STI Policy, Indicators and Industry-Academia Interaction

Dr. Neeraj SharmaAdvisor & Head

Technology Development and Transfer and Policy Research

Department of Science & TechnologyE-mail: neerajs@nic.in

MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF

DST:

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY

AND INNOVATION

CAPACITY AND

CAPABILITY

Overview of STI Indicators- Global Comparison -

The Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) in the country has been consistently

increasing over the years ~36.20 $ Billions (PPP). 8th Ranks (2011)

GERD/GDP ~ 0.88% during XI Five Year Plan period.

FTE R&D professionals ~ 2 lakhs - Ranks 9th

Scientific Publication – 1 lakhs Annual research papers- Ranks 6th

Growth rate 13.4% as against the world average of 4.4%.

US Patents – 2500 Annually- Ranks 10th (2013)

Women participation in extramural R&D projects ~30 %.

India is amongst the top five nations (3rd position) in the world in terms

of scientific publications in nanoscience and technology.

India is among the top 12 biotech destinations in the world and ranks

third in the Asia-Pacific region and currently holding 2% share of the

global Biotech industry.

Indian Scientists participation in International Collaborative/ Mega Science

projects.

0.66

0.68

0.70

0.72

0.74

0.76

0.78

0.80

0.82

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.90

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000

55000

60000

65000

70000

75000

1990-91 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11* 2011-12*

GER

D a

s P

erce

nta

ge o

f G

DP

R&

D E

xpen

dit

ure

(Rs.

Cro

res)

Year

R&D Expenditure R&D as % of GDP

NATIONAL R&D EXPENDITURE AND ITS PERCENTAGE WITH GDP

The Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) in the country has been consistently increasing

over the years and has doubled from Rs. 24,117.24 crores in 2004-05 to Rs. 53,041.30

crores in 2009-10. It is estimated to be Rs. 62,053.47 crores in 2010-11 and Rs.72,620.44

crores in 2011-12.

India’s R&D/GDP ratio has hovered around 0.88% during XI Five Year Plan period.

However, it increased significantly from 0.81% in 2004-05 to 0.87% in 2009-10.

Science, Technology and Innovation

Indicators - Global Comparison

37502

4328348473

54798

61687

73099

89176

97372

102753

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Pu

blicati

on

s N

um

ber

1110

10

9

9

7

7

6

12

Rank

India’s Trend in Scientific Publications

(2005-2013)

India’s Scientific publications has been on rise during the last decade. As per the

Scopus database, research output increased by 174% during 2005-2013.

India surpassed France in 2013 and is ranked 6th in the world in scientific

publications having a growth rate of 13.4% as against the world average of 4.4%

during 2005-2013.

Challenges in STI Enhancing GERD from current level of 0.9 % of GDP.

Investments of the Private sector into R&D (at present ~35%)

global benchmarks of 65-80%

Increasing Global share of in top 1% by value

Lower global share of global R&D outcomes in quality space

Increasing Density of FTEs in science in sector (~ 2 Lakh) (Increase by 66% from the current values of FTEs) The size of Full FTE/million population of India is lower than global bench marks. Right sizing FTE density is as crucial as the doubling % GERD/GDP.

Commercializing technologies from universities & R&D institutes

Designing Innovation system for inclusiveness & competitiveness

New PPP approaches for R&D in India

Technology Transfer

Industry Academia Connect

How to position India in global R&D space?

Patent Filing of Asian Countries

(WIPO Report – 2016)

Number of Patent Applications by Office of the Country

Singapore Japan S. Korea China India

Total 10,814 3,18,721 2,13,694 3,59,316 45,658

Residents1,469

(13.58%)

58,839

(81.21%)

1,64,073

(78.28%)

2,63,436

(73.32%)

12,040

(27.55%)

Non-

residents

9,345

(86.42%)

59,882

(18.79%)

46,419

(21.72%)

1,27,042

(35.36%)

33,079

(72.44%)

* Out of 100 economies, **out of 80 economies

Source – World Intellectual Property Indicators Published by World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (www.wipo.int/ipstats, http://www.wipo.int)

WIPO does not consider Taiwan as an Individual country. it is considered as province of China, so data is not available for Taiwan.

