Statutes Requiring the Use of Criminal History Record ... · Statutes Requiring the Use of Criminal...
76
U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics Criminal Justice Information Policy .I Statutes Requiring the Use of Criminal History Record ~nformation June W1, NCJ-1298%
Transcript of Statutes Requiring the Use of Criminal History Record ... · Statutes Requiring the Use of Criminal...
U.S
. D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice
Off
ice
of J
ustic
e Pr
ogra
ms
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e St
atist
ics
Cri
min
al J
ustic
e In
form
atio
n Po
licy.I
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
R
ecor
d ~n
form
atio
n
June
W1,NCJ-1298%
U.S.
Dep
artm
ent
of J
usti
ce
Off
ice
of J
ustic
e Pr
ogra
ms
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e St
atis
tics
Stev
en D
. Dill
ingh
am, P
h.D
. D
irec
tor
Ack
now
ledg
men
ts.
Thi
s re
port
was
pre
pare
d by
SE
AR
CH
G
roup
, Inc
., G
ary
L. B
ush,
Cha
irm
an, a
nd G
ary
R.
Coo
per,
E
xecu
tive
Dir
ecto
r. T
he p
roje
ct d
irec
tor w
as S
heila
J. B
arto
n,
Dir
ecto
r, L
aw a
nd P
olic
y Pr
ogra
m. T
his r
epor
t was
pre
pare
d by
Pa
ul L
. Woo
dard
, Sen
ior C
ouns
el. T
he fe
dera
l pro
ject
mon
itor w
as
Car
ol G
. Kap
lan,
Chi
ef, F
eder
al S
tatis
tics
and
Info
rmat
ion
Polic
y B
ranc
h, B
urea
u of
Jus
tice
Stat
istic
s.
Rep
ort o
f w
ork
perf
orm
ed u
nder
BJS
Gra
nt N
o. 8
7-B
J-C
X-K
079,
aw
arde
d to
SE
AR
CH
Gro
up, I
nc.,
73 11
Gre
enha
ven
Dri
ve, S
uite
14
5, S
acra
men
to, C
alif
orni
a 95
831.
Con
tent
s of
this
doc
umen
t do
not n
eces
sari
ly re
flec
t the
vie
ws,
pol
icie
s or l
egal
ana
lyse
s of
the
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e St
atis
tics o
r the
U.S.D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice.
Su
mm
arie
s and
par
aphr
asin
gs o
f leg
al p
rovi
sion
s ar
e th
ose
of th
e au
thor
.
Cop
yrig
ht O
SE
AR
CH
Gro
up, I
nc.
1991
The
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Ju
stic
e au
thor
izes
any
per
son
to re
prod
uce,
pu
blis
h, tr
ansl
ate
or o
ther
wis
e us
e al
l or a
ny p
art o
f th
e co
pyri
ghte
d m
ater
ial i
n th
is p
ublic
atio
n w
ith th
e ex
cept
ion
of th
ose
item
s in
dica
ting
that
they
are
cop
yrig
hted
or r
epri
nted
by
any
sour
ce o
ther
th
an S
EA
RC
H G
roup
, Inc
.
The
Ass
ista
nt A
ttorn
ey G
ener
al, O
ffic
e of
Jus
tice
Prog
ram
s,
coor
dina
tes t
he a
ctiv
ities
of t
he fo
llow
ing
prog
ram
off
ices
and
bu
reau
s: t
he B
urea
u of
Jus
tice
Stat
istic
s, N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of
Just
ice,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e A
ssis
tanc
e, O
ffic
e of
Juv
enile
Jus
tice
and
Del
inqu
ency
Pre
vent
ion,
and
the
Off
ice
for V
ictim
s of
Cri
me.
Tabl
e of
Con
tent
s
intr
oduc
tion
1
Ove
rvie
w
1
Stru
ctur
e and
Con
tent
2
Ta
ble
1 Su
mm
ary
of s
tate
stat
utes
requ
iring
the
use
of c
rimin
al h
isto
ry re
cord
in
form
atio
n by
sta
te an
d ca
tego
ry
3
Par
t I: B
ail D
ecis
ions
5
Ta
ble2
St
atut
es re
quiri
ng o
r per
mitt
ing
prio
r crim
inal
reco
rds t
o be
con
side
red
in
bai
l dec
isio
ns 7
Par
t ii:
Sen
tenc
ing
11
Upg
rade
d C
harg
es
1 1
Enha
nced
Sen
tenc
es
12
Hab
itual
Off
ende
rs
13
Prob
atio
n E
ligib
ility
14
Pr
esen
tenc
e Rep
orts
15
T
able
3
Stat
utes
pro
vidi
ng fo
r upg
rade
d ch
arge
s for
off
ende
rs w
ith p
rior
conv
ictio
ns
17
Tabl
e 4
Stat
utes
pro
vidi
ng fo
r enh
ance
d se
nten
ces f
or o
ffen
ders
with
prio
r co
nvic
tions
24
T
able
5
Stat
utes
auth
oriz
ing
sent
enci
ng of
pen
iste
nt re
cidi
vist
s to
enha
nced
te
rms
as c
aree
r crim
inal
s or h
abitu
al c
rimin
als
36
Tab
le 6
St
atut
es th
at re
quire
or p
erm
it co
nsid
erat
ion
of p
rior c
rimin
al h
isto
ry
in d
ecis
ions
conc
erni
ng p
roba
tion
42
Tab
le 7
St
atut
es au
thor
izin
g pr
esen
tenc
e rep
orts
that
sha
ll or
may
incl
ude p
rior
conv
ictio
ns 4
7
Par
t Ill:
Co
rrec
tion
al C
iass
iflca
tions
51
T
able
8
Stat
utes
auth
oriz
ing
cons
ider
atio
n of
crim
inal
his
tory
in c
orre
ctio
nal
clas
sific
atio
n an
d su
perv
isio
n 52
Par
t IV
: Par
ole
Eiig
iblli
ty
55
Tab
le 9
St
atut
es pr
ovid
ing
that
par
ole
elig
ibili
ty sh
all o
r may
be
affe
cted
by
pr
ior c
onvi
ctio
ns
57
Par
t V:
Pos
sess
ion
of F
irea
rms
by C
onvi
cted
Fel
ons
63
Tab
le 1
0 S
tatu
tes m
akin
g po
sses
sion
of
a fir
earm
by
a co
nvic
ted
felo
n a
cr
imin
al o
ffen
se
64
Par
t Vi:
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d D
atab
ases
67
App
endl
x Lis
t of O
ffic
ial C
ode
Com
pila
tions
to W
hich
Cita
tions
Ref
er 7
1
Intr
od
uct
ion
Ove
rvie
w
Thi
s rep
ort c
ompi
les a
nd d
escr
ibes
Fe
dera
l and
Sta
te la
ws1
dea
ling
with
cr
imes
and
crim
inal
proc
edur
es th
at
requ
ire fo
r the
ir im
plem
enta
tion
in-
form
atio
n ab
out a
n of
fend
er's
past
cr
imin
al in
volv
emen
t. In
clud
ed are
prov
isio
ns d
ealin
g w
ith p
osse
ssio
n of
fir
earm
s or o
ther
dea
dly
wea
pons
by
conv
icte
d fe
lons
, rel
ease
of a
rres
ted
pers
ons o
n ba
il, c
harg
ing
and
sent
enc-
in
g of
off
ende
rs, c
orre
ctio
nal c
lass
ifi-
catio
n of
sen
tenc
ed o
ffen
ders
and
the
rele
ase
of o
ffen
ders
on p
roba
tion
or
paro
le.
All
of t
he la
ws
liste
d in
the
10ta
bles
in th
e re
port
expr
essl
y re
fer
to c
rimin
al h
isto
ry re
cord
info
rmat
ion
as a
requ
ired
or p
erm
issi
ble b
asis
for
deci
sion
mak
ing.
All
of t
hem
eith
er
prov
ide
that
suc
h in
form
atio
n sh
all o
r m
ay b
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
par
ticul
ar
offic
ials
for p
artic
ular
crim
inal
just
ice
purp
oses
or r
equi
re th
at p
ast c
rimin
al
cond
uct s
hall
or m
ay b
e co
nsid
ered
in
mak
ing
parti
cula
r dec
isio
ns a
ffec
ting
offe
nder
s. A
s T
able
1sh
ows,
all
of t
he
Stat
es an
d th
e Fe
dera
l gov
ernm
ent
have
at l
east
sev
eral
law
s th
at re
quire
de
sign
ated
crim
inal
just
ice
prac
titio
n-
ers
to c
onsi
der p
ast c
rimin
al re
cord
s in
car
ryin
g ou
t the
ir du
ties a
nd m
any
Stat
es h
ave
one
or m
ore
prov
isio
ns of
ev
ery
type
of
stat
ute d
iscu
ssed
in th
is
repo
rt. T
his e
xten
sive
body
of
law
s em
phat
ical
ly d
emon
stra
tes t
he e
xten
t to
whi
ch th
e ef
fect
ive
oper
atio
n of
the
crim
inal
just
ice
syste
m d
epen
ds u
pon
the
timel
y av
aila
bilit
y of
acc
urat
e and
co
mpl
ete
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
pas
t
lThe
tabl
es a
nd n
arra
tive
also
ref
er to
st
ate
cons
titut
iona
l pr
ovis
ions
and
co
urt r
ules
. In
the
narr
ativ
e, th
ese
prov
isio
ns a
re i
nclu
ded
in th
e te
rms
"sta
tute
s," "
law
s" o
r "l
egal
pr
ovis
ions
."
crim
inal
invo
lvem
ent o
f per
sons
pro
- ce
ssed
thro
ugh
the
syst
em.
From
the
in
itial
pol
ice
enco
unte
r with
law
- br
eake
rs o
r sus
pect
s to
the
final
dec
i- si
on b
y co
rrec
tions
off
icia
ls to
rele
ase
sent
ence
d of
fend
ers f
rom
supe
rvis
ion,
th
e cr
imin
al h
isto
ry re
cord
, mor
e th
an
any
othe
r doc
umen
t, is
the
foun
datio
n fo
r crim
inal
just
ice
deci
sion
mak
ing.
In
ord
er to
pro
perly
impl
emen
t the
st
atut
es co
llect
ed in
this
repo
rt, p
o-
lice,
pro
secu
tors
, judg
es a
nd c
orre
c-
tions
off
icia
ls m
ust b
e ab
le to
det
er-
min
e, a
ccur
atel
y an
d in
a ti
mel
y m
anne
r, no
t onl
y w
heth
er p
artic
ular
in
divi
dual
s hav
e pr
ior r
ecor
ds, b
ut
also
the
exte
nt a
nd n
atur
e of
prio
r cr
imin
al in
volv
emen
t, in
clud
ing
such
m
atte
rs a
s whe
ther
arr
este
d in
divi
dual
s w
ere
char
ged,
pros
ecut
ed a
nd c
on-
vict
ed, w
hat t
he c
onvi
ctio
n of
fens
e w
as; w
heth
er it
was
a fe
lony
; whe
ther
it
invo
lved
vio
lenc
e or
the
use
of a
w
eapo
n; w
heth
er th
e in
divi
dual
was
on
bai
l, pr
obat
ion
or p
arol
e at
the
time
of t
he o
ffen
se o
r has
a h
isto
ry o
f vi
olat
ion
of r
elea
se c
ondi
tions
; w
heth
er a
sent
ence
of i
mpr
ison
men
t w
as im
pose
d an
d se
rved
, and
whe
ther
th
e in
divi
dual
rem
aine
d free o
f crim
i- na
l inv
olve
men
t for
spec
itled
perio
ds
of ti
me
betw
een
offe
nses
. T
he re
port seeks
to re
-em
phas
ize
the
impo
rtanc
e of c
ompl
ete
and
accu
rate
crim
inal
his
tory
reco
rds t
o th
e cr
imin
al ju
stic
e pr
actit
ione
rs w
ho
use
and
cont
ribut
e to
the
natio
n's
Stat
e and
Fed
eral
crim
inal
reco
rd
data
base
s, as
wel
l as
to th
e po
licym
aker
s who
con
ceiv
e and
ena
ct
law
s su
ch a
s th
ose
com
pile
d he
re th
at
depe
nd fo
r eff
ectiv
e im
plem
enta
tion
upon
the
read
y av
aila
bilit
y of
acc
urat
e an
d co
mpl
ete
crim
inal
his
tory
reco
rds.
Stud
ies a
nd s
urve
ys h
ave
sugg
este
d th
at as
man
y as
two-
third
s of
the
persons
arre
sted
for c
rimin
al o
ffen
ses
have
prio
r crim
inal
reco
rds,
ofte
n in
clud
ing
offe
nses
in m
ore
than
one
St
ate
or ju
risdi
ctio
n. F
or e
xam
ple,
Fe
dera
l Bur
eau
of I
nves
tigat
ion
(FB
I)
offic
ials
est
imat
e tha
t of
all F
eder
al
and
Stat
earrest
finge
rprin
t car
ds
proc
esse
d by
its
Iden
tSca
tion
Div
isio
n (w
hich
incl
udes
su
bmis
sion
s for
mos
t of
the
arre
sts
in
the
coun
try fo
r ser
ious
off
ense
s), t
wo-
th
irds
of t
he a
rres
t sub
ject
s are
dete
rmin
ed to
hav
e pr
ior a
rres
ts.
Furth
er, o
f th
e cr
imin
al s
ubje
cts i
n th
e FB
I's a
utom
ated
file
s of
Stat
e an
d Fe
dera
l off
ende
rs, a
n es
timat
ed 2
5 to
30
per
cent
are
mul
ti-st
ate
offe
nder
s;
that
is, t
hey
have
arr
ests
in m
ore
than
on
e St
ate o
r hav
e bo
th F
eder
al a
nd
Sta
te a
rres
ts?
As
the
anal
ysis
set
out i
n su
bseq
uent
sec
tions
of
this
re
port
dem
onst
rate
s, p
rior c
rimin
al
invo
lvem
ent s
houl
d in
fluen
ce th
e m
anne
r in
whi
ch in
divi
dual
s are
pr
oces
sed
thro
ugh
the
crim
inal
just
ice
syst
em, w
ith re
gard
to s
uch
mat
ters
as e
ligib
ility
for b
ail,
prob
atio
n or
pa
role
, pro
secu
tion
and
sent
enci
ng as
re
peat
or h
abitu
al o
ffen
ders
, and
el
igib
ility
for p
artic
ular
corr
ectio
nal
prog
ram
s or i
ncar
cera
tion
in
min
imum
or
max
imum
sec
urity
fa
cilit
ies.
Cle
arly
, if a
ccur
ate a
nd
curr
ent i
nfor
mat
ion
abou
t an
offe
nder
's pr
ior c
rimin
al re
cord
is n
ot
avai
labl
e in
a ti
mel
y m
anne
r, th
e ef
fect
ive e
nfor
cem
ent o
f m
any
of t
he
law
s cat
alog
ued
in th
is re
port
is
serio
usly
com
prom
ised
.
Est
imat
es p
rovi
ded
by M
r. W
illia
m
H. G
arvi
e, S
ecti
on C
hief
, Aut
omat
ed
Fing
erpr
int
Pro
cess
ing
Sect
ion,
Id
entif
icat
ion
Div
isio
n, F
eder
al B
urea
u of
Inv
estig
atio
n. S
ee P
art
VI
for
a de
scri
ptio
n of
Fed
eral
and
Sta
te c
rim
inal
re
cord
dat
abas
es.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Str
uctu
re a
nd C
onte
nt
In Part
I, th
e re
port
lists
and
di
scus
sesF
eder
al a
nd S
tate
lega
l pr
ovis
ions
that
exp
ress
ly re
quire
or
perm
it co
nsid
erat
ion
of a
n ar
rest
ed
pers
on's
prio
r crim
inal
reco
rd in
de
cidi
ng w
heth
er a
nd u
nder
wha
t co
nditi
ons t
o re
leas
e th
e pe
rson
on
bail.
The
pro
visi
ons a
re li
sted
in
Tab
le 2
. Part I
1 di
scus
ses s
tatu
tes t
hat e
x-
pres
sly
requ
ire o
r aut
horiz
e cou
rts
and,
in s
ome
case
s, p
rose
cuto
rs, t
o co
nsid
er a
def
enda
nt's
prio
r crim
inal
re
cord
in c
harg
ing
or s
ente
ncin
g th
e pe
rson
. T
he ty
pes
of s
ente
ncin
g st
atut
es li
sted
and
ana
lyze
d in
clud
e th
ose
prov
idin
g fo
r crim
inal
cha
rges
to
be
upgr
aded
bas
ed u
pon
prio
r of-
fe
nses
(Tab
le 3
); th
ose
prov
idin
g fo
r en
hanc
ed se
nten
ces f
or p
erso
ns w
ith
prio
r co
nvic
tions
(Tab
le 4
); a
nd th
ose
prov
idin
g fo
r the
sen
tenc
ing
of p
er-
sons
as c
aree
r or h
abitu
al o
ffen
ders
(T
able
5).
Part
I1 a
lso
sets
out
and
di
scus
ses l
aws
that
requ
ire o
r aut
ho-
rize
cons
ider
atio
n of
a d
efen
dant
's pr
ior
crim
inal
reco
rd in
mak
ing
pro-
ba
tion
deci
sion
s (T
able
6)a
nd la
ws
and
cour
t rul
es th
at re
quire
or a
utho
-riz
e th
e pr
epar
atio
n of
pre
sent
ence
re
ports
that
mus
t or
may
con
tain
in
form
atio
n ab
out t
he s
ubje
ct's
prio
r cr
imin
al re
cord
(Tab
le 7
). Part I
11 li
sts a
nd a
naly
zes s
tatu
tes
that
exp
ress
ly re
quire
or a
utho
rize
corr
ectio
nal o
ffic
ials
to c
onsi
der a
n in
mat
e's
prio
r crim
inal
reco
rd w
hen
mak
ing
clas
sific
atio
n de
cisi
ons
conc
erni
ng s
uch
thin
gs a
s se
curit
y an
d in
stitu
tiona
l pro
gram
ass
ignm
ent
(Tab
le 8
).
Part I
V li
sts
and
anal
yzes
sta
tute
s th
at e
xpre
ssly
requ
ire o
r aut
horiz
e pa
role
boa
rds
to c
onsi
der a
n in
mat
e's
prio
r crim
inal
reco
rd in
de
term
inat
ions
rega
rdin
g re
leas
e on
pa
role
or
that
pro
hibi
t or l
imit
paro
le
elig
ibili
ty b
ecau
se o
f pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns (T
able
9).
In
Par
t V, t
he re
port
lists
and
di
scus
ses F
eder
al a
nd S
tate
law
s tha
t m
ake
owne
rshi
p or
pos
sess
ion
of a
f
i,
or o
ther
dea
dly
wea
pon,
by
a pe
rson
who
has
pre
viou
sly
been
co
nvic
ted
of a
felo
ny, a
crim
inal
of
fens
e (T
able
lo).
Part V
I brie
fly d
escr
ibes
the
Stat
e an
d Fe
dera
l cri
min
al h
isto
ry d
atab
ases
th
at a
re a
vaila
ble t
o cr
imin
al ju
stic
e pr
actit
ione
rs w
ho m
ust i
mpl
emen
t th
e la
ws
set o
ut in
thi
s re
port,
id
entif
ies s
ome
of t
he p
robl
ems t
hat
detra
ct fr
om the
accu
racy
and
co
mpl
eten
ess o
f th
ese
data
base
s an
d br
iefly
sum
mar
izes
stra
tegi
es th
at c
an
impr
ove t
he q
ualit
y an
d re
ady
avai
labi
lity
of t
he re
cord
s mai
ntai
ned
in t
hem
. T
he c
itatio
ns in
the
tabl
es re
fer t
o th
e of
ficia
l Fed
eral
and
Sta
te co
de
com
pila
tions
(lis
ted
in t
he A
ppen
dix)
w
here
the
refe
renc
ed p
rovi
sion
s are
set
out.
The
sta
tute
s are
cite
d by
titl
e an
d se
ctio
n nu
mbe
r or,
for a
few
St
ates
, by
artic
le o
r cha
pter
num
ber
and
sect
ion
or p
arag
raph
num
ber.
In
a fe
w c
ases
, the
cita
tions
refe
r to
parti
cula
r cod
es w
ithin
the
Stat
e's
code
stru
ctur
e, su
ch a
s the
Pen
al
Cod
e, th
e C
ode
of C
rimin
al P
roce
dure
or
the
Exe
cutiv
e Cod
e. T
hese
are
indi
cate
d by
app
ropr
iate
ab
brev
iatio
ns.
The
cita
tions
shou
ld
enab
le re
ader
s to
easi
ly lo
cate
the
stat
utes
des
crib
ed,
Fifty
-fou
r jur
isdi
ctio
ns a
re
exam
ined
in th
is re
port:
fift
y st
ates
, th
e D
istri
ct o
f C
olum
bia,
the
Com
mon
wea
lth o
f Pu
erto
Rim
, the
U
.S.
Virg
in I
slan
ds a
nd th
e U
nite
d St
ates
gov
ernm
ent.
The
stu
dy
met
hodo
logy
incl
uded
a s
urve
y of
cr
imin
al ju
stic
e of
ficia
ls th
roug
hout
th
e co
untry
and
ext
ensi
ve li
brar
y re
sear
ch th
at w
as c
oncl
uded
in
Oct
ober
199
0. E
very
eff
ort h
as b
een
mad
e to
ens
ure
that
the
tabl
es are
accu
rate
and
com
plet
e. G
iven
the
brea
dth
of th
e su
bjec
t mat
ter a
nd th
e sh
eer v
olum
e of
sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
s en
com
pass
ed, h
owev
er, i
t is
poss
ible
th
at s
ome
info
rmat
ion,
par
ticul
arly
w
ith re
spec
t to
prov
isio
ns d
ealin
g w
ith n
onse
rious
off
en&
, m
ay b
e m
issi
ng fr
om s
ome
of t
he t
able
s.
The
tabl
es d
o no
t ref
lect
sta
tuto
ry
enac
tmen
tsor
amen
dmen
ts o
ccur
ring
afte
r Oct
ober
199
0. E
xcep
t whe
re
mat
eria
l is e
nclo
sed
in q
uota
tion
mar
ks, t
he s
tatu
te d
escr
iptio
ns se
t out
in
the
tabl
es an
d in
the
narr
ativ
e ar
e su
mm
arie
s or p
arap
hras
es o
f th
e st
atut
ory
lang
uage
. The
se su
mm
arie
s an
d pa
raph
rasi
ngs are th
ose
of t
he
auth
or of
the
repo
rt an
d sh
ould
not
be
attri
bute
d to
the
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e St
atis
tics o
r th
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 1
Su
nwna
ry o
f st
atut
es r
equl
rlng
the
use
of c
rlm
lnal
hls
tory
reco
rd ln
form
atlo
n
by ju
rlsdl
ctlo
n an
d ca
tego
ry
("X
in
dica
tes
that
th
e ju
risd
ictio
n ha
s on
e or
mor
e st
atut
ory
prov
isio
ns
of t
he
cate
gory
ind
icat
ed.)
Juri
sdic
tion
Fir
rrm
s
Bai
l O
ff
e~
S
ente
n-H
abitu
al
Pro
bat
ion
P
rre
nte
nc
e
Co
rrec
tio
nal
P
arol
e u
pg
rad
e en
hanc
emen
t cr
imin
als
rep
ort
s cl
assi
ficat
ion
Uni
ted
Stat
es
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ala
bam
a X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ala
ska
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ari
zona
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Arkansas
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Cal
iforn
ia
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Col
orad
o X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Con
nect
icut
X
X
X
X
X
X
Del
awar
e X
X
X
X
X
X
Dis
tric
t of
X
X
X
X
X
Col
umbi
a
Flor
ida
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Geo
rgia
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Haw
aii
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Idah
o X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Illi
nois
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Indi
ana
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Iow
a X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Kan
sas
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ken
tuck
y X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Lou
isia
na
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Mai
ne
X
X
X
X
X
X
Mar
ylan
d X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Mas
sach
uset
ts
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Min
neso
ta
Mis
siss
ippi
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Mis
sour
i X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Mon
tana
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Neb
rask
a X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Nev
ada
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
New
Ham
pshi
re
X
X
X
X
New
Jer
sey
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
New
Mex
iw
X
X
X
X
X
X
New
Yor
k X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Nor
th C
arol
ina
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Nor
th D
akot
a X
X
X
-X
-
X
X
X
X
Ohi
o X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Okl
ahom
a X
X
X
X
X
X
Ore
gon
X
X
X
X
X
X
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
m'n
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
1
3
.
Tabl
e 1
(con
t.)
Sum
mar
y of
sta
tute
s re
quiri
ng th
e us
e of
cri
min
al h
isto
ry r
ecor
d in
form
atio
n
by ju
risdi
ctio
n an
d ca
tego
ry
("X i
ndic
ates
th
at
the
juri
sdic
tion
has
one
or m
ore
stat
utor
y pr
ovis
ions
of
the
ca
tego
ry i
ndic
ated
.)
Juri
sdic
tio
n
Fir
oan
nr
Bai
l O
ffens
e S
ente
nce
H
abitu
al
Pro
bat
ion
P
rese
nto
nce
C
orr
ecti
on
al
Par
ole
u
pg
rad
e en
hanc
emen
t cr
imin
als
rep
ort
s cl
assi
ficat
ion
Pen
nsyl
vani
a X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Puer
to R
ico
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Rho
de I
sland
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Sout
h C
arol
ina
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Sout
h D
akot
a X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ten
ness
ee
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Tex
as
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Uta
h X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ver
mon
t X
X
X
X
X
X
Vir
gin
Isla
nds
X
X
X
X
Vir
gini
a X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Was
hing
ton
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Wis
cons
in
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Wyo
min
g X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Tab
le 1
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
4
Par
t I: B
ail C
)eci
sion
s
As
Tab
le 2
illu
stra
tes,
all
but
thre
e of
the
54
juri
sdic
tions
(Id
aho,
New
H
amps
hire
and
Okl
ahom
a) h
ave
stat
utes
, con
stitu
tiona
l pro
visi
ons
or
cour
t rul
es e
xplic
itly
requ
irin
g or
pe
rmitt
ing
the
cons
ider
atio
n of
an
I ar
rest
edpe
rson
's pr
ior
crim
inal
reco
rd
in d
ecid
ing
whe
ther
, and
und
er w
hat
cond
ition
s, to
rel
ease
the
pers
on o
n ba
il pe
ndin
g tr
ial o
r app
eal.
