Structure II Fall 2013

Structure IISpring 2015Pertemuan I: 1 Maret 2015

Modul 1 : Sentences and ClausesModul 2: Conjunctions (Unit 1)

Meiliza Fitri

Universitas Terbuka Korea Selatan

Modul 1 : Sentences and Clauses

Unit 1 : ClausesIndependent Clauses Dependent ClausesTypes of Dependent Clauses

Unit 1 : ClausesA. Independent ClausesIndependent Clause (main clause): Kelompok kata yang saling berhubungan yang mempunyai subjek dan predikat dan dapat berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat yang lengkap dan utuh.Clause [noun; countable] : kelompok kata yang saling berhubungan yang memiliki subjek dan predikat.

Unit 1 : ClausesA. Independent ClausesRudy is my son.I know that boy.English is an international language.I have been to Singapore.We visited Kuta beach last year.

Unit 1 : ClausesB. Dependent ClausesDependent Clause (subordinate clause): Anak kalimat, mempunyai subjek dan predikat, tetapi tidak bisa berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat yang lengkap karena tidak mengekspresikan pemikiran yang lengkap.

Menggunakan subordinate conjunctions: who, that, whether, if, when, until, after, although, because, since, whereas, before.

Unit 1 : ClausesB. Dependent ClausesThat he is a banker.If you go by bus or by train.After you arrive in Bali.Whereas Anita is diligent.Why he cried.

Unit 1 : ClausesC. Types of Dependent ClausesDependent Clause, dapat berfungsi sebagaiKata benda (noun clause)Kata sifat (adjective clause)Kata keterangan (adverbial clause)

Unit 1 : ClausesC. Types of Dependent ClausesNoun ClauseDapat berfungsi sebagai:SubjekObjek kata kerja atau preposisiPelengkap

Subordinate conjunction yang digunakan:That, whether, if, what,....etc.

Unit 1 : ClausesC. Types of Dependent Clauses1. Noun Clause as subjectHow he gets the money is his own affair.What they did does not concern me.

2. Noun Clause as transitive objectI dont know where he lives.It is true that plants need water in order to live.

3. Noun ClauseMy question is why you did not come last night.My concern is how to pay the workers.

Karena sifatnya sebagai kata benda, noun clause bisa diganti dengan kata ganti it.

Unit 1 : ClausesC. Types of Dependent Clauses2. Adjective ClauseBerfungsi sebagai:Kata sifat (menerangkan kata benda)

Relative pronouns yang digunakan:which,who, whom, whose....etc.

Unit 1 : ClausesC. Types of Dependent Clauses

2. Adjective ClauseThe boy who/that gave me the book is Mr.Anwars son.The car that he drives is very expensive.He gave the money to the man who had done the work.Here is the book which/that describes animals.

Unit 1 : ClausesC. Types of Dependent Clauses3. Adverbial ClauseBerfungsi sebagai:Kata kata keterangan (menjelaskan kata kerja, kata keterangan, atau seluruh kalimat)

Relative pronouns yang digunakan:When, after, while, before, as soon as....etc.

Unit 1 : ClausesC. Types of Dependent Clauses

3. Adverbial ClauseYou may begin when you are ready.While he was walking home, he saw an accident.After she finished dinner, she went to bed.They sat down wherever they could find empty seats.

Unit 2 : SentencesClassification by TypesClassification by the Number of Full PredictionSentence [noun; countable] : kelompok kata yang yang memiliki subjek, predikat, dan mengekspresikan suatu informasi yang utuh.

Unit 2 : SentencesA. Classification by TypesDeclarative sentences (statement)Carol is happy.The child ate dinner.I have just bought the books.

Unit 2 : SentencesA. Classification by Types2. Interrogative sentences (questions)Did the child eat his dinner?Is it your dictionary?Are you Surya?

Unit 2 : SentencesA. Classification by Types3. Imperative sentences (commands and request)Stop that bus!Be quite, please!Help!

Unit 2 : SentencesA. Classification by Types4. Exclamation sentences (exclamation)What a good dinner that was!What beautiful hair she has!How beautiful she is!How far his house is!

What + countable/uncountable nounHow + adjective or adverb

Unit 2 : SentencesB. Classification by the Number of Full PredictionSimple sentenceTedi bought a house.Ratih is happy.Ratih and Rita swim everyday. (compund subject)I like to swim and hike everyday. (compound predicate)

Unit 2 : SentencesB. Classification by the Number of Full Prediction2. Compound sentenceThe rain fell, and the wind blew.I want to attend school, but my family needs me.He was tired, so he went to bed.The players tried their best to win; however, I do not expect them to win.Mr. Sujudi is the richest man in his town; moreover, he is very generous.

a) to c) : main clause + coordinate conjuction + main claused) to e) : main clause + transition (; linking word,) + main clause

Unit 2 : SentencesB. Classification by the Number of Full Prediction3. Complex sentenceYou should lock the doors before you leave the house.Although John is a good athlete, he does not spend too much time in sports.Since that happend a long time ago, I would not hold it again.

Unit 2 : SentencesB. Classification by the Number of Full Prediction4. Compound complex sentenceAlthough the farmers always work long hours, they seem to enjoy their work, and they usually have a long time rest during the dry season.Some people fell on other people, and some people landed on the floor when the bos stopped abruptly.

Modul 2: Conjunctions (Unit 1)

ConjunctionsUnit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsUnit 2 Subordinate ConjunctionsUnit 3 Correlative Conjunctions

Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsStructural Unit Joined by Coordinate Conjunctions Functional Unit Joined by Coordinate Conjunctions

Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate Conjunctionsandbutoryetsofor

Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate ConjunctionsAnton and Tony.[nouns]Wind, earth, or fire.[nouns]Slipped and fell.[verbs]Listen, write, or read.[verbs]Tall and slim.[adjectives]Stupid but pretty.[adjectives]Slowly and carefully.[adverbs]Late or early.[adverbs]

Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate ConjunctionsJoining WordsAnton and Tony fought each other.Is she laughing or crying?That blond girl is pretty, sexy, but stupid.The thief moved quickly and quitely.

Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate ConjunctionsJoining PhrasesMy mother, my eldest sister, and my little brother look alike.Is he typing his English report or playing games on the computer?He spends his free time to play the piano, compose music, and writing poetry.Is Juno here on vacation or on business?

Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate ConjunctionsJoining ClausesI dont know when he left town, or why he wanted to do so.I will go with you after I have finished my work, or after I have my lunch.Nothing will change if you tell him now and then leave or if you just leave without telling him anything.