Strategic Planning in Non Profit Organizations

Strategic Planning in Non-Business Organisations

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

1


It was a great pleasure in doing this project. It wouldn’t have been possible without the valuable support and guidance of all those people involved in giving their selfless contribution to the society through working for different non-business organizations. This exercise helped us get an insight into the world of under privileged people who share this world with us.

We would like to thank Mr. Shetty, Deputy Chairman of NASEOH. Mrs. Mohini Mathur, Committee member of NASEOH. Mrs. Dianne Saldhana, Marketing and Public Relations Manager of the

Spastics Society of India, NRCI. Mrs. Inanaxi Shah, Founder President of SMILE. Mrs. Latika Ghotge, Deputy Director (West) of Help Age India.For sparing their valuable time and giving us an insight into the working of their organization which has helped us compile this project on strategic planning in their organizations.

We would also like to express our sincere gratitude towards Mrs. Priya Kenkre for her continued support and guidance throughout the project.

2


TABLE OF CONTENTS

TOPIC PAGE NOINTRODUCTION 4 – 9ABOUT NASEOH 10 – 21

ABOUT SPASTICS SOCIETY 22 – 31SWOT ANALYSIS OF NASEOH AND

SPASTICS SOCIETY32 - 33

ABOUT SMILE 34 – 40ABOUT HELP AGE INDIA 41 – 46

SWOT ANALYSIS OF SMILE AND HELP AGE INDIA

47 – 49

CONCLUSION 50

STRATEGIC PLANNING OF NON-BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS

3


Definition of strategy

A strategy is a unified, comprehensive and integrated plan that relates the strategic advantages of the firm to the challenges of the environment. It is designed to ensure that the basic objectives of the enterprise are achieved through proper execution by the organization.

It is organizations planned response to its environment over time. It is not merely an exercise in thinking. It no doubt results from thought process, yet it is a plan of action is a prescription for doing the things. It is a long-term plan. It may be drawn for a period exceeding ten years, sometimes more than 25 years.

Features of strategy

A strategy is an action plan. It is a comprehensive and integrated plan. It relates strengths of an organization to the environment in which the

organization works. It is a plan that enhances strengths of a company to meet the present

situation and challenges of the future. It is an attempt to shape the destiny of the company, a means to

achieve the objectives of the company.

Requirements of an effective strategy

Taking stock of weaknesses of the organization it is an attempt to reduce weaknesses. Similarly, it is necessary to avoid the competitive situation wherein theses weaknesses would be major drawbacks.

Studying the competitors and judging their strengths and weaknesses. A strategy, in order to be effective, must be designed to outmaneuver the competitors. It must outwit the competitors.

Scanning the environment properly so that close links can be established between the organization and the environment.

Definition of planning : Planning is selecting and relating of facts and the making and using of assumptions regarding the future in the visualization and formulation of purposed activities believed necessary to achieve desired results. It is determining in advance what is to be done and how it is to be done. Planning is very essential for various business policies.

STRATEGIC PLANNING

4


Brief history

In 1970 the world economy was going through a crisis, the energy crisis, inflation that reached its hilt, economic stagnation. Thus companies henceforth could not depend on the simple methods of planning projections. They had to think of something new and innovative. Thus conventional long range planning was substituted by strategic planning. This resulted in the birth of the concept strategic planning.

Definition

Strategic planning is a thorough self-examination procedure regarding organizational goals and means of achieving its goals.

Objective

The main objective of strategic planning is to help the company to select and organize its businesses in such a way that the company will remain healthy and fit in spite of all the unexpected upsets that occur in some product lines and specific businesses.

Importance

Strategic planning does not predict the future but for a manager it –Assists in coping effectively with all future emergencies and contingencies.

Provides an early opportunity to rectify inevitable errors. Helps in making the correct decisions at the right time. Focuses on what actions to take in order to mould the future as

required.

Strategic planning serves a variety of purposes in organization, including to: 1. clearly define the purpose of the organization and to establish realistic goals and objectives consistent with that mission in a defined time frame within the organization’s capacity for implementation.2. Communicate those goals and objectives to the organization’s constituents.3. Develop a sense of ownership of the plan.4. Ensure the most effective use is made of the organization’s resources by focusing the resources on the key priorities.5. Provide a base from which progress can be measured and establish a mechanism for informed change when needed.6. Bring together of everyone’s best and most reasoned efforts have important value in building a consensus about where an organization is going.:

5


7. Provides clearer focus of organization, producing more efficiency and effectiveness8. Bridges staff and board of directors (in the case of corporations).9. Builds strong teams in the board and the staff (in the case of corporations) 10. Provides the glue that keeps the board together (in the case of corporations) 11.Produces great satisfaction among planners around a common vision12. Increases productivity from increased efficiency and effectiveness13. Solves major problems

Simply put, strategic planning determines where an organization is going over the next year or more, how it's going to get there and how it'll know if it got there or not. The focus of a strategic plan is usually on the entire organization, while the focus of a business plan is usually on a particular product, service or program.

There are a variety of perspectives, models and approaches used in strategic planning. The way that a strategic plan is developed depends on the nature of the organization's leadership, culture of the organization, complexity of the organization's environment, size of the organization, expertise of planners, etc. For example, there are a variety of strategic planning models, including goals-based, issues-based, and organic, scenario (some would assert that scenario planning is more a technique than model), etc. Goals-based planning is probably the most common and starts with focus on the organization's mission (and vision and/or values), goals to work toward the mission, strategies to achieve the goals, and action planning (who will do what and by when). Issues-based strategic planning often starts by examining issues facing the organization, strategies to address those issues, and action plans. Organic strategic planning might start by articulating the organization's vision and values and then action plans to achieve the vision while adhering to those values. Some planners prefer a particular approach to planning, eg, appreciative inquiry. Some plans are scoped to one year, many to three years, and some to five to ten years into the future. Some plans include only top-level information and no action plans. Some plans are five to eight pages long, while others can be considerably longer.

Quite often, an organization's strategic planners already know much of what will go into a strategic plan (this is true for business planning, too). However, development of the strategic plan greatly helps to clarify the organization's plans and ensure that key leaders are all "on the same script". Far more important than the strategic plan document, is the strategic planning process it.

STRATEGIC PLANNING TOOLS

6


A common approach in strategic planning and analysis is the SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is an effective way of gaining insights regarding your assets and liabilities and also to identify what's happening in your environment.A SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) can assist an organisation to identify areas for development and can be the basis of its overall personal strategy for future advancement.

THE FOLLOWING MODEL REPRESENTS STRATEGIC PLANNING IN AN ORGANISATION

The time to articulate mission, values, and vision is now - at the outset of an organization's life, if possible, and at the first opportunity if the organization

7


is already underway. Each element has its distinct characteristics and role in organizational life:

MISSION is the raison d'etre for an organization i.e. why it exists. The original founders' intentions - what they wanted to achieve by starting the organization - must be reexamined and refreshed periodically if an organization is to remain dynamic.

VALUES manifest in everything you do as a group, not only public programs, but also how the organisation operates. For instance, one organization may identify access as a primary value; when they plan programs, they think foremost about how to remove the barriers and encourage the widest possible participation. Another group might value quality of artistic performance above all else; when they assign budget priorities, they opt for artistic expenditures above all others. Articulating values provides everyone with guiding lights, ways of choosing among competing priorities and guidelines about how people will work together.

VISION is what keeps us moving forward, even against discouraging odds. For example, a media-literacy group may envision a nation where every child knows how to talk back to television. Vision is the most powerful motivator in an organization. If it's vivid and meaningful enough, people can do astounding things to bring it to realization. But if it's lacking, no amount of resources will be able to get people off their butts.

NON-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS

A non-profit organization (often called "non-profit org" or simply "non-profit" or "not-for-profit") may be a formal incorporated not-for-profit corporation that does not have shareholders, though it may have members and issue membership certificates or require member loans. It may also be a trust or association of members. Its members who elect the Board of Directors or Board of Trustees may control the organization. Not-for-profit organizations may have a delegate structure to allow for the representation of groups or corporations as members. It may be a non-membership organization and the board of directors may elect its own successors. It may have a tax exemption status or it may be a de-facto group of individuals operating for a common purpose. For example, it may comprise a voluntary group of individuals who are dedicated to developing an open content online encyclopedia that allows any member of the public who has access to an internet connection and a World Wide Web browser to make a contribution of knowledge, information, and editing, formatting, or programming skills.

8


Such "organizations" are often charities or service organizations; they may be organized as a not-for-profit corporation or as a trust a co-operative or they may be purely informal. Sometimes they are also called foundations, or endowments that have large equity funds. Most foundations give out grants to other not-for-profit organizations, or fellowships to individuals. However, any not-for-profit corporation -- even volunteer organizations or grass roots groups, may use the name foundation. A non-profit organization may be a very loosely organized group such as a block association, or a trade union, or it may be a complex structure such as a university, hospital documentary film production company or educational book publisher.

