STORM-TIDE ELEVATIONS PRODUCED BY HURRICANE …
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STORM-TIDE ELEVATIONS PRODUCED BY HURRICANE ANDREW ALONG THE LOUISIANA COAST, AUGUST 25-27, 1992 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 94-371 Prepared in cooperation with the FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY
Transcript of STORM-TIDE ELEVATIONS PRODUCED BY HURRICANE …
STORM-TIDE ELEVATIONS PRODUCED BY HURRICANE ANDREW ALONG THE LOUISIANA COAST, AUGUST 25-27, 1992
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 94-371
Prepared in cooperation with theFEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY
STORM-TIDE ELEVATIONS PRODUCED BY HURRICANE ANDREW ALONG THE LOUISIANA COAST, AUGUST 25-27, 1992
By John K. Lovelace
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Open-File Report 94-371
Prepared in cooperation with the:FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
1994
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
GORDON P. EATON, Director
For additional information write to:
District ChiefU.S. Geological Survey3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd.Suite 120Baton Rouge, LA 70816
Copies of this report can be purchased from:
U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center Open-File Reports Section Box 25286, MS 517 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225
CONTENTS
Abstract.............................................................................................................................................................. 1Introduction........................................................................................................................................................ 2
Purpose and Scope.................................................................................................................................. 2Description of Study Area...................................................................................................................... 2Presentation of Data................................................................................................................................ 4Acknowledgments................................................................................................................................... 4
Methods.............................................................................................................................................................. 4Vertical Datum................................................................................................................................................... 7Storm-Tide Elevations........................................................................................................................................ 7Summary............................................................................................................................................................. 33Selected References............................................................................................................................................ 33
PLATES
[Plates are in pocket]
1-12. Maps showing high-water marks, continuous gaging stations, and water-surface elevations of storm-tide inundation caused by Hurricane Andrew, August 25-27, 1992:
1. Lake Charles, Louisiana, Texas quadrangle2. Crowley, Louisiana quadrangle3. Ponchatoula, Louisiana quadrangle4. Gulfport, Mississippi, Louisiana quadrangle5. Port Arthur, Texas, Louisiana quadrangle6. White Lake, Louisiana quadrangle7. Morgan City, Louisiana quadrangle8. New Orleans, Louisiana quadrangle9. Black Bay, Louisiana quadrangle
10. Atchafalaya Bay, Louisiana quadrangle11. Terrebonne Bay, Louisiana quadrangle12. Mississippi River Delta, Louisiana quadrangle
FIGURES
1-3. Maps showing:1. The path of Hurricane Andrew, extent of tropical storm- and hurricane-force winds,
and storm-tide elevations at selected sites in Louisiana............................................................. 32. Locations and boundaries of quadrangles for which storm-tide elevations are shown .............. 53. Location of selected gaging stauons from which time-series data are presented....................... 6
4-10. Graphs showing:4. Estimated elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 1, north California
Bay near Pointe-a-la-Hache, Louisiana...................................................................................... 95. Estimated elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 2, northeast Bay
Gardene near Pointe-a-la-Hache, Louisiana............................................................................... 106. Elevation and stream velocity at gaging station 3, Wax Lake Outlet at
Calumet, Louisiana..................................................................................................................... 117. Elevation and stream velocity at gaging station 4, Bayou Grand Caillou at
Dulac, Louisiana......................................................................................................................... 128. Estimated elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 5, Black Bay near
Snake Island and Pointe-a-la-Hache, Louisiana......................................................................... 139. Estimated elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 6, California Bay
near Sunrise Point, northeast of Nairn, Louisiana...................................................................... 1410. Gage height and specific conductance at gaging station 7, unnamed lake tributary to
Lake Boudreaux, southwest of Chauvin, Louisiana................................................................... 15
111
11-27. Graphs showing:11. Elevation and stream velocity at gaging station 8, Mermentau River at
Mermentau, Louisiana................................................................................................................ 1612. Elevation and stream velocity at gaging station 9, Vermilion River at Perry, Louisiana........... 1713. Elevation and stream velocity at gaging station 10, Bayou Teche near Franklin,
Louisiana..................................................................................................................................... 1814. Elevation at gaging station 11, Lower Atchafalaya River below Sweet Bay Lake,
near Morgan City, Louisiana...................................................................................................... 1915. Elevation at gaging station 12, Lower Atchafalaya River at Morgan City, Louisiana............... 2016. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 13, Houma Navigation Canal
at Dulac, Louisiana..................................................................................................................... 2117. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 14, Lareussite Canal near
Naomi, Louisiana........................................................................................................................ 2218. Elevation and stream velocity at gaging station 15, Bayou Lacassine near Lake
Arthur, Louisiana........................................................................................................................ 2319. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 16, Grand Bayou Tributary,
west of Galliano, Louisiana........................................................................................................ 2420. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 17, The Rigolets near
Slidell, Louisiana........................................................................................................................ 2521. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 18, Barataria Pass, east of
Grand Isle, Louisiana.................................................................................................................. 2622. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 19, Barataria Bay, north of
Grand Isle, Louisiana. ................................................................................................................ 2723. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 20, Tennessee Canal near Cut
Off, Louisiana. ........................................................................................................................... 2824. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 21, Little Lake near Cut
Off, Louisiana............................................................................................................................. 2925. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 22, Vermilion Bay near
Cypremort Point, Louisiana........................................................................................................ 3026. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 23, north Calcasieu Lake
near Hackberry, Louisiana.......................................................................................................... 3127. Elevation and specific conductance at gaging station 24, East Fork Tributary
near Cameron, Louisiana............................................................................................................ 32
TABLES
1. Location, description, and elevation of high-water marks along the Louisiana coast.................................... 352. Location, description, and elevation for peak storm-tide measurements at selected
continuous gaging stations along the Louisiana coast.................................................................................... 39
CONVERSION FACTORS AND VERTICAL DATUM
Multiply By __ __ To obtain ___ __
foot (ft) 0.3048 meter foot per second (ft/s) 0.3048 meter per second
mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer __ ____ ___ mile per hour (mi/h)______1.609________kilometer per hour______ __
Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) can be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows: °F = 1.8(°C) + 32._________
Sea level: In this report, "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929) a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929.
IV
Storm-Tide Elevations Produced by HurricaneAndrew along the Louisiana Coast,
August 25-27, 1992
By John K. Lovelace
Abstract
Hurricane Andrew made landfall at Point Chevreuil, Louisiana, on August 26, 1992, at ap proximately 3:30 a.m. The hurricane produced a storm tide that affected much of the Louisiana coastline, including many coastal waterways and lakes hydraulically connected to the coast.
Data were collected on high-water marks, resulting from the storm tide, at 69 sites in coastal areas of southeastern and south-central Louisiana, in addition to the data recorded at 76 gaging sta tions located near or on the coast. High-water-mark data and gaging-station data are presented on a series of 12 quadrangle maps and in tabular form. Line graphs of time-series data from 24 gaging stations also are presented.
The counter-clock-wise motion of the hurricane winds pushed water landward in areas east of landfall, producing a positive storm tide along the Louisiana coast from the Mississippi State line to landfall. West of landfall, the winds pushed the water seaward, producing a negative storm tide in areas along the Louisiana coast to the Texas State line. The storm tide peaked at 9.3 feet above sea level near Cocodrie, La., and at 8.2 feet above sea level near landfall. Other approximate storm-tide elevations (in feet above sea level) along the Louisiana coast were as follows: Lake Pontchartrain, 4; Breton Sound, 5; Barataria Bay, 4; Grand Isle, 4; Terrebonne Bay, 9; Atchafalaya Bay, 8; East Cote Blanche Bay, 8; Vermilion Bay, -3; and Calcasieu Pass, -1.
