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Were All in This Together:Organization and

Teamwork

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Effective Organization

Structure Divide responsibilities

Distribute authority Coordinate and control work

Promote accountability

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Organization Chart

Formal organization

Informal organization

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Identifying

Job Responsibilities Work specialization

Advantages

Efficiency

Productivity

Disadvantages Boredom

Alienation

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Chain of Command

Responsibility

Accountability

Authority

Delegation

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Simplified Line-and-Staff

Structure Chain of command

Line organizationLine-and-staff organization

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Span of Management

Flat organizations

Tall organizations

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Decision-Making Authority

Centralized

Top-level management

Decentralized

Lower-level management

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Organizing the Workforce

Departmentalization

Function

Division

Network

MatrixHybrid

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Functional Structures

Skills

Resource use Expertise

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Departmentalization

by FunctionDisadvantages

Departmental Barriers

Slow Response Time

Ineffective Planning

Overspecialization

Advantages

Resource Allocation

Unified Direction

Improved Coordination

Better Communication

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Divisional Structures

Products

Processes Geography

Customers

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Departmentalization

by Divisions

Advantages Disadvantages

Flexibility

Better Service

Management Focus

Wasting Resources

Poor Coordination

Divisional Competition

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Departmentalization by

Matrix Advantages

Skills and expertise

Resource use

Disadvantages

Reporting issuesAuthority issues

Interpersonal conflicts

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Departmentalization by

Network Advantages

Lower costs

Increased flexibility More competitiveness

Disadvantages

Lower control Increased vulnerability

Less distinctiveness

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Hybrid Structure

Functions

Divisions

Network

Matrix

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Comparing Work Groups

and Work Teams Goals

Synergy Responsibility

Skills

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Workplace Teams

Problem-solving

Self-managed

Functional

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Cross-Functional Teams

Task forces

Special-purpose Committees

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Virtual Teams

Maximize diversity

Employ technology

Promote teamwork

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Working In TeamsOpportunities Challenges

Higher-quality decisions

Increased commitment

Lower stress levels

Less internal competition

Improved flexibility

Inefficiency

Groupthink

Diminished motivation

Structural disruption

Excessive workloads

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Characteristics

of Effective Teams Appropriate size and structure

Clear sense of purpose Open honest communication

Creative thinking

Focused efforts

Decision by consensus

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Five Stages of Team

Development Forming

Storming Norming

Performing

Adjourning

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Level of Cohesiveness

Competition

Meeting attendance

Team interaction

Evaluation

Work qualityGoal Achievement

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Emergence of Norms

Standards of conduct

Set limits

Identify values

Acceptable behavior

Clarify expectationsFacilitate survival

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Team Conflict

Competition for scarce resources

Responsibility issues

Poor communication

Values, attitudes, and personalities

Authority issues

Goal incompatibility

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Dealing With Conflict

Resolution

Avoidance

Confrontation Diffusion

Prevention

Clear goals

Well-defined tasks

Open communication

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Team Meetings

Clarify the purpose

Select participants

Clarify and focus on the agenda

Follow the rules

Promote participation

Close effectively