Most jurisdictions have laws governing the setting up, running, and reporting requirements of these organizations. In many aspects they are similar to business entities though there are often significant differences. Both non-profit and for-profit entities must have board members, steering committee members, or trustees who owe the organization fiduciary duties of loyalty and trust.

NASEOHNational Society for Equal Opportunities

Introduction

NASEOH was established in 1968 as a voluntary organization to work for the improvement of all categories of disabled and they started their operations as

9


an organization in 1972. The services of the organization are focused mainly on disabled, adults, families and communities usually from the age group of 18-40 years but they also focus on disability in children. NASEOH aims to provide them with equal opportunities for education, vocational training, work and recreation.

NASEOH has its headquarters and center at Chembur, Mumbai and attends to the needs of the large populations in Mumbai and other districts of Maharashtra. It has been able to instill a feeling of confidence and courage in the many children who are born poor and are physically & mentally disabled at birth or later by accident or illness. One of the principal mandates of the organization is to equip these handicapped with skills and education that will enable them to aspire and manage employment and businesses and be self-reliant.

Among the various programmes that NASEOH has initiated to rehabilitate the disabled are:

Disabilities Prevention Center The center has been promoting prevention programmes against communicable diseases, hearing and visual impairment. Medical camps are held at various places and corrective surgery is conducted at minimal cost. The center also organizes community health awareness programmes, training courses and provides aids, appliances and nutritional supplements to needy children.

Education NASEOH is committed to assist the disabled in their education. The Falguni Learning Center for special children under 6 years of age supports integrated education for the hearing impaired and school going disabled children with books, uniforms and other necessities. NASEOH has been successful in integrating a number of hearing impaired children to able-bodied schools as a result of this programmed.

Vocational Training The Smt Kamla Mehta Naseoh's Vocational Training Center for the Disabled provides training and hands-on work to the disabled over 18 years in various trades that can provide employment. These include Light Engineering, Tailoring, Woodwork, Fabrication, Composing, Printing, Bookbinding, Assembly, and Typing & Computer Competencies. Also included are courses in pottery, ceramics, gardening, beauty & hairstyling. Through these skills, NASEOH hopes the disabled will be able to get employment in business & industry. It tries to place these people in stable jobs that provide basic income and satisfaction.

Placement Placing the disabled in open & self-employment is a challenging task. NASEOH has employed disabled as machinists, typists, telephone operators, assemblers, helpers, photocopier operators, clerks, tailors, lab attendants, peons and many more such dignified occupations.

10


Self Employment NASEOH helps the disabled with interest free loans to set up self-employment and assists them to get opportunities such as Telephone Booths from the government. It also finds donors to provide qualified disabled with equipment & resources like tailoring machines, goats, etc which they can use for self-employment.

Reaching out to the Rural Disabled NASEOH endeavors to advance social & economic opportunities to the disabled in rural areas. Community counseling services have been organized for the disabled & their families in districts of Maharashtra. The disabled in the age groups of 18-40 are trained in goat rearing, dairy farming & tailoring. Financial support has also been provided and a few thousand disabled have been rehabilitated after this training.

Aids & Appliances NASEOH has developed expertise and facilities to manufacture tri-cycles, wheel chairs, prosthetic & orthoptic aids for the disabled. These along with aids like calipers, braces, hearing aids and others are provided free to the disabled. Many thousands have benefited from these services. Medical camps are also organized in rural areas to identify the needy disabled for this assistance.

Sports & Recreation National & State level competitions are organized in sports, for all categories of disabled, besides organizing other recreational activities and skill competition in dance & drama.

Research, Publication & Library Services As part of its efforts to develop new curriculum and methods for the disabled, NASEOH conducts a number of research programmes. To disseminate information, a journal and other publications are published. NASEOH also has a Special Library for the disabled.

MISSION

“To create comprehensive rehabilitation opportunities for the differently-abled persons so as to facilitate integration into the mainstream of the society, and to enrich the life of differently-abled persons as well as the interfacing individuals and community.”

VISION

To be an apex body, with 25% of it's services in the field of direct intervention.

11


To establish a state of the art resource center, networking with various direct and indirect stakeholders in the cause of the disabled to fulfill the mission of the organization.

As primary service providers, the focus shall be in the following areas:

o Training and trainerso Research & Development of services and products for the

community o Innovations o Capacity building and networking facilities for NGO's and

individuals working in the social canvas. o Networking with educational institutions, research bodies,

corporate sector, and individuals. o Advocacy & Awareness with governmental agencies and the

public at large. o Developing capacities in the field of resource

mobilization/project appraisal and management to provide integrated services to NGO's and funding agencies in the field of funding and impact monitoring and effective project management.

o Develop as a micro-financing hub for entrepreneurial initiatives from the differently-abled communities through strategic networking and alliances.

o To develop entertainment/cultural/social enrichment modules for the community (real-time models/virtual models, etc.)

o To develop an umbrella brand marketing various products and services. This brand would have qualities of compassion, empathy, professionalism, progressive, dynamism, and aggressive, confident, non-apologetic, quality-conscious, responsible.

o Create & sustain rural outreach models in a nodal strategy. o Network with global communities and develop strategic

alliances. o Create and develop a volunteer base. o Creating core values in innovative solutions that revolutionize

institution public sector, paradigm and benchmark. o Emphasis on relationship building with direct and indirect

stakeholders in the cause. o Quality-conscious while adopting realistic approach towards

magnitude of the problem.

12


STRATEGIC PLANNING IN NASEOH

Naseoh’s main area of focus is handling and eradicating various types of disabilities like deafness, dumbness, polio, spread of diseases etc. It plays an important role in handling, training and bringing about the welfare of the mentally and physically challenged section of the society. In carrying out these types of operations NASEOH follows a well-planed system i.e. it goes about some kind of strategic planning which involves a planned use of various resources available to them. But to certain extent this plans also fifers from individual to individual as each of them is different with different kind of problems and disability. But, a comprehensive strategic plan of NASEOH can be explained as follows:

PLANNING OF SERVICES

1. Health and Prevention: As we know that slums cover more than 50% area of Mumbai city. Therefore it is extremely essential to address the slum dwellers on areas of concern like personal hygiene, literacy, proper sanitation etc. in order to prevent the spread of diseases and physical disabilities like polio NASEOH follows the following type of plan:

It divides the city into various civic wards and then goes into slum areas of the respective civic wards and conducts a survey on the number of physical disabilities in the slums. They also conduct surveys on the prevalence of various communicable diseases. Then they focus their attention on the prevention of these disabilities.

They execute their activities by following the below mentioned plan:

Objectives of the department

1. To identify the children 'at risk' treat them medically to prevent the onset of disabilities

2. To arrest the disability by corrective surgery.3. To educate the community on the importance of preserving health and hygiene.

Core Values A. Health is a human condition, which cannot be achieved by a health

care system in isolation. It requires major changes, in individual attitude in Socio-Economic and environmental relationships as well as change in values and lifestyle.

B. Prevention is better than rehabilitation.C. Primary health care saves human beings from disabilities and

suffering.D. Disability is costly and places severe stress and strain on the family.E. Community participation along with the government is essential, to

strengthen the health status of the human being and finally

13


F. Community based services - is the most cost effective and the best delivery system for a large and densely populated environment like that of ours.

NASEOH achieves the goal of "prevention is better than cure", through the following programs

Screening of children, adults for various preventable diseases. Providing health-building tonics to prevent anemia. Immunizing community, school going children under 5 years against

Polio, Hepatitis’s’, M.M.R. Providing vitamins 'A'&'D' and nutritional supplements. To under take polio corrective surgery. Providing mobility aids like caliper braces, surgical shoes, wheel chair,

Tri- Wheelers, Jaipur foot, hearing aids and other educational aids.

Providing para-medical services- physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy.

Counseling to family on family spacing and use of birth control methods.

Health education. Follow-up services. Organizing camps in city and in rural areas.

NASEOH has various plans to spread this campaign on a mass basis, to sensitize the community towards the prevention of avoidable disabilities.

2. Education: NASEOH assists the disabled in acquiring an education that will allow them to fully integrate into society. These activities range from supporting integrated education for the deaf to providing school-going disabled children with scholarships, uniforms etc.

Falguni NASEOH's Learning Centre for children with special needs.

The Falguni Centre is a unique institution for the development and rehabilitation of young children with multiple disabilities. The student's disabilities include cerebral palsy, low vision, speech and communication problems, and mental and learning disabilities. The primary objective of the centre is to introduce these children into mainstream society after completion of the education course.

To ensure continuity of the skills taught at the Falguni Centre, the child's mother (or any close relative looking after the child) is an integral part of the learning process. The education addresses both the needs of the student, and the needs of the parent to be able to continue the educational development of the child.