INTRODUCTION
Hurricane Andrew made landfall at Point Chevreuil, La., on August 26, 1992, at approxi mately 3:30 in the morning (Rappaport, 1992). The hurricane struck the sparsely populated coastal area with 115 mi/h sustained winds and hurricane-force winds (greater than or equal to 73 mi/h) extending 70 mi outward from the eye (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1992). The path of Andrew through Louisiana and the areal extent of hurricane- and tropical storm-force winds are shown in figure 1. (Tropical storm-force winds have wind speeds greater than or equal to 39 mi/h but less than 73 mi/h.) The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), collected elevation data in Louisiana on the storm tide produced by Hurricane Andrew.
Purpose and Scope
This report presents data collected on high-water marks at 69 sites and stage data recorded at 24 gaging stations located on or near the Louisiana coast. Eight of these gages are maintained by the USGS and 16 of the gages are maintained jointly by the USGS and the Louisiana Depart ment of Natural Resources (DNR). In addition, this report presents peak-stage data compiled and provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) for 52 gaging stations located on or near the coast. Data presented in this study were collected in coastal parishes in Louisiana and the parishes surrounding Lake Pontchartrain. The data presented may be useful for flood-insurance purposes, storm-tide modeling, and planning future development in areas impacted by Hurricane Andrew's storm tide. All data presented in this report are on file at the USGS office in Baton Rouge, Loui siana.
Description of Study Area
Along the coast of south-central Louisiana where Hurricane Andrew made landfall, the shal low seafloor slopes gently up to meet the low marshlands that characterize coastal areas of southern Louisiana. These marshes extend inland for distances ranging from 10 to 30 mi. Barrier islands exist along much of the coasts of Terrebonne and Lafourche Parishes (fig. 1). In the past, it was thought that these islands may provide some protection from the wave action of storms. Today, however, these islands are generally low, thin, and broken from previous storms and do little to buffer the effects of hurricanes. It was also thought that the marshes may reduce the inland move ment of a storm tide. However, the numerous canals and bayous throughout the coastal marshes provide unrestricted access for the movement of high water.
Most of the population residing close to the coast in south-central Louisiana live along a few naturally occurring levees or have built private levees to protect their property. Many homes and the numerous fishing camps are built several feet off of the ground on pilings for protection against flooding. In areas farther from the coast, hurricane-protection levees have been constructed to pro tect larger populations.
ARKANSAS EXPLANATION
EXTENT OF TROPICAL STORM-FORCE WINDS
EXTENT OF HURRICANE- FORCE WINDS
STORM TRACK
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STORM-TIDE ELEVATION, IN FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL
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Figure 1. The path of Hurricane Andrew, extent of tropical storm- and hurricane-force winds, and storm-tide elevations at selected sites in Louisiana.
Presentation of Data
Data for the high-water marks are presented in tables and plotted on twelve 30 X 60-minute quadrangle maps as a series of plates. Tabular data include plate number, quadrangle name, mark number, nearest town, latitude, longitude, quality and reliability of mark (good, plus or minus 0.10 ft; fair, plus or minus 0.25 ft; poor, greater than 0.25 ft), type of mark, location of mark (inside or outside), water-surface elevation, and ground-surf ace elevation. The plates show the locations and elevations of the high-water marks. Locations and boundaries of the 30 X 60-minute quadrangle maps are shown in figure 2.
Storm-tide data from 76 continuous gaging stations also are presented in tabular form and plotted on the quadrangle maps. Tabular data include the plate number, quadrangle name, gaging- station number, owner, owner number, station name, latitude, longitude, and the date, time, and el evation of the peak storm-tide measurement. The quadrangle maps show the gage locations and date, time, and elevations of peak storm-tide measurements. In addition, time-series data of stage and either specific conductivity or stream velocity from 24 of the 76 continuous gaging stations are shown as line graphs. The locations of these gaging stations are shown in figure 3.
Acknowledgments
This report was made possible with the assistance and cooperation of many home and prop erty owners who allowed high-water-elevation surveys to be made. Special thanks are extended to Dennis Lee, FEMA; John Miller, COE; and Bob Zurflugh, National Geodetic Survey.
METHODS
Immediately after Hurricane Andrew passed, USGS crews located and documented high- water marks in the coastal areas of Louisiana. Each high-water mark was flagged or marked, de scribed in detail, and photographed. The description of each mark included its geographical and physical location, type of mark (seedline, washline, driftline, stainline, or debris), and an assess ment of the quality of the mark. The quality of each mark was determined as follows (Shuck-Kol- ben, 1990, p. 4):
Quality of mark
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Description
A level, well-defined line of densely accumulated fine debris or a distinct stain
A level, but less distinct band of fine to coarse debris or stain
A poorly defined band of sparsely accumulated coarse debris that may undulate due to
Reliability
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>0.25 ftsurface-wave action. Other examples include a discontinuous scatter of coarse debris on a structure, a coarse groundline of heavy-vegetative drift, or debris hung in the branches of a tree.
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Figure 2. Locations and boundaries of quadrangles for which storm-tide elevations are shown.
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Figure 3. Location of selected gaging stations from which time-series data are presented.
During the next phase of the study, surveying crews obtained elevations for each of the high- water marks flagged. All of the elevations documented in this report were obtained using conven tional level equipment and vertical control stations (bench marks).
Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment also was used to determine elevations for many high-water marks located in marsh areas, on barrier islands, and in other remote areas without bench marks. However, the elevations obtained using GPS were not included in the data set be cause they were not as reliable as most of the elevations that were obtained by conventional meth ods.
VERTICAL DATUM
The National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929) was used as the datum for this study. NGVD of 1929 is a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada. Although the datum was derived from the average sea level over a period of many years at 26 tide stations along the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Pacific Coasts, NGVD of 1929 does not necessarily represent local mean sea level at any particular place (Arcement and others, 1991, p. 35). NGVD of 1929 is referred to as "sea level" in the re mainder of this report.
Bench-mark elevations used for this study were obtained from the National Geodetic Survey and the Terrebonne Parish Department of Public Works. Because coastal regions of southern Lou isiana are subsiding (Andel and Curray, 1960), bench-mark elevations need to be adjusted regular ly. An enormous effort is required for updating bench-mark elevations and was beyond the scope of this study. Consequently, the accuracy of high-water-mark elevations is limited by the accuracy of the bench-mark elevations used as vertical control points.
STORM-TIDE ELEVATIONS
Hurricane Andrew made landfall in Louisiana at Point Chevreuil near high tide. The storm tide affected much of the Louisiana coastline, including many coastal waterways and lakes hydrau- lically connected to the coast. The counter-clock-wise motion of the hurricane winds produced a positive storm tide along the Louisiana coast east of landfall, and a negative storm tide west of landfall. Approximate storm-tide elevations (in feet above sea level) along the Louisiana coast were as follows: Lake Pontchartrain, 4; Breton Sound, 5; Barataria Bay, 4; Grand Isle, 4; Terre- bonne Bay, 9; Atchafalaya Bay, 8; East Cote Blanche Bay, 8; Vermilion Bay, -3; and Calcasieu Pass,-1 (fig. 1).
