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THE STUDENT NONVIOLEUT COORDlliA.TING COMMITTEE l . . ..

1972 AUbilrn Avenue~. UE., . Atlanta J:, Georgia

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f ,· · ACROSS TEE EDITORS 1 DESK

March 1961 -·

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An~rica tcday is . a:t a crossroads. · The two-thirds of mankihd that are non-white are raising thoir heads and callill[.::· for thEdr just due in. 1961. It is time that our nat:L:on, and particUlarly our Sol.lthern statos 1 _

recognize ou;r responsibility to the >vorld, to mankind,, and to ourselves · by ridding our country of the cancer that is segregat~on. This sense oi' urgency is' accentuated by the ever :lncre.:1sing monentwti of vrorld events. The adnission·oi' thirteen npw African and Asian nations ~to the United · Nations in one day literally shifted the weight o.f internationa l authority i'rom white to non-white hands. The deapeni!1[; crisis in Laos and the i'evered reaction ·tb Israeli ts announcement oi' ·-a nuclear plant dramatize again the fearful prospect t hqt nankind, both white and non"-White"' may be destroyed in .ait atomic holocaust of man's ovrn making. ~

Such signs oi' . the time speak to Anerica in clear and precise words. They say that our · c..ountry must purge itseif of the rabies !o.f racism and·· not ·with the ·;,deliberate speed" evidenced in sc.hool desefjregation. On the time-table o.f the world, to!7lorrow is today~· and only bQld forthri[.ht action can· ;squ,are America ts racial practices with the coveted role of world's champion advocate of democratic human ri[;,ht~. . .

Equaf.access . of all Americans to all public facil i ties is basic ·to r iddinG. AMerica of ,second cl01ss .citizenship,. ·. This .is t hG g"oal of th~ student orotest movemants We ar e dedicated to· this end because we know that our- dest.inios as individ~tals; as Americams aru:i a~ citizens o:f th e world will inevitably be determined by whether we conquer racial preju:iice or r acE! ' pre·judice conque rs ttso ·

NEWS !<'ROM THE ·sTA TES --- ~ ""'Cz>- - __ .,..,;... __ _

ALABAMA

Mobile-A federal court has directed the c ity of Mobile to dese.grer;ate all public golf courses •.

Montgomery-The Alabama Court of Appeals set aside convictions against seven Montgomery ~legroes, a white professorp Dr., Rich;,lrd Nesmith 3 of MacMurray College in Je.cksonville,nL, and a v1hite' ministeri the Rev,; R .. illvtiri King .. of Boston University)) who dined together in a Montgomery restaurant ~ The Appeals Court ruled th;lt tile charges did not spell out what of.f'et se : if ap,y;:; +~n ~~~~r= ~~~ ~n~~~~ + ~~

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NETIS FROM THE STATE.S CONTI::IUED

·n i S.T RT C T 0 F C_ 0 L U lvf B I A . ~ ": . .

17ashington- The George Ylashington, University Student Council voted to discontinue the student body's annual "Colonial Cruise" to Marshall Hall p..mu.sement Park because the ·park will not admit Negr,oes.· ·

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Miami-The Baltimore Orioles announced that tickets for exhibition games at Miami Stadium will be sold on an integrated bas is. Hereto.fore portions of: the grandstand have been designated for _:f'ans on racial. lines, with larger sections· made available when the demand w~rranted it. The action by the Orioles management established Miami as the fourth Florida city to remove the ban on exhibition game seating. ·

Vera Beach has maintained a come-one-come-all pattern since the Dodgers erected .their new park in 1952. ·

Al tang Field in St4 Petersburg has been desegregated by the Cardinals and Yankees since 1958~ '

.The .Braves also· issued instructions to integrate remove "colored" and "vrhite 11 signs from the washrooms

ticket sales and to at Bladr nton Field, .

