Study Guide Tissues

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E P I T H E L I A L SHAPES ARRANGEMENT OF CELLS GLANDS CHARACTERI Cuboidal: Dice shaped cellfor secretion !idne"# $lands% Columnar: &ric!'shaped cellssecretion' a&soption instestines( )*ices# n*trients% Squamous: plateli!e cells for e+chan$e &" diff*sion l*n$s# capillaries%, Epider-is Simple:One la"er Stratified ( M*ltila"er Pseudostratified: Loo!s li!e -*ltiple# &*t is sin$le &eca*se of different hei$ht and n*cle*s position, Exocrine: d*cts that secrete to a s*rface, Endocrine: D*ctless# pass-aterials intothe &loodstrea-, Polarized: Apical s*rface l*-en' pro)ections Basal surface ( opposite ite of ea C O N N E C T I / E Bone: -inerali0ed, Osteo&lasts'deposits -atri+ of colla$en, Ions1-atri+2hard -aterial, Osteons( repeatin$ *nits .ith concentric la"ers of -atri+, Prod*ce -arro.'plas-a cells, Spon$" cancello*s% &one s*rro*nded &" co-pact, Fibrous: dense .ith colla$eno*s fi&ers, Tendons( -*scles to &one, Li$a-ents( &one to )oints, Loose: (collagen) Most co--on, 3inds epithelia to *nderl"in$ tiss*es# holds or$ans into place, s*pport# elasticit"% dipose:stores fat in adipose cells adipoc"tes% thro*$ho*t -atri+, Pads# ins*lates &od", Cartilage: colla$eno*s tiss*e e-&edded in protein'car&oh"drate co-ple+ chondroitin s*lfate%# secrete chondroitin, Chondrocytes secrete colla$en and chondroitin, ri&s# ears# )oints% Blood: Plas-a'-atri+ containin$ .ater# salts# and proteins, Collagenous fibers: stren$th# fle+ !eticular fibers: )o)n connecti4e Elastic fibers ( Elasticit", Blast: &*ild Clast: re-o4e -aterial C"tes:-aintain M 5 S C L E S#eletal: Sarco-eres *nits%'striated -*scle# attached to &ones &" tendons, /ol*ntar" -o4e-ent, Consists of -*scle fi&ers f*se in de4elop-ent'-an" n*clei%, Ad*lt increase si0e &*t no -ass, Smoot$: lac!s striations, Intestine# *rinar" &ladder# arteries# internal or$ans, In4ol*ntar" -o4e-ent, Pindle shaped, Cardiac: Contractile .all of the heart, Striated, Fi&ers that interconnect 4ia intercalated dis!s# rla" si$nals# s"nchroni0e heat contraction, Responsi&le for -o4e-ent, F -"osin% that ena&le -*scle con N E 5 R O N A L I-for-ation recepeit# processin$# trans-ission, Ne*rons' trans-it ner4e i-p*lses# s*pport $lial cells $lia'no*rish# ins*late# reple 3asic *nits of ner4o*s s"ste-, Recei4e ner4e i-p*lses 4ia cell &od" and dendrites, Tr

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Tissues

Transcript of Study Guide Tissues

EPITHELIALSHAPESARRANGEMENT OF CELLSGLANDSCHARACTERISTICS

Cuboidal: Dice shaped cell for secretion (kidney, glands)Columnar: brick-shaped cells secretion-absoption (instestines: juices, nutrients)Squamous: platelike cells for exchange by diffusion (lungs, capillaries). EpidermisSimple: One layerStratified: MultilayerPseudostratified: Looks like multiple, but is single because of different height and nucleus position.Exocrine: ducts that secrete to a surface.Endocrine: Ductless, pass materials into the bloodstream.Polarized: Apical surface (lumen-outisde of organ) with projectionsBasal surface: opposite ite of each epithelium

CONNECT IVEBone: mineralized. Osteoblasts-deposits matrix of collagen. Ions+matrix=hard material. Osteons: repeating units with concentric layers of matrix. Produce marrow-plasma cells. Spongy (cancellous) bone surrounded by compact.Fibrous: dense with collagenous fibers. Tendons: muscles to bone. Ligaments: bone to joints.Loose: (collagen) Most common. Binds epithelia to underlying tissues, holds organs into place. (support, elasticity)Adipose: stores fat in adipose cells (adipocytes) throughout matrix. Pads, insulates body. Cartilage: collagenous tissue embedded in protein-carbohydrate complex (chondroitin sulfate), secrete chondroitin. Chondrocytes secrete collagen and chondroitin. (ribs, ears, joints)Blood: Plasma-matrix containing water, salts, and proteins. Collagenous fibers: strength, flexibility.Reticular fibers: jojn connective tissue to adjacent tissues.Elastic fibers: Elasticity.

Blast: build Clast: remove materialCytes: maintain

MUSCLESkeletal: Sarcomeres (units)-striated muscle, attached to bones by tendons. Voluntary movement. Consists of muscle fibers (fuse in development-many nuclei). Adult increase size but no mass.Smooth: lacks striations. Intestine, urinary bladder, arteries, internal organs. Involuntary movement. Pindle shaped. Cardiac: Contractile wall of the heart. Striated. Fibers that interconnect via intercalated disks, rlay signals, synchronize heat contraction.

Responsible for movement. Filaments containing proteins (actin, myosin) that enable muscle contraction.

NEURONALImformation recepeit, processing, transmission. Neurons- transmit nerve impulses, support glial cells (glia-nourish, insulate, replenish neurons, sometimes modulate neuron function)Basic units of nervous system. Receive nerve impulses via cell body and dendrites. Transmit impulses to cells via axon.


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HISTOLOGY: Study of Tissues

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PHYSIOLOGY Greek word Physis-------nature Logos-------study It is the study of biological functions of how the body works from cell to tissues, tissues.