Study design dot points: physiological strategies to …...2019/02/10 · Soreness (DOMS) Physical...

© Chris Hudd & Edrolo 2016

Presented by Chris Hudd

Study design dot points:• physiological strategies to prevent musculoskeletal injuries such as physical

preparation of athletes, warm ups and cool downs• the role of physical aids that support the musculoskeletal system such as

protective equipment, taping and braces

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Unit 1Area of study 1

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Physical aids that support the musculoskeletal system

Physiological strategies to prevent musculoskeletal injuries

This lesson

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In order to reduce the chance of musculoskeletal injury, all possible precautions must be followed by the relevant parties, including associations, clubs, administrators, coaches and athletes.

A variety of physiological strategies exist that will assist in reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injuries occurring. These include:

• Pre-activity screening

• Physical preparation of athletes (training)

• An adequate warm-up

• Cool-downs


Physical aids that support the

musculoskeletal system

Physiological strategies to prevent

musculoskeletal injuries

Image used under license from en.wikipedia.org

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Any person who is involved in, or intends to commence some form of physical activity or sport should complete pre-activity screening.

Regular fitness testing and/or a Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaires will minimise the risk of injury by highlighting health concerns and existing injuries.

Pre-event: Pre-participation screening

Source: https://lifetimefitnessandwellness.wikispaces.com/file/view/par-q1.gif/195059250/960x1241/par-q1.gif





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It is important individuals ensure they achieve appropriate fitness levels prior to undertaking physical activity or sport. A well designed training program, with correct application of training principles and adequate rest is vital to reduce risk in training.

Training methods that can be used to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries include:

• Strength/Resistance Training

• Core Training

• Flexibility Training

Pre-event: Physical preparation





Images used under license from en.wikipedia.org

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Strength/resistance training

A properly designed and individualised strength/resistance training program will have a positive influence on enhancing performance, and reducing the risk of injury in sport.

Strength/Resistance training will result in:

• Forms the foundation for the development of speed, power and agility.

• Improves balance and stability

• Preserves functional capacity (extent to which a person can increase exercise capabilities)






Images used under license from en.wikipedia.org

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Core training

The core region incorporates a variety of important muscle groups including the abdominals, obliques, gluteals, and other important muscle groups at the pelvic floor and hip girdle.

Core-strength training will result in:

• Improved running efficiency

• Improves balance and stability

• Decreased lower back injuries

• Improved transfer of power between the upper and lower body extremities.







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Flexibility training

As part of any conditioning program, participation in regular flexibility training, will result in:

• The reduction of injury risk due to an increased range of motion

• An enhancement of speed, strength and power

• A reduction in the effects of Delayed Onset of Muscular Soreness (DOMS)







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Adequate warm-up

An adequate warm-up physiologically prepares the body for the upcoming exercise bout.

Acute responses including increased heart rate, increased blood flow, and increased muscle temperature and length all occur as a result.

A warm-up should incorporate:

• Approximately 5 minutes of light aerobic training

• Similar movements or exercises (to those performed in sport) should be completed in the warm-up

• Dynamic stretching specific to the activity about to follow







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Outline a physiological strategy that could be used by an athlete, in the lead-up to an event, to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.

(2 marks)

Short answer activity – Write a response

[Written by the author] 11


Sample Response:

An athlete could ensure that they have completed the adequate volume and quality of training that is required to become physiologically conditioned and ready for the activity at hand.

Ensuring that the body is physiologically conditioned will reduce the risk of any musculoskeletal injuries.

Short answer activity – Mark this response

Key Points: Mark allocation

Outline of a physiological strategy to reduce the risk of a musculoskeletal injury

1 mark

How this strategy could reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury 1 mark


(2 marks)



Short answer - Teacher’s mark

Sample Response:

An athlete could ensure that they have completed the adequate volume and quality of training that is required to become physiologically conditioned and ready for the activity at hand.

Ensuring that the body is physiologically conditioned will reduce the risk of any musculoskeletal injuries.



1 mark



(2 marks)



Short answer activity - Mark your response



1 mark



(2 marks)



Adequate cool-down

• A low intensity, active recovery promotes blood flow preventing blood pooling and facilitating the removal of metabolic by-products.

• The active recovery should involve the completion of similar actions to those utilised in the activity. These actions should simply be performed at a lower intensity in recovery.

• An adequate cool-down will allow individuals to return to pre-exercise levels for a variety of physiological markers.

• Stretching should also be incorporated into any post-game routines, as this will assist in the reduction of the effects of DOMS.

Post-event






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Many individuals choose to utilise physical aids such as protective equipment, taping and braces to minimise the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.






Image used under license from pixabay.com


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Taping and bracing

Taping and bracing joints prior to completing exercise can reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries by:

• Improving stability of joints

• Improve strength of joints, and restrict the amount of movement possible at the joint (helps prevent ligament damage)

• Provide the athlete with confidence in their joints, which is particularly important if there is a history of injury

Physical aids






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Protective equipment

Protective equipment that is generally sport-specific is available to individuals to help prevent, or at the least reduce, the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.

Depending on the sport/activity, some of this protective equipment is deemed compulsory, while in other activities their use is optional.





Image used under license from pixabay.com

Physical aids

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Some common protective equipment used in various sports include:

• Helmets

• Mouthguards

• Protective Eyewear

• Shoulder padding

• Elbow pads

• Gloves

• Knee pads

• Shin guards

• Footwear






Physical aids

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Short answer activity – Write a response


Using the below picture as a guide, outline the following:

• Possible cause of risk

• Type of risk

• Protective equipment designed to reduce the risk of injury

• How the equipment reduces risk

1+1+1+1=4 marks






Risk management systems during event: Protective equipment

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Using the below picture as a guide, outline the following:

• Possible cause of risk

• Type of risk

• Protective equipment designed to reduce the risk of injury

• How the equipment reduces risk

1+1+1+1=4 marks

Type of risk = Physical Risk – Acute Direct InjuryHow the equipment reduces risk = The equipment is able to absorb the force of any contact between the ball and the athlete’s body.

Sample Response:






Short answer activity – Mark your response

Risk management systems during event: Protective equipment

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Sports Medicine Australia (SMA) is Australia’s sports medicine body that provide programs, resources and advice to people and organisations.

Smartplay safety guidelines for Clubs, Associations and Facilities include information on:

• Injury Records

• Injury referral

• Modified sports

• Sports first aid information – prevention and management

• Coaching accreditations – recognised courses

• Management of environment and facilities

Sport medicine Australia

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Physiological strategies to prevent musculoskeletal injuries include:

• Pre-activity screening

• Physical preparation of athletes (training)

• An adequate warm-up

• Cool-downs

Physical aids that support the musculoskeletal system:

• Protective equipment

• Taping and bracing



Summary

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Unit 1Area of study 1

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We do our best to make these slides comprehensive and up-to-date, however there may be errors. We'd appreciate it if you pointed these out to us! 25

Study design dot points: physiological strategies to …...2019/02/10 · Soreness (DOMS) Physical...

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