It is
pr
obab
le th
at a
pri
or c
rim
inal
reco
rd
may
pro
perl
y be
con
side
red
in m
akin
g ba
il de
cisi
ons
even
in th
ese three
Sta
tes,
but
no
expr
ess l
egal
man
date
re
ferr
ing
to th
e us
e of
pri
or c
rim
inal
re
cord
s is
foun
d in
the
ir la
ws.
M
ost o
f th
e S
tate
law
s an
d co
nsti-
tu
tiona
l pro
visi
ons
liste
d in
Tab
le 2
pr
ovid
e th
at m
ted
pers
ons
char
ged
with
non
capi
tal o
ffen
ses
(with
des
ig-
nate
d ex
cept
ions
in s
ome
Sta
tes)
shal
l be
adm
itted
to b
ail i
f a
judi
cial
off
icer
de
term
ines
that
the
per
sons
will
ap-
pear
for trial
or a
s ot
herw
ise
dire
cted
. I
In d
ecid
ing
whe
ther
to re
quir
e m
oney
bo
nd o
r im
pose
rele
ase
cond
ition
s to
as
sure
such
app
eara
nce,
the
judi
cial
of
fici
al is
requ
ired
or p
erm
itted
to ta
ke
I in
to c
onsi
dera
tion,
am
ong
othe
r fac
- to
rs, t
he e
xist
ence
and
nat
ure
of a
I
prio
r cr
imin
al re
cord
. In
man
y ju
ris-
di
ctio
ns, t
he c
ourt
is a
lso
perm
itted
to
cons
ider
whe
ther
the
indi
vidu
al w
ill
I po
se a
dan
ger t
o th
e co
mm
unity
or
will
eng
age
in f
urth
er c
rim
inal
con
- du
ct if
rel
ease
d an
d is
per
mitt
ed o
r re-
quire
d to
con
side
r the
indi
vidu
al's
prio
r cri
min
al re
cord
, if
any,
in m
ak-
ing
that
det
erm
inat
ion?
I
See
Publ
ic D
ange
r as
a F
acto
r in
P
retr
ial R
elea
se, D
iges
t of
Sta
te L
aus,
A
pril
1985
, ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e N
atio
nal
Inst
itute
of
Just
ice,
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Ju
stic
e, W
ashi
ngto
n, D.C.
2053
1.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Fede
ral b
ail p
ro-
visi
on c
ited
in T
able
2 a
utho
rize
s Fe
dera
l jud
icia
l of
fice
rs to
con
side
r an
arre
sted
per
son'
s pr
ior c
rim
inal
reco
rd
in d
ecid
ing
whe
ther
the
pers
on w
ill
appe
ar fo
r ttia
l if r
elea
sed
or w
ill p
ose
a da
nger
to a
ny p
erso
n or
to th
e co
mm
unity
. If
the
judi
cial
off
icer
de-
te
rmin
es th
at th
e pe
rson
may
not
ap-
pear if
rel
ease
d un
cond
ition
ally
or
may
pos
e a
dang
er to
the
com
mun
ity,
the
offi
cer m
ay im
pose
des
igna
ted
re-
leas
e co
nditi
ons,
incl
udin
g th
e re
- qu
irem
ent o
f a
seco
nd b
ailb
ond.
If
the
offi
cer d
eter
min
es th
at n
o re
leas
e co
nditi
on o
r com
bina
tion
of r
elea
se
cond
ition
s w
ill a
ssur
e th
e pe
rson
's a
m
and
prot
ect a
gain
st d
ange
r to
the
com
mun
ity, h
e m
ay o
rder
the
pers
on d
etai
ned
pend
ing
tria
l. In
suc
h de
term
inat
ions
, reb
utta
ble
pres
ump-
tio
n of
dan
ger t
o th
e co
mm
unity
ex-
is
ts if
the
per
son
has
been
con
vict
ed
of a
des
igna
ted
serio
us F
eder
al o
r S
tate
off
ense
com
mitt
ed w
hile
on
pre-
tr
ial r
elea
se w
ithin
the
past
fiv
e ye
ars.
H
awai
i law
sim
ilarl
y pe
rmits
con
- si
dera
tion
of d
ange
r to
the
com
mun
ity
and
esta
blis
hes a
rebu
ttabl
e pr
esw
np
tion
of d
ange
r if
the
pers
on h
as b
een
conv
icte
d of
a v
iole
nt o
ffen
se w
ithin
th
e pr
eced
ing
10ye
ars.
Law
s in
Il
linoi
s, S
outh
Car
olin
a an
d th
e D
istr
ict o
f C
olum
bia,
am
ong
othe
rs,
also
per
mit
cons
ider
atio
n of
dan
ger t
o th
e co
mm
unity
as
wel
l as
the
likel
ihoo
d of
app
eara
nce
and
perm
it ju
dici
al o
ffic
ials
to c
onsi
der p
rior
co
nvic
tions
in m
akin
g th
ose
dete
rmin
atio
ns.
In a
ll of
the
se s
tate
s an
d th
e ot
hers
list
ed in
Tab
le 2
, ju
dici
al o
ffic
ials
nee
d ea
rly
acce
ss to
arr
este
d pe
rson
s' pr
ior
reco
rds a
nd n
eed
to k
now
the
natu
re o
f pr
ior o
ffen
ses i
n or
der t
o m
ake
in-
form
ed re
leas
e de
cisi
ons a
s env
isio
ned
by t
he s
tatu
tes.
In
add
ition
, man
y S
tate
s hav
e st
atut
ory
or c
onst
itutio
nal p
rovi
sion
s de
nyin
g ba
il to
cer
tain
per
sons
with
pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns o
r w
ith a
his
tory
of
failu
re to
app
ear o
r vi
olat
ion
of
rele
ase
cond
ition
s. F
or e
xam
ple,
M
assa
chus
etts
law
per
mits
the
deni
al
of b
ail i
f th
e pe
rson
was
on
bail
or
unde
r so
me o
ther
form
of
supe
rvis
ion
whe
n a
rre
st. M
aryl
and
law
per
mits
de
nial
of
bail
for p
erso
ns c
harg
ed w
ith
desi
gnat
ed o
ffen
ses i
f th
ey w
ere
on
bail
whe
n ar
rest
ed o
r if
they
hav
e pr
evio
usly
bee
n co
nvic
ted
of c
erta
in
desi
gnat
ed o
ffen
ses.
In
New
Jer
sey,
ba
il can
be
deni
ed if
the
pers
on w
as
on p
roba
tion
or u
nder
a s
uspe
nded
se
nten
ce w
hen
arre
sted
. A
co
nstit
utio
nal p
rovi
sion
in T
exas
re
quir
es d
enia
l of
bail
if a
pers
on is
ar
rest
ed fo
r a
felo
ny w
hile
on
bail,
is
arre
sted
for a
felo
ny in
volv
ing
the
use
of a
dea
dly
wea
pon
and
has a
pri
or
felo
ny re
cord
, or i
s ar
rest
ed fo
r any
of
fens
e an
d ha
s tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Wis
cons
in's
cons
titut
ion
perm
its d
enia
l of
bail
for
pers
ons
arre
sted
for v
iole
nt c
rim
es if
th
ey h
ave
prio
r co
nvic
tions
for
viol
ent c
rim
es.
Mic
higa
n's
cons
titut
ion
proh
ibits
rele
ase
on b
ail
of p
erso
ns w
ith t
wo
or m
ore
conv
ictio
ns fo
r vi
olen
t fel
onie
s w
ithin
the
prev
ious
15
year
s.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Fin
ally
, New
Yor
k la
w p
rohi
bits
re
leas
e on
bai
l of
pers
ons c
harg
ed
with
fel
onie
s w
ho h
ave
two
or m
ore
prev
ious
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
The
law
ad
ditio
nally
pro
vide
s th
at, e
xcep
t in
case
s of
emer
genc
y or
whe
n th
e co
urt
find
s it t
o be
unn
eces
sary
and
sta
tes
the
reas
ons
for t
he r
ecor
d, n
o pe
rson
ch
arge
d w
ith a
felo
ny m
ay b
e re
leas
ed
on b
ail u
nles
s th
e co
urt h
as b
een
furn
ishe
d w
ith a
cri
min
al h
isto
ry
reco
rd b
y th
e St
ate
repo
sito
ry o
r by
a po
lice
depa
rtmen
t. B
y pr
actic
e, th
ese
crim
inal
his
tory
reco
rds a
re re
quire
d to
be
fing
erpr
int-
base
d to
ensu
re p
ositi
ve
iden
tific
atio
n an
d to
avo
id n
ame
sear
ch p
robl
ems c
ause
d by
the
use
of
alia
ses.
In
orde
r to
prov
ide
crim
inal
re
cord
resp
onse
s in
time
for t
he
reco
rds t
o be
ava
ilabl
e fo
r ini
tial c
ourt
ap
pear
ance
s, N
ew Y
ork'
s S
rate
repo
sito
ry, t
he D
ivis
ion
of C
rim
inal
Ju
stic
e Se
rvic
es in
Alb
any,
rec
eive
s fa
csim
ile fi
nger
prin
ts tr
ansm
itted
by
mic
row
ave
or te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n lin
es fr
om p
olic
e de
part
men
ts in
New
Y
ork
City
and
oth
er la
rge
met
ropo
litan
are
as a
nd p
opul
atio
n ce
nter
s in
the
stat
e. T
he re
posi
tory
re
turn
s se
arch
resu
lts w
ithin
a fe
w
hour
s vi
a th
e S
tate
's au
tom
ated
law
en
forc
emen
t tel
ecom
mun
icat
ions
sy
stem
. Fe
w, i
f an
y, o
ther
sta
tes
have
pr
oced
ures
and
faci
litie
s for
mak
ing
finge
rprin
t-ver
ified
crim
inal
reco
rd
resp
onse
s av
aila
ble
in t
ime
for u
se in
in
itial
bai
l det
erm
inat
ions
, whi
ch
com
mon
ly o
ccur
with
in 2
4 ho
urs
afte
r arr
est.
The
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a ha
s a
bail
agen
cy c
harg
ed w
ith th
e re
spon
sibi
lity
of o
btai
ning
and
pr
ovid
ing
info
rmat
ion,
incl
udin
g cr
imin
al h
isto
ry re
cord
info
rmat
ion,
fo
r use
in b
ail d
eter
min
atio
ns.
Oth
er
juri
sdic
tions
use
par
ole
or p
roba
tion
agen
cies
for o
btai
ning
and
pro
vidi
ng
such
info
rmat
ion.
In
som
e ca
ses,
th
ese
agen
cies
may
hav
e th
e st
aff
and
faci
litie
s for
mak
ing
inqu
irie
s to
obta
in c
ompl
ete
and
accu
rate
in
form
atio
n co
ncer
ning
prio
r cr
imin
al
reco
rds.
In
mos
t cas
es, h
owev
er, t
he
only
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e in
tim
e fo
r in
itial
bai
l de
term
inat
ions
is a
cr
imin
al re
cord
tran
scrip
t rec
eive
d in
re
spon
seto
a n
ame
sear
ch o
f th
e St
ate'
s au
tom
ated
cri
min
al h
isto
ry
syst
em, i
f th
ere
is o
ne, a
nd w
hate
ver
info
rmat
ion
is p
rovi
ded
by t
he p
olic
e or
is k
now
n to
the
cour
t. Si
nce
nam
e se
arch
es a
re n
ot f
ully
relia
ble
and
ex-
istin
g cr
imin
al re
cord
file
s may
be
inac
cura
te a
nd in
com
plet
e, p
artic
u-
larly
with
res
pect
to d
ispo
sitio
n in
form
atio
n, a
pply
ing
the
bail
law
s of
a S
tate
may
be
very
dif
ficu
lt,
part
icul
arly
in th
ose
Stat
es w
here
st
atut
es o
r co
nstit
utio
nal p
rovi
sion
s de
ny o
r res
tric
t the
ava
ilabi
lity
of b
ail
for p
erso
ns w
ith d
esig
nate
d pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns. St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 2
St
atut
es*
requ
lrlng
or
perm
lttln
g pr
ior
crlm
lnal
reco
rds
to b
e co
nsld
ered
In b
all d
ecis
ions
(N
otr:
St
atas
whi
ch do
not h
ave
sfan
dtea
rrqu
irin
g or
pnn
im'n
g pr
ior
crim
inal
reco
rd8
to bc
co
~id
rmdin
ba
l &ci
aion
s pm
om
ittrd
from
the
tab
&.)
stat
e
cita
tion
I U
nite
d S
tate
s (F
eder
al)
18
USC
Q 3
142(
e)(1
); (
01;
(g)(
3)(A
)
I A
laba
ma
Rul
es J
udic
. Adm
in.,
R.
2
Rul
es C
rim
. Pr
oc.,
R.
7.2
Ala
ska
Ari
zona
Con
st.,
art. II,
5 2
2
Ark
ansa
s
Rul
e C
rim
. Pro
c.,
R.
9.2
Cal
ifor
nia
Pen.
Cod
e 5
1275
Col
orad
o 16
-4-1
01 e
t se
q.
Con
st.
art.
2, $
5 19
, 20
Con
nect
icut
Del
awar
e
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a
23-1
303
Flo
rida
90
3.04
6(2)
(d)
I
*Inc
ludi
ng c
onst
itutio
nal p
rovi
sion
s or c
ourt
rule
s.
I S
tatu
tory
pro
vlsl
on
Bai
l co
nsid
erat
ions
may
inc
lude
cri
min
al h
isto
ry a
nd r
ecor
d of
ap
pear
ance
; re
butt
able
pre
sum
ptio
n of
den
ial
of b
ail
if p
revi
ousl
y
conv
icte
d of
cri
me
of v
iole
nce
or e
num
erat
ed s
erio
us o
ffen
ses
or
com
bina
tion
of
offe
nses
.
Bai
l fa
ctor
s sh
all
incl
ude
evid
ence
of
prio
r co
nvic
tion
s.
Iprote
ct t
he p
ubli
c ba
sed
upon
, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, de
fend
ant's
pri
or
Cou
rts
may
im
pose
con
diti
ons
of r
elea
se to
sec
ure
appe
aran
ce o
r to
crim
inal
rec
ord.
Fac
tors
aff
ecti
ng c
ondi
tion
s of
rel
ease
sha
ll i
nclu
de t
he p
erso
n's
re
cord
of
conv
icti
ons
and
reco
rd o
f ap
pear
ance
.
Fact
ors
affe
ctin
g m
etho
d of
rel
ease
or
amou
nt o
f ba
il s
hall
incl
ude
pe
rson
's re
cord
of
arre
sts
and
conv
icti
ons
and
appe
aran
ce a
t co
urt
proc
eedi
ngs.
Pro
vide
s fo
r de
nial
of
bail
for
fel
ony
offe
nses
com
mit
ted
whi
le o
n ba
il
for
a pr
ior
felo
ny o
ffen
se.
Fac
tors
aff
ectin
g am
ount
of
bail
sha
ll i
nclu
de p
erso
n's
prio
r cr
imin
al
reco
rd a
nd h
isto
ry o
f re
spon
se to
leg
al p
roce
ss.
-.Bai
l fa
ctor
s sh
all
incl
ude
defe
ndan
t's p
revi
ous
crir
niia
l rec
ord.
Fact
ors
affe
ctin
g ba
it am
ount
or
deni
al o
f ba
il on
gro
unds
of
publ
ic
dang
er s
hall
incl
ude
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
and
rec
ord
of
appe
aran
ce.
Aut
hori
zes
deni
al o
f ba
il o
n gr
ound
s of
dan
gero
usne
ss fo
r pe
rson
s ch
arge
d w
ith c
rim
es o
f vi
olen
ce c
omm
itte
d w
hile
on
rele
ase,
par
ole
or
prob
atio
n or
who
hav
e sp
ecif
ied
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
.
Rel
ease
cri
teri
a sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
and
re
cord
of
appe
aran
ce. B
ail
com
mis
sion
er's
rep
ort
shal
l in
clud
e
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Bai
l fac
tors
sha
ll in
clud
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
reco
rd a
nd re
cord
of
app
eara
nce.
Bai
l age
ncy
repo
rt to
jud
icia
l of
fice
r sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's p
rior
cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Judi
cial
bai
l de
term
inat
ions
reg
ardi
ng i
mpo
siti
on o
f re
leas
e
cond
itio
ns s
hall
be
base
d up
on,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
defe
ndan
t's
reco
rd o
f co
nvic
tion
s an
d re
cord
of
appe
aran
ce.
Aut
hori
zes p
retr
ial
dete
ntio
n to
pro
tect
pub
lic
base
d up
on,
amon
g
othe
r th
ings
, de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Bai
l fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's r
ecor
d of
con
vict
ions
and
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e. P
rior
rec
ord
of f
ailu
re to
app
ear
rend
ers
defe
ndan
t in
elig
ible
for
som
e ty
pes
of b
ond.
Aut
hori
zes
pret
rial
det
enti
on t
o pr
otec
t pu
blic
, ba
sed
upon
, am
ong
ot
her
fact
ors,
spe
cifi
ed p
revi
ous
conv
icti
ons,
pre
viou
s vi
olat
ions
of
rele
ase,
or
com
mis
sion
of
a da
nger
ous
crim
e w
hile
on
pro
bati
on,
paro
le o
r re
leas
e.
Pro
hibi
ts b
ail,
exce
pt u
pon
orde
r of
Sup
erio
r C
ourt
, of
per
sons
cha
rged
w
ith e
num
erat
ed s
erio
us f
elon
ies
who
hav
e pr
evio
usly
bee
n co
nvic
ted
of s
uch
a fe
lony
or
who
com
mit
ted
the
new
off
ense
whi
le o
n pr
obat
ion,
g
aro
le o
r ba
il f
or s
uch
a fe
lony
.
Stat
utes
Req
uirin
g th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Tab
le 2
Tabi
e 2
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s* r
equi
ring
or
perm
ittin
g pr
ior
crim
inai
rec
ords
to b
e co
nsld
ered
in b
all d
ecis
ions
(N
ou
: S
tate
s w
hich
do
no
t ha
ve s
tatu
fm r
equi
ring
or p
erm
ittin
g p
rio
r cr
imin
al r
ecor
dr to
be
com
ider
ed in
bai
l dec
irio
ruam o
mitt
edfr
om
the
tabk
.)
Sta
te
I C
itatio
n I
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
rcra
ctot
y p
rovi
aio
m a
re W
lL
do
rp(p
aph
med
.)I
I H
awai
i 80
4.3
R
ebut
tabl
e pr
esum
ptio
n of
dan
ger
to c
omm
unity
(an
d de
nial
of
bail)
if
defe
ndan
t has
been
conv
icte
d of
a c
rim
e of
vio
lenc
e du
ring
pre
viou
s 10
ye
ars,
or
if de
fend
ant w
as o
n ba
il, p
roba
tion
or p
arol
e fo
r a
viol
ent
felo
ny c
harg
e at
tim
e of
arr
est.
Illi
nois
38
-1 1
0-5(
a)
Bai
l fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd
delin
quen
cy a
djud
icat
ions
, and
w
heth
er d
efen
dant
is a
lrea
dy o
n ba
il or
un
der
supe
rvis
ion.
Indi
ana
35-3
3-8-
4
Fact
ors
rele
vant
to r
elea
se o
n ba
il (a
nd b
ail
amou
nt)
shal
l inc
lude
de
fend
ant's
cri
min
al o
r ju
veni
le r
ecor
d an
d re
cord
of
non-
appe
aran
ce.
Iow
a 81
1.2
B
ail c
onsi
dera
tions
sha
ll in
clud
e de
fend
ant's
rec
ord
of c
onvi
ctio
ns a
nd
reco
rd o
f ap
pear
ance
or
flig
ht.
Kan
sas
22-2
802(
4)
Pre
~ia
lbail
cons
ider
atio
ns s
hall
incl
ude
defe
ndan
t's r
ecor
d of
co
nvic
tions
and
app
eara
nce
or n
on-a
ppea
ranc
e or
flig
ht,
and
whe
ther
de
fend
ant i
s on
par
ole.
Ken
tuck
y 43
1.5
25
Am
ount
of
bail
shal
l be
cons
ider
ate
of t
he p
ast c
rim
inal
act
s of
the
de
fend
ant.
Cod
e C
rirn
. Roc
., ar
t. 31
7 Fa
ctor
s in
det
erm
inin
g am
ount
of
bail
shal
l inc
lude
the
defe
ndan
t's
prev
ious
cri
min
al r
ecor
d.
Art
. 31
7.1
Mag
istr
ate
setti
ng b
ail
may
app
ly t
o ju
veni
le c
ourt
for
def
enda
nt's
juve
nile
abs
trac
t.
Mai
ne
15-1
026.
4
Pre
tria
l ba
ilset
ting
offi
cial
sha
ll c
onsi
der
defe
ndan
t's c
rim
inal
rec
ord
and
reco
rd o
f ap
pear
ance
and
whe
ther
def
enda
nt is
on
prob
atio
n or
pa
role
or
othe
r su
perv
isio
n.
15-1
051.
2
Sam
e fa
ctor
s sh
all b
e co
nsid
ered
in p
ost-
conv
ictio
n ba
il de
term
inat
ions
.
Mar
ylan
d A
rt. 2
7. 8
616
1/2
(c)
R
ebut
tabl
e pr
esum
ptio
n of
bai
l de
nial
for
per
son
char
ged
with
en
umer
ated
ser
ious
off
ense
s co
mm
itted
whi
le o
n ba
il fo
r pr
ior
enum
erat
ed s
erio
us o
ffen
ses.
Art
. 27
. 3
616
1/2(
d)
No
pers
onal
reco
gniz
ance
for
per
son
char
ged
with
enu
mer
ated
seri
ous
offe
nses
if p
revi
ousl
y co
nvic
ted
of s
uch
an o
ffen
se.
Mas
sach
uset
ts
276-
58
Bai
l fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
fai
lure
to a
ppea
r or
fli
ght,
and
whe
ther
def
enda
nt a
lrea
dy i
s on
bai
l, pa
role
, pro
batio
n or
oth
er f
orm
of
supe
rvis
ion.
Mic
higa
n C
onst
.. ar
t. 1,
15
Pe
rmits
den
ial o
f ba
il fo
r pe
rson
s ch
arge
d w
ith v
iole
nt f
elon
ies
if co
nvic
ted
of t
wo
or m
ore
viol
ent
felo
nies
with
in p
revi
ous
15 y
ears
, an
d pe
rson
s ch
arge
d w
ith v
iole
nt f
elon
ies
whi
le o
n ba
il, p
roba
tion
or
paro
le f
or p
revi
ous
viol
ent
felo
ny.
765.
6
Am
ount
of
bail
shal
l ref
lect
the
def
enda
nt's
prev
ious
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Con
st.,
art.
1 8
15
Bai
l may
be
deni
ed f
or p
erso
n ch
arge
d w
ith a
vio
lent
fel
ony
who
has
be
en c
onvi
cted
of
two
viol
ent f
elon
ies
with
in p
revi
ous
15 y
ears
or
who
was
alr
eady
on
bail,
par
ole
or p
roba
tion
in c
onne
ctio
n w
ith a
vi
olen
t fe
lony
cha
rge
or c
onvi
ctio
n.
Min
neso
ta
Rul
es C
rim
. Pro
c.,
R.
6.02
(2)
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
app
eara
nce
or f
light
.
-19
9-3-
18
Rel
ease
fac
tors
con
cern
ing
a pe
rson
arr
este
d fo
r a
mis
dem
eano
r sh
all
Mis
siss
i~p
i I
I I in
clud
e pr
ior
arre
st re
cord
. pr
ovis
ions
or
cour
t rul
es.
Tab
le 2
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
8
Tabi
e 2
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s* r
equi
ring
or
perm
ittin
g pr
ior
crlm
inai
rec
ords
to b
e co
nsid
ered
in b
all d
ecis
ions
(N
o&:
Stat
cs w
hich
do
not h
ave
stat
utcs
req
uiri
ng o
r pe
rmitt
ing
prio
r cr
imin
al r
ecor
ds to
be
cons
ider
edin
bai
l dec
isio
ns a
rc o
mitt
cdfr
om th
e ta
ble.
)
Sta
te
Mis
sour
i
Mon
tana
Neb
rask
a
Nev
ada
New
Jer
sey
New
Mex
ico
New
Yor
k
Nor
th C
arol
ina
Nor
th D
akot
a
Ohi
o
Ore
gon
Pen
nsyl
vani
a
Puer
to R
ico
I C
itat
lon
I 544.
455.
2
46-9
-301
(7)
29-9
01.0
1
178.
4853
(5)
178.
498
2C:4
5-3
31-2
1-9B
Rul
es C
rim. Proc., R
. 5-
401B
Con
st,
art.
1, 4
13
Cr.
Proc
. Law
4
530.
20(2
)(b)
, 53
0.30
(2),
53
0.40
(4)
Cr.
Pro
c. L
aw 8
510
.30
15A
-534
(c)
R.
Cr.
Proc
. 46(
a)(l
)(ii
)
2919
.251
2937
.23
Rul
es C
rim
. Pro
cedu
re, R
. 46
(F)
13
5.23
0(6)
(f)
R.
Cri
m.
Proc
., R
. 40
04
R.
4010
.A
R.
4010
.B
R. C
rim
. Pro
c.,
R.
218
I S
tatu
tory
pro
visi
on
I (S
tatu
tory
pro
viri
ons a
re s
um
nda
ed o
rpm
ap
hm
sd)
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
app
eara
nce
or f
light
.
Am
ount
of
bail
shal
l be
cons
ider
ate
of d
efen
dant
's pr
ior
crim
inal
re
cord
.
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
app
eara
nce
or f
light
.
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's pr
ior
crim
inal
re
cord
and
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e or
non
-app
eara
nce.
Am
ount
of
bail
shal
l ref
lect
fac
tors
abo
ve.
Bai
l may
be
deni
ed if
per
son
com
mits
cri
me
whi
le o
n pr
obat
ion
or
susp
ende
d se
nten
ce.
Pre-
rele
ase
repo
rt s
hall
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
abou
t def
enda
nt's
reco
rd o
f co
nvic
tions
and
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e or
non
-app
eara
nce.
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
app
eara
nce
or f
light
.
Bai
l may
be
deni
ed f
or 6
0 da
ys f
or a
per
son
char
ged
with
a f
elon
y w
ho
has
prev
ious
ly b
een
conv
icte
d of
tw
o or
mor
e fe
loni
es o
r a
pers
on
char
ged
with
a f
elon
y w
ith a
dea
dly
wea
pon
who
has
a p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
on.
No
orde
r of
rec
ogni
zanc
e or
bai
l on
felo
ny c
harg
es if
def
enda
nt h
as tw
o pr
evio
us f
elon
y co
nvic
tions
. N
o re
cogn
izan
ce o
r ba
il un
til c
ourt
re
view
s a
crim
inal
his
tory
rec
ord
tran
scri
pt fu
rnis
hed
by s
tate
re
posi
tory
or
polic
e de
part
men
t, ex
cept
in c
ases
of
emer
genc
y or
whe
n co
urt f
inds
it t
o be
unn
eces
sary
and
sta
tes
reas
ons
for
reco
rd.