Objective of the centre1) To enhance physical, mental and emotional growth2) e child's cognitive, motor, perceptual and sensory abilities.3) To make the child independent to fullest extent.

14


4) To make the child ready for inclusion into formal school/ special school.5) To train the parent in supporting the continuous development of their child.

3. Vocational Training: In this service the disabled are provided free "on- the -job" training in various departments of their Vocational Training Center, to keep them in tune with the changing economic and employment scenario. They operate with following objectives:

To develop work skills

To develop work culture and work habit

To encourage ‘Self-reliance’ and Dignity of life.

To meet the above objectives focus on the training has been arranged on the basis of

A simulated work environment Training "on the job" in various occupational skills Opportunities for employability in open and self

Areas of training: The training center provides ‘Equal Opportunities’ in training without and kind of reservations to both uneducated and educated. The training is imparted regularly in:

a. Fabrication, Sheet Metal Work, Welding & Fitting and Assembly of Appliances

b. Assembly and fitting of Orthotic and Prosthetic Appliances.c. Typing and office assistance.d. Tailoring, Embroidery and Fabric Painting.e. Gardening and landscaping, horticulture.f. Potteryg. Artificial jewelry and candle making.h. Computer soft skills and Data Processing.i. Beauty hair care and style.j. Indoor mushroom cultivationk. Training in kitchen skills.

4. Aids and Appliances: Technical aids, which are called as tools of living, are the important devices to assist the persons with disability in their mobility. NASEOH meets this much needed necessity, through its "Aids and Appliances Fabrication and Fitting Centre", where Triweelers, Wheelchairs, Jaipur prosthesis, Calipers and Braces, Surgical Shoes, Crutches etc. are fabricated and fitted as per the needs of the individual disabled beneficiaries.

15


NASEOH holds regular orthopedic camps to screen people of all ages requiring physical restorative services in the rural areas.

5. Employment and Placement Services: According to Galen, "employment is nature's physician and is essential for human happiness." Occupation is a great source of joy and satisfaction. Employment and Placement Services at NASEOH provide opportunities to persons with disabilities in corporate employment and self-employment. The disabled have been employed as typist, clerks, packers, telephone operators, paging service operators, call centre operators, compositors, computer operators, cashiers, machinists, binders, Administrators, painters, tailors gardeners, vendors and PR officers. The Consulate General of Japan has provided NASEOH with a Grant, to establish a Data Entry Unit at NASEOH. On an average 50-disabled people utilize this facility each day, earning a living as self-employed contractors.

6. Counseling: Regular individual and group counseling sessions are held by the social workers and counseling experts to the students and their family members.

7. Advocacy and Awareness: NASEOH acts as a catalyst in making disabled aware of his rights and privileges, enshrined in our constitution, in particular reference to Persons with Disability Act- 1995 and National Trust Act for welfare of persons with autism, cerebral palsy, mental retardation and multiple disabilities-1999.

Advocacy and Awareness are two terms of the same coin. Taking the initiative, NASEOH advocates disabled to lift their self-esteem, by grasping various courses of actions devised for them. Advocacy then moves into its next phase of Awareness. Aware of his or her basic rights and privileges, a disabled person takes charge of his life to move with confidence in the society.

The center of NASEOH's Advocacy and Awareness revolves around restoring pride and dignity in the disabled. Sometimes benefits of this program turns out to be more than, that envisaged when a disabled himself advocates to his fellow colleagues.

8. Empowerment: NASEOH holds seminars on empowering the disabled. The following issues are addressed:

A. Legal rights both as women and as a women with disabilityB. Training and employment opportunitiesC. Leadership.D. Worldwide prospective

9. Business Process Opportunities (BPO): NASEOH is fully aware of the impact of Information technology on human beings and, the resultant challenges Thrown at the Human race. Leveraging IT with a view to provide better opportunities for the disabled and handicapped individual is in line with the core objective of our institution.

16


NASEOH developed the infrastructure and the capabilities, required to offer training and equal opportunities to the physically handicapped; in the field of IT and IT enabled services. Backed by committed volunteer experts in Technology, related domain and service industry, we offer

Training center – Basic and advance use of Computer applications – designed to impart skills required for data entry and other IT related/enabled back office operations.

Data entry related services. They undertake Data entry related job work. The activity is carried out at NASEOH premises – to provide employment to the skilled and successful candidates developed at the above training institute.

English language and communications related training – designed to impart skills required for the IT enabled services industry – with specific reference to Call centers.

NASEOH’S personnel’s trained in Data entry operations, are employed on contract basis by M/s. Datamatics – a Pioneer and leader of the IT industry in India.

Organizations of repute viz. Reliance, Transworks, offer employment to handicaps trained in Bank office operations and customer interactive services (Call center).

PROJECT PLANNING

CBR-Rural

Community Based Rehabilitation: The majority of Indians live in villages, working hard with little or no support from the government. Lacking basic amenities and disconnected from development, many rural people are unable to benefit from the advances of modern technology.

The situation for disabled people living in villages is even more challenging, as they lack access to programs and institutions that can help them integrate into society. This effectively limits the rural disabled from improving their standard of living.

NASEOH has been implementing rural based programmes, which provide rehabilitation services, thereby providing job opportunities to the differently abled people.

For example, the project of enhancing Socio-Economic Status of Disabled at Karjat, Tehsil of Ahmednagar District. Under the project various activities were planned and executed:

1. Recruitment of the project staff.2. Distribution of Aids and Appliances to the identified disabled.

17


3. Need analysis for Vocational training and Employment.

4. Staff orientation and training through Action Aid India.

5. Training of 37 disabled in basic computer soft skills.

6. Training of 24 disabled in animal husbandry through MITCON Consultancy services.

7. Training of 5 disabled in Tailoring skills and setting up their self employment by provision of Tailoring machines through Zilla Parishad, Govt. of Maharashtra,

8. 5 disabled have been trained and provided seed capital of Rs.2000/- each for home based poultry farming.

9. Self-employment oriented Agro and Techno based skills have been provided to 50 disabled through MITCON and Zilla Parishad.

In addition to the above focused areas of activities NASEOH also tried to initiate programs on health, prevention, awareness and disability management.

CBR-Urban Slums

A. Immunization of community and school going children against MMR, Hepatitis -B In addition to regular programmes the department immunized children from the slum colonies and pre- primary school children around NASEOH. Total 3007 children for MMR, 6928 children for Hepatitis-B (3 doses) between 2000-2002 received the benefit.

B. Reproductive and child health programme NASEOH completed two-year project titled "Reproductive Health of Women, Men, Boys and Girls in Reproductive Age Group in the project areas." The project was implemented amongst the 2000 families residing in Thakker Bappa Colony -Chembur. The project aimed at disseminating information to the above groups on health related problems especially on HIV/AIDS.

C. Eye care project NASEOH implemented Eye care project at Thakker Bappa, Jagurati, Lal Dongar, Siddharth Colony, Gautam Nagar - Chembur and Kappori -Thane. With the help of team of doctors from Haji Bachuali eye hospital, Mumbai, patients were screened for various eye problems, Cataract operations were conducted, and with IOL implantation and also Spectacles were distributed to correct refractive errors.Workshop was organized to mark world vision day for the benefit of community. Exhibition and Vitamin-A camps were also held

18


Promotion of preventive health care and education in five slum colonies. Under this project medical check-up camps, were conducted in the colonies. Children were immunized against polio. Training course for 25 women volunteers were conducted for 13 days and given extensive inputs on maternal health, childhood diseases, alcoholism, nutrition, HIV/AIDS, childhood disability, tuberculosis, leprosy and alternative medicines. The women were also oriented to their rights and formation of Mahila Mandals, seven days intensive course were also conducted separately for health volunteers.

Training: NASEOH conducts regular training programmes for regular health volunteers, women men, teachers and parents on total health care and prevention of disabilities. So that they can understand the disabled better and treat each of them in the required manner.

RESOURCE PLANNING:

1. Fund Raising: NASEOH has been launching regular collection drive in the schools. Competition known as the collection emperor to present King and Queen and Prince and Princess are organized through this competition. NASEOH has been able to raise around 80,000 a year. The children of schools extending their helping hand are felicitated every year in a befitting manner. Society also organizes fund raising programmes eminent artists are invited to give their performance in Aid of NASEOH. Society collect money by way of advertisements, sponsorship, banners.

