street art

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Graf%iti and Street Art (Wall and Street) Caves at Lascaux, France Drawings and paintings on cave walls from the Paleolithic period (17, 300 years old) Discovered in 1940 by four teenagers Depicting scenes of everyday life, hunting etc. scratched with animal bones, natural pigments Ancient Roman Graf%iti From Pompeii (Italy)– grafFiti on wall Pompeii was destroyed and completely buried during a long catastrophic eruption of the volcano Mount Vesuvius spanning two days in the year AD 79.

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street art

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Graf%iti  and  Street  Art(Wall  and  Street)

Caves  at  Lascaux,  France• Drawings  and  paintings  on  cave  walls  from  the  Paleolithic  period  (17,  300  

years  old)• Discovered  in  1940  by  four  teenagers• Depicting  scenes  of  everyday  life,  hunting  etc.• scratched  with  animal  bones,  natural  pigments

Ancient  Roman  Graf%iti• From  Pompeii  (Italy)–  grafFiti  on  wall• Pompeii  was  destroyed  and  completely  buried  during  a  long  catastrophic  

eruption  of  the  volcano  Mount  Vesuvius  spanning  two  days  in  the  year  AD  79.  

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Caricature  of  a  politician

Kilroy/Chad-­‐  WWIIEngraving  of  Kilroy  on  the  World  War  II  Memorial  in  Washington,  D.C.

UK-­‐slogan  “wot  no  ….”

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Paris  May  ‘68We  are  the  power

Civil  unrest  inspiring  cultural/creative  material

The  largest  general  strike  ever,  bringing  the  economy  of  an  advanced  industrial  country  to  a  virtual  standstill.[1]  It  commenced  with  a  series  of  student  occupation  protests.  The  strike  involved  eleven  million  workers  for  a  continuous  two  weeks,[1]  and  its  impact  was  such  that  it  almost  caused  the  collapse  of  President  Charles  de  Gaulle's  government.

Urban  graf%iti

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Chris  OsburnAmerican  freelance  photojournalist  and  Filmmaker  living  and  working  in  London.  As  a  foreign  correspondent  for  publications  such  as  Juxtapoz  and  Whitehot  Magazine  of  Contemporary  Art,  Chris  covers  England's  burgeoning  grafFiti  scene  from  the  frontline,  often  accompanying  notorious  street  artists  on  their  outings.

A  list  of  the  renowned  artists  which  Chris  has  photographed  in  action  includes  Sweet  Toof,  Cyclops,  Sickboy  and  Dan  Witz.  He  has  interviewed  signiFicant  contemporary  urban  artists  such  as  Paul  Insect,  David  Choe  and  Invader  and  has  extensively  photographed  the  works  of  numerous  legendary  artists,  including  Jef  Aerosol,  Adam  Neate,  and  Banksy.

1970’s  New  York

• Spay  can  grafFitti• Evolves  alongside  hip  hop  culture• Making  the  language  of  the  streets  visible• Announcing  a  presence,  and  saying  ‘we  will  not  be  ignored’

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Jon  Naar,  photographer,  1973

Cleaning  the  truck  with  AjaxWriting  with  marker  pen-­‐  anonymity  preseved.‘Via  trains  and  buses  the  writers  sent  their  messages  to  more  afFluent  parts  of  the  city  as  well  as  leaving  their  mark  on  public  spaces.”

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From  on  Becoming  a  Graf%iti  photographer,  John  Naar• “you  will  see  that  the  vast  majority  of  these  writers  came  from  the  most  

run-­‐down  and  neglected  sections  of  New  York….predominantly  Hispanic  and  African  American.  The  grafFiti  they  sprayed  on  the  fronts  of  their  homes  and  on  the  trains…  were  a  cry  for  change  from  the  ghetto  to  clean  up  the  Filthy  streets,  to  improve  the  quality  of  the  schools,  and  to  reduce  the  glaring  inequality  between  rich  and  poor.”

