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Steve Apfelbaum, "Emulating Nature"
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Transcript of Steve Apfelbaum, "Emulating Nature"
![Page 1: Steve Apfelbaum, "Emulating Nature"](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042907/587badf61a28ab81758b761f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Applied Ecological Services, Inc.
Water and Ecosystem Restoration
Sustainable Solutions For More Than 35 Years
![Page 2: Steve Apfelbaum, "Emulating Nature"](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042907/587badf61a28ab81758b761f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Historic Landscapes
• DIVERSE• DYNAMIC
• PRODUCTIVE• STINGY
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RiversCoastal Environment
Watersheds
Zone of:• Generation /”reservoir”
• Carbonaceous materials• Freshwater-surface and recharge
• Suspended solids• Parent material,
minerals/nutrients• Thermal buffers-baseflow
cooling• Water supply buffers-
modulator/inertia• Water quality buffer--
Zone of:• Mixing (chemistry, water, biology,
energy)• Dilution
• Deposition• Redistribution, assimilation, and
production
Zone of:• Bed/suspended solid origin
• Organic matter breakdown/fractioning• Mobility for life
• Energetics
Larger Relationships-
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Rivers Coastal
Environment
Zone of:• Generation /”reservoir”
• Carbonaceous materials• Freshwater-surface and recharge
• Suspended solids• Parent material,
minerals/nutrients• Thermal buffers-baseflow
cooling• Water supply buffers-
modulator/inertia• Water quality buffer--
Zone of:• Mixing (chemistry, water, biology,
energy)• Dilution
• Deposition• Redistribution, assimilation, and
production
Zone of:• Bed/suspended solid origin
• Organic matter breakdown/fractioning• Mobility for life
• Energetics
Watershed and Water Impact
Impervious landscapes, Urban environments, Compaction, Agricultural, Fertilizers, Climate
change, Vulcanism, Forestry practices, livestock grazing,Contaminants, Sanitary
sewage, Dredging/Filling, Planting non-native or invasive plant and animal and disease
species, human design and ingenuity
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Stream Degradation and Watershed Development Trends
Historic River in IL Existing River in IL
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Nine 100 to 500 yr floods in 15 yrs
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0 1 10 50 100 1000
1
0
4
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Des Plaines River Discharge---1899
DIS
CH
AR
GE
(CFS
)
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
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10000
1000
100
10
1.0
0.1
.13 99.8799.5999895908070605040302010521.5
Single Point
Watershed Changes Over Time---Des Plaines River Discharge----1973
780 cfs
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Des Plaines RiverDischarge (CFS) at Riverside, Illinois, 1886-1988
-1000
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0 70605040302010
-200
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HIGH FLOWS• High flows have doubled• From 1886-1904, 1.5 high flows/yr• Presently, 3-5 high flows/yr
MEDIAN FLOWS• Median flows are 400 times higher
-100
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0 70605040302010
LOW FLOWS• Low flows are 250 times higher
Annual Hydrographs and Normal Average Water Levels for Restored Wetlands.Designed by Engineers vs. Ecologists
Spring Fall FallSpring
Avg. Avg.
* Unpredictable Swings in Water Levels* Creates Biological Instability* Promotes Habitats for Weeds and Poor Aesthetics* Promotes Poor Water Quality
* Annual Seasonal High and Low* Predictable Hydraulics and Seasonal Trajectory* Promotes Habitat for Stable yet Dynamic Plant Communities (Diversity of Plants and Animals)
File name: C:\DRAWINGS\1997\97-45\HYDRLGY
No changes in storm intensity, frequency, or rainfall distributions!
Soil Carbon collapse (~9% to 1.5%) Imperviousness (0 to 15%)Agricultural tiling (0~70%)
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Prairie Crossing - Plan & Photographs
Ecology, Economy and Culture
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STT- FIRST AT PRAIRIE CROSSINGA System of Connected, Restored Open Space--------------- instead of pipes and detention ponds.
Setting New Standards—On Hundreds of projects
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Creating Great Places ! (Saving $$)
Swimmable/Fishable Water High Clarity and Quality
Unprecedented Results:• Lake Leopold, refugia for rare fish.
• Restored Prairies, home to rare grassland birds• Renewed connections between people and place and to each other.
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Kankakee Sands, Indiana
Junk.shp
Soil/Vegetation RelationshipWATEREMERGENTSEDGEWET MESIC/ SEDGEMESIC/ WET MESICSAVANNA
Management Units
D
B
CN
O
E F G H
I
J
K
L
M
Soil/Vegetation RelationshipWATEREMERGENTSEDGEWET MESIC/ SEDGEMESIC/ WET MESICSAVANNA
#Y
#Y#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y
%U #Y
#Y
#Y
#Y #Y
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#Y
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#Y#Y#Y#Y
#Y
#Y#Y
#Y
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#Y #Y
#Y #Y
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%U
#Y#Y#Y
#Y
#Y
#Y#Y
#Y #Y #Y#Y
#Y
#Y
D
B
CN
O
E F G H
I
J
K
L
MDrainage System
District Main DitchRegional MainField DrainLocal Feeder
Drainage SystemAbandon
Proposed Control Structures%U Major Controls#Y Minor Controls
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Lower Don Lands RevitalizationToronto, Ontario
River Mouth and Hydrology Restoration
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Freshkills Landfill Restoration Planning
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Restore Soil Carbon and Water Cycle Everywhere
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AES’s ~9000 projects worldwide (Water, soils, biodiversity, human relationships with place, etc)
• Diversity• Dynamics
• Productivity
•STINGINESS
RESTORING :
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Applied Ecological Services, Inc.
Thank You!
Sustainable Solutions For More Than 35 Years
www.appliedeco.com