GEORGIA I

A.tlanta~The agreement arrived at bet'ween loading merchants, 11 stUdents and adult leaders to desegreGated lunch counters in Atlanta, were entered upon with the intention of achieving the following objectives: (l) · Desegregation of the lunch counters and other facilities by the larg~st

number of merchants-with in the shortest period o.f time .. (2) Rehiring of those persons who were r eleased from employment during the

sit-in and boycott period. (3) Lii'ting of all charges brought against students and disrni~sal of all

cases from last March, 1960, to the presento-

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Adoption by the merchants a policy of upgrad ing and hiring Negroes in various job categories on the b asis of merit ~

Equal representation and responsibility by Negroes and white s in p lanning and carrying out orderly desegrega t ion. These negotiations have already begun. ·. · -

NOTE~ It is not- true that the integration o.f the lunch counters and other · facilities- is left -to · some uncertain 11 ii' or when" situation; nor is it true that desegregation of same is dependent upon the set tlement of the public school desegre'gation issue ., The . FACTS are: I t is agreed that desegregation of the lunch c ounters and other facilities will take place no later t han next fall 1 regardlef;ls oi' what occurs in c onnection with public school desegregation.,

Atlanta Police Department Superintendent 1 J e Le Tuggle$ announced that 10 to 15 additional Negro policemen will be hired in the near future ai'ter completion o.f the five-week training course 117

' . Athens--The dining room and all other facilities at the University of Georgia were ordered open to Negro students Charlayne Hunter and Hamil ton Holmes e

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NEVIS FROM THE STATES CONTINUED

GEORG IA

Hacon~Fifteen young Macon Negroes were arrested when they took seats in front sections of buses at four downtown locations arA refused to move to rear sections. They were chnrged 'r7ith violating a state law requir:lng per= sons to sit where they are assigned in buses.

Savannah-Mayor Malcom Maclean annour..ced the appointment of a color-ed mini.ster to one of the cit.y park boards, while also confirming the city-owned Bacon Park Golf course has been desegregated •. The Rev. Oliver W. Holmes is the new commissioner on the. board which supervises Bacon Park.

Augusta--Well known entertainer, 1~. Ray Charles, canceled an appearance at Bell Auditorium ITednesday night, March 15th, af~er learning that he was to appear under. segregated con:Utions. Students at Paine College had sent a telegram informing him of the situation. Mr. Charles said that "I £eel that it is the least that I can do to stand behind r.ry principles and help the students in their fight. .for their principles"•

INDIANA

Elkhart--More than 50 Negroes picketed in front of the Mayor.s office in protest against racial discrimination in employment in thi~ Indiana city.

KENTUCKY

Louisville-More than 280 Negro and white students were arrested for staging demonstrations against racial discrimination in movie theaters and restaurants in downtown Louisville. The fact of the matter is there has been considerable progress here already in integrating business establishments. Governor Combs entered integration talks at· City Hall and was closeted for 2! hours with Mayor Hoblitzell's emergency integration committee and two cfficials of the State Conunission on Human Rights, Thursday, March 16th.. Afterward, Combs said: u It was a very informative discussion ..... We're going to play it by earn e

LOUISIANA

New Orleans-About 100 song- singing, praying Neb:roes marched on city hall and the Louisiana Supreme .court'building in protest to r acial discrimination~ on March 11.. No incidents marred tht?- demonstration, which followed a four­front picket movement in .front of a grocery store and three five and dime stores

. It was reported to the SNCC office that the New Orleans Greyhound B-us Cafeteria has lowered its racial bars and are serving Negr oese Furthe r » tpe Trailwzy Bua Caf'eteria will serve Negroes. if they hold interstate tickets ..