• He  makes  a  distinction  between  this  kind  of  work  in  the  70’s  and  the  ‘permission  graff’  of  comissioned  grafFiti  in  designated  areas  which  is  not  illegal

Jean  -­‐Michel  Basquiat  (1960-­‐88)

American  artist.[1]  His  career  in  art  began  as  a  grafFiti  artist  in  New  York  City  in  the  late  1970s,  and  in  the  1980s  produced  Neo-­‐expressionist  painting.  Basquiat  died  of  a  heroin  overdose  on  August  12,  1988,  at  the  age  of  27.

SAMO  –Same-­‐OH

 

In  1976,  Basquiat  and  friends  Al  Diaz  and  Shannon  Dawson  began  spray-­‐painting  grafFiti  on  buildings  in  Lower  Manhattan,  working  under  the  pseudonym  SAMO.

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“the  same  old  shit,”  then  shortening  the  phrase  to  "Same  Old",  then  "SAMO"Originally  a  comic  character  created  by  Basquiat• The  City  As  School  1977-­‐8  Yearbook  includes  a  photo  of  the  SAMO  grafFiti:  

SAMO@  AS  AN  ALTERNATIVE  TO  PLASTIC  FOOD  STANDS…• “It  started…as  a  private  joke  and  then  grew”  Diaz  and  Basquiat  would  

later  tell  the  Village  Voice  in  an  interview.  They  took  the  joke  out  of  the  school,  giving  out  small  stickers  with  SAMO  aphorisms  or  the  SAMO  pamphlet  on  paper  on  the  subway,  and  writing  down  the  phrases  with  marker  pens  as  grafFiti,  often  with  an  ironic  copyright  symbol  attached.  In  1977,  while  they  were  still  students,  Basquiat  and  Diaz  started  to  put  up  the  First  SAMO©  GrafFiti  in  Manhattan.

Death  of  SAMO

1979

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Neo  expressionist  painting

Untitled  1982

1983

GrafFiti  style  into  paintingIn  1981,  Rene  Ricard  published  "The  Radiant  Child"  in  Artforum  magazine,  which  brought  Basquiat  to  the  attention  of  the  art  world.

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Warhol  and  Basquiat• General  Electric  with  waiter,  1984• One  of  Americas  largest  corporations• Collaborated  towards  the  end  of  his  life,  Basquiat  died  of  a  heroin  

overdose  18  months  after  Warhol

Keith  Haring,  radiant  baby,  1990

An  artist  and  social  activist  whose  work  responded  to  the  New  York  City  street  culture  of  the  1980s.

• In  1981  he  sketched  his  First  chalk  drawings  on  black  paper  and  painted  plastic,  metal  and  found  objects.

• In  1984,  Haring  visited  Australia  and  painted  wall  murals  in  Melbourne• Other  commissions-­‐  Rio,  Paris,  Berlin

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Haring,  subway  art

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PopShop  –closed  2005

• Selling  t-­‐shirts,  toys,  posters  bearing  his  signature  images• Celebrity  hang  out

When  asked  about  the  "commercialism"  of  his  work,  Mr.  Haring  said:  "I  could  earn  more  money  if  I  just  painted  a  few  things  and  jacked  up  the  price.  My  shop  is  an  extension  of  what  I  was  doing  in  the  subway  stations,  breaking  down  the  barriers  between  high  and  low  art.

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John  Feckner,  Broken  Promises,  1980

Jenny  HolzerTimes  Square  Show  ,  1980.

Video  game  culture• Comment  on  the  lack  of  availability  of  brands  and  technology  in  the  

Eastern  blocFrom  the  Berlin  Wall

In  1989,  a  radical  series  of  political  changes  occurred  in  the  Eastern  Bloc,After  several  weeks  of  civil  unrest,  the  East  German  government  announced  on  9  November  1989  that  all  GDR  citizens  could  visit  West  Germany  and  West  Berlin.  Crowds  of  East  Germans  crossed  and  climbed  onto  the  wall,  joined  by  West  Germans  on  the  other  side  in  a  celebratory  atmosphere.  Over  the  next  few  weeks,  a  euphoric  public  and  souvenir  hunters  chipped  away  parts  of  the  wall;  the  governments  later  used  industrial  equipment  to  remove  most  of  the  rest.