Fund Granting Organizations / Individuals Government of Maharashtra, Department of Social Welfare Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India Action Aid India Heart, Hand for the Handicapped, USA Rotary Club of Bombay Midtown Rotary International (foundation) Lions Clubs (District 323 A2) Rotary International Lions Clubs Deepam Educational Society for Health - Chennai Vijay Modi Foundation Lalji Mehrotra Foundation Falguni Charity Turst, (Ahmadabad) Sir Dorab Tata Trust Sir Ratan Tata Trust Mr. Arun Chauhan (NRI London) B.J. Modi Foundation Mumbadevi Temple Charities Volunteers For India Development and Empowerment, USA

19


Consulate of Japan, Mumbai 'Asha' for Education, USA

2. ExhibitionNASEOH displays products made by the students, during the Annual exhibition it holds every year. Products include Gift, Tailoring articles, Plants; Ceramic items are put on sale.

3. Manpower: It encourages various well-established people to work towards a noble cause and give as much help as possible to the society. They also give awards to people for this invaluable contribution to the organization. They also give special training to people so that they can help the disabled earn their own living.

4. Machinery and equipments: NASEOH makes sure they have the appropriate equipments available for the disabled so that they can perform the various tasks from time –time. They have also imported special kind of wheel chairs from Japan for their polio and physically handicapped candidates.

ALLOCATION/APPLICATION OF FUNDS:

Source of Funds:

34% of the funds come through voluntary contribution in cash and kind

16% comes through return on investments.

13% comes through products and service sale.

17% comes through grants from government.

13% comes from community contributions through schools.

7% contribution comes from other sources.

Application of funds:

NASEOH applies about 46% of its funds on vocational training

16% of its funds on the establishment of the disabled.

15% on maintenance and repair of property.

13% on restorative services.

9% on depreciation.

6% on prevention and health

2% on food subsidiary

20


2% on placement support

1% on awards and appreciation

1% on education.

NASEOH is an organization one of its kinds which not only looks after the disabled but also helps them get equal opportunities in our open society. If this organization is given enough support and encouragement then it really change the world of the disabled and help them live a fun-filled life provided our society as whole comes together to support such a cause and accept such people and give them enough and equal opportunities to help stand up on their own and live with pride.

THE SPASTICS SOCIETY OF INDIA

21


Introduction

Cerebral Palsy is a disorder of movement and posture resulting from a permanent, non progressive defect of the immature brain"

Before the year 1972 very little was known about this complicated disorder called Cerebral Palsy in India. The main reason for such a state was ignorance.

History

DR.Mithu Alur, following the birth of her daughter Malini, founded the spastics’ society of India in Bombay on October 2nd 1972. The main aim of the society was to alert the nation to the needs of children with cerebral palsy and to render services in the area of education and treatment to such children. Smt. Nargis Dutt became the first patron of the society in 1973 and after her demise her husband Mr. Sunil Dutt took up her work. Initially it provided education and treatment services gradually broadening its scope to teacher training, vocational training of young adults, advocacy and awareness, support for parents and other professionals.

Organisation

An elected body of seven trustees and nominated members governs the society with specialist interests who constitute a governing body. The overall managements of society’s activities are vested in the founder chairperson. Directors of services, who are supported by technical and administrative staff, manage each service component on a day-to-day basis.

The First School

The late Prime Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi responded positively and provided premises in Colaba, Mumbai, to start the first ever school in the country for spastic children. The society set up the first ever school in India for children with cerebral palsy at Colaba in 1973. The school provided education and treatment facilities under one roof and commenced with three children- Malini, Farhan, Imtiaz

Growth

22


The society grew rapidly thereafter starting a teacher training college, a therapists training programme, and a skills development unit- all at its site in Colaba.Nationally the society promoted the growth of services at Calcutta (1974), Delhi (1977), Bangalore (1980) and Madras (1985). With a selective policy of ensuring 50% outstation students at its teacher training programme, the society was able to generate trained professionals in these various locations. These centres in turn spun off peripheral services in their regions, leading to significant services provisions in what had been a much-neglected field.

Centres

The National Centre for Inclusion, ColabaThe Spastic Society of India is a non-governmental organization providing services to children with disabilities. Inter-disciplinary team of professionals is involved in providing the services.

Expertise on Inclusive Education Community Development Therapy Services Inclusive Educators Social Worker

Volunteers

SSI follows two models of inclusion: Children with disabilities from SSI are placed in regular schools and

close follow-up is maintained. Admission is open also to children without disabilities at SSI to

facilitate inclusion and create an inclusion friendly atmosphere.

Services Infant stimulation programme is geared towards providing

early intervention in areas of cognition, perception, sensory and motor development. Includes children between ages of 0-3 years.

This programme is conducted once a week and parents follow up a home- based programme.

Academic - classes from Nursery to STD X following SSC board pattern.

National open School - Students are prepared for class X exams in the NOS conducted by Indira Gandhi National Open University, Delhi. Timings: 9:00am to 12:30pm. Monday and Friday

Non - Academic - These are the pre-vocational classes - Junior, Senior and Advanced. Children are provided with functional academics and training in vocational activities at different levels. Timings are 9:00am to 3:30pm. Monday to Friday.

23


Home Management Programme is run for preparing children with severe disabilities towards independence in areas of social skills, academics, perception, cognition, sensory and motor development. The age of children taken in this programme is 5 years and above. The session is conducted twice a week and a home - based programme is to be followed up by parents.

The other centres in Mumbai are:

The National Resource Centre for Inclusion, Bandra

National Resource Centre for Inclusion (NRCI) was set up to promote inclusion in a human rights framework. It is located within the National Centre for Research and Training into Cerebral Palsy and other Physical Disabilities at Bandra, Mumbai. NRCI serves Bandra, Colaba and Dharavi.

The main Highlights of this Centre:

To increase the access of children to educational opportunities irrespective of disability, gender and social disadvantage.

To promote the exchange of information and ideas on sustainable inclusion policy and practice.

To develop a cadre of resources to support a sustainable model for the globalization of primary education of primary education.

To cultivate community attitudes and professional practices and legislative measures supportive of inclusive education and a social model of disability. Number of Children integrated in the year June 2001 Children with disability - 14 Children without disability - 50

The National Development Centre, Chembur

The National Job Development Centre (NJDC) was set up in 1989 as a tripartite agreement among the Government of India, National Institute of Disability, Research and Rehabilitation, Washington and SSI. However, now it is an autonomous project maintained by SSI. International experiences in vocational rehabilitation, ILO guidelines, world action programmes concerning the disabled are reflected in the spirit, philosophy and thinking of NJDC.

The main Highlights of this centre:

24


The fundamental goal of NJDC is to provide appropriate training facilities, vocational guidance and counseling, selective employment and post-placement follow-ups.

NJDC has environment-specific models of vocational training that can be adapted at the urban, slum and national levels.

Awareness campaigns on various aspects of disability are conducted.

NJDC has many departments that assist in the attainment of their targets.

These departments are: 1.Assessment, evaluation and further education 2.An adult Literacy Programme and Youth Training Scheme 3.Placement 4.Research 5.Personnel training 6.Advocacy and Awareness

NJDC also has the following skill-training departments: 1.Computer Applications Centre 2.Printing 3.Tailoring 4.Catering and food processing 5.Light engineering 6.Office skills 7.Horticulture

The Sultan Noorani Memorial Karuna Sadan, Dharavi Centre

Karuna Sadan was set up in 1985 in the Urban Health Centre of Sion Hospital, Dharavi.

The main Highlights of this centre:

There are over 450 children who attend the school and many more waiting to join.

Every child is provided with assessment, therapy and infant stimulation and details on their management and long-term treatment courses are worked out.

Children are provided with calipers, crutches, boots and other facilities as part of the treatment. This is all besides the gross motor, physic, occupational and speech therapies.

The school follows a normal academic curriculum and includes it in all aspects of pre-school education, i.e. play, confidence building, concept formation, etc.

Outpatient children and their parents visit the centre twice a week so the home management techniques can be worked out. A special programme for feeding, physiotherapy,

25


concept building and intellectual stimulation is introduced to the parents.

Under the nutrition project of Sion Hospital, the children are given a glass of milk everyday. A high protein diet is given to the undernourished. Simultaneously the health status of the child is constantly monitored.

The Society tries to establish links with industries and institutions, which would help in providing employment to the handicapped adults.

VISION

To create and build development services for the Spastics through education and other ancillary services.

To see that everybody has equal opportunities. To see that Maharashtra is disabled friendly and access free. To construct an inclusive community where all children who face

barriers to learning due to social disadvantages, gender or disability are included.

To promote inclusive education policy and to provide focus for these activities.

MISSION

“All people should have a right to education.”

Objectives:

The objective of this society is inclusion of all children. According to NRCI policy, this society is no more working only with children with disabilities, but with all children facing barriers to learning. It is a policy of the course to empower students to work towards Education for All irrespective of gender, disability or social class.

Students attending the course in inclusive education will be trained to:

Study National and international policies affecting persons with disabilities.

Appreciate and understand disability as a developmental issue. Understand social model of disability and respond to the specific educational, emotional, social and physical needs of disabled persons and their families.

