Strategies for Compliance of BS V / BS VI Legislations on...
Transcript of Strategies for Compliance of BS V / BS VI Legislations on...
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Strategies for Compliance of BS V / BS VI
Legislations on Heavy Duty Commercial Vehicles
KVR Babu
Continental Emitec
ECT – 2015, New Delhi
Agenda
• Diesel Engines
• Legislations
• Aftertreatment
• Requirements / Challenges
• CNG Engines
• Legislations
• Aftertreatment
• Requirements / Challenges
• Summary
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
CO HC NOx PM x 100
BS IV BS V BS VI
HCV Diesel (GVW>3500 kg) Emission values (g/kWh)
Legislations Trend BS IV → BS V → BS VI
Cycle
ESC - BS IV & BS V
WHSC - BS VI
Particle No. Limit for
BS VI : 8 x 10 11
72%
80% 50%
43%
BS IV
Aftertreatment System Trend BS IV → BS V → BS VI
(Diesel Engines)
PM
[m
g/k
Wh
]
NOx [g/kWh] 1
40
20
4 2 6
BS V
BS VI
0 3
SF
C
Technologies:
1. Combustion Improvements
2. DOC + DPF + SCR
Technologies:
1.Combustion Improvement
2.EGR + DOC+ PFF
3. SCR (or DOC + SCR)
Technologies:
1.Combustion Improvement
2.EGR + DOC
3.EGR + DOC + PFF
4.SCR ( or DOC + SCR) 10
30
Aftertreatment Systems: DOC
Catalyst Housing
Exhaust gas
from engine
HC
CO
NOx
PM(SOF + IOF) CO2
H2O
Substrate coated with Catalyst
(HC, CO & SOF are converted)
Carrier material : Metal or Ceramic
SOF + O2 CO2 + H2O
NOx
PM(IOF)
n m
Main Function :
Particulate Matter
Trapping and Passive
Regeneration
Partial Flow Filter
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst
Main Function :
NO2 Generation
SOF Conversion
DOC + Partial Flow Filter
C + NO2 → NO + CO/CO2
Regeneration reaction in PFF
Selective Catalytic Reaction System (SCR)
Option
Urea Tank &
Dosing Pump
NO2 formation: 2 NO + O2 2 NO2 Improvement of the NO/NO2 ratio for fast
SCR reaction
NH3 formation {(NH2)2CO •7H2O}fl {(NH2)2CO}fl + 7 H2O Water evaporation
{(NH2)2CO}fl HNCO + NH3 Thermolysis of urea
HNCO + H2O CO2 + NH3 Hydrolysis of isocyanuric acid
NOx reduction: 4 NO + O2 + 4 NH3 4 N2 + 6 H2O Standard reaction with NO
2 NO2 + 2 NO + 4 NH3 4 N2 + 6 H2O Fast reaction with NO+NO2
NH3-Clean up : 4 NH3 + 3 O2 2 N2 + 6 H2O Prevention of NH3-slip
Requirements / Challenges for Effective implementation of
Future Emission Norms
• Fuel Quality
• Sulfur Content
• 50 PPM for BS IV
• 10 PPM for BS V/ VI
• Adulteration
• Other parameters
• Urea infrastructure
• User Education on After Treatment & OBD
• Inspection & Maintenance Programs
Agenda
• Diesel Engines
• Legislations
• Aftertreatment
• Requirements / Challenges
• CNG Engine
• Legislations
• Aftertreatment
• Requirements / Challenges
• Summary
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
CO NMHC CH4 NOx PM x 100
BS IV BS V BS VI
HCV CNG (GVW>3500 kg) Emission values (g/kWh)
Cycle
ETC - BS IV & BS V
WHTC - BS VI
Legislations Trend BS IV → BS V → BS VI
71%
55%
43%
77%
66%
Requirements / Challenges for Effective implementation of
Future Emission Norms
• Reference Fuel for emission test (CH4 Content)
• CH4 Conversion
Agenda
• Diesel Engines
• Legislations
• Aftertreatment
• Requirements / Challenges
• CNG Engine
• Legislations
• Aftertreatment
• Requirements / Challenges
• Summary
Summary
• Upcoming emission legislations are likely to be in-line with European
Emission Norms
• Suitable aftertreatment technologies are existing with Aftertreatment
Industry
• Key challenges like fuel, Infrastructure, I&M etc., to be addressed for
successful implementation