East of the eye of the hurricane, the counter-clock-wise motion of the winds pushed water landward, causing an abnormally high tide along the coast. From the Mississippi State line to Grand Isle, La., the elevation of the storm tide along the Louisiana coast generally ranged from 3 to 5 ft above sea level. From Grand Isle to Point Chevreuil, La., the elevation of the storm tide along the coast generally ranged from 4 to 9 ft above sea level. The storm tide peaked at 8.2 ft above sea level near landfall and at 9.3 ft above sea level near Cocodrie, La., which is located about 60 mi east-southeast of the point of landfall (fig. 1).
West of the eye of the hurricane, the winds pushed water southward, away from the coast, producing a negative storm tide that left no marks, but was recorded by gages along the coast. From landfall to the Texas State line, the negative storm tide generally ranged from 0.5 to 3 ft be-
low sea level. The lowest measurement, 3.3 ft below sea level, was recorded at a gage located at Cypremort Point, La., about 10 mi east of landfall (fig. 1).
Most of the flood damage caused by the storm tide in Louisiana occurred in southern Terre- bonne Parish where the storm tide was highest and the levees are low and discontinuous. Much of this area is comprised of marsh and other wetlands that are mostly unoccupied. The few roads in this area were built on top of naturally occurring levees that trend north-south and most of the pop ulation in southern Terrebonne Parish lives along these roads. Most of the high-water marks col lected for this report were obtained from houses and other structures located along these ridges. A few high-water marks were documented at fishing camps and other structures in remote locations in the wetlands and along the barrier islands of southern Terrebonne Parish. However, attempts to survey these sites using GPS did not result in the desired level of accuracy, and, consequently, these sites were omitted from this report.
The high-water-mark elevations are shown on 30 X 60-minute quadrangle maps (pis. 1-12). The location, storm-tide elevation, and ground-surf ace elevation at each high-water mark are shown on plates 1 to 12. Symbols on the plates indicate whether the mark was located inside or outside a structure. Information about each mark, including plate number, water-surface elevation, ground-surface elevation, mark number, mark quality and reliability, type of mark, location of mark (inside or outside), latitude, longitude, quadrangle name, and nearest town are listed in table 1.
High-water marks found inside of structures were generally of much better quality than those found outside because of reduced wind and wave action. If the structure is fairly well closed off from the water, the structure acts as a stilling well, and the "inside" mark represents the still water level, unaffected by the waves. Forty-one (59 percent) of the 69 high-water marks documented in this report were found inside of structures. Of the 69 high-water marks, 54 (78 percent) were con sidered to be of good quality, 8 (12 percent) were considered fair, and 7 (10 percent) were poor (table 1).
Seventy-six continuous gaging stations documented the storm-tide configuration along the coast. Station locations, and date and time of positive and negative peak-storm-tide occurrence are shown on plates 1 to 12. Information about each gaging station, including plate number, quadran gle name, gaging station number, owner, owner identification number, station name, latitude, lon gitude, and the date, time, and elevation of the peak storm-tide measurement are listed in table 2.
The water-surface elevation and either specific conductance or stream velocity, if available, for each of the 24 gaging stations during the period of August 22-31, 1992, are shown in hydro- graphs (figs. 4-27). Some peaks in the hydrographs primarily are due to rainfall runoff, not the storm tide, and the data are not included as maximum positive storm-tide elevations in table 2 and on plates 1 to 12. In general, gages located east of landfall show a positive storm tide, and gages west of landfall show a negative storm tide. However, a few stations located near landfall, most notably stations 3, 11, and 12 (figs. 6, 14, and 15), recorded both a positive and negative storm tide as the storm moved past them from east to west.
Elevations at gages 1, 2, 5, and 6, for which hydrographs are shown in figures 4, 5, 8, and 9, were estimated because these gages have not been referenced to sea level. The elevations were estimated by matching pre-storm water levels at each gage to pre-storm water levels at gage 59 which is nearby. This estimation is valid with the assumption that the water surface in Breton Sound forms a smooth, continuous surface between the gages. Gage heights at station 7 (fig. 10) were not corrected to sea level and only gage height measurements are shown.
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Y
10.2
0 Q
10.1
5 w
cr
10.1
0
10.0
5
10.0
0
9.95
9.90
9.85
9.80
9.75
9.70
2223
2425
26
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
199
2
2829
30
Figu
re 1
1.
Ele
vatio
n an
d st
ream
vel
ocity
at g
agin
g st
atio
n 8,
Mer
men
tau
Riv
er a
t Mer
men
tau,
Lou
isia
na.
-1.0
25
26
DA
YS,
IN A
UG
US
T 19
92
2930
Figu
re 1
2.
Ele
vatio
n an
d st
ream
vel
ocity
at g
agin
g st
atio
n 9,
Ver
mili
on R
iver
at P
erry
, Lo
uisi
ana.
25
26
27
DA
YS
. IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
30
Figu
re 1
3.
Ele
vatio
n an
d st
ream
vel
ocity
at g
agin
g st
atio
n 10
, Ba
you
Tech
e ne
ar F
rank
lin,
Loui
sian
a.
-1.5
2223
2425
26
DA
YS
. IN
AU
GU
ST
199
2
2728
2930
Figu
re 1
4.
Ele
vatio
n at
gag
ing
stat
ion
11,
Low
er A
tcha
fala
ya R
iver
bel
ow S
wee
t B
ay L
ake,
nea
r M
orga
n C
ity,
Loui
sian
a.
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
6
4.5
4.0
<
3.5
3.0
2.0
1.0
No
data
2223
2425
26
27
DA
YS
. IN
AU
GU
ST
199
2
2829
30
Figu
re 1
5.
Ele
vatio
n at
gag
ing
stat
ion
12,
Low
er A
tcha
fala
ya R
iver
at M
orga
n C
ity, L
ouis
iana
.
2324
25
26
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
199
2
2829
30
30,0
00
- 28
,000
Figu
re 1
6.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
13,
Hou
ma
Nav
igat
ion
Can
al a
t D
ulac
, Lo
uisi
ana.
5,60
0
to
to
2324
25
26
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
2728
2930
Figu
re 1
7.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
14,
Lare
ussi
te C
anal
nea
r N
aom
i, Lo
uisi
ana.
to
10.3
0
- 10
.25
9.75
9.70
2728
2930
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
Figu
re 1
8.
Ele
vatio
n an
d st
ream
vel
ocity
at g
agin
g st
atio
n 15
, B
ayou
Lac
assi
ne n
ear
Lake
Arth
ur,
Loui
sian
a.
3.82
3.80
3.78
3.76
LU LU
V
) j£
3.74
O
m < LU
O
l U
L -.
3.72
Q i LU
LU3.
70
3.68
3.66
3.64
ELE
VA
TIO
N
SP
EC
IFIC
CO
ND
UC
TAN
CE
mrv
No
elev
atio
n da
ta
21,0
00
20,0
00
19,0
0010 (75
18,0
00
J
O
to LU
17.0
00
£
O LU O
16,0
00
cQ $ a:
15,0
00
H LU
H
14,0
00
2
QC
ff13
,000
en
12,0
00
11,0
00
10,00
0
9,00
0
2223
2425
26
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
2829
30
8,00
0 5 a (^
7,00
0
6.00
0
5,00
0
Figu
re 1
9.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
16,
Gra
nd B
ayou
Trib
utar
y, w
est o
f Gal
liano
, Lo
uisi
ana.