Develop skills in management of children with multiple disabilities.

26


Develop necessary skills in working as a member of the multidisciplinary team of professionals.

Understand practicalities of Inclusion. Prepare personnel for manning positions as resource

teachers in mainstream schools. Learn techniques in educational assessments, evaluation

and placement of disabled children. Promote c-operation among multidisciplinary team of

professional. Learn techniques in preparing individual programmes,

remedial education programmes and implement them. Familiarize with organizational and administrative aspects,

school programme and community projects. Develop skills in encouraging family and community

participation in rehabilitation of disabled. To appreciate issues in income generation, vocational

training, family counseling parent education and community based rehabilitation.

Learn the international trends in inclusive education and rehabilitation.

STRATEGIC PLANNING IN SPASTICS SOCIETY

PROJECT PLANNING:

All of the projects of SSI are geared towards promoting Inclusion

Inclusion means all castes, classes, religions, gender, and ability learning and working together.

Schools and communities, which welcome all children and adults.

Responsibility of all Building a community A process A Journey

There are various projects that are in progress. These projects have been in collaboration with various institutions around the world. Some of the main projects are as follows:

1. Inclusive Education practice in Early Childhood:

27


The Spastics Society of India, Mumbai conducted and action research study based in the socially disadvantaged areas of Mumbai, India. The study addressed the acute marginalization of children with disabilities and their isolation from their communities and society.

Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the intervention factors needed for

the well being and development of children with disabilities in the context of families and communities.

It also aimed at putting children with disabilities into existing programmes being run by the Government so that inclusive education can be up scaled within the government’s framework of services.

Target Population: The target population includes children in the age group of 3-5years

with special focus on girl child, children with disabilities, and socially disadvantaged children.

Methodology of the research involves demonstration, research, evaluation and analysis, publication and dissemination.

There were two components of intervention and research making this a large action research project on inclusive education for the 3-5 year olds.

The research findings indicated that the children’s development increased and barriers to inclusion decreased.

2. A FOUR NATIONS PROJECT (UNESCO – SSI)

'The Four Nation Project' 'Developing Sustainable Educational Inclusion Policy and Practice' is a collaborative, comparative, action research and development project on educational inclusion policy and practice. The Project was initiated and is co-ordinate by the Canterbury Christ Church University College in the UK with the participation of the University of Manchester (UK). It is drawing on the knowledge and experience of researchers and practitioners in England, South Africa, Brazil and India. It aims to reduce academic and social exclusion from education through the development and mobilization of local resources and the dissemination of instructive practice.

The main Highlights of this Project:

28


Identify the factors causing exclusion and maximize the participation of all students within the development area under an education for all paradigms.

To build context based culture specific models of inclusion that will be sustainable.

To coordinate with the State and Local Authority and draw them into the project to ensure sustainability.

To develop inclusion policy and practice within that pilot area and evaluate progress over a three-year period.

In each area a core-inclusion support team will be identified from local people working and living within the area, which will support and gain support from the project.

3. UGAM

Ugam is the Spastics Society of India's pre-school EFA model in Dharavi. The programme was initiated in 1999, with the preliminary survey of the area. The project consists of five pre-schools and is supported by Canadian International Development Agency. Through its small project fund called the Child Development Fund or CDF. The five pre-schools or Anganwadis are called:

Asha (hope) Prerna (inspiration) Maitri (friendship) Jyot (flame) Shanti (peace)

The main Highlights of Ugam

Ugam anganwadis are inclusive. Almost 16% of the students are malnourished or have physical or sensory disabilities.

The target beneficiaries were all children in the age group of 2 to 5 years, with no discrimination being made in terms of religion, caste, gender, socio-economic status or disability.

Trained special educators make regular visits to the anganwadis, and demonstrate simple techniques in joyful learning.

Ugam has achieved a considerable amount of its goals. These include: a) A cost effective model of inclusion in the community b) Employment for ten women from within the community. c) Celebrations of all the festivals at Ugam to inculcate the Indian Culture. d) Improvement in the personal hygiene among the children.

29


4. Able Disabled All People Together (ADAPT)

On the national level a disabled activist group or the Rights Group has been formed. This is called ADAPT. ADAPT stands for Able Disabled All People Together. Many barriers exist that limit people with disability from being active participants in every day life. Their basic human rights denied invisibility in public policy, negative attitudes, inaccessible facilities and transportation systems.

PHILOSOPHY OF ADAPT:

ADAPT believes that both disabled and non disabled can and should work together.

It is inclusive in spirit, cutting across class, gender, disabilities, religions, age, professions and geographical barriers.

To provide solutions and technical support to institutions/individuals on access needs of disabled people.

To provide wide-ranging information to individuals/institutions on rights issues concerning disabled persons.

Objectives of ADAPT

To influence public policy as its affects disabled people by working in partnership on common issues.

To provide a forum for policy and decision makers and provide information.

To promote a wider understanding of the diverse experiences, needs and aspirations of disabled people.

To advocate and lobby for the rights and entitlements of disabled people.

Activities of ADAPT

30


To lobby for change in the state policy and act as watchdogs.

Attitudes and Awareness: ADAPT strives to bring about a change in attitude towards people with disability through dissemination of information.

Inaccessible Facilities and Transportation Systems: Authorities are being approached to modify public transport (BEST buses, local trains and airlines in Mumbai) and public places with regards to accessibility.

Social Events: ADAPT organizes social events, alumni meetings of ex - students, from various centres of The Spastics Society of India, and picnics

ADAPT’S Long Term Plans: Work towards making Bombay a disabled-friendly city. Sensitizing larger groups - special focus on the professionals

like architects, town planners, government officials, doctors, etc.

Building a cadre of activists who would advocate strongly for the rights of persons with disability.

Broaden the scope of the existing public interest litigation to address issues on employment and education.

RESOURCE PLANNING:

1. Funding:

This organization mainly gets its funds from donors. The donors are either corporates or individuals.

To list a few of them we have:

ONGC

Reliance

Rotary

2. Manpower Planning: It is a voluntary organization so they do not have any plan as such to recruit people as trainers. People join the organization purely on voluntary basis. But, once people join the organization they are given special training sessions with the help of which they can handle the mentally and physically challenged as each of them are special and different in their own way.

31


SWOT ANALYSIS OF NASEOH and SPASTICS SOCIETY .

STRENGTH’s

1. There is transparency in their system of operation. For example, NASEOH has been given credibility alliance, which is a kind of a certification given to the NGO’s.

2. The quality of services provided by them is fulfilling to the disabled and all those who are a part of the organization who are a part of these NGO’s.

3. There is a sense of accountability on them since they have been in this service for over 30 years and are now granted with 80G exemption, sales tax exemptions, they are also given government aid therefore, and they are accountable for the services they provide.

4. They also provide opportunities for differently disabled persons with help of specialized equipments.

5. They provide special type of vocational and on-the-job training to the disabled.

6. Through its aids and awareness programmes they protect the rights of the disabled.

7. It also plays an important role in spreading awareness in the slum areas as well as rural areas with regards to spread of communicable diseases and also educate them in this field. For this they are well equipped with specialized trainers, teachers and counselors.

8. They provide education for local slum children till the nursery stage and then they help them get admission to municipal schools close to their house. Thus, they work on the principle of inclusion.

WEAKNESSES

32


1. There is a lack of human resource in these organizations i.e. these organizations feel short of hiring professionals to give specialized vocational training to the disabled.

2. They are also unable to generate enough resources in order to provide services. Hence, very often they fall short of resources.

3. The reach of services is still not fulfilling. As the number of disabled contribute to about 2% of India’s population but, only 0.2% of these are treated in such organizations.

OPPORTUNITIES

1. These two organizations have been able to build a positive image for themselves over the years, so they have a great potential to leverage themselves and thereby try and strive to become big organizations at National level and thereby treat a larger number of disabled.

2. If the organizations are able to gather enough funds and are able to provide enough employment opportunities to the disabled they can in near future try and become self-sufficient in terms of resources.

THREATS

1. One of the major threats to these two organizations is the unacceptable behaviour of the society. Today the open industry is not providing enough employment opportunities to the disabled as they are unable to openly accept them thereby proving to be a major threat to the organizations in the near future.

2. As such there is no codified law or policy for the employment of the disabled in the open industry. This is one of the major reasons for the unacceptable behaviour of the society and this can prove to be a major threat to such organizations.

3. Mushrooming of NGO’s and malpractices: Another threat to NASEOH and the Spastics Society is that a lot of mushrooming of small NGO’s is taking place. As a result of which many malpractices are being carried in such small NGO’s due to which the genuine NGO’s are loosing out on accountability and public trust.

4. The interest from investments is a major source of revenue for them. Of-late the falling interest rates are a major threat to them.

