Stem Cells and the Global Revolution in Science and Medicine William Hoffman Department of...
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Stem Cells and the Global Revolution in Science and Medicine
William Hoffman
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
& MBBNet
University of Minnesota Medical School
St. John’s University/College of St. Benedict
Dec. 17, 2004
This work is a communications project of William Hoffman, a non-faculty employee of the University of Minnesota, and not the University of Minnesota. It is meant to help inform public discussion of stem cell research.
Leonardo da VinciThe Infant in the Womb, 1512
Homunculus, the Little Man, 1694
Nicolaas Hartsoeker
Embryonic stem cells from a human blastocyst are isolated and grown in cell culture,1998
Illustration: Howard Hughes Medical Institute via Monash University in Melbourne, the National University of Singapore, and the Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem
Origin of Agriculture
Origin of Industrialization
Stem Cell Research: Global Competition
Countries in brown rank highly in the Global Competitiveness Index, 2004-2005, World Economic Forum. Circles indicate bioclusters.
Stem Cell Research: Global Competition
Select Global Stem Cell Research Centers 2004
Stem Cell Research: Global Competition
World Stem Cell Maphttp://mbbnet.umn.edu/scmap.html
Countries colored in brown, representing more than 3 billion people, have a permissive / flexible policy on embryonic stem cell research. All have banned human reproductive cloning.
Map of World Religions
Attitudes toward stem cell research reflect in part religious and cultural experience. Public policy across the globe is wide ranging and fragmented, a result of conflicting scientific, ethical, and economic beliefs and interests.
Map © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Food for Thought
If the United States continues to restrict activity in the sector, it will slow down this global diffusion, but it cannot stop it. As it becomes increasingly isolated, it will discourage its young scientists and technicians from pursuing U.S. careers.
If, on the other hand, the U.S. engages … in an orderly regulatory framework harmonized with the rest of the world, it will encourage a more rapid international diffusion of the technology.
Substitute “European Union” for “United States”“The Global Diffusion of Plant Biotechnology,”Runge and Ryan, 2004
Technology Diffusion and Moral Barriers