TATS  CRU  ,  1997  for  Coca-­‐Cola

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GrafFiti  has  been  used  as  a  means  of  advertising  both  legally  and  illegally.  In  NYC,  Bronx-­‐based  TATS  CRU  has  made  a  name  for  themselves  doing  legal  advertising  campaigns  for  companies  like  Coca  Cola,  McDonald's,  Toyota,  and  MTV  Sony

Bomb  the  world  (2004)  PS2

Created  by  grafFiti  artist  Klark  Kent  where  users  can  virtually  paint  trains  at  20  locations  worldwide

Jet  Set  Radio  (2000-­‐2003)  It  depicts  a  future  Tokyo  where  freedom  of  expression  is  outlawed.  The  user  plays  a  character  in  the  GG's,  a  gang  of  in-­‐line  skating  grafFiti  artists  who  skate  around  Tokyo  covering  up  rival  gangs'  grafFiti,  knocking  over  Rokkaku  police,  and  dancing  to  the  eclectic  soundtrack.  The  game  uses  a  cel-­‐shaded  style  of  animation,  and  has  been  widely  acclaimed  for  its  unique  music  style,  detailed  art,  and  gameplay.

Graf%iti  in  video  games

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Sideways  New  York  PS3  2011

Grand  Theft  Auto-­‐tagging

Invader• French  artist,  born  1969• First  mosaic  in  mid  1990’s  Paris• Mosaic  tile  which  has  permanency  as  it  is  weatherproof  and  more  difFicult  

to  remove  than  paper/paint• Tiles  are  pixel  like• The  ‘invasion’  spreads  First  across  French  cities  and  then  22  countries  

worldwide

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Conceptual  element:  points  on  a  map  form  a  space  invader

Interactive  element,  journey  round  the  city  The  body  also  makes  the  shape.Repetition  replicates  journeys  made  in  video  games  themselves

Re-­‐emergence  of  Street  ArtBanksy  Kate  Moss

Shepard  Fairey  2008

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Parisian  Photographer  JR,  Favela  Morro  Da  Provienda-­‐  Rio,  2008

Pasted  giant  blow-­‐ups  of  his  photographs  (usually  of  ordinary  people).  Highlight  social  realities  like  the  women  of  the  Favela  in  Rio,  their  eyes  looking  down  protectively  over  the  neigbourhood.

Blu  (Italy)  and  Os  Gemeos  (Brazil)Lisbon,  2010

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Crucially  with  permission-­‐commissioned  artworkTurrets  of  abandoned  building  make  the  points  of  this  oil  barrons  crownHe  is  sucking  the  world  dry

Blu-­‐  animated  graf%iti  (2008)

   http://vimeo.com/993998Corsa  Ad  2011

123  KLAN  (France)• founded  as  a  grafFiti  crew  in  1989  by  Scien  and  Klor,  have  gradually  

turned  their  hands  to  illustration  and  design  while  still  maintaining  their  grafFiti  practice  and  style.  In  doing  so  they  have  designed  and  produced,  logos  and  illustrations,  shoes,  and  fashion  for  the  likes  of  Nike,  Adidas,  Lamborghini,  Coca  Cola,  Stussy,  Sony,  Nasdaq  and  more.

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123  klan  website

Stussy  released  a  special  "Artist  Series"  collection  to  celebrate  their  20th  anniversary.  For  the  occasion  they  invited  us,  along  with  artists  such  as  Futura2000,  Kaws  and  Todd  "Reas"  James,  to  each  create  a  special  edition  shirt.The  concept  was  to  redesign  the  names  of  each  of  the  cities  where  Stussy  has  a  Flagship  store  on  the  front,  and  on  the  back,  the  names  of  the  ghettos  of  these  same  towns  plus  two  more  (chosen  by  the  artist).  The  shirts  were  then  made  available  in  3  different  colors  (black,  white  and  green),  in  a  pack  containing  the  artist's  biography.

