Steven Domber New Jersey Geological and Water Survey

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection &

Jennifer Shourds New Jersey Water Science Center United States Geological Survey

Acknowledgements Steve Tessler, Ecologist/Data Manager, USGS

Christine Wieben, Hydrologist, USGS

Mary Chepiga, Chief Hydrologic Modeling, USGS

Jeffrey Hoffman, NJ State Geologist, NJGWS

NJ Water Transfer Data Model or NJWaTr or NJ Water or…. NJ’s tool to compile, store and distribute “cradle to grave” water use

data for research/modeling purposes; not regulatory Department-wide reported data and estimates

A conveyance-based model that represents any water exchange activity between two sites

Pairs of Sites are joined through unidirectional Conveyances for which water Transactions are recorded

Sites and conveyances form a water network

Attributes such as owner, permit, water resource, location are linked with each component of the network

Uses MS Access as primary data management tool

What’s in NJWaTr: Two Primary Conveyance Networks

WithdrawalPoint

WithdrawalPoint

Drinking WaterService Area

Drinking WaterUse Area

Sewer ServiceArea

DischargePoint

DischargePoint

DischargePoint

Drinking WaterService Area

Sewer ServiceArea

Atmosphere

Use Area

Atmosphere

WithdrawalPoint

DischargePoint

self-supplied commercial and industrial, agricultural, power generation, irrigation and mining uses

- Attribute information associated with all sites (boxes) and conveyances (arrows) - Transfer information associated will all conveyances, where available

potable supply and wastewater uses

What NJWaTr helps you know… Where does our water come from? Where does it go? What is the water used for? Who’s using it? How much is used? How much is returned and where? How and why do these facts change over time? And a whole lot more

Simple Questions, but Water programs evolved to address very specific needs

with specific rules and regulations. e.g. allocation withdrawals, NJDPES discharges, safe

drinking water systems, WQMPs

The data management systems of those programs were not designed to look at the entire cycle of water use; just their specific component of it.

NJWaTr links these different datasets together to

allow the user to look at the conveyance of water from withdrawal to discharge.

USGS and NJDEP Collaboration Initiated in 2002 with USGS NJ Water Science Center

Offshoot of NEWUDS NJWaTr v1 with 1990 to 1999 data

2005 NJWaTr v2 updated model and enhanced data loading methods

2008 added 2000 to 2007 data and created post-processors

2009 started annual update agreements with USGS

Model updates and data QA/QC

2010 2-year JFAs to handle new data and corrections

ASR, historical data; 1918-1989, sw returns, model enhancements

~$2Million with ~1/3+ covered by USGS match: $133K/year Vs $100K to add 1 table to NJDEP regulatory database

NJWaTr Contains Over 38,000 Sites

Industrial, commercial, mining, power, irrigation, public supply, & self-supplied domestic sw and gw withdrawals

Water purveyor raw and finished water transfers, aquifer storage and recovery, and sanitary sewer discharges

100,000 gpd reporting thresholds, with 50,000 gpd in NJ Highlands No saline withdrawals (for now)

25,000 one-way Conveyances

2.5 million Transfers

1990 to 2011 monthly data 2012 to 2013 data will be available summer 2016 2014 and 2015 data available January 2017

Flexible design allows easy addition of new data/attributes to meet needs of

multiple users

NJWaTr Data Management Process NJDEP regulatory program data: -BWA withdrawal -SDW purveyor -DWQ discharge NJGWS estimated data

NJWaTr Excel Templates

USGS QA/QC

USGS site attribute compilation

Transfer mdb & csv to USGS NJWSC

USGS Projects

NJWaTr Loading Procedures

NJWaTr : with NJDEP

“keeper of data”

NJWaTr DataMart

NJWaTr DataWarehouse

NJDEP Studies

NJDEP Data Reports

NJDEP Review

Public Requests

NJ Highlands DRBC

NJ Pinelands

NJWaTr Data Exporter

NJWaTr Templates

NJWaTr GeoDatabase

NJDEP

USGS key

NJW

aTr

QA/QC Process 1) Identify new sites for current year. (~100 new sites added to NWIS every yr

but varies) 2) Allocate members (sites) to their particular groups to remove any

duplicates/double-reported sites. 3) Compute year totals for all sites & identify which permits are pumping

outside their monthly & yearly allocations. Check “over pumpers” against available paper copies, where available. Fix & document/flag (10 different QA flags)

4) Identify missing monthly data– estimate using earlier historical data & document/flag

5) Compare yearly totals for current year against historical data using outlier/statistical calculations and visual/graphical programs. Fix any discrepancies & document/flag

6) Repeat this process for updates & additions to previous years’ (historical) data, from 2003 to present.

