Electron Configuration Notation with Atomic Structure Review
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
Transcript of STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 1: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 2: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Helicopters
Professors: Miguel A. Barcala Montejano
Ángel A. Rodríguez Sevillano
Helicopters
![Page 3: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
STRUCTURE and
CONFIGURATION OF
THE HELICOPTERTHE HELICOPTER
![Page 4: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Approach
� Distinctive Designs.
� Description of the different parts and their
fundamental use.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 5: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
APPROACH
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 6: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
� The Structure or cell (airframe) in a conventional
single rotor helicopter is composed of:
– fuselage,
– landing gear,
– tailboom, and
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
– tailboom, and
– cowlings and main transmission.
![Page 7: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURES
� Other examples.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 8: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 9: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 10: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 11: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 12: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 13: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 14: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 15: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 16: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
GENERAL STRUCTURE
MD 600N
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 17: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Fuselage
� Fuselage:
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 18: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Fuselage. Forward section
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 19: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Fuselage. Forward section
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 20: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Fuselage. Forward Section
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 21: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Fuselage. Intermediate section
� Usually a semimonocoque structure.
• Plataform for the engine.
• Bays for equipment and baggage.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 22: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Fuselage
• Other examples
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 23: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Fuselage
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 24: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Fuselage
� EC-135.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 25: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Fuselage
� EC-135.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 26: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Fuselage
� EC-135.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 27: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Transmission frame
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 28: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Transmission frame
• There are different systems to minimise the
vibrations produced by the main rotor.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 29: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Tail boom
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 30: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tail boom
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 31: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Tail boom
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 32: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Tail boom
� EC 135 and Tiger.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 33: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Tail boom
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 34: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Reference Lines
� Reference axes (3)
– Corresponding to the Cartesian axes X, Y and Z.
� Aim:
– To locate with precision any point on the helicopter
� Definitions:
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
� Definitions:
– FS or STA, fuselage stations, planes perpendicular to the X axis.
– WL (water lines), planes parallel to xy plane.
– BL (Butt lines), planes parallel to the “plane of symmetry” of the vehicle.
![Page 35: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Referece lines
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 36: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
REFERENCE LINES
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 37: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Vertical Stabilizer
� Back sweep design.
� RC layout.
� Curvature of the airfoil
� Tail skid.
� Other configurations.
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 38: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
VERTICAL STABILIZER
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 39: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Vertical stabilizer
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 40: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
VERTICAL STABILIZER
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 41: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Horizontal Stabilizer
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 42: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Horizontal Stabilizer
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 43: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Horizontal Stabilizer
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 44: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Horizontal Stabilizer
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 45: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Horizontal Stabilizer
COUGAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 46: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
LANDING GEAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 47: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
LANDING GEAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 48: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
LANDING GEAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 49: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
LANDING GEAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 50: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
LANDING GEAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 51: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
LANDING GEAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 52: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
LANDING GEAR
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
![Page 53: STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052105/62872295a7f552191b271c43/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Bibliography
� M.A. Barcala Montejano y A.A. Rodríguez Sevillano. Helicópteros. Teoría y Descriptiva. Sección de Publicaciones E.U.I.T.A. Fundación General U.P.M.
� Alastair K. Cooke, Eric W.H. Fitzpatrick. Helicopter Test and Evaluation. Blackwell Science.
� A.R.S. Bramwell, George Done, David Balmford. Bramwell’s Helicopter Dynamics. Butterwoth Heinemann, 2 edition 2001.
� J. Gordon Leishman. Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics. Cambridge
STRUCTURE and CONFIGURATION
� J. Gordon Leishman. Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics. Cambridge University Press, 2000.
� J. Seddon, Simon Newman. Basic Helicopter Aerodynamics. Blackwell Science, second edition 2002.
� John Watkinson. The Art of the Helicopter. Elsevier Butterwoth Heinemann, 2004.