Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Strategies to Teach Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsOrthopaedics

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Doctor = TeacherDoctor = Teacher??

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Where are our credentials to teach?Where are our credentials to teach?

4 years college4 years college 4 years medical school4 years medical school 5 years internship and residency5 years internship and residency 1 or 2 years fellowship1 or 2 years fellowship

0 0 minutesminutes learning to teach learning to teach

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Are we ineffective teachers?Are we ineffective teachers?

We tend to teach the We tend to teach the way we were taughtway we were taught

ABCDs of surgical ABCDs of surgical teaching:teaching:

AbuseAbuse BlameBlame CriticizeCriticize DumpDump ExhaustionExhaustion

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

The effective teacher...The effective teacher...

……causes others to want what causes others to want what they have and are doing.they have and are doing.

……causescauses others to want what others to want what they have and are doing.they have and are doing.

……causescauses others to others to wantwant what what they have and are doing.they have and are doing.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

How we are taught changes...How we are taught changes...

Pre-adult learningPre-adult learning Classroom-orientedClassroom-oriented Teacher-focusedTeacher-focused Relevance Relevance

unnecessaryunnecessary FactsFacts Reward/punishment Reward/punishment

artificialartificial

Adult learningAdult learning Oriented towards Oriented towards

interesting or interesting or relevant materialrelevant material

Learner-focusedLearner-focused Used to solve real Used to solve real

problemsproblems Principles and Principles and

conceptsconcepts Benefit/risk realBenefit/risk real

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

The perception of the students...The perception of the students...

……is the most important factor is the most important factor teachers must deal withteachers must deal with--and

trust as reality.

……is the most important factor is the most important factor teachers must deal with--and teachers must deal with--and

trust as reality.trust as reality.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

The perception of the students...The perception of the students...

……sometimes hurts.sometimes hurts.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

The educator is the one who The educator is the one who needs to shovel first...needs to shovel first...

……accomplished with a special accomplished with a special shoveling tool...shoveling tool...

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Resident learning toolsResident learning tools The operating The operating

room room The emergency The emergency

departmentdepartment The intensive care The intensive care

units and wardsunits and wards The research The research

settingsetting The lectureThe lecture ??????????

Goal: surgical skillsGoal: surgical skills

Goal: competent Goal: competent under fireunder fire

Goal: expert Goal: expert managementmanagement

Goal: complete Goal: complete understandingunderstanding

Goal: anticipateGoal: anticipate Goal: foundation Goal: foundation

buildingbuilding

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Characteristics of a Good TeacherCharacteristics of a Good Teacher

SecureSecure EncouragerEncourager TransparentTransparent PersistentPersistent SuccessfulSuccessful CourageousCourageous ??????????????

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Teaching stylesTeaching styles

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

If we don’t model what we If we don’t model what we teach, we are teaching teach, we are teaching something else.something else.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Consume, then contributeConsume, then contribute

Consumption without contribution Consumption without contribution == constipationconstipation

Contribution without consumption Contribution without consumption == catabolismcatabolism

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

The ProblemThe Problem

Get the big MO going!Get the big MO going!

Not low moraleNot low morale Not “the problem Not “the problem

is the problem...”is the problem...” Lost MomentumLost Momentum

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Motivation of residents...Motivation of residents...

...occurs when their ...occurs when their needs (interests, needs (interests, desires, and drives) desires, and drives) are being met.are being met.

...occurs when ...occurs when their their needsneeds (interests, (interests, desires, and drives) desires, and drives) are being met.are being met.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Motivation leads to momentumMotivation leads to momentum

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Imparting the necessary toolsImparting the necessary tools

KnowledgeKnowledge SkillsSkills AttitudeAttitude Teaching abilityTeaching ability CompetenceCompetence ??????????????

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Usefulness of a Teacher:Usefulness of a Teacher:Imparting KnowledgeImparting Knowledge

Lectures a synthesis of informationLectures a synthesis of information Questions are to be savoredQuestions are to be savored Excites the resident with relevanceExcites the resident with relevance ??????????????

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Occurs through the level of Occurs through the level of conscious competenceconscious competence

Guides resident through methodical Guides resident through methodical technical stepstechnical steps

Skills laboratoriesSkills laboratories ??????????????

Usefulness of a Teacher:Usefulness of a Teacher:Imparting SkillsImparting Skills

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

EthicsEthics BehaviorBehavior ??????????

Usefulness of a Teacher:Usefulness of a Teacher:Imparting AttitudeImparting Attitude

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Usefulness of a Teacher:Usefulness of a Teacher:Imparting AttitudeImparting Attitude

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Usefulness of a Teacher:Usefulness of a Teacher:Imparting Teaching AbilityImparting Teaching Ability

Only when our residents Only when our residents are successful teachers can are successful teachers can we count ourselves as we count ourselves as successful teachers.successful teachers.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Usefulness of a Teacher:Usefulness of a Teacher:Imparting Teaching AbilityImparting Teaching Ability

Effectiveness is the only Effectiveness is the only meaningful measurement meaningful measurement of teaching.of teaching.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

They don’t know what they don’t know...They don’t know what they don’t know...

They know they don’t know...They know they don’t know...

They know they know...They know they know...

...they know ...they know

M aturation of know ledge and surgical skills

unconsciously com petent

consciously com petent

consc ious ly incom petent

unconsciously incom petent

Usefulness of a Teacher:Usefulness of a Teacher:Imparting CompetenceImparting Competence

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

They’re TensThey’re Tens

1010 1010

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Catalysts Facilitating Acquisition Catalysts Facilitating Acquisition and Development of Learningand Development of Learning

PracticePractice Near-peer encountersNear-peer encounters StressStress FeedbackFeedback ??????????????

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Giving: the key tool in Giving: the key tool in Successful TeachingSuccessful Teaching

PrestigePrestige ResearchResearch IdeasIdeas CreditCredit EffectsEffects

$$$$ PRICE PRICE

GivingGiving::

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Rewards from Successful TeachingRewards from Successful Teaching

Successful outcomeSuccessful outcome Successful outcome by a surgeon Successful outcome by a surgeon

whom we taughtwhom we taught Successful outcome by a Successful outcome by a

surgeon who was taught by surgeon who was taught by someone we taughtsomeone we taught

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

““Flowers leave some of their Flowers leave some of their fragrance in the hand that fragrance in the hand that bestows them.”bestows them.” Chinese ProverbChinese Proverb

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Teaching to Give in Teaching….Teaching to Give in Teaching….

““Caught, not taught”Caught, not taught” ““Sown, then grown”Sown, then grown” ““No strings attached”No strings attached”

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

Teaching...Teaching...

……if you want to if you want to coachcoach the the

game, you’ve game, you’ve got to know got to know how to win.how to win.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

There is no “I” in TEAM.There is no “I” in TEAM.

There is no “I” in TEACH.There is no “I” in TEACH.

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

TEACHTEACH

TTo o EEach ach AA CConquerable onquerable HHeighteight

Strategies to Teach OrthopaedicsStrategies to Teach Orthopaedics

The most important word in The most important word in teach is...teach is...

eacheach..

give give toto