MARYLAND

Montgomery County--~e ovmers of Glen Echo Amusement Park3 scene of protest over refusal to admit Negroes last summer, rec'ently announced that the p'ark will open soon on an i11tegrated b asis"

NEffS FROM THE S TATES CONTHIUED

MI SS IS S IPPI

Jackson~The reason why whit e p ol i t i c iaQB are d e t e rmined t o prevent Negr oes from voting freely in thi s state w~s revealed in a s t udy or the 1960 cens us r epor t for· Mississ ipp i'<. Mississ i ppi Negro cit izens c ould be mass voting ., control .36 per cent of the seats. in the House of Representatives urider present legisiative apportionmant . The census report showB 27 counties vlith

.. · .. more Negroes than whites .. · The report also upsets the argument by cpponents of legislat i ve reapportionment that redistribution of House seats nov/ rrj_ght open the doors for. Negro representatives from urban areas. As · of present, doors are open for Negro lawmakevs from rural aroas, too, if there ·were no voting restrictions. The 27 coUnties hold 49 seats in tho. House of Repre­sentatives, a 36 per cant of the total 149. Noxubee County, pointeq. out frequently as the most underpopulated, over represented county in the state ., has three House members for a total population of only 16,826. Of that population, only 4, 724 are white.

MISSOURI

St . Louis--The vice chairman of the Missouri Advisory Committee of the President rs Commission on Civil Rights was denied public accommodations because of race at Flat River , Moe, Greyhound Bus terminal.

Kans~s C ity~More than 100 pers ons picketed stores t hat have jim croYI hiring policios in downtovm Kansas Ci t y ..

N 0 R T H CAHOLINA

Charlntte--students are presently in negotiations with ovmers of local theaters in an effort to desegregate these facilities. Charlctta has been the scene of stand- ins at movie houses since February 1st.

Durham--Faculty membBrs of Dllico Uni vers i ty and North Carol ina College picke t jim c r ow theaters he r e . The gr oup carried ~igns in f r ont of t he Car ol ina and Center t heaters. The Rev. J. Neal Hugley, spoke sman f or the protesting group, said t he picket ing vrould be "continuous unt il the theaters integrate t heir audiences " ~

Fay etteville--students star ted p i cketing four theater s in downt ovm Fayette­vill e t hat have s egrega t ed balc onies f or Negr oes on March ll t h

Reidsville----A drive for j obs ar.d the abolit i on of r acial segr egat i on in public plac es was launched r ecentl y in Reidsvillee The action is spear~ head ed by the Rockingham County Impr ov ement League e One store here and the public l ibrary are reported t q have disconti nued r acial segregation.

Charlot ts=:=Trus te<?S of Cha r l otte and Carve r Colleges .)1 now lar gely segr egat ed_, declared f ormally that t he two institutions are open to all qualified students ~ HRac el! ~ the t r us t ees said, il i s not a factor in deter ming ent r ace r equirements" a

Charl otte Rehabilitation Hospital opened membership on i t s med ical staf£ · to Negro doct ors on Mar ch 7th 0

Raleigh:.....The state o.f North CarclinaJ! ·during this centennial Yiear of the War· betwee n tne s tates , is finally getting arounn to blottin~ slavel~y off its lawbooks ., It Is 91 years l ate'" But it had to happen sometime .,

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NE\IJS FROM THE STATES C OWfiNUED

OKLAH O MA

Oklahoma City-More than 50 Negro arrl white students staged a "squat-inn demoP.stration o~ttside a dmmtown Oklahoma City restaurant which refuses to admit Negroes., The Rev. Robart McDole, a Catholic priest and one of the . • 13 adults . . in the group were arrested. . . ,,

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S 0 U T H CAROLINA

Rock Hill--Four members of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, who followed the t1Jail1 No Bail" policy, completed 30-day terms growing .. out of anti-segregation demonstrations at Rock Hill, s. c. Freed were Diana J~ Nash . of Fisk ~niversity; Ruby D. Smith of SpaDnan College; Charles M. Sherrod of Virginia Union Universit,y; and Charles c. Jones of JohnBon c. Smith University,