34,0
00
25
26
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
2829
8,00
030
Figu
re 2
0.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
17, T
he R
igol
ets
near
Slid
ell,
Loui
sian
a.
35,0
00
-0.5
23,0
0026
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
Figu
re 2
1.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
18, B
arat
aria
Pas
s, e
ast o
f Gra
nd I
sle,
Lou
isia
na.
36.0
00
2930
14,0
00
DA
YS
. IN
AU
GU
ST
199
2
Figu
re 2
2.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
19, B
arat
aria
Bay
, no
rth o
f Gra
nd Is
le, L
ouis
iana
.
to oo
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
<
4.0
uu CO
LU 5 3 t 3-5
ID LL. z
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
ELE
VA
TIO
N
SP
EC
IFIC
CO
ND
UC
TAN
CE
2223
2425
26
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
2728
29
7.00
0
6,50
0
6.00
0
5,50
0
<
cr S UJ5.
000
i
4,50
0
4,00
0 O
3,50
0
3,00
0
2,50
0
302,
000
Figu
re 2
3.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
20, T
enne
ssee
Can
al n
ear
Cut
Off,
Lou
isia
na.
26,0
00
1.0
2225
26
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
30
Figu
re 2
4.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
21,
Littl
e La
ke n
ear C
ut O
ff, L
ouis
iana
.
16.0
00
-3.5
26
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
2829
303.
000
Figu
re 2
5.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
22, V
erm
ilion
Bay
nea
r C
ypre
mor
t Poi
nt, L
ouis
iana
.
28,5
00
0.8
30
DA
US
. IN
AU
GU
ST
1992
Figu
re 2
6.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
23,
north
Cal
casi
eu L
ake
near
Hac
kber
ry,
Loui
sian
a.
34,0
00
U>
Si
2324
25
26
27
DA
YS
, IN
AU
GU
ST
199
2
2829
3012
.000
Figu
re 2
7.
Ele
vatio
n an
d sp
ecifi
c co
nduc
tanc
e at
gag
ing
stat
ion
24,
East
For
k Tr
ibut
ary
near
Cam
eron
, Lo
uisi
ana.
SUMMARY
On August 26, 1992, at approximately 3:30 a.m., Hurricane Andrew made landfall at Point Chevreuil, La. The hurricane produced a storm tide that affected much of the Louisiana coast, in cluding many coastal waterways and lakes hydraulically connected to the coast High-water marks resulting from the storm tide on August 25-27, 1992, were located, documented, and surveyed in coastal areas of southeastern and south-central Louisiana. Storm-tide data from 69 high-water marks and 76 gaging stations are presented in tabular form and plotted on twelve 30 X 60-minute quadrangle maps as a series of plates. Time-series data from the 24 of the 76 gaging stations are presented as hydrographs.
The counter-clock-wise motion of the hurricane winds pushed water landward in areas east of landfall. From the Mississippi State line to Grand Isle, La., the elevation of the storm tide along the Louisiana coast, generally ranged from 3 to 5 feet above sea level. From Grand Isle to Point Chevreuil, La., the elevation of the storm tide along the coast generally ranged from 4 to 9 feet above sea level. Maximum storm-tide elevations recorded were 9.3 feet above sea level near Co- codrie, La., and 8.2 feet above sea level near landfall at Point Chevreuil, La. West of landfall, the winds pushed the water southward, producing a negative storm tide in areas along the coast to the Texas State line. From landfall to the Texas State line, the negative storm tide generally ranged from 0.5 to 3 feet below sea level. The lowest measurement, 3.3 feet below sea level, was recorded by a gage located at Cypremort Point, La., about 10 miles west of landfall. Other approximate storm-tide elevations (in feet above sea level) along the Louisiana coast were as follows: Lake Pontchartrain, 4; Breton Sound, 5; Barataria Bay, 4; Grand Isle, 4; Terrebonne Bay, 9; Atchafalaya Bay, 8; East Cote Blanche Bay, 8; Vermilion Bay, -3; and Calcasieu Pass, -1.
REFERENCES
Andel, T.H. van, and Curray, J.R., 1960, Regional aspects of modern sedimentation in northernGulf of Mexico and similar basins, and paleogeographic significance, in Shepard, P.P., andothers, eds., Recent sediments, northwest Gulf of Mexico, 1951-1958: Tulsa, Ok., AmericanAssociation of Petroleum Geologists, p. 359.
Arcement, G.J., Dantin, L.J., Garrison, C.R., and Lovelace, W.M., 1991, Water resources dataLouisiana, water year 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Data Report LA-90-1,419 p.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1992, Special climate summary, HurricaneAndrew: Columbia, S.C., National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, SoutheastRegional Climate Center, 7 p.
Rappaport, Edward, 1992, Preliminary report, Hurricane Andrew, 16-28 August 1992: CoralGables, Fla., National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service,National Hurricane Center, 28 p.
Shuck-Kolben, R.E., 1990, Storm-tide elevations produced by Hurricane Hugo along the SouthCarolina coast, September 21-22, 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-386,45 p.
