaterfacility,garbageconditions,sewer/drainageandkeepingtheambiencecleanatplacesvisited by tourists. Efforts are also required to improve cleanliness of publicconveniences. Multiple municipal bodies (i.e. NDMC, SDMC and EDMC) wereinterviewedinDelhi.



Table2.6:CleanlinessIndexofNewDelhibyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter NewDelhi RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 67 1 Sewer/Drainage 65 32 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 64 23 PublicConveniences 53 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 67 55 Eateries 66 46 Ambience 79 6

Top Priority Areas for Action

ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninNewDelhiare:

1.CleanlinessofPublicConveniences;and

2.GarbageCollectionandDisposal



2.3.3Kolkata

AbouttheCity

Kolkata is the capitalof the Indian stateofWestBengal. It isalso the commercialcapital of East India, located on the East bank of the Hooghly River. TheKolkatametropolitan areais spreadover1,886.67km2. The sea,BayofBengal, isnot farfromtheplaceandisabout60milesaway.

Table2.7:KeyFactsaboutKolkata

1.State WestBengal2.District Kolkata3.Mainlanguage Bengali4.Totalpopulation 4,486,679 (asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:89.08%andFemale:84.98%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel OctobertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:35C 40C andWinters:12C25C

8.ReasonforvisitingKolkata1.OldestMetroLine2.Festivals3.CulturalHotspot

Source: Census2011andKolkataTourismWebsite


KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,KolkatawithaCityCleanlinessIndexof64isintheBlue category on Cleanliness Index. The city is doing a reasonably good job oncleanlinessbutmoreeffortsare required toensure that itdoesnotslip toa lowercategoryoncleanliness.


The city is doing well in maintaining cleanliness around eateries, drinking waterfacility,garbage collectionanddisposal, sewer/drainageandkeeping theambienceclean at places visited by tourists. Efforts are required to improve cleanliness ofpublicconveniences.



Table2.8:CleanlinessIndexofKolkatabyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Kolkata RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 64 1 Sewer/Drainage 63 32 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 64 43 PublicConveniences 51 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 63 25 Eateries 64 56 Ambience 72 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninKolkatais:

1. CleanlinessofPublicConveniences

2. CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacilities;and

3. CleanlinessaroundSewerandDrainage



2.3.4Chennai

AbouttheCity

Chennaiisthecapitalcityofthestate,TamilNadu.ChennaiissituatedonthenortheastendofTamilNaduonthecoastofBayofBengal.Itliesbetween12*9'and13*9'of thenorthern latitudeand80*12'and80*19of the southern longitudeona`sandyshelvingbreakersweptbeach'. It stretchesnearly25.60 kms.Along theBaycoast fromThiruvanmiyurinthesouthtoThiruvottiyur inthenorthandruns inlandin a ruggedsemicircularfashion. It is bounded on the east by the Bay of BengalandontheremainingthreesidesbyChengalpattuandThiruvallurDistricts.

Table2.9:KeyFactsaboutChennai

1.State TamilNadu2.District Chennai3.Mainlanguage Tamil4.Totalpopulation 4,646,732 (asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:93.70%andFemale:86.64%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel NovembertoFebruary7.Temperature: Summers:25C 45C andWinters:20C24C

8.ReasonforvisitingChennai1.Temples2.Shopping3.Beaches

Source: Census2011andChennaiDistrictAdministrationWebsite


Key Findings

Overall Rating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,ChennaiwithaCityCleanliness Indexof62 is intheBluecategoryonCleanlinessIndex.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityrequiresmoreattentionto improvecleanliness.Thecityneedstotakeupconcertedefforts for improving cleanliness of the city in order to move to remain in thiscategory.



Current Status of Cleanliness

Thecity isnear theaveragecleanliness indexonall theparameters.Outof thesixparameters reflecting current cleanliness status, noparameter is in green and redcategory,3parametersareinblackand3are inbluecategory.Thevaluesof indiceson theseparameter rangesbetween43 to100.Cleanlinessofpublicconveniences,cleanliness around drinking water facility, and eateries are pulling down thecleanliness of the city. The city is doing relatively better with respect tosewer/drainage cleaning, Garbage collection and disposal and cleanliness ofambience.

Table2.10:CleanlinessIndexofChennaibyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Chennai RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 62 1 Sewer/Drainage 68 52 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 67 43 PublicConveniences 43 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 54 25 Eateries 60 36 Ambience 71 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninChennaiis:


2. CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility;and

3. CleanlinessaroundEateries.



2.3.5Bangalore

AbouttheCity

BangalorealsoknownasBengaluruisoneofthelargestcitiesandisthefifthlargestmetropolitanareain India.Bangalore isknown for itspleasant climate throughouttheyear.ItselevationisthehighestamongthemajorlargecitiesofIndia.Bangaloreisknownas the "SiliconValleyof India"becauseof its roleas thenation's leadinginformationtechnology(IT)exporter.KeyfactsaboutBangalorearepresentedintheTablebelow:

Table2.11:KeyFactsaboutBangalore

1.State Karnataka2.District BangaloreUrban3.Mainlanguage KannadaandEnglish4.Totalpopulation 9,621,551(Census2011)5.LiteracyRate 87.67%6.Seasonfortravel OctoberFebruary7.Temperature: Summers:20C 36CandWinters:17C27C

8.ReasonforvisitingBangalore

1.TheworldsbestDosaatMTR/CTR/VidyarthiBhavan2.Oneofthosefewcitiestokeeptheateralive3.Therichlypaintedcitywalls4.WomenfeelsaferherethaninmostothercitiesinIndia5.TechnologyandStartUpHub

Source: Census2011andBangaloreDistrictAdministrationwebsite.

Listof the locationsandmarketplacewhere surveywas conducted isavailable inAnnexureI.KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,BangalorewithaCityCleanlinessIndexof61isintheBluecategoryonCleanlinessIndex.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityrequiresmoreattentionto improvecleanliness.Thecityneedstotakeupconcertedeffortsforimprovingcleanlinessofthecityinordertoremaininthiscategory.


Thecity isneartheaveragecleanliness indexona largenumberofparameters.Outofthesixparametersreflectingcurrentcleanlinessstatus,noparameter is ingreen



andredcategory,3parametersare inblackcategory,and3 is inbluecategory.Thevaluesofindicesontheseparameterrangesbetween47to68.Cleanlinessofpublicconveniences, Cleanliness around drinkingwater and eateries facilities are pullingdown the cleanlinessof the city.The city isdoing relativelybetterwith respect toCleaningofsewer/drainage,Garbagecollectionanddisposalandambiancerelated.

Table2.12:CleanlinessIndexofBangalorebyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Bangalore RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 61 1 Sewer/Drainage 67 52 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 68 63 PublicConveniences 47 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 58 35 Eateries 56 26 Ambience 66 4


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninBangaloreare:

1.CleanlinessofPublicConveniences

2.CleanlinessaroundEateriesfacility;and

3.CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility.



2.3.6Mumbai

AbouttheCity

MumbaialsoknownasBombayisthecapitalcityoftheIndianstateofMaharashtra.It is themostpopulouscity in India,mostpopulousmetropolitanareain India,andtheeighthmostpopulouscityintheworld.Mumbaiisthefinancial,commercialandentertainmentcapitalofIndia.

Table2.13:KeyFactsaboutMumbai

1.State Maharashtra2.District Mumbai3.Mainlanguage Marathi4.Totalpopulation 12,478,447(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:93.32%andFemale:86.70%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel OctoberandFebruary7.Temperature: Summers:20.5C33CandWinters:16.4C28.6C

8.ReasonforvisitingMumbai1.DeliciousFood2.BestNightlifeinIndia3.TheSparklingBollywood

Source: Census2011andMumbaiDistrictAdministrationWebsite


KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,MumbaiwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof60 is intheBlackcategoryonCleanliness Index.Thecity isdoingareasonablygood joboncleanlinessbutmoreeffortsarerequired formoving to thenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.


Thecityisdoingverywellinmaintainingcleanlinessaroundeateries;drinkingwaterfacility and keeping the ambience clean at places visited by tourists. Efforts arerequired to improve cleanliness of public conveniences, garbage collection anddisposalandcleanlinessaroundsewer/drainage.



Table2.14:CleanlinessIndexofMumbaibyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Mumbai RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 59 1 Sewer/Drainage 60 32 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 57 23 PublicConveniences 56 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 62 55 Eateries 61 46 Ambience 64 6

TopPriorityAreasforAction

ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninMumbaiare:


2. GarbageCollectionandDisposal;and

3. CleanlinessaroundSewer/Drainage.



MediumandSmallSizedCities

2.3.7PanajiAbouttheCity

Panaji is the capitalofGoa and is the largest city, ahead ofMargaoandVasco daGama. It has an average elevation of 7meters (23 feet). It lies on the banks oftheMandoviRiver.Panajiislocatedat152956N734940E.

Table2.15:KeyFactsaboutPanaji

1.State Goa2.District NorthGoa3.MainLanguage Konkani,EnglishandHindi4.TotalPopulation 114,405(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:94.61%andFemale:86.94%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel DecembertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:23C40CandWinters:15C33C8.ReasonforvisitingPanaji 1.AttractiveTouristDestinationsandBeaches

2.Carnivals3. Water Sports

Source:OfficialWebsiteofPanajiDistrictAdministration,Census2011

KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,PanajiwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof71isintheBluecategoryonCleanlinessIndex.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecity isdoing a very good job on cleanliness butmore focused efforts are required formovingtothenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.