The State of South Carolina has takei1 the first step toward revoking the driver's license of a cripple minister because he is one of the leaders ·. of the anti~segregation drive here. The Rev. c. A. Ivory, who has been · driving for 20 years , was told he could not be recorrnnended for renewal of his driver's permit. The minister told the license department official: "This is baing dona because of 11if active opposition to racial segregation". ·

Coltunbia-More· than 188 Negro collegians and the chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinat ing Committee ~ Mr ~ Cha r les McDew, were arrested L1 anti -segregation mar ches to t he South Car olina State Housae

The SNCC office learned recently that the Greyhound Bus cafeteria at Columbia has quietly dropped segregation in these facilities.

Greenville-Airport waiting rool11.'3 here will be integrated under a federal · · district court order.,

Sumter--Morris College students held anti-segregation demonstrations at Laws on 's and Alderman's drug stores, and at t he Carnegie Public Library which r esulted in the arrests of more than 65 colleg ians c

TENHESSEE

Chattanooga--Harassment has begun to plague demonstrations here at dmmtown theaters as arrests an:i ducktail hair ,white y ouths moved ill on the students • Rocks were· hurled in the first racial tiff in brief ex­changes, after a shoving incident at a dovmtown movie .. · There were ho . injuries and police made no arrests e The whole tping stemmed from an ·

_ incident in front of the Rogers theater 9 on Market st .. when a white . ·· Riggol d .li Ga .. .~~ l abor er and an 1 8 y ear old high school youth wer e arr es t ed on charges of disorderly conducte Incidentally, the Negro y outh arrested wa~ Willie Ricks, who has been fil'led three times f or d i sorderly c on..duct in e onnection with the theater 11Stand- Ins 11 ., It is reported that the Ricks family hav e r eceived many threatening c alls and on last Wed nesday night~ March 15th ~ a cross was burned in the yard of the f amily,. The picture at t he Rogers t heater when the tussle occm_xed WqS; rtf;!ell U! A Cit~' 11

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NE{7S FROM THE S1'A'l'ES CONTINlfill

TEI{NESSEE

Nashville-Theater 11Sta...'1d=Ins 11 continua at major downtown Nashville movie houses .. , ._ · ·

·-Jackso~Lunch counters remain closed here and students at Lane C0llege report that their movement is still underway and. community support iS growing.

TEXAS

Austin--Approximately 50-Negro arid m1ite students from the University o~ Texas have renewed movie 11Stand- Ins 11 at the Texas- theater., The theater is located across the street from the univei:'s ity campu.s •

Dallas--students resumed the'ater 11Stand-Ins 11 at the Majestic theater, this time with _ no incidents . Two week ago 80 Negro an:l white students staged demonstrations at both the Majestic apd Palace theaters, both owned by the Interstate Theaters, Inc • The _ Majestic 's -balco'ny is reserved for Negroes and the lower floor_ i:3 for v;hites.,

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Hou.ston~Moro than 27 Negro and white students hnve been arrested for :theater 11Stairl-Ins" in this city of J., ooo,ooo population,. The students are pres ently demonstrating in front of the Lcewts State -and Metropolitan

_theat res,.- Mos t demonstrators were membe:r;s of the Progressive Youth _ Association; but one white students from Rice University, said "refusing to s erve Negr oes is ·a silly discrimination. Vlhen I take part in this, I think I am defending my ovm rights imd the rights of all Americans".

Mr. Eldrewey "J. Stearne~, president of the Progressive Youth Associa­tion' ha s announced plans to-file a $500,000 suit against the operators of the _ Union Stati on coffee shop, where 12 Negro students were arrested f'or requesting service as inters tate travelers.

The SNcc· office was informed tha t t he Gnyhound Bus . Terr.Unal cafeteria has. dropped s egregation as now serve Negroe s in Houston.