33
Tabl
e 1.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
of h
igh-
wat
er m
arks
alo
ng t
he L
ouis
iana
coa
st
[P, p
oor,
G, g
ood;
F, f
air,
O, o
utsid
e; I,
insi
de]
Plat
e nu
mbe
r (f
igur
e 2)
7 7 7 7 8 8 9 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
Wat
er-
surf
ace
elev
atio
n (f
eet a
bove
se
a le
vel)
8.00
6.68
6.55
6.48
4.03
4.28
4.08
3.61
2.65
3.14
3.39
4.89
4.59
3.11
3.55
3.57
Land
- su
rfac
e el
evat
ion
(fee
t abo
ve
sea
leve
l)
4.24
4.24
5.45
5.59
6.02
1.67 .5
6
2.37
2.0
0
"2.0
0
1.79
2.0
0
2.0
0
1.02
"2.0
0
2.0
0
Hig
h-w
ater
mar
ks
Num
ber
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Qua
lity
P G G G F G G G G F G F G G G G
Type
seed
seed
seed
stain
seed
stain
drift
stain
stain
stain
debr
is
drift
stain
drift
drift
was
h
Insi
de o
r ou
tsid
e
O 0 I I O O O I I 0 I O I I I I
Lat
itude
2933
33
2933
34
2934
22
2935
59
2930
25
2941
06
2938
02
2920
57
2915
42
2920
04
2915
25
2920
35
2920
17
2920
27
2919
32
2917
15
Lon
gitu
de
9131
33
9131
30
9132
13
9131
19
9040
33
9006
13
8957
07
8932
18
8957
45
9014
31
9012
53
9014
49
9014
38
9014
45
9014
27
9013
52
Qua
dran
gle
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
New
(M
eans
New
Orle
ans
Bla
ck B
ay
Mis
siss
ippi
Riv
erD
elta
Mis
siss
ippi
Riv
erD
elta
Tene
bonn
e B
ay
Terr
ebon
ne B
ay
Tene
bonn
e B
ay
Terr
ebon
ne B
ay
Terr
ebon
ne B
ay
Terr
ebon
ne B
ay
Terr
ebon
ne B
ay
Nea
rest
tow
n
Bum
s
Bum
s
Bur
ns
Gor
dy
Ash
land
Lafit
te
Myr
tle G
rove
Bur
as
Gra
nd Is
le
Gol
den
Mea
dow
Leev
ille
Gol
den
Mea
dow
Gol
den
Mea
dow
Gol
den
Mea
dow
Gol
den
Mea
dow
Leev
ille
Tabl
e 1.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
of h
igh-
wat
er m
arks
alo
ng th
e Lo
uisi
ana
coas
t-Con
tinue
d
Plat
e nu
mbe
r (f
igur
e 2)
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
Wat
er-
surf
ace
elev
atio
n (f
eet a
bove
se
a le
vel)
7.50
7.71 8.03
7.01
7.23
6.46
5.78
6.05
6.02
7.37
5.63
4.37
3.32
6.88
4.56
4.23
4.58
4.46
6.80
5.44
Land
- su
rfac
e el
evat
ion
(fee
t abo
ve
sea
leve
l)
2.52
3.33
3.33
3.30
3.15
3.14
2.98
3.84
2.69
4.77
4.34
2.81
2.28
4.53
2.21
3.29
3.00
2.64
4.18
5.35
Hig
h-w
ater
mar
ks
Num
ber
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Qua
lity
G G G G G G G G G G F F G G G G G G G G
Type
stai
n
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
seed
seed
seed
seed
stai
n
stai
n
stai
n
stai
n
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
Insi
de o
r ou
tsid
e
I I O O I I I I I I I I O O I O I I I O
Latit
ude
2925
04
2925
27
2925
45
2926
14
2927
28
2927
45
2923
48
2924
57
2925
09
2926
13
2927
17
2929
19
2929
52
2923
13
2923
12
2924
11
2925
53
2926
55
2928
34
2929
24
Long
itude
9026
54
9027
04
9027
26
9027
36
9028
42
9029
16
9042
27
9041
59
9041
59
9042
07
9042
09
9041
46
9040
58
9037
07
9037
15
9036
34
9035
50
9035
36
9030
16
9031
10
Qua
dran
gle
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Terr
ebon
ne B
ay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Nea
rest
tow
n
Mon
tegu
t
Mon
tegu
t
Mon
tegu
t
Mon
tegu
t
Mon
tegu
t
Mon
tegu
t
Dul
ac
Bou
drea
ux
Bou
diea
ux
Bou
drea
ux
Bou
diea
ux
Ash
land
Ash
land
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Mon
tegu
t
Mon
tegu
t
Tabl
e 1.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
of h
igh-
wat
er m
arks
alo
ng th
e Lo
uisi
ana
coas
t-Con
tinue
d
Plat
e nu
mbe
r (f
igur
e 2)
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
Wat
er-
surf
ace
elev
atio
n (f
eet a
bove
se
a le
vel)
8.74
9.45
7.55
7.91
6.96
7.00
5.73
b4.3
8
b4.4
0
C8.4
8
°9.7
8
*9.6
6
C5.9
8
9.06
9.34
8.13
7.81
6.78
5.88
6.76
Lan
d-
surf
ace
elev
atio
n (f
eet a
bove
se
a le
vel)
1.28
2.89
3.72
4.41
"4.9
6
4.94
4.9
8
3.0
0
3.0
0
3.0
0
3.0
0
3.0
0
3.0
0
3.46
2.58
2.39
1.97
1.89
3.18
2.51
Hig
h-w
ater
mar
ks
Num
ber
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
Qua
lity
G G F G G G G P P P P P P G G G G F G G
Typ
e
seed
stai
n
drif
t
stai
n
debr
is
seed
seed
drif
t
drift
drift
drift
drift
drift
stai
n
debr
is
debr
is
debr
is
stai
n
debr
is
seed
Insi
de o
r ou
tsid
e
I I O I O I I I I O 0 0 O I I I I O I I
Latit
ude
2923
39
2923
51
2924
24
2925
34
2926
16
2927
31
2928
54
2922
59
2922
52
2922
49
2922
47
2922
47
2923
08
2915
13
2915
40
2915
56
2917
56
2919
12
2920
10
2922
26
Long
itude
9035
16
9037
07
9034
37
9034
01
9033
60
9033
45
9033
40
9037
02
9037
06
9037
05
9036
57
9036
54
9037
02
9039
38
9039
20
9038
42
9038
57
9038
44
9038
26
9042
54
Qua
dran
gle
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Nea
rest
tow
n
Lap
eyro
use
Lap
eyro
use
Lap
eyro
use
Poin
t Bar
re
Poin
t Bar
re
Mon
tegu
t
Mon
tegu
t
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Cha
uvin
Coc
odri
e
Coc
odri
e
Coc
odri
e
Coc
odri
e
Coc
odri
e
Coc
odri
e
Coc
odri
e
Tabl
e 1.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
of h
igh-
wat
er m
arks
alo
ng th
e Lo
uisi
ana
coas
t-Con
tinue
d
Plat
e nu
mbe
r (f
igur
e 2)
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
Wat
er-
surf
ace
elev
atio
n (f
eet a
bove
se
a le
vel)
6.90
3.79
4.98
4.57
3.65
4.92
4.92
3.60
3.42
4.84
5.00
3.19
2.97
Land
- su
rfac
e el
evat
ion
(fee
t abo
ve
sea
leve
l)
2.63
2.97
2.35
3.9
7
1.80
"2.0
0
2.0
0
2.41
2.11
2.58
1.60
1.19
1.34
Hig
h-w
ater
mar
ks
Num
ber
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69
Qua
lity
G G G G G G F G G G G G G
Typ
e
seed
seed
seed
seed
seed
stai
n
stai
n
stai
n
seed
seed
stai
n
drif
t
drif
t
Insi
de o
r ou
tsid
e
I O 0 0 O I O O O O I I I
Lat
itude
2922
02
2925
44
2924
41
2923
26
2921
56
2921
02
2920
44
2921
56
2921
54
2920
22
2921
41
2913
47
2911
52
Long
itude
9037
30
9045
41
9047
02
9048
04
9048
60
9049
50
9050
03
9048
60
9049
04
9050
17
9049
15
9012
45
9004
11
Qua
dran
gle
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
Nea
rest
tow
n
Cha
uvin
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
The
riot
Lee
ville
Gra
nd I
sle
" E
stim
ated
.b
The
hig
h-w
ater
mar
k w
as lo
cate
d on
the
inne
r, pr
otec
ted
side
of t
he h
urri
cane
pro
tect
ion
leve
e.c
The
hig
h-w
ater
mar
k w
as lo
cate
d on
the
oute
r, un
prot
ecte
d si
de o
f the
hur
rica
ne p
rote
ctio
n le
vee.
The
nig
h el
evat
ions
cou
ld b
e th
e re
sult
of th
e w
ind
and
wav
e ac
tion
push
ing
wat
er u
p th
e le
vee.
The
hig
h-w
ater
mar
k w
as lo
cate
d on
the
top
of th
e hu
rric
ane
prot
ectio
n le
vee.
e T
he h
igh-
wat
er m
ark
was
loca
ted
on th
e ou
ter,
unpr
otec
ted
side
of t
he h
urri
cane
pro
tect
ion
leve
e, b
ut in
a le
ewar
d ar
ea n
ear t
he fl
oodg
ate
and
is p
roba
bly
a m
ore
accu
rate
m
easu
re o
f the
sto
rm t
ide
in th
is a
rea.