Outof the sixparameters reflectingcurrentcleanliness status,oneparameter is ingreencategory,1parameter is inblackand4parametersare inbluecategory.Thevaluesofindicesontheseparameterrangesbetween58to89.Cleanlinessofpublicconveniences ispullingdown the cleanlinessof the city. The citysperformance isexcellent with respect to cleanliness affecting ambience of the places visited by



tourists.Itisdoingwelloncleaningofsewer/drainages,cleanlinessaroundeateries,drinkingwaterfacilityandgarbagecollectionanddisposal.

Table2.16:CleanlinessIndexofPanajibyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Panaji RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 71 1 Sewer/Drainage 68 42 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 63 23 PublicConveniences 58 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 70 55 Eateries 68 36 Ambience 89 6

Priority Areas for Action

ThetopareasrequiringactionforimprovingcleanlinessinPanajiare:

1. CleanlinessofPublicConveniences;and

2. GarbageCollectionandDisposal



2.3.8Ahmedabad

Aboutthecity

AhmadabadisthecapitalofthewesternstateofGujarat.Itislocatedonthebanksofthe Sabarmati River and is spread over an area of 464 km2. Ahmadabad liesat23.03N72.58Eandis53meters(174ft)abovesealevel.

Table2.17:KeyFactsaboutAhmadabad

1.State Gujarat2.District Ahmadabad3.Mainlanguage GujaratiandHindi4.Totalpopulation 5,570,585(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:93.96%andFemale:84.81%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel October toMarch7.Temperature: Summers:24C 39C andWinters:10C24C

8.ReasonforvisitingAhmadabad

1.GarbhaNights2.WinterCarnival(CelebrationofMakarSakranti)3.16thCenturyCraftsmanship

Source: Census2011andAhmadabadDistrictAdministrationWebsite

TheListofthelocationswheresurveywasconductedisavailableinAnnexureI.

KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,AhmadabadwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof68isintheBluecategoryonCleanlinessIndex.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityisdoingaverygoodjoboncleanlinessbutmorefocusedeffortsarerequiredformovingtothenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.


Thecity isnear theaveragecleanliness indexonall theparameters.Outof thesixparametersreflectingcurrentcleanlinessstatus,1parameter is ingreencategory,2parametersare inblackand3are inbluecategory.Thevaluesof indiceson theseparameter rangesbetween46 to100.Cleanlinessofpublic conveniences, garbagecollectionanddisposalarepullingdownthecleanlinessofthecity.Thecity isdoingrelativelybetterwith respect toambiencearounddestinations,Cleanlinessarounddrinkingwaterfacility,eateriesandsewer/drainage.



Table2.18:CleanlinessIndexofAhmadabadbyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Ahmadabad RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 68 1 Sewer/Drainage 72 32 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 59 23 PublicConveniences 46 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 74 55 Eateries 73 46 Ambience 83 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninAhmadabadis:

1. CleanlinessaroundPublicConveniences;and

2. GarbageCollectionandDisposal.



2.3.9Ernakulum Aboutthecity

ErnakulumisthecommercialcapitalofKerala.ThenameErnakulumisderivedfromtheveryfamoustempleofLordShivacalledtheErnakulathappanTemple.ThecityisamajorfinancialandcommercialhubofKerala.Itislocatedat9o57Nlongitudeand76o15Elatitude.

Table2.19:KeyFactsaboutErnakulum

1.State Kerala2.District Ernakulum3.MainLanguage MalayalamandEnglish4.TotalPopulation 3,282,388(asperCensus2011)

5.LiteracyRate Male: 95.95% and Female: 90.96% (as per Census2011)6.SeasonforTravel OctoberandMarch7.Temperature: Summers:24C37CandWinters:17C33C

8.ReasonforvisitingErnakulum1.NaturalBeauty

2.SeacoastandBeaches.

Source:OfficialWebsiteofGovernmentofKerala,ErnakulumDistrictAdministration,Census2011

ThelistofkeylocationsandmarketplacewheresurveywasconductedisavailableinAnnexureI.

KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,ErnakulumfallsinBluecategorywithaCleanlinessIndexscoreof67.Thecity isdoinga reasonablygood joboncleanlinessbutmoreefforts are required to retain its current rating and substantial effort would berequired formoving to the next better category of cities on cleanliness.A uniquestate specific approachmay be required to improve cleanliness due to extensivecoastline.


The city isdoing verywell inmaintaining cleanliness around eateries; keeping theambience clean at places visited by tourists. Efforts are also required to improve



cleanlinessofpublicconveniences,cleanlinessofseweranddrainageandcleanlinessofthedrinkingwaterfacility.

Table2.20:CleanlinessIndexofErnakulumbyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Ernakulum RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 67 1 Sewer/Drainage 60 32 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 71 43 Publicconveniences 46 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 59 25 Eateries 87 66 Ambience 75 5

PriorityAreasforAction

Thekeypriorityareasforactiontoimprovethecleanlinessofthecityare:



3. CleanlinessofSewer/Drainage



2.3.10Panchkula

Aboutthecity

Panchkula isaplannedcity in the stateofHaryana.PanchkulaandChandigarharetwincities. ItcomprisesoftwosubdivisionsandtwoTehsilsnamelyPanchkulaandKalka.Ithasanaverageelevationof365mor1,198feet.

Table2.21:KeyFactsaboutPanchkula

1.State Haryana2.District Panchkula3.MainLanguage HaryanviandHindi4.TotalPopulation 561,293(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:87.04%andFemale:75.99%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel OctobertoFebruary7.Temperature: Summers:30C 39C andWinters:05C14C8.ReasonforvisitingPanchkula

1.Attractivetouristdestinations2.BiggestGardenofAsia

Source:OfficialWebsiteofPanchkulaDistrictAdministration,Census2011

KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,PanchkulawithaCityCleanlinessIndexof66isintheBluecategoryonCleanlinessIndex.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityis doing a reasonably good job on cleanliness but some efforts are required formovingtothenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.


Outofthesixparametersreflectingcurrentcleanlinessstatus,noparameterisinredcategory,3parameterisinblack,2parametersareinbluecategoryand1parameteris ingreencategory.Thevaluesof indicesontheseparameterrangesbetween0to89. Cleanliness of public conveniences, cleanliness around eateries and Sewer/Drainageispullingdownthecleanlinessofthecity.Thecityisdoingrelativelybetterwith respect to cleanliness around drinking water facilities and ambience of theplacesvisitedbytourist.



Table2.22:CleanlinessIndexofPanchkulabyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Panchkula RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 66 1 Sewer/Drainage 55 22 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 64 53 PublicConveniences 57 34 DrinkingWaterFacility 61 45 Eateries 49 16 Ambience 89 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentactioninPanchkulaare:

1.CleanlinessaroundEateries

3.CleanlinessaroundSewer/Drainage;and

4.CleanlinessofPublicConveniences.



2.3.11Tirupati

AbouttheCity

Tirupatiis amajor pilgrimage and cultural city ofAndhra Pradesh. It is located atthefoothills of the Eastern Ghats. Tirupati has several temples and it is amajoreconomical and educational hub in the Southern region. It is one of the richestpilgrimage cities of any religious faith in theworld. Tirupati is located on thefoothilltownofTirumalahillsandtheplaceofLordVenkateswara,apilgrimplacewhichisvisitedbyover180lakhdevoteesannually.

Table2.23:KeyFactsaboutTirupati

1.State AndhraPradesh2.District Chittoor3.MainLanguage Telugu4.TotalPopulation 459,985(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:92.74%andFemale:82.21%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel SeptembertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:25C 43CandWinters:15C37C8.ReasonforvisitingTirupati 1. ItistherichestHindutempleinentireworldandis

thesecondmostvisitedpilgrimagedestinationintheworldafterVatican.

2.Itisbelievedthatnearly60000pilgrimsvisitTirupatieverydayandonfestivaldays.

3.BuiltmainlyinDravidianstyleofarchitecture

Source:OfficialWebsiteMinistryofTourism,Census2011andChittoorDistrictAdministrationThelistofkeylocationswheresurveywasconductedisavailableinAnnexureI

KeyFindings

OverallRating

As can be seen from the Table 2.2, Tirupati falls in Blue city category with aCleanlinessIndexscoreof66.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityisdoingareasonablygood joboncleanlinessbutmoreeffortsarerequiredformovingtothenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.ItmaymovefurtherintoGreencategorywithfocusedapproachimprovingcleanlinessofthecity.




ThearearequiringurgentattentioninTirupatiisCleanlinessofPublicConveniences,Cleanliness around Eateries and cleanliness of sewer/ drainage. Tirupati is doingrelativelybetteronparameterslikeambienceandcleanlinessarounddrinkingwaterfacility.

Table2.24:CleanlinessIndexofTirupatibyParameter&Prioritiesforimprovingcleanliness

Sl. Parameter Tirupati RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 65 1 Sewer/Drainage 51 12 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 68 53 PublicConveniences 58 24 DrinkingWaterFacility 62 45 Eateries 59 36 Ambience 81 6


Thetopareasrequiringactiononprioritybasisare:

1.Cleanlinessofsewer/drainage

2.CleanlinessofPublicConveniences;and

2.CleanlinessaroundEateries.



2.3.12Shimla

AbouttheCity

Shimla is the capital cityofHimachalPradesh,a state located inNorthernpartofIndia. It issurroundedbygreenhillswithsnowcappedpeaks.Theelevationof thecityrangesfrom300to2,200meters(980to7,220ft).