33


5. Also these organizations face severe competition from other NGO’s in selling the products made by the disabled such as corporates which place huge orders for greeting cards.

SMILESociety Moved to Instill Love With Empathy

Introduction

In the year 1997, Mrs Anaxi Shah, Founder President of SMILE and also an experienced social worker having a track record of 32 years of professional experience had a vision to commit herself to bring about a positive change in the lives of the street children, handicapped children, the downtrodden women, and the lonely senior citizens. With this vision in mind, Mrs. Anaxi Shah set out all by herself to accomplish her mission of providing a helping hand to the least of our brethren under the name of SMILE a Registered Charitable Trust. Initially, SMILE had no fixed place to work. However, while Mrs Shah was working on one of such endeavours, her activities caught the attention of the Nagar Sevak Mr Gunvant Sheth. Mr. Sheth understood the importance and depth of her activities and arranged for a Day Care Centre at Babulnath.

STRATEGIC PLANNING IN SMILE

Smile’s VISION AND MISSION STATEMENT:

SMILE’s mission statement is caring enough to share what surplus or little we may have with the deprived and encouraging others to do the same.

Objectives: SMILE’s overall objective is to work in close co-ordination with its target groups to enhance an overall development in its beneficiaries. To bring out their talents, shape up their confidence, make them independent and self-reliant.

Purpose

34


SMILE aims to promote educational, medical, emotional and social well being of underprivileged children and women irrespective of religion, race, community, caste, creed or language.

Focus Areas

To provide education to underprivileged children including orphans, children of single parent, street children and poor children.

To conduct rehabilitation programs for handicapped street children.

To provide vocational and other training programs to generate self-employment opportunities for needy women.

To create awareness about ageing and aged and to look after lonely senior citizens.

Advocacy

Locating resources and negotiating solutions for the underprivileged children, women and the aged. SMILE offers help in form of financial assistance to those caught short by circumstances and extends emotional support. Regular counseling sessions, crisis management and other health awareness programmes are also held for the upliftment of the less fortunate and neglected.

Core Values

Mutual respect and tolerance

Members of SMILE work on the principle of mutual respect and tolerance. they maintain that it is important to listen to the experiences and convictions of others with respect. mutual respect is the fundamental value that governs the way they treat each other. Aspects of respect are culturally determined. Externally, the way the value is explained has implications for strategy. However they also maintain that they will not tolerate situations that violate the basic human rights of others, but will not engage in violence.

“It’s all about loving your parents”. Protection of the elderly and a sense of responsibility towards them are one of the most important principles the society advocates.

FUND RAISING AND RESOURCE PLANNING

LIST OF SPONSORS AND DONORS – PARTNERS IN MAKING A DIFFERENCE

35


1. Concern India Foundation for supporting the salary of Udaan staff.2. Bina Doshi for supporting our sewing class for the hearing impaired

girls ofVikas Vidyalay School 3. Sheetal Shah for sponsoring dance costumes for our Udaan children 4. Milan Mehta for contributing towards the marriage expenses of needy

couples.5. Mrs. Bindu S. Shah for sponsoring the dance coaching class for our children.

SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS

1) Shiamak Davar's Institute for Performing Arts for training Udaan children in dance. 2) Vivek Oberoi for his quality time spent as Chief Guest at SMILE-Marine Plaza's Christmas Celebration for the Senior Citizens. 3) Kiran Martis, Raunak Jain, the Officials of Central Excise Department, Indus International and the Custom Officials for extending their wholehearted support in helping clear the consignment arrived from U.S.A.

The consignment of clothes, shoes and toys received as donation is a result of Mrs. Dolly Singh's efforts in collecting the same from her colleagues in the U.S. and forwarding the same to SMILE.

It is due to the unstinting support of the many donors – corporates, individuals and other organizations – that SMILE has been able to help so many older people. More and more concerned citizens are coming forward to strengthen our hands and contribute for the cause

Exhibitions

The following organizations/institutions help SMILE in raising funds by providing table space to sell their products: Nirmala Niketan college K.C. College St. Xaviers CollegeLintas Planet M Oxford Book Store Introductions Rashmi Uday Singh at Mumbai Food Festival

OTHER DONATIONS

They also have a sponsorship programme for children, Rs. 5000 per child for 1 year. SMILE has witnessed tremendous success in these sponsorship programmes .Mrs Anexi shah, founder president says that these programes

36


are efforts to wipe away the tears of our unfortunate children who need not just money and shelter but love and empathy. She says at the end of the day it all comes down to being human, to being committed to making the world a better place, for caring about what happens to our children and most importantly to know that it makes all the difference, even if it is only in the life of one child.

STRATEGIC ACTION PROGRAMMES \ PROJECT PLANNING IN SMILE

Project Udaan was initiated in the year 1997 to provide the street children with a platform for better living. Starting with a handful of children, today, the day care centre at Babulnath reaches out to nearly 3000 children from areas such as Charni Road, Marine Lines, Babulnath , Chowpatty and so on. Udaan’s main objective is to bring these children from street to school. The day care Centre functions from 10.00 am to 6.30 pm on a regular basis. The rehabilitation process involves prayers, yoga, non-formal education, medical aid, nutrition, recreation, art, craft, spiritual education, moral education, general awareness, educational workshops, festival celebrations and counseling. SMILE also ensures admission for these children in Municipal schools. Children attending school receive help with their academics at the Centre and the project team constantly encourages and motivates them to progress towards a bright future. Those performing well are shifted to private/Govt. grant schools where the standard of education is higher. Children excelling in a particular field receive expert training. In addition, professional Dance class, Tuition class, Painting class is conducted for these children to well equip them for future growth.

Achievements:

1. SMILE started with two children in the year 1997. In a span of only eight years reaches out to more than thousand children.

2. Over a period of years SMILE has succeeded in moulding the children by – educating them, developing their personality, training them and giving them stage exposure. There is tremendous change in the attitude and personality of the children and they have developed leadership qualities.

3. Tuition class project is very successful. The children have improved considerably in their results, study patterns, concentration levels and discipline. The parents too are taking keen interest in the education of their children as a result of frequent child parent workshops.

4. SMILE has developed a good rapport with the management and the children of BKM High School. The support from them is very good. The parents too are very cooperative. SMILE has extended our efforts to this school by working extensively with the 10th std. students in addition to the children from the SMILE Sponsorship Project.

5. The organization has been very successful in developing the personality of

37


one of its special child Rajesh Varatia with speech and hearing impediment. With SMILE’s intervention in terms of arranging for speech therapist, follow up, etc. has started communicating verbally without using sign language.

6. He has become very independent, travels by himself, gives performances and is improving academically too. He has won several certificates in school. He gave his ‘manjira’ performance at the Christmas celebration at Oxford Book Store, Churchgate. 7. Successfully institutionalized orphan children.8. Successfully repatriated migrant children back to their village.

9. Admitted children in school.10. Shifted children from Municipal schools to Private / Govt. grant schools.

11. Constant working with the parents has made them more co-operative now as compared to the initial years.

MONTESSARI PROJECT AT WALKESHWAR OFFICE

1.SMILE Montessori is the first ever Montessori School for the slum children in South Mumbai.

2. There has been a visible change in the behaviour of the Montessori School children in just a period of one year.

3. Children who are stubborn and have behavioral problems due to their family and social background have shown positive and drastic changes after our counseling sessions.

4. The children become independent and their thinking ability is developed.

5. Parents meetings / child parent workshops have brought about a positive change in the attitude of the family members.6. The first batch of children has secured admissions in Sr. Kg. at good English medium, govt. grant schools of South Mumbai.

PROJECT UTKARSH

It’s often said that one of the reasons for the devaluation of women in India is their own perceived economic worthlessness. However if women are made aware of their rights and helped to negotiate a better deal for themselves then the condition of women in society would certainly improve .it was this belief that inspired SMILE to work for the cause of women. SMILE thus came up with project Utkarsh. Project Utkarsh seeks to reach out to the needy women from various parts of Mumbai These women meet once a month to attend several programs run by SMILE. Financial assistance is provided for the education of their children. Workshops are conducted for

38


these women on confidence building, opportunities for self-employment, personality development, and basic human rights to living, health education, vocational training, etc. The women are also provided scope to participate in recreational and social activities and festival celebrations. Counseling and emotional support is also provided for the women with the aim of making these women feel wanted and accepted. At present the strength of such women is 100 in numbers. Besides these regular members we have reached out to nearly 200 women from the lower sections of society.

Achievements: The women have become very independent. They are able to take their own decisions. They have become strong and can face any situation in life. There is an upward growth in their personality. Those benefiting from the vocational training classes have started earning a decent income.