Tabl
e 2.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
for p
eak
stor
m-ti
de m
easu
rem
ents
at s
elec
ted
cont
inuo
us g
agin
g st
atio
ns a
long
the
Loui
sian
a co
ast
[Qua
dran
gles
are
in L
ouis
iana
, exc
ept a
s no
ted.
USG
S-D
NR
, U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y an
d Lo
uisi
ana
Dep
artm
ent o
f Nat
ural
Res
ourc
es;
CO
E, U
.S. A
rmy
Cor
ps o
f Eng
inee
rs; -
-, no
eve
nt o
ccur
red;
ND
., no
dat
a] Max
imum
pos
itive
M
inim
um n
egat
ive
stor
m ti
de
stor
m ti
de
Plat
e nu
mbe
r(f
igur
e2) 9 9 7 11 9 12 11 2 6 7
Qua
dran
gle
Bla
ck B
ay
Bla
ck B
ay
Mor
gan
City
Terr
ebon
neB
ay
Bla
ck B
ay
Mis
siss
ippi
Riv
er D
elta
Terr
ebon
neB
ay
Cro
wle
y
Whi
te L
ake
Mor
gan
City
Gag
ing
stat
ion
num
ber
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ow
ner
uses
-DN
R
uses
-DN
R
USG
S
uses
USG
S-D
NR
USG
S-D
NR
USG
S-D
NR
*
USG
S
USG
S
USG
S
Ow
ner
iden
tifi
catio
nnu
mbe
r
0737
4528
0737
4527
0738
1590
0738
1324
0737
4526
0737
4529
0738
1347
0801
2150
0738
6980
0738
5800
Stat
ion
nam
e
Nor
th C
alifo
rnia
Bay
nea
rPo
int-a
-la-H
ache
Nor
thea
st B
ay G
arde
ne n
ear
Poin
t-a-la
-Hac
he
Wax
Lak
e O
utle
t at
Cal
umet
Bay
ou G
rand
Cai
llou
atD
ulac
Bla
ck B
ay n
ear S
nake
Isla
ndne
ar P
oint
-a-la
-Hac
he
Cal
iforn
ia B
ay n
ear
Sunr
ise
Poin
t, no
rthea
st o
fN
airn
Unn
amed
lake
trib
utar
y to
Lake
Bou
drea
ux, s
outh
wes
tof
Cha
uvin
Mer
men
tau
Riv
er a
t Mer
-m
enta
u
Ver
mili
on R
iver
at P
erry
Bay
ou T
cche
nea
rFr
ankl
in
Lat
itude
2931
00
2936
00
2941
52
2922
58
2938
00
2929
08
2925
37
3011
23
2957
04
2947
30
Long
itu
de
8935
00
8940
00
9122
22
9042
55
8934
00
8934
05
9037
18
9235
25
9209
22
9129
56
Day
,A
ugus
t19
92 25 25 26 26 25 25 26 ~ 26
Elev
atio
n El
evat
ion
(fee
t D
ay,
(fee
tTi
me
abov
e se
a A
ugus
t Ti
me
abov
e(h
ours
)
1800
1900
0825
0629
2000
1400
1000 - 1515
leve
l) 19
92
(hou
rs)
sea
leve
l)
5.27
"
4.99
"
7.36
26
02
40
-0.9
3
5.39
5.63
"
5.32
"
b.OO
26
0600
.2
1
26
0727
-.4
5
3.72
7 M
orga
n C
ity11
U
SGS
0738
1650
Low
er A
tcha
fala
ya R
iver
be
low
Sw
eet B
ay L
ake
near
M
orga
n C
ity
2933
06
9114
41
26
1000
6.
33
26
0230
-1.3
3
Tabl
e 2.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
for
peak
sto
rm-ti
de m
easu
rem
ents
at s
elec
ted
cont
inuo
us g
agin
g st
atio
ns a
long
the
Loui
sian
a co
ast-C
ontin
ued
Max
imum
pos
itive
M
inim
um n
egat
ive
stor
m ti
de
stor
m ti
de
Plat
e nu
mbe
r G
agin
g (f
igur
e st
atio
n 2)
Q
uadr
angl
e nu
mbe
r O
wne
r
7 11 8 2 11 4 12 12 11 8 7 1
Mor
gan
City
Tet
rebo
nne
Bay
New
Orl
eans
Cro
wle
y
Ten
ebon
ne
Bay
Gul
fpor
t.Mis
s.,
La.
Mis
siss
ippi
R
iver
Del
ta
Mis
siss
ippi
R
iver
Del
ta
Ten
ebon
ne
Bay
New
Orl
eans
Mor
gan
City
Lak
e C
harl
es,
La.
, Tex
.
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
USG
S
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
USG
S -D
NR
Ow
ner
iden
tifi
catio
n nu
mbe
r
0738
1600
0738
1328
0738
0237
6
0801
2470
0738
1314
0738
0233
65 07
3802
515
0738
0251
0738
0340
0738
0335
0738
7040
0801
7095
Stat
ion
nam
e
Low
er A
tcha
fala
ya R
iver
at
Mor
gan
City
Hou
ma
Nav
igat
ion
Can
al a
t D
ulac
Lar
euss
ite C
anal
nea
r Nao
mi
Bay
ou L
acas
sine
nea
r L
ake
Art
hur
Gra
nd B
ayou
trib
utar
y, w
est
of G
allia
no
The
Rig
olet
s ne
ar S
lidel
l
Bar
atar
ia P
ass,
eas
t of G
rand
Is
le
Bar
atar
ia B
ay, n
orth
of
Gra
nd I
sle
Ten
ness
ee C
anal
nea
r C
ut O
ff
Litt
le L
ake
near
C
ut O
ff
Ver
mili
on B
ay n
ear C
ypre
- m
ort P
oint
Nor
th C
alca
sieu
Lak
e ne
ar
Hac
kber
ry
Ele
vatio
n E
leva
tion
Day
, (f
eet
Day
, (f
eet
Lon
gi-
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
sea
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
Lat
itude
tu
de
1992
(h
ours
) le
vel)
19
92
(hou
rs)
sea
leve
l)
2942
09
9112
07
26
0800
2923
06
9043
47
26
1000
2941
30
9001
00
27
0100
3004
12
9252
43
2927
20
9025
20
26
1200
3010
10
8943
20
26
1520
2916
31
8956
30
25
1740
2925
11
8956
49
25
2400
2927
20
9011
45
26
0620
2930
56
9011
03
26
0900
2942
50
9152
54
3001
54
9317
58
7.04
26
02
00
1.19
4.91
3.89
26
0830
.6
1
3.81
3.42
26
03
20
-4.9
0
3.68
4.54
5.44
5.08
26
0240
-3
.30
26
2300
-.6
9
Tabl
e 2.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
for
peak
sto
rm-ti
de m
easu
rem
ents
at s
elec
ted
cont
inuo
us g
agin
g st
atio
ns a
long
the
Loui
sian
a co
ast-C
ontin
ued
Max
imum
pos
itive
M
inim
um n
egat
ive
stor
m ti
de
stor
m ti
de
Plat
e nu
mbe
r (f
igur
e 2)
Q
uadr
angl
e
5 12 7 7 7 7 7 10 7 7 7 7
Port
Arth
ur,
Tex.
, La.
