Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of...

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Structure of Amino Acids

Transcript of Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of...

Page 1: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Structure of Amino Acids

Structure of Amino Acids

Page 2: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Amino Acids

• Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins.

• There are twenty different kinds of amino acids used in proteins.

• Proteins are referred to as heteropolymers due the variety of amino acids involved in their structure.

Page 3: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

-carbon

Page 4: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Amino Acids (cont’d.)• Amino acids, like carbohydrates, show

isomerism. Proteins are only made up of amino acids which are L-isomers.

L-isomerD-isomer

Page 5: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Amino Acids (cont’d.)

• At neutral pH’s amino acids exist in an ionised form and have both acidic and basic properties. This is because the carboxylic group donates hydrogen ions to the solution (acidic) whereas the amino group (NH2) attracts hydrogen

ions from the solution.

Page 6: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Amino Acids (cont’d.)

• The repeating sequence of atoms along a proteins is referred to as the polypeptide backbone. Attached to this repetitive chain are the different amino acid side chains (R-groups) which are not involved in the peptide bond but which give each amino acid its unique property.

Page 7: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Amino Acids (cont’d.)

• Amino acids are grouped according to whether their side chains are:-

•acidic•basic•uncharged polar•non polar

Page 8: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Aspartic

Acid

asp

 D

                                   

AcidicPolar 

AsparticAcid asp  Acidic

Polar 

GlutamicAcid glu Acidic

Polar

Page 9: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Lysine lys  Basic

Polar

 Arginine arg  Basic

Polar

Page 10: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Glutamine gln NeutralPolar

Tyrosine  tyr   Neutral Polar

Page 11: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Isoleucine  ileNeutralNon-polar

Methionine  met  Neutral

Non-polar

Page 12: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Amino Acids (cont’d.)• The type of side chain is very important

as it affects the solubility of the amino acid.

• Hydrophobic features include long non-polar (uncharged) chains or complex aromatic rings.

• Hydrophilic features include additional carboxyl groups or amino groups not involved in peptide bonding which are ionised in solution.

Page 13: Structure of Amino Acids. Amino Acids Amino acids are the structural building blocks (monomers) of proteins. There are twenty different kinds of amino.

Amino Acids (cont’d.)• Amino acids link together by covalent

peptide bonds. This involves a condensation /dehydration reaction. These bonds are very strong. When this takes place the charged amino and carboxylic groups disappear.


Amino Acids

Amino Acids

2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acids. Amino acids, peptides... · 1 2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acids functional groups: NH 2 COOH amino acids bound by

2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acids. Amino acids, peptides... · 1 2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acids functional groups: NH 2 COOH amino acids bound by

Atoms Elements HONC PS make up 90% of all living organisms Monomers make up polymers Monosaccharides Fatty acids Amino Acids Nucleotides.

Atoms Elements HONC PS make up 90% of all living organisms Monomers make up polymers Monosaccharides Fatty acids Amino Acids Nucleotides.

Branched Chain Amino Acids - Doctor's Best Inc. · Branched Chain Amino Acids INGREDIENTS Doctor’s Best Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) refers to the essential amino acids: Leucine,

Branched Chain Amino Acids - Doctor's Best Inc. · Branched Chain Amino Acids INGREDIENTS Doctor’s Best Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) refers to the essential amino acids: Leucine,

Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins -amino acid:. Amino Acids Are >500 naturally occurring amino acids identified in living organisms Humans synthesize.

Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins -amino acid:. Amino Acids Are >500 naturally occurring amino acids identified in living organisms Humans synthesize.

Proteins Made of C, H, O and N Are a long polymer chains of Amino Acids (monomers) The Amino Acids are bonded together at the Ribosome and then folded.

Proteins Made of C, H, O and N Are a long polymer chains of Amino Acids (monomers) The Amino Acids are bonded together at the Ribosome and then folded.

PROTEIN METABOLISM Kadek Rachmawati. PROTEIN METABOLISM Protein Catabolism Amino Acids Metabolism Amino Acids Catabolism Amino Acids Biosynthesis.

