Structural(Aspects(of(JazzImprovisaon( ·...
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Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on MidLevelAnalysis Mar%n Schütz Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on A New Approach Based on MidLevelAnalysis
Transcript of Structural(Aspects(of(JazzImprovisaon( ·...
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on
A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
Leading ques,ons: The architecture of jazz improvisa5on: Of which structural elements does an improvisa5on consist of? Could paGerns or similari5es also be found at a structural level and in which way the structural composi5on is affected by the underlying reference?
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Background and mo5va5on
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Background and mo5va5on
perspec5ve
scope
single event improvisa5on as a whole
improvisa5on as a process
improvisa5on as a product
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Background and mo5va5on
perspec5ve
scope
single event improvisa5on as a whole
improvisa5on as a process
”stream-‐of-‐ideas“-‐analysis
improvisa5on as a product
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
“Idea” = phrase-‐like structural element “Phrase” = musical part emphasized/ framed by breaks “Idea” = structural element (segment of an improvisa5on) that is defined by a content-‐based perspec5ve -‐ determined by its intrinsic characteris5cs spanning a certain period
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Development and applica5on of the SIA
Phrase =
“Idea”
Phrase >
“Idea”
Phrase <
“Idea” t
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
Segmenta5on (posi5on and dura5on/domain of each “idea”) Categorisa5on (assigning each “idea” to a category (fiWng the given characteris5cs of the “idea”)) SIA Improvisa,on gapless sequence/chain of corresponding “ideas”
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Development and applica5on of the SIA
categorisa5on/classifica5on summeraza5on abstrac5on reduc5on
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Development and applica5on of the SIA
system of categories
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
„Line“
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Development and applica5on of the SIA
„line” ascending „line” convex
„line” wave „line” 5ck (descending long, ascending short)
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
Data = 45 jazz improvisa,ons (piano, chorus-‐based, 5 jazz pianists, 3 tunes, 3 takes for each tune by every pianist) Kenny‘ll make it Li6le Sunflower Heaven (blues, 12 bars, AAB, 101 bpm) (modal, 48 bars, ABA, 128 bpm) (ballad, 32 bars, AABA, 80 bpm) Pianist 1 Pianist 2 ... Pianist 1 Pianist 2 ... Pianist 1 Pianist 2 ... Take 1 Take 2 Take 3 ...
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Development and applica5on of the SIA
Δ t > 5 days
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
Frequency distribu5ons of “ideas”
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Results
Pianist 5, modal tune Pianist 3, ballad
Void Lick
Atmosphere ShiNing Phrase
Theme-‐Varia,on Mo,f Line
Bellow Scissor
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Results
Lick Varia5on of theme Mo5f Rela5ve por5ons (%) of specific “ideas” in connec5on to the different tunes
%
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Results
Dura5o
n in se
cond
s
Dura5o
n in se
cond
s 1 2 3 4 5
ID of pianist
Blues Modal Ballad
Tune
Dura5ons of the “ideas”
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Consistency and validity of the SIA
Type Rate of matching (mean)
Intra-‐Coder-‐Consistency Segmenta5on 94,7% (98,8%)
Categorisa5on 95%
Inter-‐Coder-‐Consistency Segmenta5on 83,1% (92,4%)
Categorisa5on 35,7%
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
+ close rela5onship to the given data
+ iden5fying structural elements
+ looking into the structural composi5ons of
different jazz improvisa5ons
+ offering a global (person-‐ and reference-‐
spanning) basis for comparison
+ revealing hidden structural paGerns
and influencing factors
+ facilita5ng addi5onal findings
concerning the process of
improvisa5on
+ high degree of intra-‐coder-‐consistency
+ evaluated and approved by different jazz
pianists
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis: the methodological approach
Conclusion
currently designed for jazz piano improvisa5on
-‐ manually performed analysis -‐ coder needs experience with jazz improvisa5on and the usage of SIA -‐ problems with inter-‐coder-‐consistency -‐ deferring individual viewpoints to the given defini5ons within the system -‐ defini5ons may offer some room for interpreta5on -‐ much 5me and large amount of work involved -‐ limi5ng the amount of data that could be processed
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
addi5onal level of informa5on 1.) Weimar Jazz Database (WJazzD) -‐> monophonic improvisa5ons + SIA redesigning the system for monophonic improvisa5ons
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis & the “Jazzomat”-‐project: possibili5es & links
2.) Extrac5ng secondary typologies of “ideas” -‐> + MeloSpySuite (melfeature)
3.) Automa5on of the SIA (developing a computer program)
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis & the “Jazzomat”-‐project: possibili5es & links
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis in connec5on to Jazzomat-‐project
Sonny Rollins – Tenor Madness (176,2 bpm)
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis & the “Jazzomat”-‐project: possibili5es & links
Bob Berg – Angels (270,3 bpm)
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis & the “Jazzomat”-‐project: possibili5es & links
John Coltrane – Countdown (337,4 bpm)
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
The “stream-‐of-‐ideas”-‐analysis & the “Jazzomat”-‐project: possibili5es & links
Joe Henderson – Punjab (160,3 bpm)
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on. A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis Mar%n Schütz
Structural Aspects of Jazz Improvisa5on
A New Approach Based on Mid-‐Level-‐Analysis