7) Add supporting metadata (hydrologic resource info, type of use, census info, critical areas, HUC14, aquifer designation, etc)

8) When QA/QC process complete, create & load data into appropriate NJWaTr templates

9) Create & update GIS interface with new annual & monthly water use data

QA/QC Process, continued As a tracking model, NJWaTr is capable of tracking not only the source

& destination of water use but the evolution of a datapoint throughout time. Example: Null datapoint-> estimated-> reported volume-> units error-> final

All of these data points/volumes get preserved & annotated. NJWaTr will show the last value as ‘Preferred’; Old values/changes stored as ‘Non-preferred’ in different table w/in database with timestamp & appropriate flag(s) explaining genesis.

Estimations based on a historical average, calculated by month, by site. That historical estimation value improves over time as more data (ie years) become available/uploaded.

QA/QC process in pictures (11 Step Process, constantly evolving)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Annu

al U

se m

gy

Annual Use- 2055P Name of Owner, LLC

Statistical functions to elicit biggest problems first. (pumping greater than 25% of permitted monthly or annual allocation(s), 2SDs away from historical mean) 90/10 rule

Chose your favorite BWA permit

New QA/QC - open source coding “Up and coming” R Studio/Shiny app- we have plans to adapt work we did for USGS national

compilation QA/QC this spring to fit NJWaTr’s QA/QC program. Idea is to format NJWaTr data such that with some coding changes we will be able to use this functionality as another graphic/visual means to QA/QC our data. Can compare 2 years for one data category, 2 data categories over time, multiple data categories over time, boxplots, times series plots, bar sums, ranked data, choropleths

Examples of graphs plotted for data exploration:

Challenging technical aspects Common errors with the water use data– order(s) of magnitude off in

reported volumes/units issues; usage reported on wrong well/site.

Linking USGS vs NJDEP Bureau of Water Allocation systems together (mainly site identification issues)

Supporting metadata come from different sources

Delay inherent in dealing with water use data to produce a reliable

dataset, have to wait ‘til following year, (sometimes November before complete dataset) and time needed to process, QA/QC data, and upload into various databases. Water use data are NOT real time!

The good news: a lot/most of these problems have gone away or

improved drastically over the years as a result of: online reporting, database automation, and/or better information available

NJWaTr Importer & Loader

NJWaTr Relational Database Schematic

76 Tables, 95 relationships, 319 fields, >6,500 lookup values

NJWaTr DataWarehouse

NJWaTr DataMart

Publically available data sets: http://www.njgeology.org/geodata/dgs10-3.htm

NJWaTr Exporter

NJWaTr Geodatabase

Examples of NJWaTr Use USGS Work

Groundwater models 5-yr confined aquifer synoptics Regional studies: Highlands/Pinelands/Passaic-

Hackensack Watershed studies National WATERSMART Program: DRB Pilot Study Area SWUDS 2010 Data AWUDS National 5-yr compilation Internal (USGS) data requests from researchers doing

regional studies

Full Allocation Estimates by Site All SW and GW withdrawal sites in NJ

2,300 permits with allocation limits

2,800 groups with allocation limits

6,300 sites with estimated allocations of 7,800 mgd SW – 1,000 sites with est. alloc. of 6,700 mgd GW – 5,300 sites with est. alloc. of 1,100 mgd

5,500 sites with withdrawals of 2,500 mgd SW – 850 sites with withdrawals of 2,000 mgd GW – 4,650 sites with withdrawals of 500 mgd

Examples of NJWaTr Use NJDEP Work

Statewide Water Supply Master Plan Stream low-flow margin method for water availability Statewide, county, and HUC water use summaries Water availability/water budgets Data inquiries

Simplified Statewide Data http://www.njgeology.org/enviroed/infocirc/withdrawals2009.pdf

Water Availability http://www.njgeology.org/geodata/dgs14-1.htm

How do withdrawals vary by water region?

Key:

Upper Delaware

Lower Delaware

Passaic

Atlantic Coastal

Raritan

Excludes power generation

Ag/Irrigation

Com/Ind/Min

PotableSupply

Where do the withdrawals come from?

Key: GW,Conf.

SW

GW,Unconf.

