Cardiac Muscle Engineering: Strategies to Deliver Stem Cells to
Stem Cells & Engineering
Transcript of Stem Cells & Engineering
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 1/40
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 2/40
3/29/20
What are Stem Cells?
They can divide and make identical copies of
themselves: Self-Renewal
Remain Unspecialized with no ‘specific’ function
Differentiate to produce over 200 different types ofcells in the body.
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 3/40
3/29/20
The Major Types of Stem Cells
Embryonic Stem Cells
From blastocysts
B. Adult Stem Cells
blood, bone marrow, liver, kidney, cornea, dental
pulp, umbilical cord, brain, skin, muscle,salivary gland . . . .
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 4/40
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 5/40
3/29/20
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 6/40
3/29/20
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 7/40
3/29/20
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 8/40
3/29/20
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 9/40
3/29/20
Cloning
• What is cloning?• Asexual reproduction
• Examples?• Bacteria, fungus• Plants – cutting – potato• Farm animals
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 10/40
3/29/20
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 11/40
3/29/20
Removing the maternal nucleus beforenuclear transfer
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 12/40
3/29/20
• 2002 – Rabbits cloned
2003 – Mule cloned
“CC” Carbon Copy
2004 – Bull serial-cloned 2005 – Dog cloned
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 13/40
3/29/20
Countries Human Embryo Cloning
(=creating embryo)
Use of Stem Cell
Lines
Use of Superfluous
Embryos
France, Spain Prohibited Authorized Authorized
Italy, Austria, Ireland Prohibited Prohibited Prohibited
U.K. Denmark Authorized Authorized Authorized
Israel, Sweden,Belgium, India
Prohibited Authorized Authorized
Germany Prohibited Authorized
(imported)
Authorized
U.S.A. Prohibited (public)
Free (private)
Authorized under
restricted condition(public)
Free (private)
Authorized
(in most states)
Canada Prohibited Under consideration Under consideration
Japan, Netherlands,Korea
Authorized Authorized Authorized
Australia Currently prohibitedbut underconsideration
Authorized Authorized
Summary of Policies Defined Around the World
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 14/40
3/29/20
• !"#
• $"%&'
• "()*
&! +
• ,-
• "*.&./
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 15/40
3/29/20
!&+*0&&
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 16/40
3/29/20
Cancer Stem Cells
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 17/40
3/29/20
Cancer Stem Cells
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 18/40
3/29/20
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 19/40
3/29/20
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 20/40
3/29/20
2
Why Make Recombinant DNA?
• Cure or treat disease
• Genetically modify our foods to increase
flavor, yield, nutritional value or shelf-life
• Better understand human genetics
• Clone cells or organs
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 21/40
3/29/20
2
Recombinant DNA
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 22/40
3/29/20
2
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 23/40
3/29/20
2
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 24/40
3/29/20
2
Recombinant DNA
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 25/40
3/29/20
2
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 26/40
3/29/20
2
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 27/40
3/29/20
2
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 28/40
3/29/20
2
,
High Moderate Low
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 29/40
3/29/20
2
1
• )
–
– "
•
– 12
–
• 1)
– &34
– )
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 30/40
3/29/20
3
• $22
•
• 5)2&
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 31/40
3/29/20
3
5
• ,&-&
– 5
Cell SourceEmbryonic stem cells
Adult stem cells
Progenitor cells
SignalsGrowth factors
DrugsMechanical forces
ECMMetals
CeramicsSynthetic polymersNatural polymers
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 32/40
3/29/20
3
• 60• 5
• 7&
• #&
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 33/40
3/29/20
3
!
• 7)"&
–
–
•
– &
– &
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 34/40
3/29/20
3
•
*
– &&
• #*
*
0
A 3D calcium phosphate scaffold
From Becton Dickinson
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 35/40
3/29/20
3
1&
• &
• &"&
– *&
–
&
– )
• 1&+*2
*8
8)
– &
&&
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 36/40
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 37/40
3/29/20
3
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 38/40
3/29/20
3
5
,)
*/
50&*
&&&
*
"
!
,2&
&
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 39/40
3/29/20
3
8/7/2019 Stem Cells & Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/stem-cells-engineering 40/40
3/29/20