Table2.25:KeyFactsaboutShimla

1.State HimachalPradesh2.District Shimla3.MainLanguage Himachali(Pahari),HindiandEnglish4.TotalPopulation 8,14,010(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:95.75%andFemale:93.35%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel ApriltoAugustandDecembertoJanuary7.Temperature: Summers:15C 27C andWinters:0C7C8.ReasonforvisitingShimla 1.NaturalBounties 2.ScenicLocation

3.GreenHillswithSnowycappedPeaksSource:OfficialWebsiteofShimlaDistrictAdministrationandMinistryofTourism


KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,Shimla is intheBluecategorywithaCleanlinessIndexscoreof62.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityisdoingareasonablygoodjoboncleanlinessbutmoreeffortsarerequiredtoretainitscurrentratingandmuchmoreeffortwouldberequiredformovingtothenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.


Asfarastheexistingstatusofcleanlinessisconcerned,theparametersthatdemandurgent attention are garbage collection and disposal, cleanliness of publicconveniences, cleanliness around drinkingwater facility and cleanliness of sewer/drainage.Thecity isdoingareasonablygood jobwithregardtocleanlinessaroundeateriesandmaintaininggoodambienceatplacesvisitedbytourists.



Table2.26:CleanlinessIndexofShimlabyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Shimla RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 62 1 Sewer/Drainage 60 42 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 56 23 Publicconveniences 52 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 59 35 Eateries 79 66 Ambiences 62 5

PriorityAreasforImprovingCleanliness

ThetopactionareasforimprovingcleanlinessinShimlaare:1. CleanlinessofPublicConveniences



4. Cleanlinessaroundsewer/drainage



2.3.13Amritsar

AbouttheCity

Amritsar isthespiritualandculturalcenterfortheSikhreligion.Amritsar issituated217 kilometers northwest Chandigarh. The main commercial activities includetourism, carpets and fabrics, farm produce, handicrafts, service trades, and lightengineering.Thecityisknownforitsrichcuisineandculture,andfortheJallianwalaBaghin1919underBritishRule.

Table2.27:KeyFactsaboutAmritsar

1.State Punjab2.District Amritsar3.Mainlanguage PunjabiandHindi4.Totalpopulation 2,490,656(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:80.15%andFemale:71.96%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel OctobertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:16C40CandWinters:4C32C

8.ReasonforvisitingAmritsar1.GoldenTemple2.WagahBorder3.JallianwalaBagh

Source:OfficialWebsiteofAmritsarDistrictAdministration,Census2011


KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,AmritsarwithaCityCleanliness Indexof60hasfallsintheBlackcategoryonCleanlinessIndex.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityrequiresmoreattentiontoimprovecleanlinessinordertomovetonextbestcategory.


Thecityisneartheaveragecleanlinessindexonarangeofparameters.Outofthesixparameters reflecting current cleanliness status, noparameter is in green and redcategory,5parametersareinblackcategory,and1isinbluecategory.Thevaluesofindices on these parameter range between 0 to 72. Cleanliness pf Publicconveniences,Cleanlinessofsewer/drainageetcarepullingdownthecleanlinessof



thecity.Thecityisdoingrelativelybetterwithrespectambienceoftheplacesvisitedbytourist.

Table2.28:CleanlinessIndexofAmritsarbyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Amritsar RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 60 1 Sewer/Drainage 54 22 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 58 53 PublicConveniences 50 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 57 45 Eateries 56 36 Ambience 72 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninAmritsarare:


2.CleanlinessofSewer/Drainage


4.CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility;and

5.GarbageCollectionandDisposal.



2.3.14Bhopal

Aboutthecity

Bhopal,thecapitalofMadhyaPradesh is located inthecentralpartof India. It isafascinatingamalgamofscenicbeauty,oldhistoriccityandmodernurbanplanning.ItwasfoundedbyRajaBhojinthe11thcentury,butthepresentcitywasestablishedbyanAfghansoldier,DostMohammed(17071740).Bhopalhasanaverageelevationof500mmeters(1401ft)abovesealevel.BhopalislocatedontheMalwaplateauisjustnorthoftheupperlimitoftheVindhyamountainranges.

Table2.29:KeyFactsaboutBhopal

1.State MadhyaPradesh2.District Bhopal3.Mainlanguage HindiandEnglish4.Totalpopulation 1,795,648 (asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:89.19%andFemale:80.90%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel NovembertoFebruary7.Temperature: Summers:30C 47C andWinters:06C16C

8.ReasonforvisitingBhopal1.HeritageSights2.CulturalHubs

Source:Census2011andBhopalDistrictAdministrationWebsite


KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,BhopalwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof60isintheBlackcategoryonCleanliness Index.The findingsabout thecityshow that thecityrequiresmoreattentiontoimprovecleanliness.Thecityneedstosustainedefforttogointhebluecategory.