Excludes power generation

12%

60%

28%

Statewide Averages

3 Primary Sources of Water 1. Unconfined ground water

and non-regulated surface water (statewide)

2. Confined aquifers (coastal plain)

3. Reservoirs/safe yield and regulated surface water

What is Consumptive Use? That part of a water withdrawal that is evaporated,

transpired, incorporated into products or crops, consumed by people or livestock, or otherwise removed from the immediate environment

Total use = consumptive use + non-consumptive use In most cases it is estimated using monthly

coefficients; e.g. 90% of total ag irrigation is consumptive in August

Total vs Consumptive

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

Total Use Consumptive Use

Mil

lion

s of

gal

lons

per

yea

r

Ag/Irrigation

Com/Ind/Min

Potable Supply

83%

10% 7%

Total Use

Potable Supply

Com/Ind/Min

Ag/Irrigation

61% 7%

32%

Consumptive Use

Potable Supply

Com/Ind/Min

Ag/Irrigation

15%

Monthly Consumptive vs Non-Consumptive

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

mil

lion

s of

gal

lons

per

mon

th

Com/Ind/Min Con

Ag/Irr Con

Potable Supply Con

Com/Ind/Min

Ag/Irr

Potable Supply

Per Capita Potable Water Use Total Use Per Capita • Increasing efficiency of

industries • Loss of major water using

industries • Indoor plumbing code

efficiencies

Consumptive Use Per Capita • Migration to suburbs (with

yards) • Lawn/landscape irrigation • New development grow-in

periods

Suburban vs Urban Potable Use

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

Jan-

01

May

-01

Sep-

01

Jan-

02

May

-02

Sep-

02

Jan-

03

May

-03

Sep-

03

Jan-

04

May

-04

Sep-

04

Jan-

05

May

-05

Sep-

05

Jan-

06

May

-06

Sep-

06

Jan-

07

May

-07

Sep-

07

Jan-

08

May

-08

Sep-

08

Jan-

09

May

-09

Sep-

09

Jan-

10

May

-10

Sep-

10

Jan-

11

May

-11

Sep-

11

Suburban Water System

Non-Consumptive Use Consumptive Use

0500

1,0001,5002,0002,500

Jan-

01

May

-01

Sep-

01

Jan-

02

May

-02

Sep-

02

Jan-

03

May

-03

Sep-

03

Jan-

04

May

-04

Sep-

04

Jan-

05

May

-05

Sep-

05

Jan-

06

May

-06

Sep-

06

Jan-

07

May

-07

Sep-

07

Jan-

08

May

-08

Sep-

08

Jan-

09

May

-09

Sep-

09

Jan-

10

May

-10

Sep-

10

Jan-

11

May

-11

Sep-

11

Urban Water System

Non-Consumptive Consumptive No ratio of baseline to peak …

1.1 – 1.2 baseline to peak ratio

Major Purveyor (with year-round and seasonal vacation residents)

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11

mil

lion

s of

gal

lons

per

mon

th

1.4 – 1.8 baseline to peak ratio

Major Purveyors (with large summer increases in population)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11

mil

lion

s of

gal

lons

per

mon

th

2.5 – 4+ baseline to peak ratio

Sanitary Sewer Discharge

Water Tracking with NJWaTr

$$

$

$

$

$

$

$$

$$

$

$

$

$

$$

$

$

$$

4 0 4

Water imports

Sewer collections

Sewer discharges

Water withdrawals

One water purveyor with its own sources and imports and multiple sewer collection systems

Water and Sewer ‘Water Budget’ (with good overlap of service areas, year-round community)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13

mil

lion

s of

gal

lons

per

mon

th

Withdrawal

Discharge

Water and Sewer ‘Water Budget’ (for summer vacation county)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09

mil

lion

s of

gal

lons

per

mon

th

Confined Withdrawals Unconfined Withdrawals Sewer Returns

Water Balance for the North Branch Rancocas River water-table aquifer system

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Jan-

90

Jan-

91

Jan-

92

Jan-

93

Jan-

94

Jan-

95

Jan-

96

Jan-

97

Jan-

98

Jan-

99

mill

ion

gallo

ns p

er m

onth

Unconfined GW and SW Withdrawals Returns (non-consumptive, confined aquifer, sewer) Net Impact

Historic Data: (to be added)

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

1900

1903

1906

1909 1912

1915

1918

1921

1924

1927

1930

1933

1936

1939

1942

1945

1948 1951

1954

1957

1960

1963

1966

1969

1972

1975

1978

1981

1984

1987

1990

1993

1996

1999

2002

2005

2008 2011

KMAN

NJWaTr

SW Potable

GW Model

Additional Resources

Thank you for listening

Jennifer Shourds USGS NJWSC Water Use Specialist 609-406-3819 jshourds@usgs.gov

Steven Domber Acting Section Chief, Water Supply Planning & Modeling, NJGWS New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection 609-984-6587 steven.domber@dep.nj.gov