Mis
siss
ippi
R
iver
Del
ta
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Atc
hafa
laya
B
ay
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Mor
gan
City
Gag
ing
stat
ion
num
ber
Ow
ner
24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
USG
S -D
NR
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
CO
E
Ow
ner
Iden
tifi
catio
n nu
mbe
r
0801
7115
0148
0
0355
5
0364
5
0372
0
0375
0
0378
0
0385
0
5280
0
6440
0
6445
0
6465
0
Stat
ion
nam
e
East
For
k tri
buta
ry n
ear
Car
nero
n
Mis
siss
ippi
Riv
er a
t V
enic
e
Gra
nd L
ake
at
Cha
rent
on
Six
Mile
Lak
e ne
ar
Ver
dunv
ille
Wax
Lak
e O
utle
t at
Cal
umet
Low
er A
tcha
fala
ya R
iver
at
Ber
wic
k Lo
ck (
wes
t)
Low
er A
tcha
fala
ya R
iver
at
Mor
gan
City
Rou
nd B
ayou
at D
eer I
slan
d
Bay
ou B
oeuf
at A
mel
ia
Cha
rent
on D
rain
age
Can
al
near
floo
dgat
e
Cha
rent
on D
rain
age
Can
al a
t B
aldw
in
Bay
ou T
eche
at W
est
Cal
umet
Flo
odga
te
Lat
itude
2949
42
2916
22
2954
20
2945
49
2942
09
2943
05
2941
40
2928
28
2940
06
2953
30
2949
23
2942
13
Elev
atio
n El
evat
ion
Day
, (f
eet
Day
, (f
eet
Long
!-
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
sea
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
tude
19
92
(hou
rs)
leve
l) 19
92
(hou
rs)
sea
leve
l)
9319
58
- -
- 26
19
00
8921
10
25
1700
3.
74
9131
26
26
1330
7.
30
9123
35
26
0800
7.
53
9122
07
26
0700
6.
68
26
0200
9113
29
26
1300
3.
75
9112
39
26
0830
6.
80
26
0200
9115
46
26
0700
7.
65
26
0100
9105
50
26
2015
3.
40
26
0200
9131
32
26
1200
3.
08
26
0400
9132
30
26
1030
3.
90
26
0200
9122
31
26
1700
3.
40
26
0500
.41
- - - -.69
- 1.10 -.46
.60
-.13
-.56
-.11
Tabl
e 2.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
for
peak
sto
rm-ti
de m
easu
rem
ents
at s
elec
ted
cont
inuo
us g
agin
g st
atio
ns a
long
the
Loui
sian
a co
ast-C
ontin
ued
Max
imum
pos
itive
st
orm
tide
Min
imum
neg
ativ
e st
orm
tide
Pla
te
num
ber
(fig
ure
2)
Qua
dran
gle
Ow
ner
Gag
ing
Iden
tifi-
stat
ion
catio
n nu
mbe
r O
wne
r nu
mbe
rS
tatio
n na
me
Latit
ude
Ele
vatio
n E
leva
tion
Day
, (fe
et
Day
, (fe
etLo
ngi-
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
sea
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
tude
19
92
(hou
rs)
leve
l) 19
92
(hou
rs)
sea
leve
l)
6 W
hite
Lak
e
9 B
lack
Bay
9 B
lack
Bay
9 B
lack
Bay
9 B
lack
Bay
4 G
ulfp
ort,M
iss.
, La
.
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
8 N
ew O
rlea
ns
9 B
lack
Bay
7 M
orga
n C
ity
36
CO
E
6787
5
37
CO
E
7600
5
38
CO
E
7601
0
39
CO
E
7602
0
40
CO
E
7602
5
41
CO
E
7604
0
42
CO
E
7606
0
43
CO
E
7612
0
44
CO
E
7624
0
45
CO
E
7636
0
Ver
mili
on R
iver
at B
anke
r 29
5021
Bay
ou D
upre
at f
lood
gate
29
5628
(w
est)
(ga
te c
lose
d)
Bay
ou D
upre
at f
lood
gate
29
5635
(e
ast)
(es
timat
ed)
Bay
ou B
ienv
enue
at P
aris
29
5855
R
oad
(gat
e cl
osed
)
Bay
ou B
ienv
enue
at f
lood
- 29
5952
ga
te (
east
)
Intr
acoa
stal
Wat
erw
ay n
ear
3000
24Pa
ris
Roa
d br
idge
, New
Orl
eans
9207
36
8950
24
27
0300
1.
72
8950
24
25
N.D
. 5.
50C
8956
47
26
1700
2.
35
8954
55
25
1800
8956
05
25
1930
Inne
r H
arbo
r Nav
igat
ion
Can
al n
ear S
eabr
ook
brid
ge,
New
Orl
eans
Inne
r H
arbo
r Nav
igat
ion
Can
al a
t Flo
rida
Ave
nue
brid
ge. N
ew O
rlea
ns
3001
45
9001
58
25
1900
2958
53
9001
15
25
1900
Intr
acoa
stal
Wat
erw
ay
2954
43
at A
lgie
rs L
ock
Bay
ou B
oeuf
(Int
ra-
2940
59
coas
tal W
ater
way
) at
Bay
ou
Boe
uf L
ock
(eas
t)
8958
28
26
0900
9110
25
26
0800
26
1330
.65
5.75
6.00
4.06
5.80
3.40
3.59
Tab
le 2
. Lo
catio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
for
peak
sto
rm-t
ide
mea
sure
men
ts a
t se
lect
ed c
ontin
uous
gag
ing
stat
ions
alo
ng t
he L
ouis
iana
co
ast
-Co
ntin
ue
d
Max
imum
pos
itive
st
orm
tide
Pla
te
num
ber
(fig
ure
2)
Qua
dran
gle
Gag
ing
stat
ion
num
ber
Ow
ner
Ow
ner
iden
tifi
catio
n nu
mbe
r
Day
, Lo
ngi-
Aug
ust
Sta
tion
nam
e La
titud
e tu
de
1992
Ele
vatio
n (fe
et
Tim
e ab
ove
sea
(hou
rs)
leve
l)
Min
imum
neg
ativ
e st
orm
tide
Day
, A
ugus
t 19
92
Ele
vatio
n (fe
et
Tim
e ab
ove
(hou
rs)
sea
leve
l)
7 M
orga
n C
ity
46
CO
E
7644
0
6 W
hite
Lak
e
6 W
hite
Lak
e
6 W
hite
Lak
e
6 W
hite
Lak
e
11
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
11
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
11
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
11
Ter
rebo
nne
Bay
10
Atc
hafa
laya
B
ay
8 N
ew O
rlea
ns
47
CO
E
7659
0
48
CO
E
7659
3
49
CO
E
7660
0
50
CO
E
7672
0
51
CO
E
8225
0
Intr
acoa
stal
Wat
erw
ay
at W
ax L
ake
(eas
t co
ntro
l str
uctu
re)
Fres
hwat
er C
anal
abo
ve
Bee
f Rid
ge
Fres
hwat
er C
anal
at F
resh
w
ater
Bay
ou L
ock
(sou
th)
Scho
oner
Bay
ou (
Inla
nd
Wat
erw
ay)
at e
ast
cont
rol s
truc
ture
Intr
acoa
stal
Wat
erw
ay
at L
elan
d B
owm
an
Loc
k (e
ast a
uto)
2938
27
9119
22
26
1200
2933
18
2933
09
2945
28
9218
19
9218
21
9215
48
2947
00
9211
40
52
CO
E
8226
0
53
CO
E
8231
0
Bay
ou L
afou
rche
at G
olde
n M
eado
w F
lood
gate
(no
rth)
Bay
ou L
afou
rche
at G
olde
n M
eado
w F
lood
gate
(so
uth)
Bay
ou B
lue
near
Cat
fish
L
ake
6.15 2.08
2920
33
9014
44
27
1500
2920
30
9014
44
26
0600
2923
31
9020
49
26
1030
54
CO
E
8235
0 B
ayou
Laf
ourc
he a
t Lee
ville
29
1452
90
1232
26
04
00
5.61
6.19
5.62
26
1400
26
1100
0.18
25
2000
-1
.78
-.55
26
0800
-1
.83
55
CO
E
8860
0 A
tcha
fala
ya B
ay a
t Eug
ene
2922
45
9122
54
N.D
. N
.D.