The city is near the average and below average on cleanliness index on all theparameters.Outofthesixparametersreflectingcleanlinessstatus,noparameterisingreencategory,4parametersare inblackand2are inbluecategory.Thevaluesofindices on these parameter ranges between 42 to 75. Cleanliness of publicconveniences, Cleanliness around drinking water facility etc. pulling down the



cleanlinessofthecity.Thecity isdoingrelativelybetterwithrespecttokeepingtheambiencecleanandbygarbageandcollectiondisposal.

Table2.30:CleanlinessIndexofBhopalbyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Bhopal RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 60 1 Sewer/Drainage 55 32 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 61 53 PublicConveniences 42 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 58 45 Eateries 52 26 AmbienceRelated 75 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninBhopalis:

1. CleanlinessaroundPublicConveniences

2. Cleanlinessaroundeateries

3. CleanlinessaroundSewer/Drainage;and

4. CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility.



2.3.15Jammu

AbouttheCity

Jammuthewintercapitalofthestate,isknownasthecityoftemples.Itisbelievedthat the citywasoriginally foundedbyRaja Jamboo Lochan who livedinfourteenthcenturyB.C.Jammuissituatedonahillock,onthebankofriverTawi.Jammu falls in submountainous region at the foothills of the Himalayas. Shivalikrange rises gradually in the north part of the district andmergeswith the IndoGangeticplainsintheSouth.Jammucityislocatedatanelevationof1030feetabovethesealevel.

Table2.31:KeyFactsaboutJammu

1.State JammuandKashmir2.District Jammu3.Mainlanguage Urdu,HindiandEnglish4.Totalpopulation 503,690 asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:93.13%andFemale:85.82%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel OctobertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:18C 40C andWinters:08C39C

8.ReasonforvisitingJammu1.Temples2.NaturalBeauty3.GolfTourism

Source: Census2011andJammuDistrictAdministrationWebsite

ListofthelocationswheresurveywasconductedisavailableinAnnexureI. KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,JammuwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof59isintheBlackcategoryonCleanliness Index.The findingsabout thecityshow that thecityrequiresmoreattentionto improvecleanliness.Thecityneedstotakeupconcertedeffortsforimprovingcleanlinessinordertomovetonextbettercategory.


Thecityisneartheaveragecleanlinessindexonmostoftheparameters.Outofthesix parameters reflecting current cleanliness status, no parameter is in greencategory,3parametersare inblack,3are inbluecategory.Thevaluesof indicesonthese parameters range between 0 to 72. Cleanliness of public conveniences ,



garbagecollectionanddisposalandcleanlinessaround sewer/drainagearepullingdown the cleanlinessof the city.The city isdoing relativelybetterwith respect toCleanlinessaroundeateries,cleanambienceandcleanlinessarounddrinkingwaterfacility.

ULBrelateddataforJammuisbasedonthesecondarysourcesonly.

Table2.32:CleanlinessIndexofJammubyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Jammu RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 59 1 Sewer/Drainage 57 22 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 57 33 PublicConveniences 44 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 72 65 Eateries 70 56 Ambience 64 4


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninJammuis:


2. CleanlinessofSewer/Drainage;and




2.3.16Patna

Aboutthecity

Patna,thecapitalofBiharissituatedonthesouthernbankoftheriverGangesatanaltitudeof53metersabovethesea level.Thecity isapproximately35km longand16kmto18kmwide.

Table2.33:KeyFactsaboutPatna

1.State Bihar2.District Patna3.MainLanguage HindiandMagahi4.TotalPopulation 5,838,465(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:78.48%andFemale:61.96%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel OctobertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:28C 41C andWinters:12C32C8.ReasonforvisitingPatna 1.Ancientmonuments

Source:OfficialWebsiteofPatnaDistrictAdministration,Census2011andMinistryofTourism

Listof the locationsandmarketplacewhere surveywas conducted isavailable inAnnexureI.KeyFindings

OverallRating

As canbe seen from theTable2.2,Patnawitha cleanliness indexof59 isaBlackcategorycityshallfocuson improvingcleanlinessofthecity.Evensmall initiative inimproving the cleanliness of the city can bring it to blue category on cleanliness.Howeversubstantialeffortisrequiredtoimprovecleanlinessofthecityasitislackingincleanlinessonsomeoftheparameters.


Concerted efforts for garbage collection and disposal, cleanliness of publicconveniences and cleanliness around sewer and drainage is required. The city isdoing relativelybetterwith respect toCleanlinessaroundeateries,cleanambienceandcleanlinessarounddrinkingwaterfacility.



Table2.34:CleanlinessIndexofPatnabyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Patna RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 59 1 Sewer/Drainage 52 12 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 56 33 PublicConveniences 53 24 DrinkingWaterFacility 63 45 Eateries 65 56 Ambience 66 6


Thetopareasrequiringattentiononpriorityforimprovingcleanlinessofthecityare:

1. CleanlinessaroundSewer/Drainage

2. CleanlinessofPublicConveniences;and

3. GarbageCollectionandDisposal.



2.3.17Puri

AbouttheCity

PuriisacityintheEasternstateofOdisha.ItpopularlyknownforthetempleofLordJagannath.Itcoversanareaof3051sq/kmsandislocatedat1928NLatitude2635N, 84 29 E. Longitude 86 25 E. Its altitude is at sea level. Paddy, wheat, andgroundnutaresomeofthemajorcropsgrowninthisDistrict.HandicraftandcottageindustriesofthisDistrictisfamoustheworldover.