Prov
ides
tha
t in
im
posi
ng r
elea
se c
ondi
tions
, cou
rts
may
con
side
r th
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
reco
rd a
nd p
rior
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e or
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
fai
lure
to a
ppea
r or
flig
ht.
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
fai
lure
to a
ppea
r or
flig
ht.
Bai
l in
dom
estic
vio
lenc
e ca
ses
may
be
deni
ed if
def
enda
nt h
as p
rior
co
nvic
tion
for
dom
estic
vio
lenc
e of
fens
es.
Bai
l am
ount
sha
ll be
fix
ed w
ith c
onsi
dera
tion
of d
efen
dant
's pr
evio
us
crim
inal
rec
ord.
Pret
rial
rele
ase
fact
ors
shal
l inc
lude
def
enda
nt's
reco
rd o
f co
nvic
tions
an
d re
cord
of
appe
aran
ce o
r fl
ight
.
Pret
rial
rel
ease
cri
teri
a sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's pr
ior
crim
inal
reco
rd
and
reco
rd o
f ap
pear
ance
.
Pret
rial
bai
l cri
teri
a sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's re
cord
of
rele
vant
co
nvic
tions
and
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e.
Sam
e fa
ctor
s sh
all g
over
n ba
il af
ter
conv
ictio
n in
non
capi
tal
case
s.
Sam
e fa
ctor
s sh
all
gove
rn b
ail
afte
r se
nten
cing
in n
onca
pita
l ca
ses.
Am
ount
of
bail
shal
l ref
lect
def
enda
nt's
reco
rd o
f pr
evio
us a
ppea
ranc
es
and
com
plia
nce
with
cou
rt o
rder
s.
*Inc
ludi
ng c
onst
itutio
nal p
rovi
sion
s or
cou
rt ru
les.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
2
9
I
ds to
be
cons
ider
ed in
bai
l dec
isio
ns
Sta
te
Rho
de Is
land
Sou
th C
arol
ina
Sou
th D
akot
a
Ten
ness
ee
Tex
as
Uta
h
Ver
mon
t
Vir
gin
Isla
nds
Vir
gini
a
Was
hing
ton
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
Wis
cons
in
Wyo
min
g
*Inc
ludi
ng co
nstit
utio
n
I C
itatio
n
Con
st.,
art.
1 8 9
Con
st.,
art.
1 Q
lla
Cri
m.
Rul
es, R
. 3.
2
Con
st.,
art.
1, $
8
7-10
-102
; R.
Cri
m. P
roc.
R.
8(c)
(2)
1p
rovi
sion
s or c
ourt
rule
s.
I S
tatu
tory
pro
visi
on
Bai
l pro
hibi
ted
for
pers
ons
char
ged
with
dan
gero
us w
eapo
ns o
ffen
ses
or o
ffen
ses
puni
shab
le b
y li
e im
pris
onm
ent
if pr
evio
usly
con
vict
ed
of a
ny s
uch
offe
nses
or
of d
rug
offe
nse
puni
shab
le b
y 10
yea
rs o
r m
ore.
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n cr
iteri
a sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's r
ecor
d of
co
nvic
tions
and
rec
ord
of f
light
or
failu
re to
app
ear.
Rel
ease
wnd
itio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's r
ecor
d of
co
nvic
tions
and
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e or
non
-app
eara
nce
or f
light
.
Rel
ease
fac
tors
sha
ll in
clud
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
reco
rd a
nd p
rior
rele
ases
on
reco
gniz
ance
or
bail.
Bai
l may
be
deni
ed f
or n
onca
pita
l fe
lony
off
ende
rs w
ho h
ave
been
co
nvic
ted
of t
wo
prio
r fe
loni
es, w
ho c
omm
itted
the
fel
ony
offe
nses
w
hile
on
bail
for
a fe
lony
indi
ctm
ent o
r w
ho u
sed
a de
adly
wea
pon
in
the
com
mis
sion
of
the
felo
ny o
ffen
se a
fter
a p
rior
fel
ony
conv
ictio
n.
Bai
l may
be
deni
ed f
or p
erso
ns c
harg
ed w
ith f
elon
ies
whi
le o
n ba
il,
paro
le o
r pr
obat
ion.
Rel
ease
wnd
itio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de th
e de
fend
ant's
rec
ord
of
conv
ictio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
app
eara
nce
or f
light
.
Bai
l m
ay b
e de
nied
bas
ed u
pon,
am
ong
othe
r fa
ctor
s, d
efen
dant
's
reco
rd o
f co
nvic
tions
and
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e or
flig
ht.
Fac
tors
rel
evan
t to
rele
ase
on u
nsec
ured
bon
d or r
ecog
niza
nce
shal
l in
clud
e th
e de
fend
ant's
rec
ord
of c
onvi
ctio
ns a
nd r
ecor
d of
app
eara
nce,
no
n-ap
pear
ance
or
flig
ht.
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all
incl
ude
defe
ndan
t's c
rim
inal
reco
rd, a
nd
hist
ory
of r
espo
nse
to l
egal
pro
cess
.
Fac
tors
aff
ectin
g am
ount
of
bail
shal
l inc
lude
the
defe
ndan
t's p
revi
ous
crim
inal
reco
rd:
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de t
he d
efen
dant
's p
rior
cri
min
al
reco
rd,
whe
ther
def
enda
nt i
s on
pro
batio
n, p
arol
e or
bai
l an
d w
heth
er
defe
ndan
t ha
s pr
evio
usly
for
feite
d ba
il.
Aut
horiz
es d
enia
l of
bail
for
up t
o 10
day
s (a
nd a
noth
er 6
0 da
ys a
fter
he
arin
g) f
or a
per
son
accu
sed
of a
vio
lent
fel
ony
who
has
a p
revi
ous
conv
ictio
n fo
r a
viol
ent
felo
ny.
Rel
ease
con
ditio
n fa
ctor
s sh
all i
nclu
de d
efen
dant
's r
ecor
d of
co
nvic
tions
and
rec
ord
of a
ppea
ranc
e, n
on-a
ppea
ranc
e or
flig
ht.
10
Tab
le 2
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Par
t 11:
Sen
tenc
ing
Tab
les
3 th
roug
h 6
list s
tatu
tory
pr
ovis
ions
and
oth
er le
gal p
rovi
sion
s in
the
54 ju
risd
ictio
ns th
at m
anda
te o
r pe
rmit
cons
ider
atio
n of
a c
onvi
cted
pe
rson
's pr
evio
us c
rimin
al re
cord
in
deci
ding
on
an a
ppro
pria
te se
nten
ce.
All
of t
he ju
risd
ictio
ns h
ave
one
or
mor
e la
ws
of t
his
type
; mos
t hav
e la
ws
in e
very
cat
egor
y sh
own
in t
he
tabl
es, a
nd s
ome
have
sev
eral
pr
ovis
ions
with
in e
ach
cate
gory
. T
he
law
s lis
ted
incl
ude
thos
e th
at re
quire
se
cond
and
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
ses t
o be
up
grad
ed to
a h
ighe
r deg
ree
of
seri
ousn
ess (
for e
xam
ple,
from
a
mis
dem
eano
r to
a fe
lony
or
to a
hi
gher
cla
ss o
f m
isde
mea
nor o
r fe
lony
) (T
able
3);
thos
e th
at re
quire
or
perm
it en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
for p
erso
ns
with
pre
viou
s co
nvic
tions
, inc
ludi
ng
Stat
es w
ith s
ente
ncin
g gu
idel
ines
that
fa
ctor
prio
r co
nvic
tions
into
the
sent
enci
ng a
ppro
ach
(Tab
le 4
); th
ose
that
requ
ire o
r per
mit
pers
ons
with
se
rious
pas
t rec
ords
to b
e se
nten
ced
to
enha
nced
term
s of
im
pris
onm
ent a
s ha
bitu
al c
rim
inal
s or c
aree
r cri
min
als
(Tab
le 5
); an
d th
ose
that
requ
ire o
r pe
rmit
cons
ider
atio
n of
pas
t cri
min
al
activ
ity in
dec
idin
g w
heth
er to
su
spen
d a
sent
ence
and
plac
e th
e of
fend
er o
n pr
obat
ion
(Tab
le 6
). Fi
nally
, Tab
le 7
list
s st
atut
ory
prov
isio
ns a
nd c
ourt
rule
s th
at re
quir
e or
per
mit
the
prep
arat
ion
of
pres
ente
nce r
epor
ts th
at m
ust o
r may
in
clud
e re
fere
nces
to p
rior c
rimin
al
hist
orie
s. A
s in
all
of t
he t
able
s in
th
e re
port
, onl
y th
ose
stat
utor
y pr
ovis
ions
are
incl
uded
that
exp
ress
ly
refe
r to
prio
r cr
imin
al a
ctiv
ity.
For
exam
ple,
alth
ough
it m
ay b
e as
sum
ed
that
judg
es i
n vi
rtua
lly a
ll st
ates
hav
e
the
auth
ority
to o
rder
the
prep
arat
ion
of p
rese
nten
ce re
ports
and
that
such
re
ports
wou
ld in
clud
e in
form
atio
n ab
out p
ast c
rim
inal
invo
lvem
ent,
Tab
le 7
list
s on
ly th
ose
stat
utor
y pr
ovis
ions
that
exp
ress
ly re
quire
or
perm
it th
e pr
epar
atio
n of
rep
orts
and
th
e in
clus
ion
of i
nfor
mat
ion
abou
t pa
st c
rimin
al c
ondu
ct.
Upg
rade
d C
harg
es
Tab
le 3
list
s pr
ovis
ions
in s
tate
co
des t
hat u
pgra
de s
econ
d an
d su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s to
high
er c
lass
es
of o
ffen
ses
than
fir
st o
ffen
ses.
Pr
ovis
ions
are
incl
uded
in th
is ta
ble
only
if t
hey
expr
essl
y re
fer t
o th
e de
gree
or c
lass
of
upgr
aded
off
ense
-th
at i
s, fr
om a
mis
dem
eano
r to
a fe
lony
or f
rom
one
leve
l or c
lass
of
mis
dem
eano
r or f
elon
y to
a h
ighe
r le
vel o
r cl
ass.
In
suc
h ca
ses,
it is
as
sum
ed th
at th
e up
grad
ed o
ffen
se
will
be
spec
ified
in t
he c
harg
ing
docu
men
t. T
hus,
to c
ompl
y w
ith t
he
law
s, in
form
atio
n co
ncer
ning
pri
or
conv
ictio
ns, i
f an
y, m
ust b
e av
aila
ble
to th
e pr
osec
utor
at t
he ti
me
the
case
is
file
d in
cou
rt be
caus
e th
e cl
ass
of
offe
nse
char
ged
may
aff
ect t
he ty
pe o
f ch
argi
ng d
ocum
ent u
tiliz
ed o
r the
co
urt i
n w
hich
the
case
is fi
led.
M
ost o
f th
e pr
ovis
ions
list
ed in
T
able
3 re
late
to s
econ
d an
d su
bse-
qu
ent i
nsta
nces
of
the
sam
e of
fens
e.
For
exam
ple,
in A
rizon
a, th
e fi
rst o
f-
fens
e of
spo
usal
sex
ual a
ssau
lt is
a
clas
s 6
felo
ny (a
nd m
ay in
som
e ca
ses
be re
duce
d to
a c
lass
1 m
isde
mea
nor
with
man
dato
ry c
ouns
elin
g); b
ut a
ny
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
2 fe
lony
, an
d th
e of
fend
er is
not
elig
ible
for
prob
atio
n, p
arol
e, p
ardo
n, o
r wor
k fu
rlou
gh.
Num
erou
s ot
her S
tate
s ha
ve s
imila
r upg
rade
pro
visi
ons
rela
t-
ing
to s
exua
l or d
rug
offe
nses
, the
ft,
larc
eny,
pro
stitu
tion,
and
reck
less
dr
ivin
g or
driv
ing
unde
r the
influ
ence
of
dru
gs o
r alc
ohol
.
In s
ome
Stat
es, h
owev
er, a
pa
rticu
lar o
ffen
se m
ay b
e up
grad
ed if
th
e of
fend
er h
as p
rior
conv
ictio
ns fo
r th
e sa
me
offe
nse
or fo
r oth
er ty
pes
of
offe
nses
. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, in
Ind
iana
, sp
ecifi
edha
ndgu
n vi
olat
ions
are
tre
ated
as
clas
s A
mis
dem
eano
rs fo
r fi
rst o
ffen
ses,
but
the
offe
nse
is
upgr
aded
to a
cla
ss D
felo
ny if
the
offe
nder
has
a p
rior h
andg
un v
iola
tion
conv
ictio
n or
any
fel
ony
conv
ictio
n w
ithin
the
prev
ious
15
year
s. I
llino
is
law
tre
ats p
etty
the
ft a
s a
mis
dem
eano
r for
a fi
rst o
ffen
der,
but
if th
e pe
rson
has
pre
viou
sly
been
co
nvic
ted
of a
ny type
of t
heft
, ro
bber
y, a
rmed
robb
ery
or b
urgl
ary,
th
e of
fens
e is
upg
rade
d to
a c
lass
4
felo
ny.
The
Illin
ois
law
spe
cifi
cally
re
quir
es th
at th
e pr
ior
conv
ictio
n m
ust b
e st
ated
in t
he in
form
atio
n or
in
dict
men
t so
as to
giv
e no
tice
of t
he
inte
ntio
n to
trea
t the
cha
rge
as a
fe
lony
. C
alif
orni
a ha
s a
sim
ilar l
aw
that
upg
rade
s pe
tty th
eft t
o a
felo
ny if
th
e of
fend
er h
as a
prio
r co
nvic
tion
for
thef
t, ro
bber
y or
bur
glar
y. W
ne
law
cl
assi
fies
firs
t off
ense
s of
thef
t, fo
rger
y or
neg
otia
ting
a w
orth
less
in
stru
men
t as
clas
s D
cri
mes
, but
up
grad
es th
e of
fens
es to
cla
ss C
cr
imes
if t
he o
ffen
der h
as tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns fo
r the
ft, f
orge
ry,
frau
d, w
orth
less
inst
rum
ents
, rob
bery
or
bur
glar
y.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
En
han
ced
Sen
ten
ces
Tab
le 4
list
s St
ate
and
Fede
ral
stat
utor
y pr
ovis
ions
that
requ
ire o
r pe
rmit
the
impo
sitio
n of
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces i
f th
e of
fend
er h
as p
rior
conv
ictio
ns.
Tha
t is,
thes
e st
atut
es
prov
ide
for s
trict
er se
nten
ces f
or
parti
cula
r off
ense
s rat
her t
han
upgr
adin
g th
e of
fens
e to
a m
ore
serio
us c
harg
e. I
n so
me
case
s, th
e pr
ior c
onvi
ctio
ns m
ust b
e fo
r the
sa
me
offe
nse,
but i
n m
any
case
s en
hanc
ed se
nten
ces c
an b
e ba
sed
upon
an
y pr
ior
conv
ictio
n.
Kan
sas,
for e
xam
ple,
has
a re
peat
fe
lony
off
ende
r law
that
pro
vide
s th
at
a pe
rson
con
vict
ed fo
r a se
cond
tim
e of
any
fel
ony
offe
nse
may
be
sent
ence
d to
up
to tw
ice
the
norm
al
max
imum
sen
tenc
e, a
nd a
per
son
conv
icte
d of
a fe
lony
for a
third
or
subs
eque
nt ti
me
may
be
sent
ence
d to
up
to th
ree
times
the
norm
al
max
imum
sen
tenc
e. W
isco
nsin
's re
peat
off
ende
r law
pro
vide
s for
en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
of u
p to
10
addi
tiona
l yea
rs fo
r per
sons
with
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
or th
ree
mis
dem
eano
r con
vict
ions
with
in th
e pr
evio
us fi
ve y
ears
. C
alifo
rnia
law
pr
ovid
es th
at a
ny p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
of
a se
rious
felo
ny w
ho h
as p
revi
ousl
y be
en c
onvi
cted
of
a se
rious
felo
ny in
C
alifo
rnia
or a
ny o
ther
juris
dict
ion
shal
l rec
eive
a m
anda
tory
five
-yea
r en
hanc
emen
t for
eac
h su
ch p
rior
conv
ictio
n, an
d in
som
e ca
ses m
ay b
e gi
ven
addi
tiona
l enh
ance
men
ts o
f up
to
thre
e ye
ars
for e
ach
prio
r pris
on
term
ser
ved
in C
alifo
rnia
or
else
whe
re.
New
Mex
ico
law
pro
vide
s fo
r enh
ance
d se
nten
ces f
or fe
lony
of
fend
ers o
f one
add
ition
al y
ear f
ix a
si
ngle
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ion,
four
ad
ditio
nal y
ears
for t
wo
prio
r fel
ony
conv
ictio
ns an
d ei
ght a
dditi
onal
yea
rs
for t
hree
or m
ore
prio
r fel
ony
conv
ictio
ns.
In a
dditi
on to
thes
e ex
ampl
es, m
any
othe
r Sta
tes h
ave
repe
at o
r per
sist
ent f
elon
y of
fend
er
law
s tha
t pro
vide
for e
nhan
ced
sent
ence
s for
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
with
pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Som
e of
th
ese
law
s pro
vide
for
mor
e se
rious
en
hanc
emen
ts fo
r rep
eat v
iole
nt
offe
nder
s or r
epea
t off
ende
rs w
ho u
se
dang
erou
s wea
pons
. O
ther
pro
visi
ons,
as
note
d ab
ove,
au
thor
ize
spec
ified
enha
nced
sent
ence
s fo
r sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t con
vict
ions
fo
r the
sam
e of
fens
e. F
or e
xam
ple,
W
yom
ing
law
pro
vide
s fo
r spe
cifie
d en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
for s
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
conv
ictio
ns o
f se
xual
as
saul
t or a
band
onin
g or
end
ange
ring
child
ren.
In
Wis
cons
in, t
he p
enal
ty
for d
omes
tic a
buse
off
ense
s may
be
incr
ease
d by
up
to tw
o ye
ars
if th
e of
fend
er has p
revi
ousl
y be
en m
ted
fo
r a d
omes
tic ab
use
inci
dent
. In
C
alifo
rnia
, per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f sp
ecifi
ed s
exua
l off
ense
s rec
eive
m
anda
tory
five
-yea
r enh
ance
men
ts fo
r ea
ch p
rior c
onvi
ctio
n fo
r any
suc
h se
xual
off
ense
unl
ess
the
offe
nse
occu
rred
prio
r to
a te
n-ye
ar p
erio
d du
ring
whi
ch th
e pe
rson
was
not
in
pris
on c
usto
dy a
nd d
id n
ot h
ave
a fe
lony
con
vict
ion.
Num
erou
s St
ates
, in
clud
ing
Ala
ska,
Col
orad
o,
Con
nect
icut
, Ida
ho, K
entu
cky,
New
H
amps
hire
, Sou
th C
arol
ina
and
Was
hing
ton,
hav
e pr
ovis
ions
in th
eir
cont
rolle
d su
bsta
nces
acts
that
pro
vide
fo
r spe
cifie
d en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties f
or
drug
off
ense
s if t
he o
ffen
der h
as p
rior
drug
off
ense
conv
ictio
ns o
r, in
som
e ca
ses,
pro
vide
for l
enie
ncy
for c
erta
in
viol
atio
ns if
the
offe
nder
has
no
prev
ious
dru
g of
fens
e co
nvic
tions
. Fi
nally
, sev
eral
Sta
tes,
incl
udin
g A
lask
a, D
elaw
are,
Mic
higa
n an
d N
ew
Mex
ico,
hav
e la
ws p
rovi
ding
for
spec
ified
enha
nced
pen
altie
s fo
r dr
ivin
g un
der t
he in
fluen
ce (D
UI)
of
fend
ers w
ith p
rior D
UI c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Man
y ju
risdi
ctio
ns h
ave
stat
utor
y pr
ovis
ions
that
do
not s
peci
fy
parti
cula
r enh
ance
d te
rms
for p
rior
conv
ictio
ns, b
ut in
stea
d pe
rmit
the
cour
t to
cons
ider
prio
r co
nvic
tions
as
aggr
avat
ing
circ
umst
ance
s in
impo
sing
sen
tenc
es.
For
exam
ple,
nu
mer
ous
Stat
es, i
nclu
ding
C
alifo
rnia
, Flo
rida,
Idah
o, K
enm
cky,
M
assa
chus
etts
, Mon
tana
, New
M
exic
o an
d V
erm
ont,
perm
it co
urts
de
alin
g w
ith c
apita
l off
ense
cas
es to
co
nsid
er p
revi
ous m
urde
r con
vict
ions
as
agg
rava
ting
circ
umst
ance
s au
thor
izin
g th
e im
posi
tion
of t
he
deat
h pe
nalty
or s
ente
nces
of l
ife
impr
ison
men
t with
out p
arol
e. O
ther
St
ates
hav
e es
tabl
ishe
d se
nten
cing
gu
idel
ines
that
take
prio
r co
nvic
tions
in
to c
onsi
dera
tion
in s
ettin
g se
nten
ce
rang
es fo
r par
ticul
ar o
ffen
ses o
r tha
t pe
rmit
judg
es t
o se
nten
ce ab
ove
the
reco
mm
ende
d m
ges
for p
erso
ns w
ith
spec
ified
prio
r con
vict
ions
. For
ex
ampl
e, th
e Fe
dera
l Sen
tenc
ing
Gui
delin
es e
stab
lish
pres
umpt
ive
sent
ence
rang
es fo
r Fed
eral
crim
es
base
d up
on o
ffen
se le
vel (
serio
usne
ss
of t
he c
rime)
and
prio
r crim
inal
hi
stor
y. S
ente
nce r
ange
s are
enha
nced
fo
r all
exce
pt m
inor
off
ense
s bas
ed
upon
the
num
ber,
na
m an
d re
cenc
y of
prio
r off
ense
s and
whe
ther
the
offe
nder
was
und
er a
ny fo
rm o
f cr
imin
al ju
stic
e cu
stod
y or
su
perv
isio
n at
the
time
of t
he n
ew
offe
nse.
In
addi
tion,
sent
enci
ng
judg
es a
re p
erm
itted
to d
epar
t fro
m
the
com
pute
d gu
idel
ine r
ange
if,
amon
g ot
her t
hing
s, th
e cr
imin
al
hist
ory
cate
gory
det
erm
ined
on
the
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
m'n
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
abov
e bas
is d
oes n
ot a
dequ
atel
y re
flect
th
e se
rious
ness
of t
he d
efen
dant
's pa
st
crim
inal
cond
uct o
r the
like
lihoo
d th
at th
e de
fend
ant w
ill c
omm
it ot
her
crime
^.^ O
ther
juris
dict
ions
-in
clud
ing Alaska,
Del
awar
e, F
lorid
a,
Illin
ois,
Min
neso
ta, O
rego
n,
Penn
sylv
ania
, Ten
ness
ee,
Was
hing
ton
and
Wis
cons
in -
have
es
tabl
ishe
d se
nten
cing
gui
delin
es, o
r pr
esum
ptiv
e or
det
erm
inat
e se
nten
cing
stru
ctur
es, th
at a
re b
ased
in
par
t on
prio
r con
vict
ions
as
aggr
avat
ing
fact
ors,
or o
n a
sent
ence
co
mpu
tatio
n fo
rmul
a tha
t inc
lude
s pr
ior c
onvi
ctio
ns as
a fa
ctor
. Se
nten
cing
com
mis
sion
s are
cur
rent
ly
deve
lopi
ng g
uide
lines
in H
awai
i, K
ansa
s, L
ouis
iana
, New
Mex
ico
and
Sout
h C
arol
ina.
Hab
itual
Off
end
ers
In a
dditi
on to
the
abov
e ci
ted
stat
utes
aut
horiz
ing
or re
quiri
ng th
e I
impo
sitio
n of
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces f
or
prio
r co
nvic
tions
in s
ome
case
s, all
I of
the
54
juris
dict
ions
hav
e st
atut
ory
prov
isio
ns au
thor
izin
g ce
rtain
pe
rsis
tent
off
ende
rs to
be
clas
sifie
d as
\ ha
bitu
al o
ffen
ders
, car
eer o
ffen
ders
, m
ultip
le o
ffen
ders
, pro
fess
iona
l of
fend
ers o
r som
e si
mila
r des
igna
tion
and
sent
ence
d to
sig
nific
antly
\
enha
nced
pre
sum
ptiv
e or
man
dato
ry
term
s of
im
pris
onm
ent (
Tab
le 5
). I
Man
y of
the
law
s als
o pr
ovid
e th
at
I su
ch o
ffen
ders
may
not
be
paro
led
or
mus
t ser
ve su
bsta
ntia
lly in
crea
sed
porti
ons
of th
eir s
ente
nces
bef
ore
beco
min
g el
igib
le fo
r par
ole.
For
ex
ampl
e, C
alifo
rnia
's ha
bitu
al
offe
nder
law
app
lies t
o an
y pe
rson
co
nvic
ted
of a
vio
lent
felo
ny w
ho h
as
serv
ed tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior p
rison
term
s fo
r enu
mer
ated
serio
us o
ffen
ses.
See
Tab
le 4
and
Wes
t's F
eder
al
Sent
enci
ng G
uide
lines
Man
ual,
1990
E
ditio
n, p
p. 2
21,
229,
236
.
Pers
ons w
ho h
ave
serv
ed tw
o pr
ior
pris
on te
rms r
ecei
ve a
man
dato
ry li
fe
term
with
no
paro
le s
oone
r tha
n 20
ye
ars.
Tho
se w
ho h
ave
serv
ed th
ree
or m
ore
prio
r pris
on te
rms
rece
ive
a m
anda
tory
life
term
with
out t
he
poss
ibili
ty o
f pa
role
. Pr
ior
pris
on
term
s are
not
cou
nted
for p
urpo
ses
of
the
stat
ute i
f the
per
son
rem
aine
d fr
ee
of c
rimin
al in
volv
emen
t for
a p
erio
d of
10
year
s afte
r rel
ease
from
su
perv
isio
n. A
s in
the
case
of
the
Cal
iforn
ia en
hanc
emen
t sta
tute
s cite
d ea
rlier
, the
Cal
iforn
ia h
abitu
al
offe
nder
law
requ
ires t
hat a
ny p
rior
conv
ictio
n or
pris
on te
rm u
sed
for
enha
ncem
ent p
urpo
ses
mus
t be
alle
ged
in th
e ac
cusa
tory
ple
adin
g an
d ei
ther
adm
itted
by
the
defe
ndan
t or
prov
ed in
cou
rt.