N.D
. 25
22
00
-3.2
0 Is
land
56
CO
E
8270
0 B
ayou
DCS
Alle
man
des
2949
26
9028
36
27
1230
2.
78
at D
es A
llem
ande
s
Tabl
e 2.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
for
peak
sto
rm-ti
de m
easu
rem
ents
at
sele
cted
con
tinuo
us g
agin
g st
atio
ns a
long
the
Lou
isia
na c
oast
-Con
tinue
d
Max
imum
pos
itive
st
orm
tide
Min
imum
neg
ativ
e st
orm
tide
Plat
e nu
mbe
r (f
igur
e 2)
Q
uadr
angl
e
Ow
ner
Gag
ing
iden
tifi-
stat
ion
catio
n nu
mbe
r O
wne
r nu
mbe
rS
tatio
n na
me
Latit
ude
Elev
atio
n El
evat
ion
Day,
(fe
et
Day
, (fe
etLo
ngi-
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
sea
Aug
ust
Tim
e ab
ove
tude
19
92
(hou
rs)
leve
l) 19
92
(hou
rs)
sea
leve
l)
8 N
ew O
rlea
ns
8 N
ew O
rlea
ns
9 B
lack
Bay
12
Mis
siss
ippi
R
iver
Del
ta
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
3 Po
ncha
toul
a
57
CO
E
8275
0
58
CO
E
8287
5
59
CO
E
8511
1
60
CO
E
8522
2
61
CO
E
8542
0
62
CO
E
8555
0
63
CO
E
8556
4
64
CO
E
8556
6
65
CO
E
8557
5
66
CO
E
8560
0
67
CO
E
8562
5
Bay
ou B
arat
aria
at
Bar
atar
ia
Bay
ou B
arat
aria
at
Laf
itte
Bla
ck B
ay n
ear
Bre
ton
Soun
d
Bre
ton
Soun
d at
Bre
ton
Isla
nd
Pass
Man
chac
nea
r Po
ncha
toul
a
Lak
e Po
ntch
artr
ain
near
Fre
- ni
er
Pipe
line
Can
al a
t Il
lino
is C
entr
al
Rai
lroa
d (n
orth
)
Pipe
line
Can
al a
t Il
linoi
s C
entr
al
Rai
lroa
d (s
outh
)
Lak
e Po
ntch
artr
ain
at
Man
devi
lle
Lak
e Po
ntch
artr
ain
at m
id-
lake
nea
r N
ew O
rlea
ns
Lak
e Po
ntch
artr
ain
at W
est
End
2944
29
9007
56
26
2400
3.
50
2940
06
9006
36
26
1230
4.
20
2935
00
8938
00
25
1800
5.
02
2927
30
8911
00
25
0900
4.
17
3016
53
9024
01
26
1700
4.
19
3006
22
9025
17
26
0100
4.
16
3001
44
9019
50
26
1800
3.
19
3001
44
9019
49
26
2000
2.
65
3021
31
9005
45
26
1400
4.
64
3011
16
9007
33
26
1800
4.
35
3001
18
9006
57
26
1400
3.
81
Tabl
e 2.
Loc
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, a
nd e
leva
tion
for
peak
sto
rm-t
ide
mea
sure
men
ts a
t sel
ecte
d co
ntin
uous
gag
ing
stat
ions
alo
ng th
e Lo
uisi
ana
coas
t-C
ontin
ued
Max
imum
pos
itive
st
orm
tide
Plat
e nu
mbe
r
Ci
C/5
1 w 1 6
H TJ
M M
O O 3
l ( n
w S ^
(fig
ure
2) 4 4 4 9
1 9 12 10 7 5
Qua
dran
gle
Gul
fpor
t.Mis
s.,
La.
Gul
fpor
t.Mis
s.,
La.
Gul
fpor
t.Mis
s.,
La.
Bla
ck B
ay
Bla
ck B
ay
Mis
siss
ippi
Riv
er D
elta
Atc
hafa
laya
Bay
Mor
gan
City
Port
Art
hur,
Tex.
, La.
Gag
ing
stat
ion
num
ber
68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
Ow
ner
COE
COE
COE
COE
COE
CO
E
CO
E
COE
COE
Ow
ner
iden
tifi
catio
nnu
mbe
r
8567
5
8570
0
8575
0
8578
0
8580
0
8841
0
8855
0
8880
0
7365
0
Stat
ion
nam
e
Lake
Pon
tcha
rtrai
n (Ir
ishB
ayou
) ne
ar s
outh
sho
re
The
Rig
olet
s ne
ar L
ake
Pont
char
trai
n
Che
f M
ente
ur P
ass
near
Lak
e B
orgn
e
Bay
ou T
erre
aux
Boe
uf a
tD
elac
roix
Mis
siss
ippi
Riv
er G
ulf O
ut
let
at S
hell
Bea
ch
Bay
ou R
igau
d at
Gra
nd Is
le
Atc
hafa
laya
Bay
nea
rE
ugen
e Is
land
Eas
t Cot
e B
lanc
he B
ayat
Luk
es L
andi
ng
Cal
casi
eu R
iver
and
Pass
nea
r Cam
eron
Lat
itude
3008
46
3010
02
3004
04
2945
50
2951
00
2915
48
2927
03
2935
48
2946
30
Long
itu
de
8951
41
8944
13
8948
25
8947
32
8941
00
8957
24
9120
28
9132
35
9320
46
Day
,A
ugus
t19
92 26 26 25 26 25 25 26 26 ..
Elev
atio
n (f
eet
Tim
e ab
ove
sea
(hou
rs)
1530
1600
1800
0600
1800
1900
0500
0600
leve
l)
3.60
3.35
3.90
4.90
4.91 3.57
7.60
8.19
Min
imum
neg
ativ
e st
orm
tide
Elev
atio
n D
ay,
(fee
tA
ugus
t Ti
me
abov
e19
92
(hou
rs)
sea
leve
l)
.. .. 25
2200
-0
.62
N.D
. N
.D.
N.D
.
26
1900
-.6
3
"Est
imat
ed.
bGag
e he
ight
s no
t cor
rect
ed to
sea
leve
l. N
o el
evat
ion
data
ava
ilabl
e.°E
leva
tion
estim
ated
by
U.S
. Arm
y C
orps
of
Eng
inee
rs.
![Ac3.01 [Elevations]](https://static.fdocuments.us/doc/165x107/559669fa1a28ab79128b47a1/ac301-elevations.jpg)