Table2.35:KeyFactsaboutPuri

1.State Orissa2.District Puri3.MainLanguage Oriya4.TotalPopulation 1,698,730(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:90.85%andFemale:78.28%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel NovembertoFebruary7.Temperature: Summers:24C36CandWinters:17C28C8.ReasonforvisitingPuri 1.Sightseeing

2.TemplesSource:OfficialWebsiteofPuriDistrictAdministration,Census2011


KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,PuriwithaCityCleanliness Indexof59 is intheBlackcategoryonCleanlinessIndex.IthasmissedtheBluecategorymarginally.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatsomeextraeffortsarerequiredformovingtothenextbettercategoryofcitiesoncleanliness.Itmaymovefurther intoBluecategorywithfocusedapproachimprovingcleanlinessofthecity.


Thecity isnear theaveragecleanliness indexonall theparameters.Outof thesixparametersreflectingcurrentcleanlinessstatus,noparameterisingreencategory4parametersare inblack category,2parametersare inblue category.Thevaluesofindices on these parameter ranges between 0 to 68. Cleanliness of publicconveniences, cleanliness around sewer/drainage, garbage collection and disposal,



cleanlinessarounddrinkingwaterfacilityarepullingdownthecleanlinessofthecity.The city isdoingwellwith respect to cleanlinessaroundeateries,andkeeping theenvironmentcleanofthedestinationswhichisvisitedbytourists.

Table2.36:CleanlinessIndexofPuribyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Puri RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 59 1 Sewer/Drainage 52 22 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 59 43 PublicConveniences 46 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 58 35 Eateries 63 56 Ambience 68 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninPuriare:



3.CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility;and

4.GarbageCollectionandDisposal.



2.3.18Agra

AbouttheCity

AgraisacityonthebanksoftheriverYamunainthenorthernstateofUttarPradesh,India. It is amajor tourist destination because of itsmany splendidMughalerabuildings.AgraalsohousesTajMahal,oneofthewondersoftheworld.Agraliesat27.11'degree LatitudeNorthand78.0'degree to78.2'degree LongitudeEast. Itsaltitudeis169metersabovesealevel.AlthoughtourismcontributestoalargeextentintheeconomyofAgra,thecityhasasubstantialindustrialbase.

Table2.37:KeyFactsaboutAgra

1.State UttarPradesh2.District Agra3.MainLanguage HindiandUrdu4.TotalPopulation 4,418,797 (asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:80.62%andFemale:61.18%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel OctobertoMarch7.Temperature: Summers:21.9C 45C andWinters:04C31.7C8.ReasonforvisitingAgra 1.Exquisite Architecture

2. Taj MahalSource:OfficialWebsiteofAgraDistrictAdministration,Census2011

Listof the locationsandmarketplacewhere surveywas conducted isavailable inAnnexureI.

KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,Agrawithacleanlinessindexscoreof58isaBlackcategorycityrequiringmoreattentiontoimprovecleanlinessofthecity.Thecitycanmove toBlue category of citieson cleanlinesswith a concerted effort to improvecleanliness.


The city needs to focus on cleanliness of public conveniences, cleanliness arounddrinkingwater facilityetc.Thecity isdoingwellwith respect tocleanlinessaroundeateries,andkeeping theenvironmentcleanof thedestinationswhich isvisitedbytourists.



Table2.38:CleanlinessIndexofAgrabyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Agra RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 58 1 Sewer/Drainage 57 42 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 48 33 PublicConveniences 45 14 DrinkingWaterFacility 46 25 Eateries 67 56 Ambience 74 6


Thetopareasrequiringintheorderoftheirpriorityforimprovingcleanlinessofthecityare:


2. CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility

3. GarbageCollectionandDisposal;and

4. Cleanlinessaroundsewer/drainage



2.3.19Ajmer

AbouttheCity

Ajmer, the fifth largest city inthe state of Rajasthan, is a centre of culture andeducation.Ajmer isapopularpilgrimagecentre for theMuslimsaswellasHindus.Theelevationofthecity is486m(1,594ft).KeyfactsaboutAjmerarepresented intheTablebelow:

Table2.39:KeyFactsaboutAjmer

1.State Rajasthan2.District Ajmer3.Mainlanguage Marwari4.Totalpopulation 5,42,250(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:82.44%andFemale:55.68%(asperCensus2011)6.Seasonfortravel OctoberandMarch7.Temperature: Summers:22C40CandWinters:8C33C