Del
awar
e's h
abitu
al c
rimin
al
stat
ute
appl
ies t
o pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
for t
he th
ird ti
me
of e
num
erat
ed
serio
us fe
loni
es o
r for
the
four
th ti
me
of a
ny fe
lony
off
ense
. H
abitu
al,
serio
us fe
lony
off
ende
rs w
ho a
re n
ot
sent
ence
d to
dea
th re
ceiv
e m
anda
tory
li
fe se
nten
ces w
ithou
t the
pos
sibi
lity
of p
arol
e. H
abitu
al, n
on-s
erio
us
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
may
be
sent
ence
d to
en
hanc
ed te
rms u
p to
life
im
pris
onm
ent.
Flor
ida'
s la
w p
erm
its
the
impo
sitio
n of
enh
ance
d pe
nalti
es
(up
to li
fe w
ithou
t par
ole)
for
habi
tual
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
and
habi
tual
vi
olen
t fel
ony
offe
nder
s. T
he la
w
also
pro
vide
s th
at c
rimin
al ju
stic
e ag
enci
es in
the
stat
e sh
all e
mpl
oy
enha
nced
law
enf
orce
men
t eff
orts
in
the
inve
stig
atio
n, ap
preh
ensi
on a
nd
pros
ecut
ion
of c
aree
r crim
inal
s, in
clud
ing
coor
dina
tion
with
oth
er
loca
l, St
ate a
nd F
eder
al a
genc
ies a
nd
the
assi
gnm
ent o
f hi
ghly
qua
lifie
d in
vest
igat
ors a
nd p
rose
cuto
rs.
Haw
aii's
hab
itual
crim
inal
law
has
a
sim
ilar p
rovi
sion
requ
iring
enh
ance
d la
w e
nfor
cem
ent e
ffor
ts.
Geo
rgia
's la
w p
rovi
des
that
a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
for t
he f
ourth
tim
e of
a fe
lony
mus
t be
sent
ence
d to
the
max
imum
term
for
the
new
off
ense
an
d m
ay n
ot b
e pa
role
d. I
llino
is la
w
prov
ides
that
any
per
son
conv
icte
d of
fir
st d
egre
e m
urde
r, cr
imin
al se
xual
as
saul
t or a
ny c
lass
X fe
lony
(e
num
erat
ed se
rious
felo
nies
) afte
r tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior c
onvi
ctio
ns fo
r any
of
the
se o
ffen
ses i
n Il
linoi
s or
else
whe
re, s
hall
be a
djud
ged
a ha
bitu
al c
rimin
al a
nd re
ceiv
e a
man
dato
ry li
fe se
nten
ce if
the
deat
h pe
nalty
is n
ot im
pose
d. U
nder
In
dian
a's l
aw, f
elon
y of
fend
ers w
ith
two
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
ca
n be
sen
tenc
ed to
eig
ht to
30
addi
tiona
l yea
rs d
epen
ding
upo
n th
e se
rious
ness
of th
e ne
w a
nd p
rior
offe
nses
. So
uth
Car
olin
a's
habi
tual
off
ende
r st
atut
e pro
vide
s tha
t a p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
for t
he th
ird ti
me
of a
vi
olen
t crim
e sh
all b
e se
nten
ced
to
life
impr
ison
men
t with
out p
arol
e.
Idah
o's p
ersi
sten
t off
ende
r sta
tute
pr
ovid
es fo
r pris
on te
rms
of f
ive
year
s to
life
for p
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
for t
he
third
or s
ubse
quen
t tim
e of
a fe
lony
in
the
stat
e or
in a
ny o
ther
ju
risdi
ctio
n.
Ten
ness
ee's
law
pr
ovid
es fo
r enh
ance
d se
nten
ces f
or
mul
tiple
, per
sist
ent a
nd c
aree
r of
fend
ers a
nd p
rovi
des t
hat t
he d
istri
ct
atto
rney
mus
t file
a s
tate
men
t of
inte
nt to
see
k an
enh
ance
d se
nten
ce
10da
ys b
efor
e tri
al o
r ent
ry o
f a
guilt
y pl
ea u
nles
s wai
ved
by t
he
defe
ndan
t with
the
cour
t's c
onse
nt.
Bot
h In
dian
a an
d N
ew M
exic
o ha
ve
sim
ilar p
rovi
sion
s req
uirin
g th
e pr
osec
utor
to a
llege
hab
itual
off
ende
r st
atus
in t
he c
harg
ing
inst
rum
ent.
Sout
h D
akot
a's h
abitu
al o
ffen
der l
aw
requ
ires t
he S
tate
's at
torn
ey to
file
a
sepa
rate
info
rmat
ion
alle
ging
hab
itual
of
fend
er st
atus
at th
e tim
e of
ar
raig
nmen
t and
pro
vide
s tha
t any
ja
iler,
war
den,
or p
roba
tion,
par
ole,
pr
ison
or l
aw e
nfor
cem
ent o
ffic
er w
ho
has
know
ledg
e tha
t a p
erso
n ch
arge
d
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
with
a fe
lony
has
pre
viou
sly
been
co
nvic
ted
shal
l hav
e a
duty
to re
port
th
e in
form
atio
n to
the
Sta
te's
at
torn
ey.
Wes
t Vir
gini
a's
law
pr
ovid
es th
at if
a p
riso
ner i
s re
ceiv
ed
by t
he S
tate
pen
itent
iary
and
the
war
den
has
know
ledg
e th
at th
e pe
rson
ha
s pr
evio
usly
bee
n co
nvic
ted
of a
fe
lony
in a
ny c
ourt
and
has
not
bee
n se
nten
ced
as a
repe
at o
r hab
itual
of
fend
er, t
he w
arde
n sh
all n
otify
the
cour
t and
the
cour
t sha
ll di
rect
that
an
appr
opri
ate
info
rmat
ion
be f
iled.
Fi
nally
, the
car
eer o
ffen
der
prov
isio
n in
the
Fed
eral
Sen
tenc
ing
Gui
delin
es p
rovi
des
for e
nhan
ced
sent
ence
s up
to l
ife
with
out p
arol
e fo
r pe
rson
s ch
arge
d w
ith c
rim
es o
f vi
olen
ce o
r con
trol
led
subs
tanc
e of
fens
es w
ho h
ave
two
or m
ore
prio
r co
nvic
tions
for a
ny s
uch
offe
nses
un
der
Sta
te o
r Fed
eral
law
. m
e
Gui
delin
es al
so p
rovi
de fo
r enh
ance
d se
nten
ces f
or "
crim
inal
live
lihoo
d,"
that
is, f
or p
erso
ns w
ho r
epea
tedl
y co
mm
it cr
imes
as
part
of
a pa
ttern
of
crim
inal
con
duct
enga
ged
in a
s a
livel
ihoo
d.
It is
app
aren
t fro
m th
e ex
ampl
es
desc
ribed
that
pro
per e
nfor
cem
ent o
f Fe
dera
l and
Sta
te h
abitu
al c
rim
inal
la
ws,
as
wel
l as
the
othe
r sen
tenc
ing
stat
utes
cite
d an
d de
scrib
ed in
pr
evio
us s
ectio
ns o
f th
e re
port
, re
quir
es th
at c
ourt
s and
, in
man
y ca
ses,
pro
secu
tors
, hav
e kn
owle
dge
of
offe
nder
s' pa
st c
rim
inal
invo
lvem
ent.
Thi
s m
eans
that
they
mus
t hav
e in
form
atio
n co
ncer
ning
not
onl
y th
e nu
mbe
r, n
am
and
date
s of
pre
viou
s co
nvic
tions
, but
als
o in
som
e ca
ses
mus
t kno
w w
heth
er th
e of
fend
er h
as
serv
ed p
revi
ous
pris
on t
erm
s, w
heth
er
the
offe
nder
was
on
bail
or u
nder
so
me
othe
r fo
rm o
f su
perv
isio
n at
the
time
of a
rres
t for
the
new
or
prio
r of
fens
es, a
nd w
heth
er th
e ne
w a
nd
prio
r in
cide
nts o
f cr
imin
al
invo
lvem
ent w
ere
sepa
rate
d by
pe
riods
dur
ing
whi
ch th
e in
divi
dual
w
as f
ree
of c
rim
inal
invo
lvem
ent.
As
in th
e ca
se o
f th
e st
atut
es c
ited
in
earl
ier p
arts
of
this
repo
rt, v
irtu
ally
al
l of
the
habi
tual
cri
min
al la
ws,
en
hanc
ed s
ente
ncin
g la
ws
and
offe
nse-
up
grad
e la
ws
cite
d in
thi
s pa
rt ta
ke
into
acc
ount
off
ense
s com
mitt
ed in
an
y S
tate
or F
eder
al c
ourt
and
, in
som
e ca
ses,
in te
rrito
rial
or f
orei
gn
cour
ts a
s w
ell.
Pro
batio
n E
ligib
ility
Tab
le 6
list
s law
s th
at re
quir
e or
pe
rmit
the
cons
ider
atio
n of
an
offe
nder
's pr
ior c
rim
inal
his
tory
in
deci
ding
whe
ther
to p
lace
the
offe
nder
on
pro
batio
n. A
s no
ted
prev
ious
ly,
virt
ually
all
of
the
habi
tual
off
ende
r la
ws
liste
d in
Tab
le 5
and
man
y of
th
e re
peat
off
ende
r and
sen
tenc
e en
hanc
emen
t law
s lis
ted
in T
able
4
prov
ide
for m
anda
tory
pris
on te
rms,
fo
recl
osin
g pr
obat
ion
as a
pos
sibl
e se
nten
ce.
In a
dditi
on, p
roba
tion
is
com
mon
ly p
rohi
bite
d fo
r per
sons
co
nvic
ted
of e
num
erat
ed se
riou
s of
fens
es, s
uch
as m
urde
r or o
ther
of
fens
es in
volv
ing
viol
ence
. W
here
pr
obat
ion
is n
ot p
rohi
bite
d, h
owev
er,
cour
ts g
ener
ally
hav
e th
e op
tion
of
orde
ring
an o
ffen
der p
lace
d on
pr
obat
ion.
A
lthou
gh i
t may
be
assu
med
that
, eve
n in
the
abs
ence
of
stat
utor
y au
thor
ity, a
pri
or c
rim
inal
hi
stor
y re
cord
wou
ld b
e a
prop
er
cons
ider
atio
n in
pro
batio
n de
cisi
ons,
m
any
Stat
es h
ave
enac
ted
law
s ex
pres
sly
requ
iring
or a
utho
rizi
ng
such
con
side
ratio
n.
Wes
t Vir
gini
a la
w, f
or e
xam
ple,
pr
ovid
es th
at n
o pe
rson
con
vict
ed o
f a
felo
ny s
hall
be s
ente
nced
to p
roba
tion
unle
ss th
e co
urt s
hall
have
rece
ived
an
d co
nsid
ered
a p
rese
nten
ce re
port
whi
ch "
shal
l in
clud
e in
fom
atio
n co
ncer
ning
the
offe
nder
's co
urt a
nd
crim
inal
reco
rd."
G
eorg
ia la
w
prov
ides
that
, unl
ess
prob
atio
n is
pr
ohib
ited
unde
r ot
her p
rovi
sion
s of
law
, a c
ourt
may
pla
ce a
n of
fend
er o
n pr
obat
ion
if, a
mon
g ot
her t
hing
s, th
e of
fend
er is
dee
med
not
like
ly to
en
gage
in f
urth
er c
rim
inal
con
duct
. B
efor
e m
akin
g th
is d
ecis
ion,
the
cour
t is
requ
ired
to re
ques
t a p
roba
tion
supe
rvis
or to
file
a re
port
whi
ch m
ust
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
conc
erni
ng th
e of
fend
er's prior
crim
ind
reco
rd, i
f an
y. S
outh
Car
olin
a la
w p
rovi
des
that
if th
e se
rvic
es of
a p
roba
tion
offi
cer a
re av
aila
ble,
no
offe
nder
may
be
pla
ced
on p
roba
tion
unle
ss th
e co
urt r
ecei
ves a
nd c
onsi
ders
a re
port
th
at m
ust i
nclu
de in
form
atio
n ab
out
the
offe
nder
's pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
re
cord
. So
uth
Dak
ota
law
pro
vide
s th
at a
pre
sent
ence
repo
rt, w
ith
info
rmat
ion
abou
t any
pri
or o
ffen
ses,
m
ust b
e co
mpi
led
and
cons
ider
ed p
rior
to o
rder
ing
prob
atio
n un
less
the
defe
ndan
t wai
ves t
he re
quire
men
t or
the
cour
t fin
ds it
to b
e un
nece
ssar
y an
d so
sta
tes i
n th
e re
cord
.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
In I
llino
is, c
ourt
s are
requ
ired
to
impo
se a
sen
tenc
e of
pro
batio
n or
co
nditi
onal
dis
char
ge u
nles
s th
e of
- fe
nse
carr
ies
a m
anda
tory
pris
on te
rm
or, "
havi
ng re
gard
to th
e na
ture
and
ci
rcum
stan
ces
of t
he o
ffen
se an
d th
e hi
stor
y, c
hara
cter
and
con
ditio
n of
the
of
fend
er,"
the
cour
t dec
ides
that
irn-
pris
onm
ent i
s ne
cess
ary
to p
rote
ct th
e pu
blic
or t
o av
oid
depr
ecat
ing
the
se-
riou
snes
s of
the
offe
nse.
Neb
rask
a L
has
a si
mila
r pro
visi
on th
at e
stab
- lis
hes
prob
atio
n as
a p
resu
mpt
ive
t
sent
ence
for o
ffen
ses
that
do
not c
arry
m
anda
tory
pri
son
term
s, u
nles
s im
- pr
ison
men
t is
nece
ssar
y to
pro
tect
the
publ
ic fr
om t
he ri
sk o
f fu
rthe
r cri
mi-
na
l con
duct
. T
he la
w f
urth
er p
rovi
des
that
a fa
ctor
in f
avor
of
prob
atio
n sh
all b
e th
at th
e of
fend
er h
as n
o hi
s-
tory
of j
uven
ile o
r cri
min
al c
ondu
ct
and
has
led
a la
w-a
bidi
ng li
fe fo
r a
subs
tant
ial p
erio
d be
fore
the
inst
ant
offe
nse.
Haw
aii a
nd O
hio
also
hav
e st
atut
ory
prov
isio
ns a
utho
rizi
ng
cour
ts to
con
side
r the
abs
ence
of p
rior
cr
imin
al a
ctiv
ity a
s a
fact
or fa
vori
ng
prob
atio
n. K
ansa
s la
w p
rovi
des
that
t
prob
atio
n sh
all b
e th
e pr
esum
ptiv
e se
nten
ce fo
r per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f fe
loni
es o
f th
e le
ast s
erio
us c
lass
who
k
have
no
prev
ious
cri
min
al re
cord
s.
\ In
add
ition
to th
ese
stat
utes
m
akin
g an
off
ende
r's p
rior
cri
min
al
reco
rd a
man
dato
ry o
r dis
cret
iona
ry
\ fa
ctor
in p
roba
tion
dete
rmin
atio
ns,
I nu
mer
ous
Sta
tes h
ave
prov
isio
ns.
1 de
nyin
g or
lim
iting
pro
batio
n
elig
ibili
ty fo
r per
sons
with
spe
cifi
ed
prio
r co
nvic
tions
. Fo
r ex
ampl
e, a
C
olor
ado
law
pro
vide
s th
at p
roba
tion
may
not
be
orde
red
for a
ny o
ffen
der
with
two
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
co
nvic
tions
or a
n of
fend
er w
ith o
ne o
r m
ore
prio
r fel
onie
s who
is
conv
icte
d of
a c
lass
1,2
or 3
felo
ny.
Mis
siss
ippi
law
pro
hibi
ts p
roba
tion
fdr a
ny c
onvi
cted
off
ende
r who
has a
pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n. N
orth
C
arol
ina
law
pro
hibi
ts p
roba
tion
for
pers
ons
conv
icte
d fo
r the
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt ti
me
of o
ffen
ses
invo
lvin
g de
adly
wea
pons
. G
eorg
ia la
w
proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r per
sons
co
nvic
ted
for t
he s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
time
of b
urgl
ary
or a
rmed
robb
ery
or
conv
icte
d fo
r the
third
or s
ubse
quen
t tim
e of
sex
ual o
ffen
ses a
gain
st
child
ren.
Cal
ifor
nia
law
pro
hibi
ts
prob
atio
n fo
r per
sons
who
hav
e tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns in
C
alif
orni
a or
els
ewhe
re, "
exce
pt in
un
usua
l cas
es w
here
the
inte
rest
s of
just
ice
wou
ld b
e be
st s
erve
d if
the
pers
on is
gra
nted
pro
batio
n."
Pre
sent
ence
Rep
orts
As
Tab
le 7
sho
ws,
alm
ost a
ll of
th
e ju
risd
ictio
ns h
ave
stat
utes
or c
ourt
ru
les
that
requ
ire
or a
utho
rize
se
nten
cing
judg
es t
o or
der t
he
prep
arat
ion
of p
rese
nten
ce re
ports
to
guid
e th
e se
nten
cing
dec
isio
n.
Vir
tual
ly all
of th
ese
prov
isio
ns
requ
ire
the
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt to
in
clud
e in
form
atio
n ab
out t
he
offe
nder
's pr
ior c
rim
inal
his
tory
. So
me
of t
he s
tatu
tes r
equi
re th
e pr
epar
atio
n of
pre
sent
ence
repo
rts in
al
l cas
es, i
nclu
ding
felo
nies
and
m
isde
mea
nors
. For
exa
mpl
e, th
e Fe
dera
l sta
tute
s ci
ted
in T
able
7, i
n co
mbi
natio
n w
ith t
he c
ited
prov
isio
ns
of t
he F
eder
al R
ules
of
Cri
min
al
Proc
edur
e, re
quire
cou
rts to
ord
er a
pr
obat
ion
offi
cer t
o co
nduc
t a
pres
ente
nce
inve
stig
atio
n an
d re
port
to
the
cour
t bef
ore
the
impo
sitio
n of
se
nten
ce u
nles
s th
e co
urt f
inds
that
th
ere
is in
form
atio
n in
the
reco
rd
suff
icie
nt to
ena
ble
the
mea
ning
ful
exer
cise
of
sent
enci
ng a
utho
rity
. T
he
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt is
requ
ired
to
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
conc
erni
ng th
e na
ture
and
circ
umst
ance
s of
the
of
fens
e an
d th
e hi
stor
y an
d ch
arac
teri
stic
s of
the
offe
nder
, in
clud
ing
spec
ific
ally
any
prio
r cri
min
al re
cord
. Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia's
law
als
o re
quire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
ports
pr
ior
to s
ente
ncin
g in
all
case
s. T
he
repo
rt m
ust i
nclu
de a
ll cr
imin
al
char
ges b
roug
ht in
any
cou
rt a
gain
st
the
defe
ndan
t and
the
stat
us o
r di
spos
ition
of
such
cha
rges
, as
wel
l as
an
indi
catio
n of
whe
ther
the
defe
ndan
t is
then
ser
ving
any
term
of
impr
ison
men
t or
is o
n pr
obat
ion
or
paro
le w
ith r
efer
ence
to a
ny s
uch
char
ges.
M
ore
com
mon
ly, h
owev
er, t
he
stat
utes
requ
ire
the
prep
arat
ion
of p
re-
sent
ence
repo
rts
in f
elon
y ca
ses
and
mak
e th
em d
iscr
etio
nary
with
the
cour
t in
mis
dem
eano
r cas
es.
For e
xam
ple,
Flo
rida
law
pro
vide
s th
at p
rior
to
the
sent
enci
ng o
f a
per-
so
n w
ho h
as b
een
foun
d gu
ilty
or h
as
plea
ded
guilt
y or
nol
o co
nten
dere
, the
cour
t sha
ll in
a fe
lony
cas
e, a
nd m
ay
in a
mis
dem
eano
r cas
e, re
fer t
he c
ase
to th
e D
epar
tmen
t of C
orre
ctio
ns fo
r in
vest
igat
ion
and
reco
mm
enda
tion.
T
he D
epar
tmen
t's r
epor
t is
requ
ired
to
set o
ut, a
mon
g ot
her t
hing
s, "a
n ex
- pl
anat
ion
of t
he o
ffen
der's
cri
min
al
reco
rd, i
f an
y, in
clud
ing
his
vers
ion
and
expl
anat
ion
of a
ny p
revi
ous
of-
fens
es."
Kan
sas l
aw m
akes
pre
sen-
te
nce
repo
rts d
iscr
etio
nary
in m
isde
- m
eano
r ca
ses,
but
pro
vide
s th
at c
ourt
s m
ust o
rder
the
prep
arat
ion
of p
rese
n-
tenc
e re
port
s in
felo
ny c
ases
"un
less
th
e co
urt f
inds
that
ade
quat
e an
d cu
r-
rent
info
rmat
ion
is a
vaila
ble
in a
pre
-vi
ous
pres
ente
nce
inve
stig
atio
n re
port
or
from
oth
er s
ourc
es."
The
law
pro
- vi
des
that
pre
sent
ence
repo
rts
shal
l, ex
cept
for g
ood
caus
e sh
own,
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
conc
erni
ng, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs, "
the
crim
inal
reco
rd, s
ocia
l hi
stor
y an
d pr
esen
t con
ditio
n of
the
de
fend
ant"
The
law
fur
ther
requ
ires
all g
over
nmen
tal a
genc
ies
to f
urni
sh
allr
eque
sted
rec
ords
exce
pt w
here
sp
ecif
ical
ly p
rohi
bite
d by
law
.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Oth
er S
tate
stat
utes
leav
e th
e m
atte
r of p
rese
nten
ce re
ports
to th
e di
scre
tion
of t
he c
ourts
in all
case
s.
As
an e
xam
ple,
Del
awar
e's la
w
prov
ides
that
upo
n co
nvic
tion
of a
ny
pers
on fo
r any
crim
e and
bef
ore
sent
enci
ng, t
he c
ourt
may
, bef
ore
impo
sing
sen
tenc
e, d
irect
a p
roba
tion
offic
er "t
o th
orou
ghly
inve
stig
ate
and
repo
rt up
on th
e hi
stor
y of
the
accu
sed
and
any
and
all
othe
r rel
evan
t fac
ts."
Su
ch o
ffic
er is
requ
ired
to in
vest
igat
e,
amon
g ot
her t
hing
s, th
e "c
rimin
al
reco
rd, s
ocia
l his
tory
and
beh
avio
r pa
ttern
" of
the
offe
nder
and
to f
ile a
re
port
that
mus
t inc
lude
, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, "an
eva
luat
ion
of th
e of
fend
er's
crim
inal
con
duct
" T
he a
genc
ies o
rder
ed to
pre
pare
pr
esen
tenc
e rep
orts
(und
er th
e la
ws
liste
d in
Tab
le 7
) gen
eral
ly a
re
perm
itted
tim
e fo
r inv
estig
atio
n an
d co
mpi
latio
n of
nee
ded
info
rmat
ion.
T
hus
they
are
not
as
cons
train
ed as
are
polic
e of
fici
als,
cour
t co
mm
issi
oner
s and
oth
ers w
ho n
eed
to o
btai
n cr
imin
al re
cord
info
rmat
ion
as q
uick
ly a
s pos
sibl
e. F
or e
xam
ple,
th
ere
gene
rally
will
be
time
for
agen
cies
pre
parin
g pr
esen
tenc
e rep
orts
to
obt
ain
a fin
gerp
rint-b
ased
sear
ch o
f th
e St
ate'
s cr
imin
al re
cord
sys
tem
, th
us a
void
ing
the
risk
of m
issi
ng a
pr
evio
us re
cord
bec
ause
the
subj
ect
gave
a fi
ctiti
ous
nam
e. T
here
may
al
so b
e su
ffic
ient
tim
e to
rmei
ve a
re
spon
se fr
om th
e FB
I ind
icat
ing
whe
ther
the
subj
ect h
as a
n ar
rest
in
anot
her j
uris
dict
ion.
Fin
ally
, the
re
may
be
suff
icie
nt ti
me
to c
onta
ct
cour
ts a
nd c
orre
ctio
nal a
genc
ies,
if
nece
ssar
y, to
obt
ain
mis
sing
di
spos
ition
info
rmat
ion
or to
ver
ify
the
accu
racy
of r
ecor
ded
atre
st an
d di
spos
ition
info
rmat
ion.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Tabl
e 3
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
upgr
aded
cha
rges
for
offe
nder
s w
ith p
rior
con
vict
ions
(N
ote:
Sta
tm w
hich
do
wr
have
sl
am
pmvi
ding
for
upg
rade
d c
bg
m fo
r of
fede
ra w
ithpr
ior
conv
ictio
m a
re o
mitt
edfm
m the t
able
.)
Sta
te
Cita
tion
Ala
bam
a 13
A-1
2-21
3 A
lask
a 11
.46.
130
11.4
6.14
0
11.4
6.22
0
11.4
6.48
4
11.7
1.01
0
Ari
zona
13
-140
6.01
13-3
410
- 13-3
415
28-6
92.0
1 .E
Cal
ifor
nia
Pen.
Cod
e Q
666
Pen.
Cod
e Q
313.
4
Pen.
Cod
e Q
314
Col
orad
o 12
-22-
127
18-1
2-10
8
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tahu
oy p
mvi
rior
rr are w
nw
mi2
6d o
rpm
ap
hrc
d)
Sec
ond
offe
nse
of s
impl
e po
sses
sion
of
mar
ijua
na i
s cl
ass
C f
elon
y.
The
ft o
f pr
oper
ty o
f va
lue
of $
50 -
$500
is c
lass
C f
elon
y if
pers
on h
as
been
con
vict
ed a
nd s
ente
nced
for
the
ft o
r co
ncea
lmen
t off
ense
s tw
ice
wit
hin
the
prev
ious
fiv
e ye
ars.
The
ft o
f pr
oper
ty o
f va
lue
of l
ess
than
$50
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r if
the
pers
on h
as b
een
conv
icte
d an
d se
nten
ced
for
thef
t or
con
ceal
men
t of
fens
es t
wic
e w
ithin
pre
viou
s fi
ve y
ears
.
Con
ceal
men
t of
stol
en m
erch
andi
se b
y a
pers
on w
ho h
as b
een
conv
icte
d an
d se
nten
ced
for
the
sam
e of
fens
e tw
ice
wit
hin
the
prev
ious
fi
ve y
ears
is
a cl
ass
C f
elon
y if
the
valu
e of
the
pro
pert
y is
$50
to
$500
, and
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r if
the
prop
erty
is
a va
lue
unde
r $
50
. C
rim
inal
mis
chie
f in
volv
ing
prop
erty
val
ued
at $
50 -
$500
is a
cla
ss A
m
isde
mea
nor,
but
if t
he p
erso
n ha
s be
en c
onvi
cted
of
crim
inal
m
isch
ief
wit
hin
the
prev
ious
sev
en y
ears
, the
off
ense
is
a cl
ass C
felo
ny.
