Strategi Pemenuhan Hak Dasar Masyarakat Atas Anggaran Melalui ...

NATIONAL SECRETARIAT

Indonesian Forum for Budget Transparency

www.seknasfitra.org and www.budget-info.com

Participatory Planning and Budgeting

in Indonesia

Yuna Farhan General Secretary

[email protected]

Bonn Symposium

The Local Actors and Post-2015 Agenda. Good Local Governance Prerequisite for Development

28 -29 November 2013




Background

• Decentralization in Indonesia has been implemented since

2001 which transferred most of the authority to sub national

level

• Regulatory framework has been revised in 2004 (Law

32/2004 & Law 33/2004)

• National development planning system was regulated by Law

No. 25 of 2004. It also regulates development planning at the

district and municipal government

• Government has provided a planning mechanism that was

carried out every year in sub national level that called

Musrenbang (development planning assembly) or Multi

Stakeholder Consultation Forum for Development Planning




Local Revenue

• In average 80%

source of revenue in

Kabupaten are Fiscal

Transfer

• Provinces have

bigger taxing power

than Kabupaten and

Cities




Local Expenditure

• More than 70% fiscal

transfer use for personnel

expenditure

• There are 302 local

government allocated more

than 50% for salary

• Kabupaten and Cities

should cover personnel

expenditure for direct public

services (teacher)

• Around 10% expenditure

that local government have

to address community

proposal




Kab. Bogor = Rp.349.800

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Pe

r c

ap

ita

Tra

ns

fers

Rp

Mil

lio

n

Per capita Transfers by Kabupaten/City, 2010

Kab. Tana Tidung =

Rp.44.476.005

Fiscal transfers take into account imbalance among regions,

but not imbalance of population…

…among kabupatens/cities, receipts of transfers differ greatly

(with the top recipient receiving 127 times more than the lowest

recipient)




5 Approach Participatory Planning

Budgeting

• Top-Down : based on national priority

• Bottom up : process start from lower level

• Technocratic: based on technical planning

from agency

• Politics : Local leader vision & mission

• Participative : community involvement




Participatory Budgeting Mechanism

Medium

Plan

Annual Plan

First Draft Annual Plan

Draft

Final Draft

Annual Plan

Agency

Budget Draft

Budget

Draft

Strategic Plan

Agency

Agency

Annual Plan

Draft of Annual

Plan Agency Planning Agency

Forum

Annual Plan

Prov

MUSRENBANG

Sub District Level

MUSRENBANG

Village level

Musrenbang at Local

Level Annual Plan

Budget

Policy

Province

Forum

National Forum

Jan

Feb.

Feb/Mar

Mar

Apr

Mei

Agt Feb.

Apr

Apr

National

Annual Plan Mei

Mei

Jun

Okt

Legislative

Input




Lesson Learned PPB in Indonesia

• The implementation of MUSRENBANG ‘bottom-up and participatory planning mechanism’ is just a formality

• Participants are not representative and inclusive; capture by local elites

• Before attending planning process, people didn’t get enough information about priority program and how much indicative resources by the municipality

• The people felt pessimistic; Because many proposals has never been accommodated by district/ municipal annual budget




Lesson Learned (II)

• PPB is not substantial consultation process, citizens do not have power to decide

• FITRA has conducted research Local Budget Index (LBI) to measure participation, transparency, accountability and gender equality in 62 sub-national level from 2009-2011 participation is the lowest score

• There is no links between policy making, planning and budgeting Political Process more dominant

• Limited budget discretion to response community proposal budget split by approach: politics, participation, technocratic




Best Practices PPB

• PB regulate by local government (Solo,

Bandung, Kebumen, Banda Aceh) are more

institutionalize than central government quota

allocation for community proposal and

community delegation, special space for women

participation

• Key success Factors : political will of local

leader, civic culture, capacity and local

procedure

• Donor Initiative : GIZ, LGSP-USAID,WB, etc




What are the Innovative Policies and Practices?

1) Institutionalizing procedure of Participatory Planning and budgeting; by adding local innovation in to the local regulatory framework

2) (Participatory) Sub district budget quota that allocated for each sub districts and each (urban) villages. The various amounts is based on vulnerability indicators




(1) Institutionalizing procedure of Participatory Planning and budgeting

Pre - Musrenbang

Communities; women/ neighbourhood

In sub village level

(Urban) Village

Musrenbang

•Annual Workplan

•Elect Delegations

• Facilitator • Sub district

chief • Technical Unit

Sub District Musrenbang

• Program Priorities

• Elect Delegations

• Facilitators • Planning

Agency • Parliaments

(electoral zone) • CSO’s

Forum within each

Agency.