PROTEIN METABOLISM Kadek Rachmawati. PROTEIN METABOLISM Protein Catabolism Amino Acids Metabolism Amino Acids Catabolism Amino Acids Biosynthesis.

PROTEINS. Amino acid monomers to proteins Amino acids linked together Long chains of amino acids linked together in a specific order make a specific protein.

PROTEINS. Amino acid monomers to proteins Amino acids linked together Long chains of amino acids linked together in a specific order make a specific protein.

From gene to protein. DNA:nucleotides are the monomers Proteins: amino acids are the monomers DNA:in the nucleus Proteins:synthesized in cytoplasm.

From gene to protein. DNA:nucleotides are the monomers Proteins: amino acids are the monomers DNA:in the nucleus Proteins:synthesized in cytoplasm.

Amino Acids: *Classification of Amino Acids According

Amino Acids: *Classification of Amino Acids According

Proteins Major group of biological molecules. Proteins Monomers: amino acids ▫Always contain an amino group and carboxylic acid group Polymers: peptides.

Proteins Major group of biological molecules. Proteins Monomers: amino acids ▫Always contain an amino group and carboxylic acid group Polymers: peptides.

Proteins …..a recap. Characteristics of Proteins Are made up of monomers These are called amino acids There are 20 amino acids And they all have the general.

Proteins …..a recap. Characteristics of Proteins Are made up of monomers These are called amino acids There are 20 amino acids And they all have the general.

Amino Acids Metabolism : Disposal of Nitrogen. No No Storage Amino Acids of Amino Acids in the body No No Storage Amino Acids of Amino Acids in the body.

Amino Acids Metabolism : Disposal of Nitrogen. No No Storage Amino Acids of Amino Acids in the body No No Storage Amino Acids of Amino Acids in the body.

What are the MONOMERS of each POLYMER? POLYMER MONOMER Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates Nucleic acids NUCLEOTIDES AMINO ACIDS CARBON RINGS FATTY ACID TAILS.

What are the MONOMERS of each POLYMER? POLYMER MONOMER Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates Nucleic acids NUCLEOTIDES AMINO ACIDS CARBON RINGS FATTY ACID TAILS.

Proteins. Protein Basics Made of C,H,O, N SPONCH Monomers = amino acids - 20 different types of amino acids used to make proteins Proteins are the polymer.

Proteins. Protein Basics Made of C,H,O, N SPONCH Monomers = amino acids - 20 different types of amino acids used to make proteins Proteins are the polymer.

Diverse Macromolecules. V. proteins are macromolecules that are polymers formed from amino acids monomers A. proteins have great structural diversity.

Diverse Macromolecules. V. proteins are macromolecules that are polymers formed from amino acids monomers A. proteins have great structural diversity.

DISORDERS OF AMINO Acids Metabolism€¦ · disorders of amino & imino acids 1. aromatic amino acids 2. sulphur containing amino acids 3. branched –chain amino acids

DISORDERS OF AMINO Acids Metabolism€¦ · disorders of amino & imino acids 1. aromatic amino acids 2. sulphur containing amino acids 3. branched –chain amino acids

DISORDERS OF AMINO Acids Metabolism - · PDF filedisorders of amino & imino acids 1. aromatic amino acids 2. sulphur containing amino acids 3. branched –chain amino acids . aromatic

DISORDERS OF AMINO Acids Metabolism - · PDF filedisorders of amino & imino acids 1. aromatic amino acids 2. sulphur containing amino acids 3. branched –chain amino acids . aromatic

Branched Chain Amino Acids · Branched Chain Amino Acids INGREDIENTS Doctor’s Best Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) refers to the essential amino acids: Leucine, Isoleucine and

Branched Chain Amino Acids · Branched Chain Amino Acids INGREDIENTS Doctor’s Best Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) refers to the essential amino acids: Leucine, Isoleucine and

AP Biology Protein Synthesis Part 1. Important concepts from previous units Proteins are constructed from the monomers called amino acids. Amino Acids.

AP Biology Protein Synthesis Part 1. Important concepts from previous units Proteins are constructed from the monomers called amino acids. Amino Acids.