Dru
g m
isco
nduc
t is
an u
ncla
ssif
ied
felo
ny if
the
cri
min
al o
ffen
se is
a
felo
ny a
nd i
s pa
rt o
f a
cont
inui
ng s
erie
s of
at
leas
t fiv
e dr
ug v
iola
tion
s un
dert
aken
with
at l
east
fiv
e ot
her
pers
ons
supe
rvis
ed b
y th
e of
fend
er.
Fir
st o
ffen
se o
f se
xual
ass
ault
of
a sp
ouse
is a
cla
ss 6
felo
ny;
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
are
clas
s 2
felo
nies
.
Ser
ious
dru
g of
fend
ers
(tho
se w
ho c
omm
it s
erio
us d
rug
offe
nses
as
part
of
a p
atte
rn o
f at
leas
t th
ree
rela
ted
drug
vio
lati
ons)
sha
ll b
e se
nten
ced
to l
ife
impr
ison
men
t.
Con
side
rati
on o
f w
heth
er a
n ob
ject
is
proh
ibit
ed d
rug
para
pher
nali
a sh
all
incl
ude,
am
ong
othe
r fa
ctor
s, a
ny p
rior
dru
g co
nvic
tion
s of
pe
rson
ow
ning
or
cont
roll
ing
the
obje
ct.
Pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
a se
cond
dri
ving
und
er th
e in
flue
nce
of d
rugs
or
alco
hol (
DU
X) v
iola
tion
wit
hin
60 m
onth
s is
gui
lty
of a
cla
ss 1
m
isde
mea
nor.
A t
hird
or
subs
eque
nt v
iola
tion
is
a cl
ass
5 fe
lony
.
Per
son
conv
icte
d of
pet
ty t
heft
aft
er p
revi
ous
conv
icti
on f
or t
heft
, ro
bber
y or
bur
glar
y sh
all b
e se
nten
ced
to u
p to
one
yea
r in
cou
nty
jail.
Per
son
conv
icte
d of
dis
trib
utio
n or
exh
ibit
ion
of h
arm
ful
mat
ter
to
min
or i
s pu
nish
able
by
up to
$2,
000
fine
or
up t
o on
e ye
ar i
n ja
il or
bo
th.
Sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se i
s pu
nish
able
as
a fe
lony
by
impr
ison
men
t in
sta
te p
riso
n.
Inde
cent
exp
osur
e is
pun
isha
ble
by u
p to
one
yea
r in
jail
. S
ubse
quen
t of
fens
e is
pun
isha
ble
as a
fel
ony
and
impr
ison
men
t in
stat
e pr
ison
.
Fir
st o
ffen
se o
f vi
olat
ion
of p
rovi
sion
s re
lati
ng t
o dr
uggi
sts
and
sale
of
dru
gs is
a c
lass
2 m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is a
cl
ass
6 fe
lony
.
Fir
st o
ffen
se o
f po
sses
sion
of
fire
arm
by
conv
icte
d fe
lon
is a
cla
ss 5
fe
lony
. S
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
4 fe
lony
.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
3
17
Tabl
e 3
(co
nt.)
S
tatu
tes
prov
idin
g fo
r up
grad
ed c
harg
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(Not
e: Statex
whi
ch d
o no
t hav
e st
aacr
w p
rovi
ding
for
upgr
aded
cha
rgex
for
offe
nde
n w
ithpr
ior
conv
ictio
nr a
re o
min
edfm
m the
tabl
e.)
Sta
te
Cita
tion
Con
nect
icut
5
3 a-
40
Del
awar
e S
enat
e B
ill
No.
58,
Jul
y 1,
19
89, T
ruth
in
Sen
tenc
ing
Act
Geo
rgia
16
-5-4
5
16-8
-14
16-1
1-12
6
16-1
1-12
8
Idah
o 18
-800
5
Illi
nois
23
-235
5
38-1
1-14
38-1
1-20
38-1
2-15
38-1
6-1
38-2
4-1
38-2
8-3
38-3
3A-3
38-3
7-1
56 1
/2-1
406
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tam
ry p
mvi
sior
u ar
e su
nun@
rize
d or p
map
hm
ed.)
Pro
vide
s fo
r se
nten
cing
of
pers
ons
with
des
igna
ted
prio
r co
nvic
tion
s as
(1)
a p
ersi
sten
t dan
gero
us fe
lony
off
ende
r (c
lass
A f
elon
y), (
2) a
pe
rsis
tent
ser
ious
fel
ony
offe
nder
(ne
xt m
ost
seri
ous
degr
ee o
f fe
lony
),
(3)
a pe
rsis
tent
larc
eny
offe
nder
(cl
ass
D f
elon
y) o
r (4
) a
pers
iste
nt
felo
ny o
ffen
der
(nex
t mos
t se
riou
s d
ep
of f
elon
y).
Cla
ssif
ies
offe
nses
for
sen
tenc
ing
purp
oses
, in
clud
ing
som
e of
fens
es
upgr
aded
bas
ed o
n pr
ior
conv
icti
ons.
Inte
rfer
ence
with
chi
ld c
usto
dy.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a m
isde
mea
nor;
se
cond
off
ense
is u
pgra
ded
mis
dem
eano
r; t
hird
off
ense
is a
fel
ony.
Sho
plif
ting
. F
irst
off
ense
is a
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d of
fens
e is
an
up
grad
ed m
isde
mea
nor
with
man
dato
ry f
ine;
thir
d of
fens
e is
an
up
grad
ed m
isde
mea
nor
with
man
dato
ry ja
il t
erm
; fo
urth
or
subs
eque
nt
offe
nse
is a
fel
ony.
Car
ryin
g co
ncea
led
wea
pon.
F
irst
off
ense
is a
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is
a fe
lony
. C
arry
ing
a fi
rear
m w
ithou
t a
lice
nse.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a m
isde
mea
nor;
se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a f
elon
y.
DUI.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a m
isde
mea
nor
with
pos
sibl
e f
ie an
d ja
il te
rm;
seco
nd o
ffen
se w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
is
a m
isde
mea
nor w
ith m
anda
tory
jail
te
rm;
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
is
a fe
lony
.
Chi
ld e
ndan
germ
ent.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
A m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
4 f
elon
y.
Pro
stit
utio
n. F
irst
and
sec
ond
offe
nses
are
mis
dem
eano
rs; t
hird
and
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s ar
e fe
loni
es.
Obs
ceni
ty i
s a
clas
s A
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
a
clas
s 4
felo
ny.
Cri
min
al se
xual
abu
se is
a c
lass
A m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t of
fens
e is
a c
lass
2 f
elon
y.
The
ft o
f pr
oper
ty n
ot e
xcee
ding
$30
0 in
val
ue i
s a
clas
s A
m
isde
mea
nor,
but
if
the
offe
nder
has
pre
viou
sly been c
onvi
cted
of
thef
t, ro
bber
y, b
urgl
ary,
pos
sess
ion
of b
urgl
ary
tool
s or
hom
e
inva
sion
, the
off
ense
is
a cl
ass
4 fe
lony
.
Unl
awfu
l use
of
wea
pons
. F
irst
off
ense
for
car
ryin
g or
pos
sess
ing
an
unla
wfu
l wea
pon
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r; a
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t vi
olat
ion
is a
cla
ss 4
fel
ony.
Kee
ping
a g
ambl
ing
plac
e.
Fir
st o
ffen
se i
s a
clas
s C
mis
dem
eano
r; a
se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
4 f
elon
y.
Com
mis
sion
of
a fe
lony
with
a c
ateg
ory II w
eapo
n is
a c
lass
2 f
elon
y;
a se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt v
iola
tion
is
a cl
ass
1 fe
lony
.
Mai
ntai
ning
a p
ubli
c nu
isan
ce.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
A
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
4 f
elon
y.
Con
trol
led
subs
tanc
e of
fens
es.
Fir
st o
ffen
ses
are
clas
s A
m
isde
mea
nors
; se
cond
and
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
ses
are
clas
s 4
felo
nies
.
18
Tab
le 3
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
- -
Tabi
e 3
(co
nt.)
S
tatu
tes
prov
idin
g fo
r up
grad
ed c
harg
es f
or o
ffen
ders
with
pri
or
conv
ictio
ns
(Not
e:
Sta
tes
whi
ch &
no
t ha
ve s
tatu
us p
rovi
dn
g fo
r yp
grod
cd c
harg
es fo
r off
ende
rs w
ith
pri
or
conv
ictw
rrr
are
onut
tedf
rom
the t
able
.)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Indi
ana
16-6-8-10
35-43-4-2.5
35-45-4-2
35-43-4-2.3
35-43-5-7
35-45-4-3
35-47-2-23
35-48-4-8.1
35-48-4-8.2
35-48-4-8.3
35-48-4-10
35-48-4-14
Iow
a 714.2
Kan
sas
8-262
65-4127a
Ken
tuck
y 189A.090
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sio
n
(Sta
huor
y pr
ovir
ions
me
sum
ma?
iud
or p
map
hm
ed.)
Ille
gal s
ale
of l
egal
dru
gs.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
D fe
lony
. S
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is a
cla
ss C
fel
ony.
Rec
eivi
ng s
tole
n au
to p
arts
. F
irst
off
ense
is a
cla
ss D
fel
ony.
Se
cond
or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
C f
elon
y.
Pro
stit
utio
n is
a c
lass
A m
isde
mea
nor,
but
bec
omes
a c
lass
D f
elon
y on
th
e th
ird
offe
nse.
Buy
ing
or s
elli
ng p
rope
rty
with
rem
oved
or
alte
red
seri
al n
umbe
r is
a
clas
s A m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is a
cla
ss D
fel
ony.
Wel
fare
frau
d un
der $250
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r, b
ut i
s a
clas
s D
fe
lony
if t
he o
ffen
der
has
a pr
ior
conv
icti
on fo
r w
elfa
re f
raud
.
Patr
oniz
ing
a pr
osti
tute
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r, b
ut i
s a
clas
s D
fe
lony
upo
n th
e th
ird
conv
icti
on.
Car
ryin
g a
hand
gun
with
out
a va
lid
lice
nse
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r,
but
is a
cla
ss D
fel
ony
if th
e of
fend
er h
as a
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
n fo
r th
e sa
me
offe
nse
or a
ny p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
on w
ithi
n th
e pr
evio
us 15
year
s.
Man
ufac
turi
ng d
rug
para
pher
nali
a is
a c
lass
A in
frac
tion
, but
a s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
D f
elon
y.
Dea
ling
in d
rug
para
pher
nali
a is
a c
lass
A in
frac
tion
, but
a s
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is a
cla
ss D
felo
ny.
Poss
essi
on o
f dr
ug p
arap
hern
alia
is a
cla
ss A
infr
acti
on, b
ut a
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is a
cla
ss D
felo
ny.
Rec
kles
s po
sses
sion
of
drug
pa
raph
erna
lia i
s a
clas
s A m
isde
mea
nor,
but
a s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss D
fel
ony.
Dru
g de
alin
g is
a c
lass
A m
isde
mea
nor,
but
a s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss D
fel
ony.
Off
ense
s rel
ated
to
frau
dule
nt d
rug
pres
crip
tion
s ar
e cl
ass
D f
elon
ies,
bu
t se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
are
clas
s C
fel
onie
s.
The
ft o
f pr
oper
ty n
ot o
ver $500
in v
alue
by
one
who
has
tw
ice
been
co
nvic
ted
of t
heft
is
a cl
ass
D f
elon
y.
Dri
ving
with
sus
pend
ed o
r re
voke
d li
cens
e. F
irst
off
ense
is a
cla
ss B
m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r; t
hird
and
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s ar
e cl
ass
E f
elon
ies.
Poss
essi
on, m
anuf
actu
re o
r di
stri
buti
on o
f dr
ugs.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a
clas
s C
fel
ony;
sec
ond
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss B
fel
ony;
thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
of
fens
e is
a c
lass
A f
elon
y.
Dri
ving
with
rev
oked
or
susp
ende
d li
cens
e. F
irst
off
ense
is a
cla
ss B
m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss A m
isde
mea
nor;
thi
rd o
f su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is a
cla
ss D
fel
ony.
Stat
utes
Req
uirin
g th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
3
Tabl
e 3
(co
nt.)
S
tatu
tes
prov
idin
g fo
r up
grad
ed c
harg
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
do
wt
have
sta
tute
s pm
vidi
ng fo
r up
grod
cd c
harg
es fo
r o
ffe
drs
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns a
re o
nu'n
cdfm
m th
e m
e.)
Sta
te
Cita
tion
S
tatu
tory
pro
visi
on
(Sta
tuto
ry p
mvi
rion
r ar
e S
WM
IM'Z
C~
or p
arap
hras
ed)
Mai
ne
17-A
-362
T
heft
is a
cla
ss D
cri
me,
but
if
the
offe
nder
has
two
prio
r th
eft,
forg
ery,
fr
aud,
or
burg
lary
con
vict
ions
in
Mai
ne w
ithi
n th
e pr
evio
us 1
0 ye
ars,
th
e of
fens
e is
a c
lass
C c
rim
e.
17-A
-703
Fo
rger
y is
a cl
ass
D c
rim
e, b
ut if
the
off
ende
r ha
s tw
o pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
thef
t, fr
aud,
bur
glar
y or
rob
bery
, th
e of
fens
e is
a c
lass
C
cri
me.
17-A
-708
N
egot
iatin
g a
wor
thle
ss i
nstr
umen
t is
a cl
ass
D c
rim
e, b
ut if
the
of
fend
er h
as t
wo
prio
r co
nvic
tion
s fo
r th
eft,
wor
thle
ss i
nstr
umen
ts,
burg
lary
or
forg
ery,
the
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss C
cri
me.
17-A
-110
5
A p
erso
n ch
arge
d w
ith t
raff
icki
ng o
r fu
rnis
hing
of
sche
dule
d dr
ugs
is
guil
ty o
f ag
grav
ated
traf
fick
ing
or f
urni
shin
g if
he h
as a
pri
or
wnv
icti
on f
or a
fel
ony
drug
off
ense
; ag
grav
ated
traf
fick
ing
or
furn
ishi
ng is
a c
rim
e on
e cl
ass
mor
e se
riou
s th
an s
impl
e tr
affi
ckin
g or
fu
rnis
hing
.
17-A
-292
2
Sexu
al e
xplo
itat
ion
of a
min
or i
s a
clas
s B
cri
me,
but
if
the
offe
nder
ha
s a
prio
r w
nvic
tion
for
the
sam
e of
fens
e, th
e of
fens
e is
a c
lass
A
crim
e.
17-2
923
D
isse
min
atio
n of
sex
uall
y ex
plic
it m
ater
ials
is
a cl
ass
C c
rim
e, b
ut i
f th
e of
fend
er h
as a
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
n fo
r th
e sa
me
offe
nse,
the
offe
nse
is
a cl
ass
B c
rim
e.
29-1
312-
B
DU
I. F
irst
con
vict
ions
are
pun
isha
ble
by f
ines
and
sus
pens
ion
of
lice
nse;
sec
ond
and
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
wit
hin
six
year
s ar
e pu
nish
able
by
heav
y fi
nes
and
man
dato
ry ja
il se
nten
ces.
Mic
higa
n 25
7.62
5
DU
I. F
irst
and
sec
ond
offe
nses
are
mis
dem
eano
rs w
ith
esca
lati
ng f
ines
an
d ja
il te
rms;
thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s w
ithi
n 10
yea
r pe
riod
are
pu
nish
able
as
felo
nies
.
750.
131
B
ad c
heck
off
ense
s es
cala
te f
rom
mis
dem
eano
rs to
fel
onie
s de
pend
ing
on t
he a
mou
nt in
volv
ed a
nd t
he n
umbe
r of
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
750.
451
P
rost
itut
ion.
F
ist
offe
nse
is a
vio
lati
on;
seco
nd o
ffen
se i
s a
mis
dem
eano
r; t
hiid
off
ense
is
a fe
lony
.
750.
535
R
ecei
ving
sto
len
prop
erty
is
a fe
lony
if t
he v
alue
of
the
prop
erty
ex
ceed
s $1
00 a
nd a
mis
dem
eano
r if
the
valu
e is
$10
0 or
les
s, b
ut a
th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is a
fel
ony
rega
rdle
ss o
f th
e va
lue
of t
he
prop
erty
.
Mis
siss
ippi
97
-23-
93
Sho
plif
ting
of
prop
erty
of
a va
lue
of $
250
or l
ess.
F
irst
and
sec
ond
conv
icti
ons
are
mis
dem
eano
rs w
ith e
scal
atin
g fi
nes
and
jail
ter
ms;
th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is a
fel
ony.
Mis
sour
i 19
5.27
5, .
285,
.29
1, .
292,
D
rug
offe
nses
. P
rovi
des
for
upgr
aded
sen
tenc
es f
or p
rior
dru
g of
fend
ers
.295
, .2
96
(one
pre
viou
s fe
lony
dru
g of
fens
e) a
nd p
ersi
sten
t dru
g of
fend
ers
(tw
o or
mor
e pr
evio
us f
elon
y dr
ug o
ffen
ses)
.
570.
040
T
heft
. T
hird
off
ense
is a
cla
ss C
fel
ony
wit
hout
rega
rd to
the
val
ue o
f th
e pr
oper
ty.
577.
012;
577
.023
D
UI.
F
irst
off
ense
is a
cla
ss C
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d of
fens
e w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
is
a cl
ass
A m
isde
mea
nor;
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se w
ithi
i 10
yea
rs i
s a
clas
s D
fel
ony.
-
20
Tab
le 3
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 3
(co
nt.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
upgr
aded
cha
rges
for
offe
nder
s w
ith p
rior
con
vict
ions
(N
ote:
S
ratw
whi
ch &
not
have
sta
tute
spr
ovid
ing f
or
upgr
aded
char
ge8 f
or o
findu
rn
with
pri
or
conv
ictio
ns a
re o
mif
ird
fro
m th
e ta
ble.
)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
pm
visi
onr
are
swn
mar
iud
orp
arap
hm
sed
)
---".
". -
Nev
ada
201.
195
Sol
icit
atio
n of
min
or.
Fir
st o
ffen
se i
s a
gros
s m
isde
mem
or;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is
a fe
lony
.
201.
210
Lew
dnes
s.
Firs
t off
ense
is a
gro
ss m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t -of
fens
e is
a f
elon
y.
201.
220
Inde
cent
exp
osue
. F
ist
offe
nse
is a
gro
ss m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a f
elon
y.
200.
571
Har
assm
ent.
Firs
t off
ense
is a
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse
is a
gro
ss m
isde
mea
nor.
202.
350
Wea
pons
off
ense
s.
Firs
t of
fens
e is
a g
ross
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is
a fe
lony
.
New
Ham
pshi
re
265:
82-b
D
UI.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a v
iola
tion
; sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
with
in
seve
n ye
ars
is a
mis
dem
eano
r.
637:
11
The
ft o
f pr
oper
ty o
f $5
00 v
alue
or
less
is a
mis
dem
eano
r, b
ut t
hird
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
B f
elon
y.
New
Mex
ico
30-1
6-2
Rob
bery
with
dea
dly
wea
pon.
F
irst
off
ense
is a
sec
ond
degr
ee f
elon
y;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is a
fir
st d
egre
e fe
lony
.
30-9
-2
Pro
stit
utio
n. F
irst
off
ense
is
a pe
tty
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is a
mis
dem
eano
r.
30-9
-3
Patr
oniz
ing
a pr
osti
tute
is
a pe
tty
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse
is a
mis
dem
eano
r.
Nor
th C
arol
ina
14-1
07
Wor
thle
ss c
heck
off
ense
s.
Fis
t of
fens
e is
a m
isde
mea
nor;
fou
rth
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
are
gene
ral m
isde
mea
nors
.
14-3
22
Aba
ndon
men
t or
non-
supp
ort o
f sp
ouse
or
chil
dren
. F
irst
off
ense
is
a vi
olat
ion;
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is
a m
isde
mea
nor.
20-1
79
DU
I. P
rovi
des
for
five
leve
ls o
f pu
nish
men
t dep
endi
ng o
n, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs, n
umbe
r of
pri
or D
UI
conv
icti
ons
wit
hin
desi
gnat
ed
peri
ods
of y
ears
.
90-9
5(e)
D
rug
offe
nses
. P
resc
ribe
s pu
nish
men
ts e
scal
atin
g fr
om m
isde
mea
nors
to
fel
ony
offe
nses
dep
endi
ng o
n nu
mbe
r of
pre
viou
s co
nvic
tion
s.
148-
45
Esc
ape
from
a s
tate
pri
son
faci
lity
is
a m
isde
mea
nor,
but
if
the
pers
on
has
prev
ious
ly b
een
conv
icte
d of
esc
ape,
the
off
ense
is
a cl
ass
J fe
lony
.
Nor
th D
akot
a 12
.1-3
2-01
C
lass
ific
atio
n of
cri
min
al o
ffen
ses.
P
rovi
des
for
offe
nses
ran
ging
fr
om I
nfra
ctio
ns to
cla
ss A
A f
elon
ies.
A s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
infr
acti
on o
ffen
se w
ithi
n on
e ye
ar b
ecom
es a
cla
ss B
mis
dem
eano
r.
Ohi
o 29
13.0
2 T
heft
. O
ffen
ses r
ange
fro
m f
ist d
egre
e m
isde
mea
nors
to s
econ
d de
gree
fe
loni
es d
epen
ding
upo
n ty
pe a
nd v
alue
of
stol
en p
rope
rty
and
num
ber
of p
revi
ous
thef
t of
fens
es.
2915
.02
Gam
blin
g.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a f
irst
deg
ree
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is a
fou
rth
degr
ee f
elon
y.
2919
.25
Dom
estic
Vio
lenc
e.
Cer
tain
off
ense
s es
cala
te f
rom
fou
rth
degr
ee
mis
dem
eano
rs t
o fo
urth
deg
ree
felo
nies
if t
he o
ffen
der h
as a
pri
or
conv
icti
on.
2925
.03
Dru
g tr
affi
ckin
g. O
ffen
ses
are
upgr
aded
in
degr
ee and m
anda
tory
se
nten
ces a
re re
quir
ed if
the
off
ende
r ha
s pr
ior
drug
off
ense
co
nvic
tion
s.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n Ta
ble
3 21
Tabl
e 3
(co
nt.)
S
tatu
tes
prov
idin
g fo
r up
grad
ed c
harg
es fo
r of
fend
ers
wlth
pri
or C
Onv
iCtiO
nS
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
do
nor
have
sta
tute
s pm
vidn
g fo
r up
grad
ed c
harg
es fo
r of
fend
ers w
ith p
rior
con
vict
ionr
are
om
itte
dfro
m t
h ta
ble.
)
Sta
te
Ohi
o (c
ont.)
Okl
ahom
a
Ore
gon
Pen
nsyl
vani
a
Pue
rto
Ric
o
Sou
th C
arol
ina
Sou
th D
akot
a
Ten
ness
ee
Tex
as
Uta
h
Cit
atio
n
2929
.12
2923
.12
2950
.99
3719
.99
47-1
1-9
02
63-2
-402
.B
165.
065
Or.
Adm
in. R
ules
253
-02-
00
1 et
seq
.
18-3
929,
392
9.1
24-2
401
44-5
3-39
5
32-2
3-2,
3,
4
39-6
-41 7
(b)(
2)
Pen.
Cod
e 8
25.0
5
Pen.
Cod
e 31
.03
Pen.
Cod
e 4
43.0
2
76-5
-202
(1)(
h)
58-3
7-8
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
isio
nr m
e su
mm
ariz
ed o
r pm
aphr
awd.
)
Sent
enci
ng c
rite
ria
for
felo
ny o
ffen
ses.
Pe
rmits
cou
rt to
con
side
r
offe
nder
's p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ry in
im
posi
ng s
ente
nce
for
felo
nies
for
w
hich
an
inde
fini
te te
rm i
s sp
ecif
ied.
Car
ryin
g co
ncea
led
dead
ly w
eapo
ns.
Fis
t off
ense
is a
fir
st d
egre
e
mis
dem
eano
r, bu
t es
cala
tes
to a
thir
d de
gree
fel
ony
if t
he o
ffen
der h
as a
pr
ison
con
vict
ion
for
a w
eapo
ns o
ffen
se o
r a
viol
ent o
ffen
se.
Sex
off
ense
s.
Fis
t off
ense
s ar
e fi
rst d
egre
e m
isde
mea
nors
; sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
are
four
th d
egre
e fe
loni
es.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Off
ense
s ar
e up
grad
ed if
off
ende
rs h
ave
prio
r dr
ug
offe
nse
conv
icti
ons.
Rec
kles
s dr
ivin
g an
d D
UI.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
co
nvic
tion
with
in 1
0 ye
ars
is a
fel
ony.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Fis
t of
fens
e is
a f
elon
y; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se
is a
mor
e se
riou
s fe
lony
pun
isha
ble
by u
p to
20
year
s.
Bad
che
cks.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
A m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se w
ithin
fiv
e ye
ars
is a
cla
ss C
fel
ony.
Sent
enci
ng g
uide
lines
tha
t pr
ovid
e fo
r up
grad
ing
of v
ario
us o
ffen
ses
ba
sed
upon
, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, pr
ior
conv
icti
ons.
Ret
ail
thef
t and
lib
rary
the
ft.
If p
rope
rty
is v
alue
d at
les
s th
an $
150,
fi
rst o
ffen
se is
a summary o
ffen
se a
nd s
econ
d of
fens
e is
a s
econ
d
degr
ee m
isde
mea
nor.
If
prop
erty
is
valu
ed a
t $1
50 o
r m
ore,
fir
st
offe
nse
is a
Fis
t deg
ree
mis
dem
eano
r and
sec
ond
offe
nse
is a
thir
d
degr
ee f
elon
y.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Off
ense
s es
cala
te to
fel
onie
s w
ith m
anda
tory
jail
term
s
if of
fend
er h
as p
rior
dru
g co
nvic
tions
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pena
lty f
or v
iola
tion
s re
lati
ng t
o dr
ug p
resc
ript
ions
es
cala
tes
from
a m
isde
mea
nor f
or a
fir
st o
ffen
se to
a f
elon
y fo
r a
se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
DU
I. F
ist
and
seco
nd o
ffen
ses
are
clas
s 1
mis
dem
eano
rs, t
hud
offe
nse
is
a c
lass
6 f
elon
y.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Fis
t of
fens
e is
a m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
offe
nse
is a
m
isde
mea
nor w
ith a
man
dato
ry ja
il te
rm;
thid
off
ense
is a
fel
ony.