.San Antoni()-=A group of Negro and white stu:!ents staged what was called an "orderly': demonstration in front of the Majestic theater in dovmtown San -Antonio recently., ·'

VIRGINIA

Charlottesville-:.After six Negro sttrlents were refused entrance to the off-carnpu;3 University Theaterll students and faculty members of the University of Virginia.ll launched a petition to gain community ...... vide bO"Jcott of the facility;

I . Harrpton--Students continue boycotting segregated theatres here afte:.r. the arrests of 14 ijampton InStitute colleg1ans~ I Lynchburg..:_Tirl~ Negro women wore. hired recently by Leggettfs D~pavtment in Izynchburg as saleswomen<~ Five othor Lynchburg stores are reportedly int er= v iswi.ng potential aaleswomona ·. - · ·· ·

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No:rfoJk~igns marking segregated restrooms ill Nor folk ~s newly dedicated Public Safe·'Gy Bu:Udi.Dg were removed s hort.iy a:fi-.er thR b11i ldinJ:T Qs rlA?.-l"''" --' ·""'

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NEHS FROM THE STATES CONTirH.JED

V I R G I ~I I A

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' :· ~ .. Roanoke-rna tea room in one of this citios largest department stores, Miller and Rhodes, has quietly desegregated. This change in service to Negro customers adds to the more than 15 eating establishments in downton Roanoke, a western Virginia commu11ity of nearly 200,0001 that have desegregated their eating facilities.

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It appears that Lee Junior High School will be the next Roanoke city school to face desegrega tion this fall. Since last S~ptember nine Negro children have added to the numbers now attending formerly all-white Monroe Junior High School, Melrose Elementary and West End Elementary schools.

ANNOUNCING ....

* THE ENCAMP1,1ENT FOR CITIZENSHIP * to be held June 25 to August 5, 1961, * in Ne-w York, California and Puerto * Ricos The purposes of the Encampment ~A- + + d , . - -are ~o promove a eeper unaersuandlng * of the varied peoples who make up * America and a deeper appreciat i on o£ ~~- the problems they- f'acee To inspire * the individual student, as a result of -n- his personal and educational experiences, * to enter more actively and purposefully -u- into ·the mainstream of his ovm comnuni ty rs *llie ·

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~~ Applications forms can be secured * by writing:

.* ENCA11PMENT FOR C ITIZEHSHIP

-ll-FREED.OM RID E ~}---- ~ _,;..---

-l~ FrBedom Ride, 1961, -l~ sponsored by CORE, will ~t- be a dramatic move tO ~!- complete the integration -l; of bus service ~nd accormno= -lr dat ion.s in the deep South ,. * ~a rc ide will begin in -ll- . Hashingto"n,D~C ~ about May + * and ·end in New Orleans on · *May 17. ~aveling via Grey­* h_ound and Trail1-vays, -the * Ride will test the recent * Supreme Court dec-ision -lr banning segregation of inter-J!- . . ~'- state passengers in lunch " room facilities cnerated. as ~t- . ::· ·-

1} 2 Tfest 64th Strae , ' an integral part of a bus -l} ~~ termi naL Cost :Bor Freedom

A NORTHE.HN COUNTERPART to the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee will be established at a . meeting in Chicago, April 14-16. All groups and individuals interested in atterding should c ont act the Emergency Public Integration Co~ittee~ Adams C-5, Cambridge 38, Mas sa9husettse

~~ Ride _, 1961, will tie borne by * CORE~ Participants w2ll need * to pay only incidental - -* expenses., For further in­-lr fonnation write Gordon R.; ~!- Carey, Field Director, * Congress Of Racial Equality, -l!- 38 Park Row, New York 38,N.YO!I

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The SOUTHERN CHRISTIAN LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE r ecently announced t hat thei~ Leadarshi p Training Progrfuu i s und erway at Highlander Folk School~ Monteagl e, Tennessee e Further .infonuation can be secured by ·wr iting to .Y!Ts .. Dorothy Cott on3 Educational Cons ultant 3 Southern Chr i5tian Leadership Conferenc e , 208 Auburn Avenue , NE .. , Atla nt"a 3 .. Ge org :iaa