No. of Patents Granted

Under

Major Fields of Inventions (2015-16)

Source: Annual Reports of Controller General of Patents, Designs, Trademarks and GIs

IP Attributes IIT

Kharagpur

IIT

Bombay

IIT

Madras

IIT

Kanpur

IIT

Delhi

Patents (2010-15)

Filed

Granted

231

13

569

>61

239

25

204

9

146

25

Technology available 214 409 358 6 50

Technologies

Licensed (till date)24 >140 60 60 15

Revenue generated

from tech. transfers

(Crores ₹; upto 2015)

186.80 209 461 238 135.83

Start-ups (till date) 104 >26 89 26 16

Industrial

Collaborations

(MoUs; 2010-15)

72 225 ~176 124 8

Revenue generated

Consultancies

(Crores ₹; 2010-15)

69.75

(2011-16)143.5 251.11 52.25

138

(2010-14)

S &T Indicators of First Generation IITs

ICT, Mumbai….deemed to be university

Patents: ~310 (last 10 years)

Publications: ~4720

Entrepreneurs Generated: >500

Ind. Consultancy:~269

Ind. Sponsored Projects: ~318

Three Centres of Excellence (R&D)

80% of ICT faculty involved with industry

REASONS FOR THE SUCCESS IN PATENTING AND

TECH TRANSFER

Industry-Academia Cell

IPR Cell

Tech-Transfer Cell

I-A Collaborative Centres of Excellence (CoE)

Involvement of industry in Teaching, Course designing

and Advisory committee

Industry sponsored Scholarships/Fellowships

Set up of laboratories by industries

Industry Specific programmes by IITs

Strong Alumni base

Scientist’s involvement with industry is promoted.

THE SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICY

The Journey of the Science Policies

Scientific Policy Resolution resolved in 1958 resolved to

foster, promote, sustain the cultivation of science and

scientific research

Technology Policy Statement 1983 referenced the need for

India attaining technological self reliance

Science and Technology Policy 2003 stressed the need for

scaling investments into R&D

Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2013 aims to

bear fresh perspectives on innovation in the Indian context

Contextual Referencing of STI Policy

Laying a Foundation for science

and Scientific temper

Focus on technological self

reliance

Increasing Gross Expenditure

on R&D for increasing outputs

Science, Research and Innovation System

for High Technology-led for path for India

Articulation

of principle

SPR 1958

Attaining

goals

TPS 1983

Ambition

for science

STP 2003

Aspiration

for Nation

STIP 2013

Emerging Space for Science, Technology

and Innovation in the new global economy

Scholarship

driven

Competition

driven

Innovation

ScienceTechnology

Market driven

Creation of jobs Creation of knowledge

Creation of value

Advanced

knowledge

Leadership in usable

knowledge

Gainful and

useful

knowledge

National

prosperity

Knowledge Seekers

Embedded Principles in India’s STI Policy 2013

Integration of STI for value creation

Interconnected Global competitiveness and National

inclusiveness

STI policy for People

Innovation for inclusive growth should ensure

access, availability and affordability

Balancing Investments into science and Investment of

science into the growth of the nation

Symbiotic relationship among science, economics and well

being of people

Capturing Aspirations..

