Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.
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Transcript of Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.
![Page 1: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Study Guide
State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact
![Page 2: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1. Natural Rights
• Life
• Liberty
• Property
![Page 3: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2. Define State of Nature
• No Government
• No protection of natural rights
![Page 4: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
3. Life Difficult in a State of Nature
• No protection for those who are weaker
• In a constant state of survival
![Page 5: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
4. Define Social Contract
• Agreement to give up some liberties to a government in exchange for protection of natural rights
![Page 6: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
5. Popular Sovereignty
• Popular Sovereignty - the people have the power ; The Right of Gov’t to exist comes from the people
![Page 7: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
6. Baron De Montesquieu
• Separation of Powers – separate government into 3 branches to keep the gov’t from becoming abusive
![Page 8: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
7. Legislature
• Law making body of gov’t
• In Great Britain - Parliament
![Page 9: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
8. Separation of Powers
• Limits the power/ability of gov’t
![Page 10: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
9. Important to Limit Gov’t
• So that it cannot become abusive
![Page 11: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
10. Thomas Hobbes
• Social Contract
• People allow rulers that will protect their rights
![Page 12: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
11.Baron de Montesquieu
• Separation of Powers
• 3 branches of government
![Page 13: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
12. Voltaire
• Right to freedom of political speech, religion, etc.
![Page 14: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
13. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Popular Sovereignty
• Citizens
![Page 15: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
14. Magna Carta
• Created by the barons and signed by King John
![Page 16: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
15. Peasants and Barons
• Peasants – Poor Farmers
• Barons – Upper class rich aristocrats; nobility
![Page 17: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
16. Effect of the Magna Carta
• Limited the power of the King
![Page 18: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
17. Significance of Mayflower Compact
• First written plan of government in America
• Set example for the Declaration of Independence/Constitution
![Page 19: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
18. Necessity of Mayflower Compact
• Stop mutiny among the Pilgrims/Puritans
![Page 20: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
19. Written and Signed
• The 41 men of the Mayflower ship
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20. Direct and Representative Democracy
• Direct Democracy – all are involved in running the community
• Representative Democracy - Leaders are elected to run the community
![Page 22: Study Guide State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551bdd01550346af588b5c1c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
21. Which is which?
• Jamestown – Representative Democracy
• Plymouth Colony – Direct Democracy
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22. Glorious Revolution
• When Parliament forced King James II from throne and gave it to William and Mary
• (Mary was the daughter of James II)
• 1688
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23-25. English Bill of Rights
• No prison without due process (following proper procedures)
• No loss of property without due process• No cruel Punishment• No standing army in peacetime• No taxes without Parliament• Right to bear arms• Freedom of Speech in Parliament• Yes, we have all of these today!