Cri
min
al n
on-s
uppo
rt.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
A m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
a th
ird
degr
ee f
elon
y.
The
ft.
If pr
oper
ty i
s un
der
$20
in v
alue
, fis
t off
ense
is a
cla
ss C
m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss B
mis
dem
eano
r. I
f th
e
prop
erty
val
ue i
s $2
00 to
$75
0, th
e fi
st o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
A
mis
dem
eano
r an
d th
e se
cond
off
ense
is a
thi
rd d
egre
e fe
lony
.
Pros
titut
ion.
Fi
rst
offe
nse
is a
cla
ss B
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is a
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r.
Mur
der.
Cri
min
al h
omic
ide
is m
urde
r in
the
fir
st d
egre
e if
, in
ter
alia
, th
e of
fend
er h
as a
pre
viou
s co
nvic
tion
for
firs
t or
seco
nd d
egre
e m
urde
r
or a
ny v
iole
nt f
elon
y.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for u
pgra
ded
offe
nse
leve
ls f
or v
ario
us d
rug
of
fens
es b
ased
upo
n pr
ior
drug
off
ense
con
vict
ions
.
22
Tab
le 3
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 3
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovld
ing
for
upgr
aded
cha
rges
for
offe
nder
s w
ith p
rior
con
vict
ions
(N
ote:
Sta
t~w
hich
do
not ha
ve b
tah
tw p
rovi
ding
for
upgr
aded
clu
rgufo
rof
fend
m w
ithpr
ior
con
vicl
io~ar
e om
ined
fmm
tk
tabl
e.)
Sta
te
Cita
tion
Vir
gini
a 18
.2-3
74
18.2
-270
18.2
-250
.1
18.2
-25
1
46.2
-301
46.2
-341
.28
Was
hing
ton
9.94
A.3
10 e
t se
q.
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
17C
-5-2
60-6
-12
61-3
-13;
61
-11-
20
Wis
cons
in
944.
21
Wyo
min
g 6-
4-40
3
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(
Sta
~r
yprov
kwnr
me
.wm
awiu
:d o
rpar
aphra
rcd.
)
Obs
cene
mat
eria
l, F
irst
off
ense
s ar
e cl
ass
4 an
d 5
felo
nies
; sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
are
clas
s 6
felo
nies
.
DU
I. F
ist o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
1 m
isde
mea
nor;
seco
nd a
nd s
ubse
quen
t of
fens
es a
re s
ubje
ct to
esc
alat
ing
man
dato
ry f
ines
and
jail
ter
ms.
Pos
sess
ion
of m
arij
uana
. F
irst
off
ense
is
a si
mpl
e m
isde
mea
nor;
se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
1 m
isde
mea
nor.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Fir
st o
ffen
ders
may
be
plac
ed o
n pr
obat
ion.
Dri
ving
with
sus
pend
ed o
r re
voke
d li
cens
e.
Fis
t of
fens
e is
a c
lass
2
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
1 m
isde
mea
nor.
DU
I (c
omm
erci
al v
ehic
le).
F
irst
off
ense
is a
cla
ss 1
mis
dem
eano
r;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s ar
e pu
nish
able
by
esca
lati
ng f
ines
and
m
anda
tory
jail
ter
ms.
Sen
tenc
ing
Gui
deli
nes.
P
rovi
des
for
pres
umpt
ive
sent
enci
ng r
ange
s fo
r cr
imin
al o
ffen
ses
base
d up
on s
erio
usne
ss o
f th
e of
fens
e an
d nu
mbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns.
DU
I. F
irst
off
ense
s ar
e m
isde
mea
nors
; se
cond
off
ense
s ar
e m
isde
mea
nors
with
esc
alat
ing
man
dato
ry ja
il t
erm
s; t
hird
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
are
felo
nies
.
Ille
gal
tran
spor
tati
on o
f li
quor
. F
irst
off
ense
is
a m
isde
mea
nor;
se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se is
a f
elon
y.
Pet
it la
rcen
y.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
offe
nse
is a
fe
lony
.
Obs
ceni
ty.
Fir
st o
ffen
se is
a c
lass
A f
orfe
itur
e; s
econ
d of
fens
e is
a
clas
s A
mis
dem
eano
r; t
hud
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is a
cla
ss D
fel
ony.
Aba
ndon
men
t or
enda
nger
men
t of
chil
dren
. F
irst
off
ense
is a
m
isde
mea
nor;
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
is a
fel
ony.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
3
23
Tabl
e 4
S
tatu
tes
prov
idin
g fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
for
offe
nder
s w
ith p
rior
con
vlct
lons
(N
or:
Sta
rs w
hich
do
not
have
~ta
tutap
rovi
ding
for
enha
nced
se&
aces
fo
r of
fend
ers
wit
h pr
ior
co
nv
icfi
O~am o
mitt
edfr
om the t
obk.)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
(Fed
eral
) 18
-924
(c)
18-8
41(h
)
28-9
91 e
l se
q.
Ala
bam
a 15
-18-
9
13A
-5-4
9
13A
-12-
231
20-2
-71 (
a)(3
)
32-5
A-1
91
Ala
ska
12.5
5.12
5,
.I45
12.5
5.17
5
Ari
zona
13
-604
13-6
04.0
1
13-7
03
13.6
04.0
2
Ark
ansa
s 5-
4-60
4
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
(
S~
Wy p
rovi
rio
~rrr
c d
u d
o
rpa
rHra
se
d)
Fire
arm
s vi
olat
ions
. Pr
ovid
es f
or e
nhan
ced
sent
ence
s fo
r se
cond
and
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s in
volv
ing
crim
es o
f vi
olen
ce o
r dr
ug t
raff
icki
ng
com
mitt
ed w
ith a
fir
earm
. F
irst
off
ende
r ge
ts f
ive
year
s (3
0 if
the
wea
pon
is a
mac
hine
gun
or
is e
quip
ped
with
a s
ilenc
er);
sec
ond
and
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ders
get
20
year
s (m
achi
ne g
uns
or s
ilenc
er:
life
w
ithou
t re
leas
e).
Use
of
expl
osiv
es to
com
mit
a fe
lony
. F
irst
off
ense
-on
e to
10
year
s;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s -f
ive
to 2
5 ye
ars
with
no
susp
ensi
on o
r pr
obat
ion.
Fe
dera
l S
ente
ncin
g G
uide
lines
. Pr
ovid
es f
or s
ente
nce
enha
ncem
ents
fo
r al
l exc
ept m
inor
off
ense
s ba
sed
upon
ser
ious
ness
of
the
offe
nse
and
prio
r cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt c
lass
B o
r C
fel
ony
offe
nses
are
incr
ease
d by
one
leve
l of
degr
ee;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
cl
ass
A f
elon
y of
fens
es a
re p
unis
habl
e by
15
year
s to
lif
e.
Cap
ital
offe
nses
. Pr
ovid
es t
hat
aggr
avat
ing
circ
umst
ance
s su
ppor
ting
deat
h se
nten
ce s
hall
incl
ude
fact
that
off
ende
r ha
s pr
evio
usly
bee
n co
nvic
ted
of a
cap
ital
felo
ny o
r a
viol
ent
felo
ny.
Dru
g tr
affi
ckin
g.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -c
lass
A f
elon
y; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse
is p
unis
habl
e un
der
the
habi
tual
fel
ony
offe
nder
law
(13
A-5
-9).
Dru
g of
fens
es- f
ailu
re to
kee
p re
quir
ed r
ecor
ds.
Fis
t off
ense
-cl
ass
A
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se -
clas
s B
fel
ony.
DU
I. Pr
ovid
es f
or e
nhan
ced
pena
lties
for
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t of
fens
es, i
nclu
ding
a m
anda
tory
60-
day
jail
term
for
a th
ird
offe
nse.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
S
ets
out e
nhan
ced
pres
umpt
ive
sent
ence
s fo
r se
cond
and
thi
rd c
onvi
ctio
ns o
f va
riou
s cl
asse
s, if
pri
or o
ffen
ses
occu
rred
with
in 1
0 ye
ars.
Sen
tenc
ing
of f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pr
ovid
es t
hat
the
pres
umpt
ive
sent
ence
s fo
r fe
lony
off
ende
rs m
ay b
e in
crea
sed
if t
he o
ffen
ders
hav
e th
ree
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
.
Sent
enci
ng o
f da
nger
ous
and
repe
titiv
e of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
(up
to f
ive
times
the
nor
mal
sen
tenc
e) f
or p
erso
ns
char
ged
with
fel
onie
s w
ho h
ave
prio
r co
nvic
tions
for
fel
onie
s.
Dan
gero
us c
rim
es a
gain
st c
hild
ren.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pr
esum
ptiv
e se
nten
ces
for
pers
ons
with
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
Cap
ital
offe
nses
. A
ggra
vatin
g ci
rcum
stan
ces
supp
ortin
g de
ath
sent
ence
incl
ude
prio
r co
nvic
tions
for
cap
ital
off
ense
s or
vio
lent
of
fens
es.
Off
ense
s co
mm
itted
whi
le o
n re
leas
e.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
(up
to l
ife
with
out p
arol
e so
oner
tha
n 25
yea
rs)
for
felo
ny o
ffen
ses
com
mitt
ed w
hile
on
paro
le, p
roba
tion
or o
ther
rel
ease
fol
low
ing
a pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n.
Cap
ital
offe
nses
. A
ggra
vatin
g ci
rcum
stan
ces
supp
ortin
g de
ath
sent
ence
incl
ude
prio
r co
nvic
tions
for
vio
lent
fel
onie
s an
d co
mm
issi
on o
f of
fens
e w
hile
esc
aped
aft
er s
ente
ncin
g fo
r fe
lony
co
nvic
tion
.
24
Tab
le 4
St
atut
es R
equi
ting
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(No
u:
Stat
es
Sta
te
Ark
ansa
s (c
ont.)
Cal
ifor
nia
Col
orad
o
Con
nect
icut
Del
awar
e
whi
ch d
o no
t ha
ve s
tuht
tes
prov
idin
g fo
r
Cit
atio
n
16-90-201
20-64-304
Pen.
Cod
e 8 190.05
Pen.
Cod
e 5 190.2
Pen.
Cod
e $ 666.5
Pen.
Cod
e 8 666.7
Pen.
Cod
e 8 667.5
Pen.
Cod
e 5 667.51
Pen.
Cod
e 8 667.6
Pen.
Cod
e 5 667.7
Pen.
Cod
e 8 667.75
Pen
Cod
e 8 667.9, .10
18-18-105
53a-46a
21a-277
1 1-4209.
16-4763
16-4764
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
prw
r co
nvic
abnr
are
om
itted
from
the
tabl
e.)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
ixio
nr a
re s
umm
ariz
ed o
r pm
aphr
ascd
)
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
up
to o
ne
and
one-
half
tim
es t
he n
orm
al s
ente
nce,
dep
endi
ng o
n th
e nu
mbe
r of
pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
and
the
seri
ousn
ess
of t
he n
ew o
ffen
se.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pe
nalt
ies
for
seco
nd o
ffen
ses
(up
to $2,000
fine
and
thre
e to
fiv
e ye
ars)
and
thir
d of
fens
es (
up to
$5,000
fine
and
fiv
e to
10
year
s).
Mur
der.
Prov
ides
tha
t a p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
of s
econ
d de
gree
mur
der w
ho
has
a pr
ior
conv
icti
on fo
r fi
rst
or s
econ
d de
gree
mur
der
shal
l be
sent
ence
d to
lif
e w
itho
ut p
arol
e or
15
year
s to
life
, dep
endi
ng o
n ag
grav
atin
g o
r m
itig
atin
g ci
rcum
stan
ces.
Fis
t de
gree
mur
der.
Pr
ovid
es t
hat
aggr
avat
ing
circ
umst
ance
s su
ppor
ting
dea
th p
enal
ty s
hall
inc
lude
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns f
or F
ist
or
seco
nd d
egre
e m
urde
r.
Felo
ny v
ehic
le th
eft.
Sec
ond
offe
nse
-thr
ee t
o fi
ve y
ears
.
Rec
eivi
ng s
tole
n ve
hicl
es o
r pa
rts.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alty
(up
to
$10,000
fine
or
four
yea
rs, o
r bo
th)
for
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se.
Vio
lent
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r se
nten
ce e
nhan
cem
ents
of
thre
e ye
ars
for
ever
y pr
evio
us p
riso
n te
rm s
erve
d fo
r a
viol
ent
offe
nse
wit
hin 10
year
s.
Lew
d ac
ts w
ith
child
. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pri
son
term
s fo
r pr
evio
us
offe
nses
.
Sex
crim
es.
Prov
ides
for
an
enha
ncem
ent o
f fi
ve y
ears
for
eac
h pr
ior
conv
icti
on w
ithi
n 10
year
s an
d a 10
year
enh
ance
men
t for
eac
h pr
ior
pris
on t
erm
ser
ved
wit
hin 10
year
s.
Vio
lent
off
ense
s. T
wo
prio
r pr
ison
ter
ms
for
such
off
ense
s w
ithi
n 10
year
s -l
ife
with
no
paro
le p
rior
to 20
year
s. Three
or m
ore
prio
r pr
ison
ter
ms
wit
hin 10
year
s -l
ife
wit
hout
par
ole.
Dru
g vi
olat
ions
. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
term
of
life
with
out
paro
le
soon
er th
an 17
year
s if
off
ende
r has
ser
ved
two
or m
ore
pris
on te
rms
for
drug
off
ense
s w
ithin
10
year
s.
Vio
lent
off
ense
s ag
ains
t age
d, d
isab
led
or u
nder
age
pers
ons.
P
rovi
des
for
a tw
o-ye
ar e
nhan
cem
ent f
or e
ach
prio
r co
nvic
tion
for
suc
h of
fens
es.
Dru
g tr
affi
ckin
g.
Pro
vide
s fo
r a
man
dato
ry 20
year
pri
son
term
for
se
cond
off
ense
of
drug
traf
fick
ing
in o
r ne
ar a
sch
ool.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs s
uppo
rtin
g de
ath
pena
lty
shal
l in
clud
e tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
emen
ts fo
r se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt
offe
nses
up
to 30
year
s an
d a $250,000
fie
.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs s
uppo
rtin
g de
ath
pena
lty s
hall
inc
lude
a p
rior
con
vict
ion
for
mur
der,
man
slau
ghte
r or
a vi
olen
t fe
lony
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
for
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses
base
d up
on t
he n
ew o
ffen
se c
omm
itte
d.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r co
ndit
iona
l dis
char
ge f
or f
irst
off
ense
of
poss
essi
on.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Criminal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tab
le 4
25
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
wlth
prl
or c
onvl
ctlo
ns
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
do
not h
ave
staa
ctw
pmvi
Png
for
enha
nced
sent
ence
s for
off
ende
rs m
'thpr
ior
conv
ictio
ns a
re o
mim
dfro
rn th
a ta
b&.)
Sta
te
Del
awar
e (c
ont.)
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a
Flo
rida
Geo
rgia
Haw
aii
Cita
tion
21-4
177
22- 1
04
22-3
204
921.
001
et s
eq.
921.
141
16-5
-45
16-8
-14
16-8
-41
16-7
-1
16-6
-4
16-6
-5
16-8
-12
16-1
3-30
, 32
, 32
.1,
32.4
17-1
0-30
17-1
0-7
706.
606.
5
706.
661,
662
706.
660.
1
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
toly
pro
viri
ons
are
swnm
cmriz
rd o
r pm
aphm
sed.
)
DU
I. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alti
es f
or p
rior
off
ense
s w
ithin
fiv
e ye
ars.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
up
to o
ne
and
one-
half
tim
es t
he n
orm
al s
ente
nce
for
a pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n an
d up
to
thre
e ti
mes
the
norm
al s
ente
nce
for
two
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
co
nvic
tion
s.
Wea
pons
vio
lati
ons.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alty
of
up t
o 10
yea
rs
if pe
rson
has
pre
viou
s w
eapo
ns o
ffen
se o
r pr
evio
us f
elon
y of
fens
e.
Sen
tenc
ing
Gui
deli
nes.
P
rovi
des
for
deve
lopm
ent o
f gu
idel
ines
that
pr
ovid
e su
bsta
ntia
lly
enha
nced
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fend
ers.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs s
uppo
rtin
g de
ath
pena
lty
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
conv
icti
on f
or a
cap
ital
fel
ony
or a
vio
lent
fe
lony
.
Inte
rfer
ence
wit
h cu
stod
y.
Fir
st a
nd s
econ
d of
fens
es a
re m
isde
mea
nors
pu
nish
able
by
esca
lati
ng F
ies
and
jail
term
s; t
hird
or
subs
eque
nt
offe
nse
is a
fel
ony
puni
shab
le b
y on
e to
fiv
e ye
ars.
S
hopl
ifti
ng.
Fir
st, s
econ
d an
d th
ird
offe
nses
are
mis
dem
eano
rs
puni
shab
le b
y es
cala
ting
fin
es a
nd ja
il t
erm
s; f
ourt
h or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse
is a
fel
ony
puni
shab
le b
y on
e to
10
year
s.
Arm
ed r
obbe
ry.
Seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
is p
unis
habl
e by
a
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rm o
f at
leas
t 10
yea
rs.
Bur
glar
y. F
irst
off
ense
-on
e to
20
year
s; s
econ
d of
fens
e -t
wo
to 2
0 ye
ars;
thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
-fi
ve t
o 20
yea
rs.
Chi
ld m
oles
tati
on.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -
one
to 2
0 ye
ars
with
pos
sibi
lity
of
prob
atio
n; s
econ
d or
thi
rd o
ffen
se -
man
dato
ry m
inim
um o
f fi
ve y
ears
; fo
urth
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se -
man
dato
ry s
ente
nce
of 2
0 ye
ars.
Ent
icin
g a
chil
d.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -
one
to 2
0 ye
ars
with
pos
sibi
lity
of
prob
atio
n; s
econ
d or
thi
rd c
onvi
ctio
ns -
man
dato
ry, m
inim
um o
f fi
ve
year
s; f
ourt
h or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se:
man
dato
ry s
ente
nce
of 2
0 ye
ars.
The
ft.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -F
ie a
nd o
ne y
ear
min
imum
; sec
ond
offe
nse-
th
ree
year
minimum;
thir
d of
fens
e -m
inim
um o
f 10
yea
rs;
four
th o
r su
bseq
uent
-pu
nish
able
as
habi
tual
off
ende
r.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pe
nalt
ies
for
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
dea
th
pena
lty
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
capi
tal
felo
nies
.
Rep
eat
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
sent
enci
ng o
f re
peat
fel
ony
offe
nder
s to
the
max
imum
pre
scri
bed
sent
ence
wit
h po
ssib
ilit
y of
pr
obat
ion;
but
fou
rth
and
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ders
mus
t se
rve
max
imum
pr
escr
ibed
sen
tenc
es w
itho
ut p
roba
tion
or
paro
le.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
min
imum
sen
tenc
es
base
d up
on t
he s
erio
usne
ss o
f th
e of
fens
e an
d th
e nu
mbe
r of
pri
or
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns w
ithi
n sp
ecif
ied
peri
ods.
Per
sist
ent o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
man
dato
ry s
ente
nces
of
10 y
ears
to
life
(ba
sed
on t
he s
erio
usne
ss o
f th
e of
fens
e) f
or p
erso
ns w
ith t
wo
or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Felo
ny w
ith a
Fie
arm
. S
econ
d an
d su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s req
uire
m
anda
tory
10
year
sen
tenc
es.
26
Tab
le4
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng t
he U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
tion
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
lng
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
wlth
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(Nou
: St
atas
whi
ch d
o no
t hav
e st
olut
as pr
ovid
ing
for
snhn
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fen
ders
wit
h p
rior
con
vict
ions
ere
om
itte
dfro
m the
tabl
e.)
Sta
te
Cit
atlo
n
Haw
aii
(con
t.)
706.
669(
8)
Idah
o 19
-251
4
19-2
515
19-2
520
C
37-2
739
A
Illi
nois
38
-100
5-5-
3(c)
(2)
38-1
005-
5-3(
c)(8
)
Indi
ana
35-3
8-1-
7.1
35-3
4-1-
2.5
16-1
3-6.
1-16
Iow
a 20
4.41
1
Kan
sas
2 1-
4504
21-4
606
74-9
101
Ken
tuck
y 53
2.08
0
532.
025
218A
.990
189A
.010
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
sion
(S
toac
tory
pro
visi
ons
me
xwnm
ariz
ed o
rp(p
ap
hw
6d
)
Par
ole
for
pers
ons
sent
ence
d to
ind
eter
min
ate
term
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f gu
idel
ines
bas
ed u
pon
seri
ousn
ess
of o
ffen
se a
nd
prio
r cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Per
sist
ent v
iola
tors
. P
rovi
des
for
man
dato
ry te
rm o
f fi
ve y
ears
to l
ie
for
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent f
elon
y of
fens
e.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
dea
th
pena
lty f
or m
urde
r sh
all i
nclu
de a
pri
or m
urde
r w
nvic
tion
.
Rep
eat s
ex o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
addi
ng 1
5 ye
ars
to t
he m
axim
um
term
if t
he o
ffen
der
has
a pr
ior
sex
offe
nse
wit
hin
15 y
ears
; and
for
ad
ding
20
year
s to
the
max
imum
term
if t
he o
ffen
der h
as s
erve
d tw
o or
m
ore
prio
r pr
ison
ter
ms
for
sex
offe
nses
wit
hin
15 y
ears
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
a m
anda
tory
min
imum
ter
m o
f th
ree
year
s fo
r dr
ug o
ffen
ders
with
a p
revi
ous
felo
ny d
rug
wnv
icti
on.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
term
of
impr
ison
men
t for
cla
ss 2
or
grea
ter
felo
nies
if t
he o
ffen
der
has
a pr
ior
conv
icti
on f
or s
uch
a fe
lony
wit
hin
10 y
ears
.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
unis
hmen
t for
a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
a cl
ass
1 or
2 f
elon
y if
the
pers
on h
as t
wo
or m
ore
conv
icti
ons
for
clas
s 2
or g
reat
er f
elon
ies.
Cri
teri
a fo
r se
nten
cing
. P
rovi
des
that
cou
rt s
hall
con
side
r, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
the
offe
nder
's p
rior
cri
min
al r
ecor
d.
Set
s ou
t pr
oced
ure
for
alle
ging
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns f
or e
nhan
cem
ent
purp
oses
.
Off
ense
s by
dru
g ab
user
s or
alc
ohol
ics.
P
rovi
des
that
non
crim
inal
tr
eatm
ent
is n
ot a
vail
able
for
drug
abu
sers
or
alco
holi
cs c
harg
ed w
ith
felo
nies
if s
uch
pers
ons
have
two
or m
ore
prio
r co
nvic
tion
s fo
r se
riou
s or
for
cibl
e fe
loni
es.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s th
at p
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
of
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s m
ay b
e se
nten
ced
to u
p to
thr
ee t
imes
the
pres
crib
ed p
unis
hmen
t.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Sec
ond
felo
ny -u
p to
tw
ice
the
pres
crib
ed
sent
ence
; thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
felo
ny -
up to
thr
ee t
imes
the
pres
crib
ed
Sen
tenc
e.
Cri
teri
a fo
r fi
min
imum
pri
son
term
s.
Fac
tors
sha
ll i
nclu
de
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Est
abli
shes
sen
tenc
ing
guid
elin
es c
omm
issi
on.
Pers
iste
nt f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed te
rms
of u
p to
lif
e fo
r fe
lony
off
ende
rs w
ho h
ave
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
dea
th
pena
lty s
hall
inc
lude
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns f
or a
cap
ital
off
ense
or
a se
riou
s as
saul
tive
off
ense
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s es
cala
ting
pen
alti
es f
or s
econ
d an
d su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s.
DUI. P
rovi
des
for
esca
lati
ng p
enal
ties
(up
to
$1,0
00 fi
ne a
nd a
yea
r in
ja
il)
for
seco
nd a
nd s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
s.
-
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
4
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
prl
or c
onvl
ctlo
ns
(Nor
e: S
tare
s w
hich
do
nor h
ave
stat
utes
prov
idin
g fo
r en
hanc
ed se
nten
ces f
or o
ffen
ders
with
prw
r co
nvic
tionr
are
om
itted
from
the
tabl
e.)
Sta
te
Cit
atlo
n
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
iswio
rrr
are
sum
mar
ized
or p
arap
hrcr
~cd.
)
Lou
isia
na
Cod
e C
rirn
. Pr
oc.,
art.
905.
4 C
apit
al o
ffen
ses.
P
rovi
des
that
agg
rava
ting
fac
tors
just
ifyi
ng d
eath
pe
nalty
sha
ll i
nclu
de p
rior
con
vict
ions
for
enu
mer
ated
ser
ious
of
fens
es.
40.9
66D
D
rug
offe
nses
. S
ets
out e
scal
atin
g pe
nalt
ies
up t
o 20
yea
rs f
or s
econ
d an
d su
bseq
uent
con
vict
ions
for
pos
sess
ion
of m
arij
uana
.
14:6
7 T
heft
. Pr
ovid
es f
or e
nhan
ced
sent
ence
for
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t of
fens
e of
the
ft o
f pr
oper
ty v
alue
d at
les
s th
an $
100.
14:6
9 R
ecei
ving
sto
len
good
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
enal
ty (
up t
o $1
,000
fi
ne a
nd tw
o ye
ars)
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed fo
r th
e th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t tim
e if
the
valu
e is
les
s th
an $
100.
14:8
2 P
rost
itut
ion.
F
irst
off
ense
-up
to
$500
fin
e or
six
mon
ths,
or both;
seco
nd o
ffen
se -
up to
$2.
000
frne
or
two
year
s, o
r both,
thir
d or
su
bseq
uent
off
ense
-up
to
$4,0
00 fi
ne a
nd f
our
year
s in
pri
son.
14:7
1 W
orth
less
che
cks.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alty
for
thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
of
issu
ing
wor
thle
ss c
heck
s fo
r le
ss t
han
$100
.
14:6
2.1
Bur
glar
y of
a p
harm
acy.
F
irst
off
ense
-one
to n
ine
year
s w
ithou
t pa
role
; se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se -
two
to 1
0 ye
ars
with
out p
arol
e.
14:9
8 D
UI.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
ted
offe
nses
, up
to 2
0
P
year
s in
pri
son
for
a fo
urth
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
.
14:6
3.8
Cri
min
al tr
espa
ss.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -u
p to
$50
0 fi
ne o
r 91
day
s in
jail
, or
both,
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
-up
to
$500
fine
or
six
mon
ths
in
jail
, or
bot
h.