Paul  Curtis  (Moose)reverse  graf%iti

The  global  pictureBomb  It  is  an  international  grafFiti  and  street  art  documentary  directed  by  award-­‐winning  director  Jon  Reiss  and  premiered  at  the  2007  Tribeca  Film  Festival.

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Free  Art  Friday• Free  Art  Friday  is  an  art  movement  in  which  artists  place  free  art  out  in  

public  for  people  to  enjoy  and  take  home.

•  Here  is  how  it  works:Create  a  piece  of  art.

• write  on  an  attached  tag  "free  art  friday,  to  take  home  and  enjoy".  Adding  artist  name,    email,or  web  address  is  optional.

• Hide  somewhere  in  public  indoors  or  out.• Some  make  a  game  out  of  it  and  leave  clues  on  Twitter

Sam  3  (Spain)Murcia  2010

 Uses  only  black  paint  

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“naked  idea”  expressed  in  sillhouetteComment  on  societyWalls  buildings  and  billboards  are  backdrops  for  his  shadow  puppetryCity  turns  into  stage,  working  with  narrative  and  found  situs

VHILS  aka  Alexandre  Farto  (Portugal)London  2008

In  situPlaster  chipped  off  wall  to  create  sculptural  reliefLeke  St  tunnel  beneath  Waterloo  StationPart  of  Banksys  Cans  festival

Faith  71• Amsterdam• Red  stickers  round  a  natural  hole  in  plaster• Bridges  the  gap  between  hyperealist  art  and  hyperabstract  art  effortlessly

Diva  (Brooklyn)

Street/anonymity/graff  names  means  gender  is  not  always  apparent

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Assumption  to  do  with  the  perception  that  the  street  at  night  is  not  safeStenciling  or  wheat  paste  takes  less  timeFeminine  kind  of  lettering

Fa%i  (France)

Cartoonish  sexualityFaFinettes  reminiscent  of  Japanese  mangaLike  Kat  and  Miss  Van

Miss  Van

Herakut

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Swoon

US  female  wheatpasteStudied  paintingStarted  around  1999Historical  and  folk  characters

Art  of  Resistance

JRPeople  pulling  facesNear  Bethlehem

Banksy,  2005

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• “The  Israeli  government  is  building  a  wall  surrounding  the  occupied  Palestinian  territories.  It  stands  three  times  the  height  of  the  Berlin  Wall  and  will  eventually  run  for  over  700km-­‐  the  distance  from  London  to  Zurich.  The  wall  is  illegal  under  international  law  and  essentially  turns  Palestine  into  the  worlds  largest  open  prison.  It  also  makes  it  the  ultimate  activity  holiday  destination  for  grafFiti  writers.”

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Graf%iti  in  %ilm• 80  Blocks  from  Tiffany's  (1979)  –  A  rare  glimpse  into  late  '70s  New  

York  towards  the  end  of  the  infamous  South  Bronx  gangs.  The  documentary  shows  many  sides  of  the  mainly  Puerto  Rican  community  of  the  South  Bronx,  including  reformed  gang  members,  current  gang  members,  the  police,  and  the  community  leaders  who  try  to  reach  out  to  them.

• Style  Wars  (1983),  an  early  documentary  on  hip  hop  culture,  made  in  New  York  City

• "Exit  Through  The  Gift  Shop"  (2010)  is  a  documentary  produced  by  the  notorious  artist  Banksy  tells  the  story  of  Thierry  Guetta,  a  French  immigrant  in  Los  Angeles,  and  his  obsession  with  street  art.  Shepard  Fairey  and  Invader  (artist),  who  Guetta  discovers  is  his  cousin,  are  also  in  the  %ilm.

• Bomb  it  (2007)  Tells  the  story  of  contemporary  graf%iti,  tracing  its  roots  in  ancient  rock  paintings  through  Picasso  to  its  place  in  hip-­‐hop  culture  in  1970's  New  York  City.  Director  Jon  Reiss