PROJECT UMANG

”U don’t stop laughing because u grow old, You grow old because u stop laughing.”…This is how project Umang was introduced. Project Umang is a result of an extensive research conducted by SMILE on a sample size of about five hundred senior citizens to assess their problems. Umang’s chief objective is to identify and redress the problems of senior citizens at the root level itself, before it may develop into a bigger problem and even affect the health of the concerned person. This is because SMILE strongly feels that the best care for older people is within their own homes. The aim is to address issues of old age, loneliness and difference of ideas and opinions between the generations. Project Umang is a forum for Senior Citizens where they can gather together in a support group that participates in various educational, informative and entertainment programmes. This is also achieved by organizing and taking them on tours. At present the strength of such senior citizens is 60 in numbers. They have been successful in reaching out to more than 800 senior citizens through mega programmes organized by SMILE in a very unique way.

Achievements:SMILE has been successfully working for the cause and care of the disadvantaged older people. The senior citizens feel blessed to have SMILE give them the love and attention that they stand most in need of in their twilight years.

PROJECT UNCHHI UDAAN

This Project aims at helping our Special Children to enter the mainstream of life, almost on par with better endowed people by teaching them in ways in which they can learn best. More emphasis is laid on their ability rather than their disability. SMILE organized Indradhanush - a stage show for the handicapped children to give them a chance to perform and enhance their

39


capabilities. It is noteworthy that SMILE’s child Rajesh Varatia, having a speech and hearing problem can do a ‘jugalbandi’ on the ‘Manjira’ with the ‘Tabla’ by simply watching the movement of hands. In 1997, SMILE had put him through a special training programme of speech therapy with a speech therapist and had changed his hearing aids. His hearing has opened up to 40%. He now calls out to his Mom. He can understand people and communicate with them without using sign language. Besides this, SMILE runs Sewing Class Project for the hearing impaired girls of Vikas Vidyalay School for the special children at Dadar.

Achievements: The girls benefiting from the sewing class have already started taking orders and standing on their own feet. Rajesh’s case is a great success as he excels in his academics and extra curricular activities with the intervention of SMILE. He has become very independent.

CONCLUSIONThe evolution and growth of SMILE is an excellent example of commitment and dedication towards betterment of society. SMILE gradually progressed in its efforts to bring back smiles on the faces of these less fortunate ones. Today, SMILE has been into existence for the past eight years. SMILE has its own office and has a team of dedicated workers that run a series of projects namely UDAAN, UTKARSH, UMANG and UNCHHI UDAAN.SMILE today successfully works for the cause and care of the disadvantaged and the underprivileged.

40


HELP AGE INDIA

IntroductionHelp Age India is working for the cause and care of Older Persons, with the ultimate aim of empowering them to take decisions pertaining to their own lives.It was formed in 1978 with active help from Mr. Cecil Jackson Cole, founder member of Help the Aged in United Kingdom.

Organizational Structure Mr. R Venkataraman & Mr. K R Narayanan, Former Presidents of India are the

patrons of Help Age India It’s Governing Body, comprising eminent persons from different walks of life,

oversees the activities of the society Mr. Amal Ganguli is the President and Mr. Mathew Cherian is the Chief

Executive. Mr. M M Sabharwal is the President Emeritus. The Chief Executive of Help Age India looks after the forward planning and

implementation of its policies and programmes with the support of functional Directorates at Head Office. Help Age India has 33 regional and area offices located all over the country.

International Connections

Help Age India is one of the founding members of Help Age International, a high profile body having 51 member countries representing the cause of the elderly at the United Nations.It has received a special testimonial from the United Nations for "Dedicated service in support of the United Nations Programme on Ageing". Help Age India is also a full member of the International Federation on Ageing.

MISSION STATEMENT

41


“To improve the quality of life of those older people who are disadvantaged “.

VISIONA future where older people are treated with respect and care, are not ignored or isolated and are looked after by their families thereby instilling dignity and independence in the lives of many older people.

Aims & ObjectivesTo foster the welfare of the aged in India especially the needy aged To raise funds for projects which assist the elderly irrespective of cast or creed To create in the younger generation and in society a social awareness about the problems of the elderly in India today

STRATEGIC PLANNING IN HELP AGE INDIA

PROJECT and SERVICES PLANNING:

Help Age India’s programs focus on improved access to health and eye care facilities, community-based services, livelihood support, and training. In addition, the organization also supports welfare programmes like old age homes and day care centers and the Adopt-A-Grandparent scheme.

Help Age India runs and supports the following Service Projects:

Ophthalmic Care: Help Age India conducts screening camps all over the country to detect eye diseases and subsequently organizes surgery where required with help from reputed eye hospitals. In the year 2003 - 04, Help Age India supported over 40,000 free cataract operations.

Mobile Medicare Units (MMU's) : 55 of Help Age India’s MMUs criss-cross the country in an effort to provide healthcare at the doorsteps of needy older persons in rural areas and urban slums where health care facilities are not easily accessible. Each van visits two spots in a day and 10 spots every week. In 03-04, the MMU teams carried out 12.18 lakh treatments, at an approximate cost of 3.82 crores, supplemented by donation of medicines from Pharmaceutical companies like Cipla and Dr.Reddy’s Labs. Four new MMU’s were launched in 03-04: Rajam and Patancheru (Andhra Pradesh) ,Ghaziabad/Greater Noida , (Uttar Pradesh), Kota (Rajasthan).

42

http://www.helpageindia.org/ophthalmic.php

http://www.helpageindia.org/mmu.php


Income Generation Schemes: Many people want to work but have no means of doing so Help Age helps them set up small enterprises through which they can they regain their status. In the family and community. Aiming to make older people self-reliant Help Age India has implemented income generation schemes, and helped restore dignity in the lives of many older persons.

The Help Age India established a bakery setup for the elderly in Nanded Gujarat, so that they could enable the elderly to earn their own livelihood through this small bakery unit. It was just a small gesture of help age towards the elderly, which proved to be a huge success and became a top the town. In other small town like nanded they also put up small teacarts for the elderly to provide them a source of livelihood.

Day Care Centers: 98 day care centres across the country have been supported by Help Age India. These are centres where older people can congregate and spend time with others of their age and background. Some centres also run income-generation schemes.

Adopt a Gran: Under this unique project, Help Age India links sponsors to destitute older people who have no form of support. This is scheme where people can donate a small amount of money each month to help support and care for an older person who is unable to support himself or herself. Already 16,875 persons have been adopted under the AAG programme. In 03-04 , Rs 1036.18 lakhs were spent on the programme, and 201 new grants were enrolled, taking the total number to 16,875.

Homes for the Aged: For those older people who do not have family, or anyone to support them. Help Age supports old age homes where they can live with dignity. Day care centers are places where older people can meet and interact with others like them. Help Age supports 194 old age homes.

Disaster Mitigation: During disasters and emergencies, older people face many problems because of their lack of physical mobility. They often get ignored when aid is distributed. During such times, Help Age focuses on the Aged and helps them put their life together. The super cyclone in Orissa, the earthquake in Bhuj and the war in Kargil – whatever the situation Help Age was quick to act to provide relief to those affected by the disasters.During humanitarian crises, older persons are usually the worst to suffer.

1. Immediately after the Tsunami Struck Southern India, Help age field workers began providing relief to affected Families. In disaster Situations, we find that the elderly are not able to access Aid easily, and because of their lack of physical mobility, are usually sidelined during a relief operation. This is where an NGO like Help Age comes in. By concentrating on the elderly, they neutralize their natural handicaps, and through it ensure that the entire

43

http://www.helpageindia.org/disastermitigation.php

http://www.helpageindia.org/homesaged.php

http://www.helpageindia.org/daycarecentres.php

http://www.helpageindia.org/incomegeneration.php


family is benefited. Help Age India Initially provided immediate relief and medical care and is now attending to meet the rehabilitation needs of older persons and their families. Identification indicated various categories of the affected persons as fishermen, Small/marginalizes farmers, agricultural labor, petty traders, rural artisans, Small service providers, Dalits and other daily wage earners.

Provision has also been made to assist the limited number of older people who may need direct welfare support. Counseling and guidance will also be provided to help older people in their families to access government program curing their registration to entitlement.

The rehabilitation support targeted 10,000 tsunami affected older people in 4 districts of Tamil Nadu and one District Of Kerala. Their immediate family or someone in their related family who is physical able may be provided with livelihood support the family of this older people and the communities in which they live will benefit through increased income gained by the income generating activities supported through this project. The aim will also be to ensure that the older people in the community get a life of dignity and love; that is why all support will be channeled through them and help age will ensure that the older person retains control of the income generating asset.

2. Emergencies: Key activities: Gujarat, India

A major earthquake struck the state of Gujarat in western India on 26 January 2001. The quake, measuring and caused widespread devastation, including damage to some 7,900 villages. Before the earthquake 6.9-7.9 on the Richter scale was among the strongest in 50 years. The epicenter was close to Bhuj city struck, Gujarat was one of the most highly developed states in India, with flourishing industries.