14:1
06.1
O
bsce
ne d
evic
es.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -
$1,0
00 to
$2,
500
frne
or
up t
o si
x m
onth
s in
jail,
or both;
seco
nd o
ffen
se -
up t
o th
ree
year
s w
ithou
t pa
role
and
up
to $
5,00
0 fi
ne.
14:9
4, 9
5 Il
lega
l use
of
dang
erou
s w
eapo
ns.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -
up to
$1,
000
fine
or
two
year
s in
pri
son,
or both;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
wit
hin
five
ye
ars
-up
to f
ive
year
s in
pri
son.
Mai
ne
17-A
-125
2.5-
A
Dru
g tr
affi
ckin
g.
Pro
vide
s fo
r le
nien
t tr
eatm
ent f
or c
erta
in f
irst
of
fend
ers.
Mar
ylan
d 27
-293
D
rug
offe
nses
. P
rovi
des
that
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
s sh
all b
e pu
nish
ed b
y tw
ice
the
norm
al f
ines
and
pri
son
term
s.
27-2
86
Dru
g tr
affi
ckin
g.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
(up
to 4
0 ye
ars
in
pris
on)
for
pers
ons
wit
h pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
and
pris
on t
erm
s.
27-4
19A
C
hild
por
nogr
aphy
. F
irst
off
ense
-up
to
$25,
000
fie
or 1
0 ye
ars,
or
both;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
-up
to
$50,
000
or 2
0 ye
ars,
or
both
.
Mas
sach
uset
ts
265-
17
Arm
ed r
obbe
ry w
hile
mas
ked.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
sen
tenc
es o
f fi
ve
year
s fo
r a
Fis
t of
fens
e an
d 10
yea
rs f
or a
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se.
265-
13B
In
dece
nt a
ssau
lt an
d ba
tter
y on
a c
hild
. P
rovi
des
for
an e
nhan
ced
term
of
up
to l
ife
for
a se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
265-
22B
R
ape
of c
hild
by
forc
e. P
rovi
des
for
a m
anda
tory
term
of
five
yea
rs to
li
fe f
or a
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
265-
23
Rap
e of
chi
ld w
itho
ut fo
rce.
Pro
vide
s fo
r a
man
dato
ry te
rm o
f fi
ve
year
s to
lif
e fo
r a
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
.
269-
10(d
) W
eapo
ns o
ffen
ses.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
of
up to
15
year
s w
ithou
t pr
obat
ion
or p
arol
e fo
r se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses.
28
Tab
le4
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng t
he U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
do
not h
ave
stat
utes
pro
vidi
ng fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nce8
for
offe
na2r
s with
pri
or c
onvic
tioio
nr a
re o
mitt
edfr
om th
e table.)
Sta
te
Clta
tlon
Mas
sach
uset
ts (
cont
.)
266-
27
266-
30
266-
40
272-
61,
62
279-
69
266-
60
266-
62
90-2
4
94C
-32
Mic
higa
n 33
3.74
13
244.
09
169.
121
152.
021
et s
eq.
609.
583
609.
346
609.
184,
185
Mis
siss
ippi
63
-11-
30
63-9
-11
41-2
9-13
9, e
t se
q.
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
isw
n? a
re su
mm
ariz
ed o
rpm
aphr
ased
.)
The
ft o
f co
nstr
ucti
on to
ols.
F
irst
off
ense
-up
to $
100
Fie
or
up t
o si
x m
onth
s in
jail,
or
both
; se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se -
$100
fine
or
six
mon
ths
in ja
il,
or b
oth.
Lar
ceny
fro
m c
omm
on c
arri
er.
Fis
t off
ense
-six
mon
ths
to tw
o an
d on
e-ha
lf y
ears
or
fie
or b
oth,
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
-18
m
onth
s to
tw
o an
d on
e-ha
lf y
ears
or
fine
, or
both
.
Com
mon
and
not
orio
us th
ief.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pun
ishm
ent (
up
to 2
0 ye
ars)
for
rep
eat
larc
eny
offe
nder
s.
Pros
titut
ion.
P
rovi
des
for
up t
o a year i
n ja
il fo
r a
seco
nd o
ffen
se a
nd
for
up to
two
and
one
half
yea
r fo
r a
thir
d or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng c
ircu
mst
ance
s ju
stif
ying
de
ath
pena
lty s
hall
inc
lude
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns f
or m
urde
r.
Rec
eivi
ng s
tole
n go
ods.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alty
for
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se (
up to
fiv
e ye
ars
in ja
il).
Rec
eivi
ng s
tole
n go
ods,
rep
eat
offe
nder
. P
rovi
des
for
sent
enci
ng o
f pe
rsis
tent
off
ende
rs a
s a
com
mon
fenc
e (u
p to
10
year
s in
pri
son)
.
DUI. P
rovi
des
for
leni
ent s
ente
ncin
g of
cer
tain
firs
t of
fend
ers
and
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r re
peat
off
ende
rs.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pe
nalt
ies
for
repe
at o
ffen
ders
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
enh
ance
d pe
nalt
ies
(up
to l
ife
with
out p
arol
e)
for
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s.
Est
abli
shes
sen
tenc
ing
guid
elin
es c
omm
issi
on t
o pr
omul
gate
gu
idel
ines
tha
t, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, co
nsid
er p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ries
in
the
sen
tenc
ing
appr
oach
.
DUI. P
rovi
des
for
esca
lati
ng p
enal
ties
for
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
ses
wit
hin
five
yea
rs ra
ngin
g fr
om 3
0 da
ys f
or a
fis
t of
fens
e up
to tw
o ye
ars
for
a fo
urth
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r sh
arpl
y en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
for
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses,
up
to a
man
dato
ry f
our-
year
jail
term
and
up
to a
$1
,000
,000
fin
e.
Bur
glar
y.
Pro
vide
s fo
r a
stay
of
exec
utio
n an
d pr
obat
ion
for
firs
t of
fens
e of
bur
glar
y, u
nles
s th
e of
fend
er's
cri
min
al h
isto
ry s
core
(fo
r pr
ior
crim
es) r
equi
res
a pr
esum
ptiv
e ex
ecut
ed s
ente
nce.
Sex
offe
nses
. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alty
for
sec
ond
offe
nse
and
for
a m
anda
tory
37-
year
term
for
a t
hird
of
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
life
with
out p
arol
e fo
r fi
rst d
egre
e m
urde
r if
the
offe
nder
has
a p
revi
ous
conv
icti
on f
or a
hei
nous
cri
me.
DU
I. P
rovi
des
for
pena
ltie
s es
cala
ting
from
24
hour
s in
jail
and
a f
ie
for
a fi
st o
ffen
se u
p to
30
days
to
a ye
ar p
lus
a f
ie fo
r a
thir
d of
fens
e w
ithin
fiv
e ye
ars.
A
fou
rth
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
wit
hin
five
yea
rs i
s a
felo
ny a
nd i
s pu
nish
able
by
a f
ie an
d 90
day
s to
fiv
e ye
ars.
Mot
or v
ehic
le v
iola
tion
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es, r
angi
ng f
rom
10
days
plu
s a
fine
for
a f
it
offe
nse
up to
six
m
onth
s pl
us a
fin
e fo
r a
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
lfsn
se w
ithi
n on
e ye
ar.
,
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r le
nien
t tre
atm
ent o
f ce
rtai
n fi
rst
offe
nder
s an
d en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
for
cer
tain
rep
eat
offe
nder
s.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
4 29
--
-
-
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es f
or o
ffen
ders
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(No&:
Sta
w w
kich
&m
t ha
ve st
afut
espr
mir
lin8 f
or e
nham
ud se
ntcn
ccs f
or o
flen
ders
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
m ar
c om
imdf
rom
the t
able
.)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Mis
siss
ippi
(c
ont.)
97
-3 1
-27
97-3
3-7
97-3
7-1
Mis
sour
i
571.
015
Mon
tana
45
-5 -2
06
45-5
-622
, 62
3
45-5
-624
45-8
-340
45-9
-101
et
seq.
46-1
8-10
1
46-1
8-22
1
46-1
8-30
3
Neb
rask
a 29
-252
3
Nev
ada
20
2.82
0
200.
730
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
pm
visi
ons
are
mm
mm
iud
or p
arap
hrw
ed.)
Ille
gal
sale
of
liquo
r.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es u
p to
one
to f
ive
year
s fo
r a
thir
d -or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se.
-
Gam
blin
g.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
fir
st o
ffen
se is
a m
isde
mea
nor p
unis
habl
e by
a f
ine
and
up to
thr
ee m
onth
s in
jail
and
a se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt
offe
nse
is a
fel
ony
puni
shab
le b
y up
to
two
year
s in
pri
son.
Wea
pons
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es, r
angi
ng fr
om u
p to
six
mon
ths
in ja
il an
d a
fie
for
a fi
rst
offe
nse
to o
ne to
fiv
e ye
ars
for
a th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
. In
ad
diti
on, a
fir
st o
ffen
se is
pun
isha
ble
by o
ne to
fiv
e ye
ars
if t
he
offe
nder
has
a p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
on.
Wea
pons
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es o
f us
ing
a de
adly
wea
pon
to c
omm
it a
fel
ony
in a
ddit
ion
to
the
pena
lty
for
the
felo
ny, r
angi
ng f
rom
a m
anda
tory
min
imum
pri
son
term
of
thre
e ye
ars
wit
hout
pro
bati
on f
or a
fir
st o
ffen
se u
p to
a
man
dato
ry m
inim
um o
f 10
yea
rs w
ithou
t par
ole
for
a th
ird
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Dom
estic
abu
se.
Prov
ides
for
pen
alti
es o
f a
Fie
and
up
to s
ix m
onth
s in
jail
for
a fi
rst o
r se
cond
off
ense
and
for
a f
ine
of u
p to
$50
,000
and
up
to f
ive
year
s in
pri
son
for
a th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Off
ense
s ag
ains
t chi
ldre
n. P
rovi
des
for
a fi
ne o
f up
to $
500
and
up to
si
x m
onth
s in
jail
for
a fi
rst
offe
nse
and
for
a fi
ne o
f $1
,000
and
up
to
six
mon
ths
in ja
il f
or a
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Ille
gal
poss
essi
on o
f Ii
quor
. P
rovi
des
for
esca
lati
ng p
enal
ties
for
re
peat
off
ense
s, ra
ngin
g fr
om fin
es o
f $5
0 fo
r a
firs
t off
ense
up
to
$200
for
a th
ird
offe
nse
and
$300
plu
s si
x m
onth
s in
jail
for
a fo
urth
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Poss
essi
on o
f sa
wed
-off
fir
earm
. F
irst
off
ense
-$2
00 -
$500
fin
e pl
us
five
day
s to
six
mon
ths
in ja
il, o
r bo
th;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
(o
r an
y pr
ior
felo
ny)
up t
o $1
,000
fin
e or
up
to f
ive
year
s. o
r bo
th.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r su
bsta
ntia
lly
enha
nced
pen
alti
es,
up t
o 20
ye
ars
to l
ife,
for
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
s.
Sen
tenc
ing
crit
eria
. P
rovi
des
that
cri
min
al s
ente
nces
sha
ll r
efle
ct t
he
crim
inal
his
tory
of
the
offe
nder
and
tha
t per
sons
who
hab
itua
lly
viol
ate
the
law
sha
ll b
e re
mov
ed f
rom
soc
iety
for
lon
g te
rms.
Per
sist
ent d
ange
rous
wea
pons
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pe
nalt
ies
for
repe
at o
ffen
ses (to
be a
dded
to t
he s
ente
nce
for
the
unde
rlyi
ng c
rim
e) o
f fr
om tw
o to
10
year
s fo
r a
fust
dan
gero
us
wea
pons
off
ense
to f
our
to 2
0 ye
ars
for
a se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
the
de
ath
pena
lty
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
a de
libe
rate
hom
icid
e.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
the
de
ath
pena
lty
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
mur
der,
vio
lent
of
fens
es o
r se
riou
s as
saul
tive
or
terr
oriz
ing
acti
vity
.
Use
of
expl
osiv
es in
com
mis
sion
of
a fe
lony
. F
irst
off
ense
-m
anda
tory
one
to 1
0 ye
ars
and
a fi
ne o
f up
to
$10,
000;
se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se -
man
dato
ry tw
o to
20
year
s.
Por
nogr
aphy
. F
irst
off
ense
is a
mis
dem
eano
r; s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse
-one
to s
ix y
ears
plu
s fi
ne o
f up
to
$5,0
00.
30
Tab
le 4
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es f
or o
ffend
ers
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
do
not h
ve
skat
utes
prov
ilng
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r o
fled
rx m
lhpr
ior
conv
ictio
nr a
re o
mM
Itcd
fromthe table.)
-S
tate
Nev
ada
(con
t.)
New
Ham
pshi
re
New
Jer
sey
New
Mex
ico
Cit
atio
n
200.
030,
.0
33
205.
060,
06
7
205.
130
453.
316
et s
eq.
651:
6
318-
B:2
6
2C:4
4-1
2C:4
4-3
2C:2
0- 1
1
2C:1
4-6
2C:4
3-6(
c)
NJ2
C:4
3-6(
e)
2C:4
3-6(
f)
31-1
8-17
31-1
8-16
31-2
0A-5
. -6
66-8
-102
Cri
m.
Proc
. L
aw Q 4
00.1
5.
.40
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
(S
tatu
tory
prov
isio
ns w
e a
du
d
or p
arap
knw
ed.)
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
the
de
ath
pena
lty s
hall
inc
lude
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns f
or m
urde
r or
vio
lent
fe
loni
es.
Bur
glar
y. i
nvas
ion
of h
ome.
P
rovi
des
for
man
dato
ry s
ente
nces
w
ithou
t pro
bati
on f
or s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
ders
.
Bad
che
cks.
F
irst
and
sec
ond
offe
nses
are
mis
dem
eano
rs if
am
ount
is
unde
r $2
50.
Thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s ar
e fe
loni
es, p
unis
habl
e by
on
e to
10
year
s an
d up
to
$10,
000
fine
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es.
up to
lif
e in
pri
son
and
a $2
0.00
0 fi
ne.
Prov
ides
for
ext
ende
d pr
ison
term
s, d
epen
diig
upo
n th
e se
riou
snes
s of
-t
he c
rim
e, i
f th
e of
fend
er h
as t
wo
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
for
rep
eat o
ffen
ders
. de
pend
ing
on th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
off
ense
.
Sen
tenc
ing
crit
eria
. P
rovi
des
that
agg
rava
ting
cir
cum
stan
ces
shal
l in
clud
e th
e of
fend
er's
prio
r cr
imin
al re
cord
.
Enh
ance
d te
rms
of i
mpr
ison
men
t. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
term
s fo
r pe
rsis
tent
off
ende
rs (
two
or m
ore
prio
r co
nvic
tion
s an
d la
test
is
wit
hin
10 y
ears
), p
rofe
ssio
nal
crim
inal
s (h
as d
evot
ed h
imse
lf t
o cr
imin
al
acti
vity
as
a li
veli
hood
) an
d pe
rson
s w
ith p
rior
con
vict
ions
inv
olvi
ng
the
use
of f
irea
rms.
Sho
plif
ting
. P
rovi
des
for
esca
lati
ng f
ines
for
rep
eat
offe
nses
and
for
a
man
dato
ry m
inim
jail
term
of
30 d
ays
for
a th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t of
fens
e.
Sex
offe
nses
. Pr
ovid
es f
or a
man
dato
ry m
inim
um ja
il te
rm o
f fi
ve
year
s w
ithou
t par
ole
for
a se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Use
of
fire
arm
in f
elon
y. P
rovi
des
for m
anda
tory
ext
ende
d te
rm f
or a
pe
rson
con
vict
ed f
or t
he s
econ
d tim
e of
usi
ng o
r po
sses
sing
a f
iiea
rrn
duri
ng t
he c
omm
issi
on o
f a
felo
ny.
Tax
viol
atio
ns.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
pri
son
term
for
thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
ext
ende
d te
rm o
f im
pris
onm
ent f
or s
econ
d
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Rep
eat
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
addi
tion
al s
ente
nces
for
felo
ny
offe
nder
s w
ith p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons,
ran
ging
fro
m o
ne a
ddit
iona
l ye
ar f
or a
sin
gle
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ion
to e
ight
add
itio
nal y
ears
for
th
ree
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
.
Fire
arm
s of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r ad
diti
onal
sen
tenc
es fo
r us
e of
fii
earm
in
com
mis
sion
of
felo
ny:
one
addi
tion
al y
ear
for
a fi
rst o
ffen
se a
nd
thre
e ad
diti
onal
yea
rs f
or a
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
dea
th
pena
lty s
hall
inc
lude
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns a
nd l
ack
of a
pri
or r
ecor
d sh
all
be a
mit
igat
ing
fact
or.
DU
I. P
rovi
des
for
esca
lati
ng p
enal
ties
for
rep
eat o
ffen
ses
up to
a
man
dato
ry s
ix-m
onth
jail
term
for
a f
ourt
h or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se.
Set
s ou
t pro
cedu
re fo
r de
term
inin
g w
heth
er a
n of
fend
er h
as a
pri
or
conv
ictio
n:
requ
ires
pro
secu
tor
to f
ile
a st
atem
ent p
rior
to
sent
enci
ng.,
New
Yor
k
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
4
3 1
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns
(Nor
a: S
tatw
whi
ch d
o no
t hav
e st
atut
es p
rovi
ding
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
ar fo
r of
fend
ers w
ith p
rior
con
vict
ions
are
om
iftc
dfro
m the
rrrblc
.)
Sta
te
New
Yor
k (w
nt.)
Nor
th C
arol
ina
Nor
th D
akot
a
Ohi
o
Okl
ahom
a
Ore
gon
Pen
nsyl
vani
a
Cit
atio
n
Pen.
Law
8 7
0.04
14-2
-2
14-3
26.1
15A
-134
0.4
12.1
-32-
04
12.1
-32-
09
2929
.1 1
et
seq.
21-7
01.1
2
21-5
1
21-5
2
21-1
731
163.
095
Or.
Adm
in. R
ules
253
-02-
001
et s
eq.
42-9
714
42-9
715
42-9
721
35-7
80-1
13(b
), (c
)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(Statutory
pmvi
sion
x ar
e sw
mm
ize
dor
para
phra
red.
)
Req
uire
s in
dete
rmin
ate
sent
ence
of
impr
ison
men
t fo
r se
cond
vio
lent
fe
lony
off
ende
rs.
Use
of
dead
ly w
eapo
n in
fel
ony.
P
rovi
des
for
an a
ddit
iona
l sen
tenc
e fo
r a
seco
nd o
ffen
se (t
o be
ser
ved
conc
urre
ntly
with
the
sen
tenc
e fo
r th
e ne
w o
ffen
se) o
f at
leas
t 14
yea
rs, s
even
of
whi
ch m
ust b
e se
rved
.
Non
supp
ort o
f pa
rent
. F
irst
off
ense
-up
to
six
mon
ths
and
$500
Fie
, or
bot
h, s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se -
up to
tw
o ye
ars
or a
fin
e, o
r bo
th.
Sen
tenc
ing
crit
eria
. P
rovi
des
that
agg
rava
ting
fac
tors
aff
ecti
ng
sent
enci
ng o
f de
sign
ated
fel
ons
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
crim
inal
rec
ord
for
offe
nses
pun
isha
ble
by o
ver
60 d
ays
in j
ail.
Sen
tenc
ing
crit
eria
. P
rovi
des
that
pre
senc
e or
abs
ence
of
prio
r cr
imin
al re
cord
sha
ll b
e a
fact
or a
ffec
ting
dec
isio
n to
sen
tenc
e an
of
fend
er t
o im
pris
onm
ent.
Dan
gero
us s
peci
al o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
exte
nded
sen
tenc
es if
of
fend
er i
s a
prof
essi
onal
cri
min
al o
r ha
s at
leas
t tw
o pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
desi
gnat
ed o
ffen
ses.
Sen
tenc
ing
crit
eria
. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t or
da
nger
ous
offe
nder
s.
Cap
ital
off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vati
ng f
acto
rs ju
stif
ying
the
de
ath
pena
lty
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
viol
ent
felo
nies
.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
for
rep
eat
offe
nder
s de
pend
ing
upon
the
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess
of p
rior
co
nvic
tion
s; a
nd p
rovi
des
for
a m
anda
tory
min
imum
20-
year
sen
tenc
e fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of a
thi
rd o
r su
bseq
uent
fel
ony
offe
nse
wit
hin
10
year
s.
Lar
ceny
. P
rovi
des
that
a p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
of a
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t la
rcen
y of
fens
e sh
all b
e se
nten
ced
to u
p to
fiv
e ye
ars;
and
tha
t an
y pe
rson
con
vict
ed o
f la
rcen
y or
of
any
atte
mpt
ed c
rim
e w
ho i
s su
bseq
uent
ly c
onvi
cted
of
any
othe
r of
fens
e sh
all r
ecei
ve a
n en
hanc
ed
sent
ence
d de
pend
ing
upon
the
ser
ious
ness
of
the
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se.
Sho
plif
ting
. P
rovi
des
for
esca
lati
ng p
enal
ties
for
rep
eat
offe
nses
, up
to t
wo
to f
ive
year
s fo
r th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Mur
der.
P
rovi
des
that
agg
rava
ting
fac
tors
aff
ecti
ng s
ente
nce
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
mur
der.
Sen
tenc
ing
guid
elin
es.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
P
rovi
des
for
man
dato
ry m
inim
um s
ente
nce
of
five
yea
rs f
or p
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
of
enum
erat
ed s
erio
us o
ffen
ses
who
ha
ve a
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
n fo
r a
viol
ent
felo
ny w
ithi
n se
ven
year
s.
Mur
der.
Pr
ovid
es f
or a
man
dato
ry l
ife
sent
ence
for m
urde
r in
the
thir
d de
gree
if t
he o
ffen
der
has
a pr
ior
conv
icti
on fo
r m
urde
r or
vol
unta
ry
man
slau
ghte
r.
Sen
tenc
ing
Gui
deli
nes.
S
ets
out
sent
enci
ng g
uide
line
s th
at t
ake
into
co
nsid
erat
ion
the
seri
ousn
ess
of t
he i
nsta
nt o
ffen
se a
nd t
he o
ffen
der's
pr
ior
crim
inal
rec
ord.
D
rug
offe
nses
. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
alti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es, u
p to
thr
ee y
ears
and
a $
25,0
00 fi
ne.
32
Tab
le4
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng t
he U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d in
form
atio
n
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
with
prl
or c
onvl
ctlo
ns
(Not
e: S
tate
s whi
ch d
o n
ot ha
ve st
acut
espr
ovid
ing f
or e
nhan
ced
sent
ence
s for
off
ende
r8 m
mthp
rior
con
vict
ioiw
are
om
itted
from
the
tabk
.)
Sta
te
Clta
tlon
Puer
to R
ico
33-3
301.
330
2
Rho
de I
slan
d 21
-28-
4.01
et
seq.
12-1
3-1.
2
Sou
th C
arol
ina
16-1
3-50
16-1
3-65
, 66
16-1
5-11
0
16-1
3-11
0
44-5
3-37
0 S
outh
Dak
ota
22-7
-7 e
t se
q.
23 A
-27 A
- 1
Ten
ness
ee
39-1
3-20
4
40-3
5-10
6
40-3
5-10
7
40-3
5-11
4
40-3
5-20
2
Tex
as
Pen
. C
ode
8 12
.42
- --
Pen.
Cod
e 8
12.4
3
Uta
h 76
-5-2
02
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
(S
tab*
oryp
rovi
xioi
w are
wm
~n
'ze
dorpw
aphr
cucd
)
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
P
rovi
des
that
sen
tenc
es s
hall
be
incr
ease
d by
ha
lf fo
r pr
ior
felo
nies
with
in 1
0 ye
ars
(15
year
s if
the
prio
r of
fens
e w
as t
he s
ame
offe
nse
as t
he n
ew o
ffen
se).
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
enal
ties
for
repe
at o
ffen
ses
of
up t
o do
uble
the
norm
al p
enal
ty.
Off
ense
com
mitt
ed w
hile
on
rele
ase.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
altie
s fo
r of
fens
es c
omm
itted
whi
le o
n ba
il (u
p to
10
year
s fo
r a
felo
ny a
nd
one
year
for
a m
isde
mea
nor)
.
Ste
alin
g liv
esto
ck.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pena
lties
for
rep
eat
offe
nses
, up
to f
ive
to 2
5 ye
ars
for
a th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Ste
alin
g fr
om a
quac
ultu
re o
pera
tions
. P
rovi
des
for
esca
latin
g pe
nalti
es f
or r
epea
t off
ense
s. u
p to
a $
5.00
0 fi
ne a
nd s
ix m
onth
s to
tw
o ye
ars
for
a th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Pro
stitu
tion.
P
rovi
des
for
esca
latin
g pe
nalti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es, u
p to
a $
3,00
0 fi
ne o
r a
year
in
jail,
or
both
, fo
r a
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nse.
Sho
plif
ting.
P
rovi
des
for
esca
latin
g pe
nalti
es f
or r
epea
t of
fens
es, u
p to
one
to f
ive
year
s fo
r a
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se.
Dru
~off
ense
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
cala
ting
pena
lties
for
rep
eat
offe
nses
.
Rep
eat o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
pen
altie
s fo
r re
peat
fel
ony
conv
ictio
ns d
epen
ding
on
the
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess
of p
rior
of
fens
es.
Cap
ital
offe
nses
. P
rovi
des
that
agg
rava
ting
fact
ors
just
ifyi
ng t
he
deat
h pe
nalty
sha
ll in
clud
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns o
r pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns f
or s
erio
us a
ssau
ltive
cri
mes
.
Mur
der.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
ggra
vatin
g ci
rcum
stan
ces j
ustif
ying
the
dea
th
pena
lty s
hall
inc
lude
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns f
or v
iole
nt f
elon
ies.
Mul
tiple
off
ende
rs.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
for
per
sons
with
pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns, d
epen
ding
on
the
seri
ousn
ess
of t
he p
rese
nt o
ffen
se
and
the
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess o
f pr
ior
offe
nses
.
Per
sist
ent o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es f
or p
erso
ns w
ith
two
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
, dep
endi
ng o
n th
e se
riou
snes
s of
th
e pr
esen
t off
ense
and
the
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess
of t
he p
rior
of
fens
es.
Sen
tenc
ing
crite
ria.
P
rovi
des
that
fac
tors
sup
port
ing
enha
nced
se
nten
ces
shal
l in
clud
e pr
ior
wnv
icti
ons.