• Synchronisation with line agency

• Synch. With participatory budget quota (sub districts)

• Delegations • Agencies • Planning

Agency • Parliaments • CSO’s

District/ City Musrenbang

• District/ City Annual Planning

• Participatory budget quota

• Sector budget quota

• Delegations • Departments • Planning

Agency • Parliaments

Mmb • CSO’s

Annual Budget (APBD)




(2) Sub District Budget Quota – Participatory Based

• Participatory budget quota (sub districts) determination based on indicators of maternal mortality number, illiteracy, education ratios, dropout rates, the ratio of the labor force, poor nutrition, Regional GDP and productivity livelihoods. Focused on health affairs, education affairs and economic affairs

• Participatory community proposals that are beyond the three sectors (such as construction of roads, bridges and irrigation canals) are accommodated in the sectoral budget quota

• 90 percent of people’s proposal was accommodated in the district / city annual budget (APBD)




The average index is 42.2, the highest near to 70

42,4

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

60,00

70,00

80,00

Kab

. Sim

eulu

eK

ab. S

ingk

ilK

ab. B

en

er

Me

riah

Kab

. Tu

lun

gagu

ng

Kab

. Se

kad

auK

ab. J

em

be

rK

ab. L

uw

uW

ajo

Kab

. Bar

ruK

ab. M

ela

wi

Kab

. Ace

h T

en

ggar

aD

om

pu

Bo

nd

ow

oso

Ace

h U

tara

Kab

. Pro

bo

lingg

oK

ab. L

uw

u U

tara

Ko

ta P

ekan

Bar

uK

ab. B

ulu

kum

ba

Ko

ta G

oro

nta

loK

ab. B

on

do

wo

soC

ilaca

pLo

mb

ok

Ten

gah

Ace

h B

arat

Kab

. Be

ngk

ayan

gK

ota

Pal

angk

aray

aK

ota

Ban

jar

Ko

ta P

rob

olin

ggo

Sum

edan

gK

ota

Par

e-P

are

Lom

bo

k B

arat

Ko

ta M

akas

sar

Go

ron

talo

Uta

raK

ota

Sin

gkaw

ang

Gar

ut

Sid

rap

Bo

yola

liK

ota

Ban

dar

Lam

pu

ng

Ko

ta S

em

aran

gK

ota

Pal

emb

ang

Ko

ta S

ura

bay

aK

ota

Pal

uP

eka

lon

gan

Kab

. Sam

bas

Ko

ta B

litar

Ko

ta P

on

tian

akK

ota

Su

raka

rta

Bo

jon

ego

roSu

mb

awa

Bar

atA

ceh

Bes

arK

ota

Pek

alo

nga

nP

olm

anK

en

dal

Lom

bo

k Ti

mu

rSe

mar

ang

Sle

man

Ko

ta B

and

a A

ceh

Ko

ta P

adan

gB

on

eM

alan

gSe

rgai

Ko

ta P

adan

g P

anja

ng

Aggregated Index – Local Budget Index




Participation is being the lowest; Its index only 25.14 of averages

25,14

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

60,00

70,00

Kab

. Sin

gkil

Kab

. Sim

eulu

eK

ab. J

em

be

rK

ab. L

uw

uSi

tub

on

do

Ko

ta P

alan

gkar

aya

Kab

. Tu

lun

gagu

ng

Kab

. Bar

ruD

om

pu

Kab

. Lu

wu

Uta

raK

ab. M

ela

wi

Ko

ta G

oro

nta

loW

ajo

Kab

. Sam

bas

Ace

h B

arat

Ace

h U

tara

Ko

ta B

and

ar L

amp

un

gLo

mb

ok

Bar

atG

oro

nta

lo U

tara

Lom

bo

k Te

nga

hK

ota

Pek

an B

aru

Ko

ta P

are-

Par

eK

ota

Pal

uK

ab. P

rob

olin

ggo

Sum

baw

a B

arat

Gar

ut

Sid

rap

Kab

. Se

kad

auSe

mar

ang

Kab

. Bu

luku

mb

aK

en

dal

Ko

ta S

ura

bay

aB

on

eK

ota

Mak

assa

rK

ota

Pro

bo

lingg

oSl

em

anP

olm

anK

ab. B

en

er

Me

riah

Kab

. Ace

h T

en

ggar

aK

ota

Se

mar

ang

Cila

cap

Pe

kalo

nga

nA

ceh

Bes

arK

ota

Po

nti

anak

Ko

ta P

ekal

on

gan

Sum

edan

gK

ab. B

en

gkay

ang

Serg

aiM

alan

gK

ota

Blit

arK

ota

Ban

jar

Bo

yola

liB

ojo

neg

oro

Lom

bo

k Ti

mu

rK

ab. B

on

do

wo

soK

ota

Pal

emb

ang

Ko

ta S

ura

kart

aK

ota

Sin

gkaw

ang

Ko

ta P

adan

g P

anja

ng

Ko

ta B

and

a A

ceh

Ko

ta P

adan

g

Index - Participation

Strategi Pemenuhan Hak Dasar Masyarakat Atas Anggaran Melalui ...

Documents

Transcript of Strategi Pemenuhan Hak Dasar Masyarakat Atas Anggaran Melalui ...