The immediate responseHelp Age India's response focused on rural areas, where most people were affected.

Working with four local partners - Kutch Vikas Trust (KVT), Shroff Foundation, Navjeevan Trust and Sadvichar Parivar - Help Age India conducted rapid needs assessments.

Basic relief items were delivered to 7,500 older people and their families. Mobile Medicare Units (MMUs) provided emergency medical care in villages in Kachch, Rajkot and Surendranagar districts.

Funding for Help Age India's emergency response in Gujarat came from the UK Department for International Development (DFID) and the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC). Help Age International manages disaster response projects for which Help the Aged UK raises funds through its membership of the DEC.

The rehabilitation programme

44


Help Age India and its partners have provided support to 2375 older people and their families through income generation activities - embroidery, agriculture, carpentry, goat rearing, selling vegetables - in the most affected districts (Kaachch, Rajkot and Surendranagar).

Older people and their communities selected these income generating activities based on main occupation and specific skills and knowledge prior to the earthquake, social and economic situation, environment and market opportunities.2375 families also received support to reconstruct their damaged houses. Community leaders and members decided on the style of housing in accordance with the cultural and environmental context of each particular area. All reconstructed houses are earthquake and cyclone resistant. The community was involved in the selection of beneficiaries. The rehabilitation programme lasted for 3 years, with funding from the European Community. The project aims to restore the income levels of 4,000 older people and their families through farming, micro-economic activities, salt harvesting and arts and crafts in 150 villages in these districts by March 2005.

Advocacy : Acting as the voice of the aged, Help Age India constantly lobbies with governments and pressure groups to bring about policies benefiting older persons.

Cancer: One of Help Age’s focus areas, the organization provides support for early detection, provides infrastructure to hospitals, and promotes palliative care for patients.

Alzheimer’s Disease: Help Age has started a campaign for caregivers in the form of educational programmes, support groups for care givers and counseling for family members of Alzheimer’s patients

Helpline: Help age ensures that older people always have some one to talk to on the telephone. Their help lines in Chennai and Bangalore are advice lines providing information and help for older people in distress. In this eventful one year, the Help line has provided assistance to 1062 elders and rescued 149 destitute Senior Citizens. So far, through the Help line 79 Elders have been admitted to Old Age Homes, 6 elders were reunited with their families and counseling was provided to 14 elders and their families. Manned by a trained social worker and counselor, the elders help line provides services like shelter assistance, information and referral, helped by the police, repatriation, and tracing missing elders. The Help line hopes to provide free legal aid to the destitute elderly in the future along with the other services. The commissioner of police assured to help in the smooth running of the help line by sparing an ambulance for the purpose.

With the active involvement of the police, other NGO’s and volunteers, the elderly Help line is emerging as a strong and effective social support system

45

http://www.helpageindia.org/cancer.php

http://www.helpageindia.org/advocacy.php


for senior citizens in Chennai, thereby ensuring a life of dignity and security for the elderly.

RESOURCE PLANNING:

Funding:It is due to the unstinting support of our many donors – corporates, individuals and other organizations – that Help age has been able to help so many older people. More and more concerned citizens are coming forward to strengthen our hands and contribute for the cause.Partners in Development1 The Government of India2 Help Age International, UK3 Help the Aged, UK4 MMTC5 Canara Bank6 GAIL.

Manpower Planning:There are no such criteria of enrolling people for helping the elderly in the organization. It is purely a voluntary gesture. But, people only above the age of 18 years are allowed to help and they need to be physically fit.

CONCLUSIONS:Help Age India has established itself nationally and internationally. It enjoys the accreditation with the United Nations and is closely associated with Help the Aged, UK, and are founder-members of Help Age International which has a network in 50 countries. Its association with both these organizations has helped the cause of the elderly to cross national boundaries. Since its annual income is growing, reaching Rs 20 crore this year, they are able to undertake new projects and expand as well as strengthen the old ones. They are currently helping evolve a plan of action for implementing the national policy on older persons announced by the government in January 1999.The voluntary sector has a crucial role to play in raising awareness about ageing issues and initiating programmes for the welfare of the aged, particularly since the government has limited resources and requires support in reaching out to the needy section of society to enhance the facilities in existing and new age-care institutions.

46


SWOT ANALYSIS OF SMILE AND HELP AGE INDIA

STRENGHTS

Greater visibilitySMILE and Help Age enjoy greater visibility on account of brand ambassadors which include top bollywood stars like Vivek Oberoi who have come forward to support the organization.

CoordinationThe decentralized setup of the organization assigns responsibilities to different function areas thereby promoting greater coordination among various function groups.

Public trustAn essential accountability by the organizations forms an integral part of their working to ensure that their own practices uphold the fundamental dignity and human rights of their members and others. This has helped the organization gain public trust and investments.

Strong value systemThe members of the organizations are bound by values such as mutual respect, trust and empathy. This can be clearly seen from the commitment and discipline with which projects like udaan, utkarsh etc have been carried out.

GrowthSMILE and Help Age have over the years grown in an accelerated manner consistent with values and beliefs by continuous organizational renewal and

47


owing to the success of the various projects it has undertaken for human welfare.

Connecting peopleMost of the organizational programmes and projects encourage learning by demonstration and feed back. This makes learning a treat specially for the children. The sessions are highly interactive besides people involved in different projects work together in groups which they believe is one of the most effective methods of learning. This also helps people come closer and develop empathy for each other.

Disaster managementThese organizations don’t restrict their functioning to only their focus areas. During emergencies and natural calamities like the recent tsunami ,Bhuj earthquake and the recent 26th July deluge in Mumbai , organizations like SMILE and Help Age also rose to the occasion and offered their continued support to those affected and hit by the calamity.

WEAKNESSES

Dependence on fundsNon profit organization work for a social cause. It is natural that the organizations thrust on funds and donations. However lack of consistency in funds at times halts the progress of projects or planned endeavours.

Over dependence on a few staff members\workersOrganizations like SMILE and Help Age are growing widely .there are lots of people involved in the operations however few people who are actively involved in the entire functioning starting from planning to execution so there is greater dependence on a few staff members and their ineffectiveness in turn would affect the effectiveness and the efficiency of the organization.

RelocationAlthough these organizations have increased their scale of operations there however is a need to relocate to larger premises i.e they need to strengthen their infrastructure.

OPPURTUINITIES \ FUTURE PLANS

The organization’s future endeavours include:

Focus on infrastructureImproving and strengthening infrastructure which will work towards giving better treatment to the underprivileged.After the success of the Montessary School in walkeshwar, SMILE now plans to come up with homes for the aged and the orphans.

Services

48


The organizations are looking towards improving the effectiveness of the service delivery channels.

Financial supportThey expect their budget to increase manifold in the near future. Besides financial support is being given to organizations like Help Age for funding some of their projects by the Government of India. Now that the foundations are laid, they look forward to an accelerated growth to meet the demands of the underprivileged.

THREATS

Risk of imbalanceIt could well be a case of the left hand not knowing what the right hand is doing. With too many focus areas that SMILE looks into attention may get divided and some important issues may be overlooked due to lack of initiative or attention.

Cancer of corruptionToday corruption is like a cancer that is eating into the vitals of the nation Corruption has become so pervasive and all-encompassing that even the resources mobilization, though on course, for perhaps the greatest natural disaster in a hundred years, the tsunami day-after, is not immune from questions of corruption, leakage and pilferage that are being asked aloud by the relief organizers, the donors and the service providers.

49


CONCLUSIONS

Non-profit organizations exist to provide services for public good.Different organizations have their respective focus areas and scale of operations ranging from local, national to international levels. One of the major areas of concern for these organizations is acquiring resources for successful implementation of their strategic plans that is these non-profit organizations often face the challenge of targeting donations for successful results.

Most of the profits making organizations focus on material targets but non-profit organizations don’t have any quantifiable targets in terms of money, market share, profits etc. but focus on serving the society selflessly.

In the recent years there has been unprecedented media attention on the operations of philanthropic organizations including foundations and charitable organizations. This attention has focused on variety of issues from efficiency practices to accountability procedures. This has led to increased concern by public officials and the general public about the accountability and transparency in the non-profit sector. And hence, one of the greatest challenges faced by the non-profit organizations is to prove that the sector is worthy of public trust.

50


BIBILIOGRAPHY

1. Management a global perpective – By Koontz (pg no-325)

2. Management – By Stoner (Pg no 263-267)3. www.naseoh.org 4. www.nrcissi.org 5. www.helpageindia.org 6. www.smile-org

51

http://www.smile.org/

http://www.helpageindia.org/

http://www.nrcissi.org/

http://www.naseoh.org/

Strategic Planning in Non Profit Organizations

Documents

Transcript of Strategic Planning in Non Profit Organizations