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N EYIA~~Nri~!O:~ :~E::;:R~!S,f,u,:,:oN r "* " * >H if * * <f lf * * * * * * " ' ' ., , ' , - --- - OGQ ..... I REE.D COLLEGE SCHOLAPc.?HIP

nee-d letters i'n'.'itten by s tudents who · ·I were .arrested for s~tting-in foi- their I StUdents and faccl. ty members rights: all aver the Southland. 'The . ' _of R_eed College, Portland, Oregon., public~' . shoUld' kiww why you accept~d '. ! .. . nave infonned the· SNCC office that nJail. ,versus BailU. ·They should be they have· a scholarship available reminded of the principles involved. for_a s~uthern student ~ho has been And last . but ~ot least; they sh9,_,,d be ..... __ .C!-g.,t.J.Ye :1.n· the· "Sit-Tn11 Movement., clea:~lyjQld how-they can help~ - ~ The amount of the scholarshjcp will . . We need at least one letter .depend upon need and will meet all

. . . · . . expenses beyond what the student ~r~m every. s~~en~ vy_hq ~as g one to arp. his family· can supply for Jail explallling h1s mot1ves and tuition .·room · bdar·d & ·t t t · 8

· h · · . · · ' :~ . · ranspor a 1on . :x:pressl!Jg J.s concern. These letters . Both men and \vorrien are eiilg "bl •

· inay be argtunentative, exhortatory, · - . 1 8

• inspirational, ·analytic or invective. '' ' For further . ·information about rre .. believ.a that· the value of this :under- this scholarship, ·write to· the tak,ing can be of historic importance. Director of Admissions, ·Reed College, _PLEAS~ DO NOT _put this letter-·writirig Portia~ 2,. Oregon, ·

-campa1gn off~- · ~!' -:*' 1c- · ~< if*~~~:-~~ ~~~-r. ~~- ~<- 1:- * -Jf * -lf * Sen::l. all· letters to: YOUR VOICE

.' JJr, Timothy Jenkins, Nat '1 A.ffail's ... · . .-Vice-President; National Student . · · Association, 3457 Chestnut street,

. ?lylladeihphia 4, Pennsylvaniao

We think 11 Tho Student

l OO, OQO BACK SIT- INS

. ' One huncil:·ed thousand University. - stUdents .pf. Canad.a and thousar.ds of others

iri England, Wal.es, No;rthern Ireland, Luxembmirgh and~ the Notherlan)s have expressed. solid8rity with and moral . support of, th~ Negro .and white students whn soY'IIoo_ .. jail ant:l :chain gang' sentences . in Georgia' ·.south Car,olina and Vircdnia .

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Voi ce" serYes an invaluable · service. to the s ttrlents and ad u1 ts .;} throughout t ;1a United Stat es

-;:- who act i vely and nonviolently Are .;~ trying to Cl.bolish this evil -1~ that is segregation. · We think ~~ the student movement needs and .;:- wants a : 11Voice" • . Howev.er:, ~- inorder for us. to corrtiiime to c:;- publish this news let t~r) we * must depend upon your finaricial -:c- · contributions tp dQ so.,·: _We ->:- :regret having t o cease . from · -;, printing the "Voicen , ·but we

NEWS

~~ -::- ~- . must have the support of all -> ~ of you ~o do. so e We hbp~ you -1:- vfill coiltinue . to support' the :

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::: ,~.; . Student~ h~1(~:_ begun picketi~~- the .. E.JouthWEAtern Bel~ Telephone because.the company refuses ~o hire<Negro 'te lephone operators in Houston , Te:xas ~ • · ·

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4i' ·• 'Vio~k . of tho . ,1~Voicett fn the. ~<- futo/9 ., • ~ ;·~ ~'

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VIE . NEED YOUR HELP 1J 1