8.ReasonforvisitingAjmer1.AravalliMountains2.ShrineofSufiSaintKhawajaMoinuddinChisti3.TempleofBrahma

Source:OfficialWebsiteofAjmerDistrictAdministration,Census2011andMinistryofTourism

ListofthelocationswheresurveywasconductedisavailableinAnnexureI.KeyFindings

OverallRating

AscanbeseenfromtheTable2.2,AjmerwithaCityCleanlinessIndexof56isintheBlackcategoryonCleanliness Index.The findingsabout thecityshow that thecityrequiresmoreattentionto improvecleanliness.Thecityneedstotakeupconcertedeffortsforimprovingcleanlinessofthecityinordertomovetonextbettercategoryandshallfocusontoa largenumberofparametersfor improvingcleanlinessofthecity.


Thecity isnear theaveragecleanliness indexonall theparameters.Outof thesixparametersreflectingcurrentcleanlinessstatus,noparameterisingreencategory,5parametersareinblackcategoryandonly1inbluecategory.Thevaluesofindicesonthese parameter ranges between 0 to 64. Cleanliness of Public Conveniences,



sewer/drainage etc. are pulling down the cleanliness of the city. The city is doingrelativelybetterwithrespecttotheambienceoftheplacesvisitedbytourists.

Table2.40:CleanlinessIndexofAjmerbyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Ajmer RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 56 1 Sewer/Drainage 46 12 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 60 43 PublicConveniences 48 24 DrinkingWaterFacility 52 35 Eateries 57 56 Ambience 64 6


ThetopareasrequiringurgentattentioninAjmerare:



3.CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility

4.GarbageCollectionandDisposal;and




2.3.20Deoghar

Aboutthecity

Deogharisan importantreligiouscityofthestateofJharkhand.Deoghar is locatedat24.48Nand86.7E.Ithasanaverageelevationof254meters(833feet).Deoghar,alsoknownasBaidyanathDham,isanimportantHindupilgrimagesite.Deogharhasanattractivelandscape,withwatercoursesandsmallhills.

Table2.41:KeyFactsaboutDeoghar

1.State Jharkhand2.District Deoghar3.MainLanguage SantaliandHindi4.TotalPopulation 203,116(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:79.13%andFemale:52.39%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel OctobertoFebruary7.Temperature: Summers:23C36CandWinters:7C27C8.ReasonforvisitingHaridwar 1.YogaandMeditationHubforInternationalTourist

2.ReligiousandSpiritualSightsplacesSource:OfficialWebsiteofDeogharDistrictAdministrationandCensus2011


KeyFindings

OverallRating

As can be seen from the Table 2.2, Deoghar is in the Black city categorywith aCleanlinessIndexscoreof51.Thefindingsaboutthecityshowthatthecityrequiresmore attention to improve cleanliness round the years. The cityneeds to takeupconcertedeffortsforimprovingcleanlinessofthecityinordertomovetonextbettercategory.


The parameters demand attention are cleanliness ofpublic conveniences, garbagecollection and disposal, cleanliness around drinking water facilities cleanliness ofsewer/drainage adversely. The city is doing a reasonably good jobwith regard tocleanlinessaroundeateriesandkeepingtheambiencecleanbutatcertainlevel.



Table2.42:CleanlinessIndexofDeogharbyParameter&PrioritiesforImprovingCleanliness

Sl. Parameter Deoghar RankforPriorityinAction CITYCLEANLINESSINDEX 51 1 Sewer/Drainage 56 42 GarbageCollectionandDisposal 37 13 Publicconveniences 41 24 DrinkingWaterFacility 47 35 Eateries 61 56 Ambiences 62 6

PriorityAreasforImprovingCleanliness

ThetopactionareasforimprovingcleanlinessinDeogharare:

1.GarbageCollectionandDisposal


3.CleanlinessaroundDrinkingWaterFacility

4.CleanlinessaroundSewer/Drainage;and

5.Ambience



2.3.21Haridwar

Aboutthecity

Haridwaris city in Uttarakhand state of India. Haridwar is place where the riverGanges enters in plain areas ofNorth India after flowing 250 kms from its originGaumukh(GangotriGlacier).HaridwarcontainstwowordsHari&Dwar.HarimeansGod&Dwarmeansgate.HaridwarisknownforAartiofriverGanges.

Table2.43:KeyFactsaboutHaridwar

1.State Uttarakhand2.District Haridwar3.MainLanguage GarhwaliandHindi4.TotalPopulation 1,890,422(asperCensus2011)5.LiteracyRate Male:81.04%andFemale:64.79%(asperCensus2011)6.SeasonforTravel FebruaryMarchandAugustOctober7.Temperature: Summers:35C45CandWinters:10C30C8.ReasonforvisitingHaridwar 1.YogaandMeditationHubforInternationalTourist

2.ReligiousandSpiritualplacesSource:Official

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