Spread of scientific temperand Applications of science

Making scientific careersattractive for youth

Connect excellence withrelevance

Trigger mind set changes forvalue creation fromknowledge

Establish robust nationalinnovation system

Positioning India amongthe best five

Enhance private sectorinvestment into R&D

Establish new PPPstructures for creatingvalue for R&D outputs

New mechanisms for highrisk innovations

Foster cost effectiveinnovations

Focus of STI policy

Prioritize critical areas like agriculture, climate variabilityandchange, communication, energy, environment, health, materials and water management

Promote interdisciplinary research

Foster use of innovations from both strategic and non-strategic sectors of research

Support innovation incubators

Establish a fund for social inclusion

Leverage traditional knowledge through science

Support STI driven enterprises with business models

Invest into young innovators through education, trainingand mentoring

DST- Centre for Science Policy ResearchSr

NPolicy Centre Specific focus/ theme Area of Policy Research Work

1.

DST- Centre for Policy Research

at IISc-Bangalore

1. Scientometric Analysis of Indian Institutions

2. Research on Funding Patterns and Policies

3. Methods of Assessing Multi-Dimensional Impact

2.

DST- Centre for Policy

Research" at IIT-Delhi

1. India’s Innovation Mapping

2. Technology Transfer Status

3. Sectorial research study

4. Benchmarking study reports

5. Innovation’s Assessment in the field of Agri Tech.

3.

DST- Centre for Policy Research

in S&T Entrepreneurship

“Entrepreneurship

Development Institute of India

(EDII)" Gandhinagar

1. Understating ecosystem to promote and strengthen S&T

Entrepreneurship

2. Scan International Strategy to promote S&T based

Entrepreneurship and integrating inclusive growth element

3. Prospects and Constraints in Technology Commercialization

by R&D Institutions in India: The Strategy Imperatives

4. Maintaining data base of high technology entrepreneurs and

preparing and publishing case studies of such entrepreneurs

4.

DST- Centre for Policy

Research" at Babasaheb

Bhimrao Ambedkar (Central)

University, Lucknow

1. Study of policies and mechanisms for delivery of STI outputs to

diverse stakeholders including innovation for social inclusion with

special reference to: Sustainable agriculture; Health; Energy;

Water resource management and Climate governance.

2. Map STI effectiveness in bringing social inclusion

5

DST- Centre for Policy Research

at Panjab University,

Chandigarh

Study of policies and mechanisms that could promote to

enhance and expand private sector participation in STI

activities including industry - academia - R&D collaboration

DST’S EFFORTS IN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

AND TRANSFER

DST implements various schemes for promotion of research and

development including technology development.

Technology Systems Development Programme

Instrumentation Development Programme

Advanced Manufacturing Technology

Waste Management Technology

Water Technology Initiative

Clean Energy Research Initiative

NANO Technology MISSION

Technology Development Board

Science and Engineering Research Board

Technology Business Incubators

DST’S EFFORTS IN STRENGTHENING INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY

• Fund for Improvement of S&T Infrastructure in Univ. and Higher Edn. Instns (FIST)

• Supported more than 2000 S&T departments of Universities and relatedacademic Institutions and 300 PG Colleges have been at various levels withinvestment of approximately Rs 2150 crores.

• Sophisticated Analytical Instruments Facilities (SAIF) –• Provides services of high-end equipment facilities to the researchers.

Currently 18 such SAIF centres are in operational and providing services.These centres contributes about 4000-5000 publications annually

• PURSE for rejuvenation of University Research -• 44 performing universities supported ranging from Rs 6.0 Crores to Rs 30.0

Crores for 3 years period. Total investment plan is Rs 890 Crores.

• Bilateral R&D collaboration with UK (RC-UK) –• Both RC-UK and DST is committed to invest £ 31.5 M each for 26 Projects on

select/chosen areas like Science Bridges, Next Generation Networks onCommunication, Solar Energy Initiatives, Fuel Cell Initiatives, Smart Grid &Energy Storage, Advanced Manufacturing and Applied Mathematics.

Mandatory Partnership of

Universities with Industries & National Res. Labs.

Universities

Universities should adopt at least one industry and one Res.

Lab as research partners

As per UGC records, Total No. of Universities in the Country is 777 (State 356, Deemed to be 122, Central 47, & Private Universities 252)

Thank You