Cha
rgin
g re
peat
off
ende
rs.
Pro
vide
s th
at t
he p
rose
cuto
r m
ust
fie
a
stat
emen
t of
inte
nt to
see
k an
enh
ance
d se
nten
ce a
t le
ast
10 d
ays
befo
re t
rial
.
Rep
eat f
elon
y of
fend
ers.
P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
term
s fo
r re
peat
fel
ony
offe
nder
s de
pend
ing
on t
he s
erio
usne
ss o
f th
e pr
esen
t off
ense
and
the
nu
mbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
Rep
eat m
isde
mea
nor
offe
nder
s. P
rovi
des
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es b
ased
up
on th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
pres
ent o
ffen
se a
nd t
he n
umbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
Mur
der.
Cri
min
al h
omic
ide
is m
urde
r in
the
fir
st d
egre
e if
, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, th
e of
fend
er h
as p
revi
ousl
y be
en c
onvi
cted
of
mur
der
or a
vi
olen
t fe
lony
.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d I@
orm
atio
n T
able
4
33
2
Tabl
e 4
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovld
lng
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es fo
r of
fend
ers
wlth
prl
or c
onvl
ctlo
ns
(No&
: States w
hich
do
not h
ave xtatucw
prm
idng
for
enh
ance
d xcrrtencufo
r of
fend
er8
with
pri
or c
onvi
caio
~are
the W
.)
omrm
rtfr
dfro
m
Sta
te
Uta
h (c
ont.)
Ver
mon
t
Vir
gin
Isla
nds
Vir
gini
a
Was
hing
ton
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
Wis
cons
in
Clt
atlo
n
76-3
-407
76-3
-408
13-1
028
13-2
311(
a)
13-2
577
13-2
825
18-4
230(
a)(l
)
18-4
238
19-6
04 e
t se
q.
19.2
-297
18.2
-248
18.2
-53.
1
9.94
A.3
10 e
t se
q.
69.5
0.40
8
69.5
0.41
0
61-8
-4
60A
-4-4
07,
408
973.
011
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
(Statutory
pmvi
Pior
u are
mm
mu
ked
or pc
rrap
hmse
d)
Rep
eat s
ex o
ffen
ders
. Pr
ovid
es f
or a
n ad
ditio
nal t
hree
yea
r te
rm (
to b
e
serv
ed c
onse
cutiv
ely)
for
each
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
n fo
r a
felo
ny s
exua
l of
fens
e.
Hab
itual
sex
off
ende
rs.
Prov
ides
for
lif
e w
ithou
t par
ole
for
thir
d or
su
bseq
uent
fel
ony
sex
offe
nse.
Ass
ault
on a
pol
ice
offi
cer.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -
30 d
ays
to o
ne y
ear;
sec
ond
or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se -
two
to 1
0 ye
ars.
Agg
rava
ted
mur
der.
Prov
ides
that
mur
der
shal
l be
aggr
avat
ed if
, am
ong
ot
her
thin
gs,
the
offe
nder
has
a p
rior
con
vict
ion
for
mur
der.
Sho
plif
ting
of p
rope
rty
of $
100
valu
e or
les
s. F
irst
off
ense
-fi
ne o
f up
to
$300
or
up t
o si
x m
onth
s in
jail,
or both;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
of
fens
e -F
ie u
p to
$50
0 or
up
to t
wo
year
s in
jail,
or
both
. Se
xual
exp
loita
tion
of c
hild
ren.
F
ist
offe
nse
-fie
up t
o $2
0,00
0 an
d
up to
10
year
s in
pri
son;
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
-fie
up t
o
$50,
000
and
one
to 1
5 ye
ars
in p
riso
n.
Poss
essi
on o
f m
ariju
ana.
F
ist
offe
nse
-up
to $
500
Fie
or
six
mon
ths
in
jai
l or
both,
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
-up
to $
2,00
0 F
ie o
r up
to
tw
o ye
ars
in p
riso
n, o
r bo
th.
Rep
eat d
rug
offe
nses
. Pr
ovid
es f
or p
enal
ties
of u
p to
twic
e th
e no
rmal
pe
nalt
ies.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
esc
alat
ing
pena
lties
for
rep
eat
offe
nses
. up
to 1
0 ye
ars
in p
riso
n an
d a
$60,
000
Fie
.
Lar
ceny
. Pr
ovid
es f
or a
pen
alty
of
30-6
0 da
ys f
or a
sec
ond
offe
nse
and
pu
nish
men
t as
a cl
ass
6 fe
lon
for
a th
ird
or s
ubse
quen
t off
ense
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
fiv
e to
40
year
s pl
us a
$10
0,00
0 F
ie fo
r a
fi
rst o
ffen
se a
nd f
ive
year
s to
lif
e pl
us a
$10
0,00
0 F
ie fo
r a
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
.
Use
of
Fuea
rm i
n fe
lony
. F
irst
off
ense
-m
anda
tory
two
year
term
; se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
se -
man
dato
ry fo
ur y
ear
term
.
Sent
enci
ng G
uide
lines
. Pr
ovid
es f
or r
ecom
men
ded
sent
ence
s bas
ed o
n
the
seri
ousn
ess o
f th
e of
fens
e an
d th
e nu
mbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
pri
or
offe
nses
.
Dru
g of
fens
es:
dktr
ibut
ion
to a
min
or.
Pro
vide
s fo
r a
pena
lty o
f tw
ice
th
e no
rmal
pen
alty
for
a s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se.
Dru
g tr
affi
ckin
g.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pe
nalti
es (
up to
a m
anda
tory
10
yea
rs i
n pr
ison
) fo
r se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt o
ffen
ses.
Lew
d an
d la
sciv
ious
coh
abita
tion.
Fir
st o
ffen
se -
up t
o $5
0 F
ie a
nd/o
r si
x m
onth
s in
jail;
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
-six
mon
ths
to 1
2
mon
ths.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
con
ditio
nal d
isch
arge
for
cer
tain
fir
st
offe
nses
for
mar
ijuan
a po
sses
sion
and
for
term
s of
up
to tw
ice
the
usua
l te
rm f
or s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
ses.
Sent
enci
ng g
uide
lines
. P
rovi
des
for
prom
ulga
tion
of s
ente
ncin
g
guid
elin
es th
at,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
incl
ude
cons
ider
atio
n of
of
fend
ers'
prio
r cr
imin
al h
isto
ries
.
34
Tab
le 4
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 4
(co
nt.)
S
tatu
tes
prov
idin
g fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
for
offe
nder
s w
ith p
rio
r co
nvic
tions
(N
ote:
Sta
tes
whi
ch d
o n
ot ha
ve s
tahd
expr
ovid
ng fo
r en
knce
d se
nten
ces f
or o
ffen
ders
w't
hpr
ior
conv
ictio
ns a
re o
mitt
edfr
om th
e tn
bk.)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Wis
cons
in (
cont
.)
939.
62
939.
621
973.
12
346.
62,
64.
65
161.
47,
48
939.
63(2
)
Wyo
min
g 6-
2-10
2
6-2-
306
35-7
-103
7,
1038
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
sio
n
(Sta
tuto
ry pm
viri
onr
me
sum
man
ad o
rpar
aphr
med
.)
Rep
eat o
ffen
ders
. Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
bas
ed u
pon
the
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess
of p
rior
con
vict
ions
and
the
per
iod
duri
ng
whi
ch th
ey w
ere
com
mitt
ed.
Dom
estic
abu
se.
Pro
vide
s fo
r th
e pe
nalty
to
be e
nhan
ced
by u
p to
two
year
s if
the
off
ende
r has
a p
rior
arr
est f
or d
omes
tic
abus
e w
ithi
n 24
ho
urs.
Rep
eat o
ffen
ders
. S
ets
out p
roce
dure
s fo
r al
legi
ng a
nd p
rovi
ng p
rior
co
nvic
tion
s fo
r en
hanc
emen
t pu
rpos
es.
DU
I an
d re
ckle
ss d
rivi
ng.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed T
ies
and
jail
term
s fo
r se
cond
and
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
ses
with
in s
peci
fied
per
iods
.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r co
ndit
iona
l dis
char
ge fo
r fi
rst
offe
nse
for
poss
essi
on; a
nd p
rovi
des
for
puni
shm
ent o
f se
cond
and
sub
sequ
ent
offe
nses
by
impo
siti
on o
f up
to
twic
e th
e us
ual
pena
ltie
s.
Dan
gero
us w
eapo
ns.
Pro
vide
s fo
r pr
esum
ptiv
e te
rms
of i
mpr
ison
men
t of
fiv
e ye
ars
for
the
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
of
usin
g a
dang
erou
s w
eapo
n in
the
com
mis
sion
of
a fe
lony
.
Mur
der.
P
rovi
des
that
agg
rava
ting
fact
ors
just
ifyi
ng t
he d
eath
pen
alty
sh
all
incl
ude
any
prio
r co
nvic
tion
s fo
r m
urde
r or
vio
lent
fel
onie
s.
Sexu
al a
ssau
lt
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
unis
hmen
t for
rep
eat o
ffen
ders
, ba
sed
upon
the
leve
l of
ser
ious
ness
of
the
offe
nse.
Dru
g of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r co
ndit
iona
l dis
char
ge o
f so
me
firs
t of
fend
ers
char
ged
with
pos
sess
ion;
and
pro
vide
s fo
r pu
nish
men
t of
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
off
ense
s by
up
to t
wic
e th
e us
ual p
enal
ty.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
4
35
Tabi
e 5
S
tatu
tes
auth
oriz
lng
sent
enci
ng o
f pe
rsis
tent
rec
idiv
ists
to
enha
nced
term
s as
car
eer
crim
inal
s or
hab
itual
cri
min
als
(N
ou: States
whi
ch d
o no
t ha
ve s
tatu
te8
auth
oriz
ing
sent
enci
ng o
f pcr
sirt
cnl
Sta
te
cita
tio
n
Uni
ted
Sta
tes(
Fede
ral)
28 U
.S.C
994
(h)
Sent
enci
ng G
uide
lines
Q
4B
l.l
Ala
bam
a 13
A-5
-9
13A
-12-
231
32-5
A-1
91
Ala
ska
12.5
5.15
5
Ari
zona
13
-604
13-6
04.0
1
Ark
ansa
s 5-
4-50
1
16-9
0-20
2
Cal
ifor
nia
Pen.
Cod
e 66
7.7
Col
orad
o 16
-13-
101
Con
nect
icut
5
3 a-
40
reci
divi
sts
to e
nkrn
ced
tarm
a ru
car
eer o
r iw
bitu
al c
rim
i~lr
are
omitt
edfr
om the
tabl
e.)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(Statutory
prov
isio
ns are s
um
ad
ud
or p
arap
hmrc
d.)
Prov
ides
tha
t se
nten
cing
gui
delin
es s
hall
ensu
re s
ubst
antia
l pr
ison
te
rms
for p
erso
ns w
ho c
omm
it cr
imes
of
viol
ence
and
hav
e tw
o or
m
ore
prev
ious
fel
ony
conv
ictio
ns f
or c
rim
es o
f vi
olen
ce o
r se
riou
s dr
ug o
ffen
ses.
Prov
ides
for
sen
tenc
ing
of c
aree
x of
fend
ers
(as
defi
ned
abov
e) a
t the
m
axim
um c
rim
inal
his
tory
cat
egor
y le
vel,
whi
ch s
ubst
antia
lly
incr
ease
s th
e m
axim
um a
nd m
inim
um s
ente
nces
.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pu
nish
men
t for
per
sons
who
com
mit
felo
nies
af
ter
com
mitt
ing
prio
r fe
loni
es, r
angi
ng f
rom
one
gra
de le
vel
enha
ncem
ent f
or p
erso
ns w
ho h
ave
one
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ion
to l
ife
impr
ison
men
t with
out p
arol
e fo
r pe
rson
s w
ho h
ave
thre
e pr
ior
felo
nies
and
com
mit
anot
her
clas
s A
fel
ony.
Prov
ides
for
sen
tenc
ing
unde
r th
e re
cidi
vist
sta
tute
of
pers
ons
who
co
mm
it se
riou
s dr
ug o
ffen
ses
afte
r on
e or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny
conv
icti
ons.
Rep
eat D
UI
offe
nder
s. P
rovi
des
for
sent
enci
ng to
inc
reas
ingl
y en
hanc
ed f
ines
and
jail
term
s ba
sed
on n
umbe
r of
pri
or D
UI
conv
ictio
ns w
ithin
spe
cifi
ed t
ime
peri
ods.
Prov
ides
for
sha
rply
enh
ance
d se
nten
cing
for
agg
rava
ting
fact
ors,
in
clud
ing
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
or
repe
ated
off
ense
s si
mila
r to
the
in
stan
t of
fens
e.
Dan
gero
us a
nd re
petit
ive
offe
nder
s.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
for
repe
titiv
e of
fend
ers
up to
fiv
e tim
es th
e no
rmal
sen
tenc
e, w
ith
limite
d pa
role
elig
ibili
ty, b
ased
upo
n th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
off
ense
ch
arge
d an
d th
e nu
mbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
Dan
gero
us c
rim
es a
gain
st c
hild
ren.
Pr
ovid
es f
or e
nhan
ced
sent
ence
s,
up t
o lif
e im
pris
onm
ent w
ithou
t par
ole,
for
per
sons
who
com
mit
enum
erat
ed o
ffen
ses
agai
nst c
hild
ren
and
who
hav
e pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns
for
such
off
ense
s.
Prov
ides
for
sen
tenc
ing
of h
abitu
al o
ffen
ders
to e
nhan
ced
term
s, u
p to
lif
e im
pris
onm
ent f
or p
erso
ns w
ith f
our
or m
ore
prio
r fe
loni
es,
depe
ndin
g on
the
ser
ious
ness
of
the
pres
ent o
ffen
se a
nd th
e nu
mbe
r of
pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Prov
ides
that
per
sons
who
com
mit
mur
der,
rape
, car
nal
abus
e or
ki
dnap
ping
and
who
hav
e tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns f
or a
ny s
uch
offe
nses
sha
ll be
dee
med
hab
itual
cri
min
als
and
sent
ence
d to
lif
e im
pris
onm
ent,
if t
he d
eath
pen
alty
doe
s no
t ap
ply.
Prov
ides
for
enha
nced
sen
tenc
es a
s ha
bitu
al o
ffen
ders
for
per
sons
who
co
mm
it vi
olen
t fel
onie
s an
d w
ho h
ave
serv
ed tw
o or
mor
e pr
evio
us
sent
ence
s fo
r vi
olen
t or
ser
ious
off
ense
s w
ithin
the
pre
viou
s 10
yea
rs.
Prov
ides
that
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f fe
loni
es w
ho h
ave
prev
ious
ly b
een
conv
icte
d of
tw
o fe
loni
es w
ithin
the
pas
t 10
yea
rs o
r th
ree
felo
nies
at
any
time
shal
l be
adju
dged
to b
e ha
bitu
al o
ffen
ders
and
sen
tenc
ed to
25
-50
year
s (t
wo
prev
ious
fel
onie
s) o
r lif
e im
pris
onm
ent (
thre
e or
m
ore
prev
ious
fel
onie
s), i
f no
t se
nten
ced
to d
eath
.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
for
pers
iste
nt d
ange
rous
fel
ony
offe
nder
s, p
ersi
sten
t se
riou
s fe
lony
off
ende
rs,
pers
iste
nt l
arce
ny
offe
nder
s an
d pe
rsis
tent
fel
ony
offe
nder
s, d
epen
ding
on
the
offe
nse
char
ged
and
the
num
ber
and
natu
re o
f pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns a
nd s
ente
nces
.
36
Tabl
e 5
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Tabi
e 5
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s au
thor
izin
g se
nten
cing
of
pers
iste
nt r
ecid
ivis
ts to
en
hanc
ed te
rms
as c
aree
r cr
imin
als
or h
abitu
al c
rim
inal
s
(Nou
: S
trtt
u w
hich
do
not h
ave
stat
utes
aut
hori
zing
sent
enci
ng o
fper
dk&
nt
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Del
awar
e 11
-421
4
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a 22
-104
a
Flor
ida
775.
084
et s
eq.
Geo
rgia
17
-10-
7(b)
Haw
aii
706-
606.
5
706-
661,
66
2
845-
1 et
seq
.
Idah
o 19
-251
4
Illi
nois
38
-33B
-1
Indi
ana
35-5
0-2-
7.1,
-8
35-5
0-2-
10
Iow
a 90
2.8,
9
Kan
sas
21-4
504
Ken
tuck
y 53
2.08
0
reci
dvir
tr to
enh
ance
d &mi#
rrr c
oner
or
habi
tual
cri
mia
ab o
n o
mitt
edfr
omth
e ta
ble.
)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
pm
viri
o~m
e su
mm
ariw
d or
par
aphr
ased
)
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pe
nalti
es f
or p
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
for
the
thir
d tim
e of
enu
mer
ated
ser
ious
fel
onie
s (m
anda
tory
lie
impr
ison
men
t if
deat
h is
not
im
pose
d) o
r fo
r th
e fo
urth
tim
e of
any
fel
ony
offe
nse
(up
to l
ife
impr
ison
men
t).
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
up t
o li
fe im
pris
onm
ent f
or p
erso
ns
conv
icte
d fo
r th
e th
ird
time
of f
elon
y of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pe
nalti
es (
up to
lif
e w
ithou
t par
ole)
for
hab
itual
fe
lony
off
ende
rs (
two
or m
ore
prev
ious
fel
onie
s) a
nd h
abitu
al v
iole
nt
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
(pr
evio
us v
iole
nt f
elon
y co
nvic
tion)
. R
equi
res
law
en
forc
emen
t age
ncie
s to
em
ploy
enh
ance
d la
w e
nfor
cem
ent
man
agem
ent e
ffor
ts a
nd r
esou
rces
for
inv
estig
atio
n, a
ppre
hens
ion
and
pros
ecut
ion
of c
aree
r cr
imin
als.
Prov
ides
that
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f fo
urth
fel
ony
mus
t be
give
n m
axim
um term
and
cann
ot b
e pa
role
d.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
(up
to 3
0 ye
ars
impr
ison
men
t) fo
r pe
rson
s w
ith p
rior
fel
onie
s w
ithin
spe
cifi
ed p
erio
ds,
depe
ndin
g on
the
se
riou
snes
s of
the
char
ged
offe
nse
and
the
num
ber
of p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pe
nalti
es (
up to
lif
e) f
or p
ersi
sten
t off
ende
rs
(tw
o or
mor
e pr
evio
us f
elon
ies)
and
pro
fess
iona
l cr
imin
als.
Est
ablis
hes
a ca
reer
cri
min
al p
rose
cutio
n pr
ogra
m to
pro
vide
ad
ditio
nal f
inan
cial
and
tec
hnic
al r
esou
rces
for
the
pro
secu
tion
of
pers
ons
with
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns o
f de
sign
ated
typ
es w
ithin
spe
cifi
ed
peri
ods.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rms
of f
ive
year
s to
lif
e fo
r pe
rsis
tent
vi
olat
ors
-per
sons
who
hav
e th
ree
or m
ore
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry li
fe t
erm
s, i
f de
ath
pena
lty i
s no
t im
pose
d, f
or
pers
ons
who
com
mit
viol
ent o
ffen
ses
and
who
hav
e tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns f
or v
iole
nt o
ffen
ses
with
in 2
0 ye
ars.
Prov
ides
for
add
ing
eigh
t to
30
yea
rs t
o no
rmal
sen
tenc
es f
or h
abitu
al
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
who
hav
e tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns,
depe
ndin
g on
the
cri
me
char
ged,
the
natu
re o
f th
e pr
evio
us o
ffen
ses
and
the
time
peri
od d
urin
g w
hich
they
wer
e co
mm
itted
.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d te
rms
of t
hree
to e
ight
add
ition
al y
ears
for
ha
bitu
al d
rug
offe
nder
s -th
ose
with
two
or m
ore
drug
off
ense
co
nvic
tions
with
in s
peci
fied
per
iods
.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry m
inim
um p
riso
n te
rms
for
pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
des
igna
ted
felo
nies
who
hav
e tw
o or
mor
e fe
lony
con
vict
ions
.
Prov
ides
for
sen
tenc
es o
f up
to tw
ice
the
pres
crib
ed m
inim
um a
nd
max
imum
sen
tenc
es fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
for
the
seco
nd ti
me
for
a fe
lony
off
ense
and
for
up
to th
ree
times
the
pres
crib
ed m
inim
um a
nd
max
imum
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f th
ree
or m
ore
felo
nies
.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pr
ison
ter
ms
for
pers
iste
nt f
elon
y of
fend
ers
-th
ose
who
hav
e on
e or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns w
ithin
spe
cifi
ed
peri
ods.
Se
nten
ces r
ange
fro
m th
e ne
xt h
ighe
st d
egre
e of
off
ense
to
life,
dep
endi
ng o
n th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
pre
sent
off
ense
and
the
nu
mbe
r of
pri
or f
elon
ies.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
5
37
Tabl
e 5
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s au
thor
izin
g se
nten
cing
of
pers
iste
nt r
ecid
ivis
ts t
o
enha
nced
ter
ms
as c
aree
r cr
imin
ais
or
habi
tual
cri
min
als
(N
ote:
Sta
tar
whi
ch do
not
Sta
te
Lou
isia
na
Mai
ne
Mar
ylan
d
Mas
sach
uset
ts
Mic
higa
n
Min
neso
ta
Mis
siss
ippi
Mis
sour
i
Mon
tana
Neb
rask
a
have
stat
utes
aut
hori
zing
sent
enci
ng o
f
Cit
atio
n
15:529.1
29-2292
27-643B
279-25
66-40
769.10,11, 12
609.152
99-19-81
558.016, 019
558.018
46-18-501,503
29-2221
pers
iste
nt r
ecid
ivis
tx to
enh
ance
d te
rn ax
car
eer
or habirual
crim
innl
t me
omin
edfi
om th
e ta
ble.
)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sio
n
(Sta
tuto
ry pm
visi
onr are
sum
mar
imd
orpa
raph
raxe
d.)
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
up to
lif
e w
itho
ut p
arol
e fo
r fe
lony
.
offe
nder
s w
ith p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons,
dep
endi
ng o
n th
e nu
mbe
r an
d na
ture
of
the
prio
r of
fens
es.
Hab
itua
l mot
or v
ehic
le o
ffen
ders
. P
rovi
des
for
revo
cati
on o
f li
cens
e fo
r pe
rson
s w
ith t
hree
or
mor
e se
riou
s vi
olat
ions
wit
hin
five
yea
rs.
Prov
ides
for
a m
anda
tory
ter
m o
f 25
year
s fo
r a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
a cr
ime
of v
iole
nce
who
has
tw
o pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
crim
es o
f vi
olen
ce a
nd w
ho h
as s
erve
d at
leas
t one
ter
m o
f im
pr&
onm
ent f
or
such
cri
mes
; and
for
a m
anda
tory
lif
e te
rm w
itho
ut p
arol
e fo
r a
pers
on
conv
icte
d of
a c
rim
e of
vio
lenc
e w
ho h
as s
erve
d th
ree
prio
r pr
ison
te
rms
afte
r co
nvic
tion
s fo
r cr
imes
of
viol
ence
.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry m
axim
um p
riso
n te
rms
for
pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
fel
onie
s w
ho h
ave
been
con
vict
ed a
nd s
ente
nced
for
fel
onie
s at
leas
t tw
ice
befo
re.
Prov
ides
for
pri
son
term
s of
up
to 20
year
s fo
r ha
bitu
al la
rcen
y of
fend
ers.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed p
riso
n te
rms
up t
o li
fe i
mpr
ison
men
t for
fel
ony
offe
nder
s w
ho h
ave
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
, dep
endi
ng o
n th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
new
off
ense
and
the
num
ber
of p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons.
Prov
ides
for
judg
es t
o de
part
fro
m s
ente
ncin
g gu
idel
ines
and
impo
se
aggr
avat
ed s
ente
nces
for
dang
erou
s of
fend
ers
(cha
rged
with
a v
iole
nt
crim
e an
d tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
viol
ent c
rim
es)
and
care
er
offe
nder
s (c
harg
ed w
ith a
vio
lent
cri
me
and
four
or
mor
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
viol
ent
crim
es).
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rms
up t
o li
fe w
itho
ut p
arol
e fo
r pe
rson
s w
ho a
re c
onvi
cted
of
felo
nies
and
who
hav
e tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny w
nvic
tion
s fo
r w
hich
they
wer
e se
nten
ced
to p
riso
n te
rms
of a
ye
ar o
r m
ore.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pr
ison
ter
ms
with
lim
ited
par
ole
elig
ibil
ity
for
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
who
are
adj
udge
d to
be
prio
r of
fend
ers
(one
pri
or
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n), p
ersi
sten
t of
fend
ers
(tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny
conv
icti
ons)
, dan
gero
us o
ffen
ders
(ch
arge
d w
ith
a da
nger
ous
felo
ny
and
has
a pr
ior
conv
icti
on fo
r a
seri
ous
or d
ange
rous
fel
ony)
and
cla
ss
X o
ffen
ders
(th
ree
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
).
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rms
of 30
year
s w
itho
ut p
arol
e or
pr
obat
ion
for
pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
enu
mer
ated
sex
ual
offe
nses
who
ha
ve o
ne o
r m
ore
prev
ious
con
vict
ions
for
suc
h of
fens
es.
Pro
vide
s fo
r se
nten
cing
of
pers
ons
char
ged
wit
h fe
loni
es w
ho h
ave
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
wit
hin
five
yea
rs a
s pe
rsis
tent
fel
ony
offe
nder
s.
Off
ende
rs re
ceiv
e m
anda
tory
min
imum
jail
ter
ms
that
ca
nnot
be
susp
ende
d, d
epen
ding
on
the
num
ber
of p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry m
inim
um te
rm o
f 10
year
s fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of f
elon
ies
who
hav
e tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
and
pris
on t
erm
s fo
r fe
loni
es.
38
Tab
le 5
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng t
he U
se o
f C
rim
i'nal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 5 (
cont
.)S
tatu
tes
auth
oriz
ing
sent
enci
ng o
f pe
rsis
tent
rec
ldlv
lsts
to
enha
nced
term
s as
car
eer
crim
inal
s or
hab
itual
crl
mln
als
((
Not
e: S
tate
a w
hich
do
not h
ave
stat
utes
aut
hori
zing
sen
tenc
ing
ofpe
rsis
tent
rec
idiv
ists
to e
nhan
ced
tenn
r as
care
er o
r ha
bitu
al c
rim
i~lsa
re o
mitt
edfr
om th
e ta
ble.
)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
isio
m m
e su
mm
ariu
d or
pmap
hm
rrd.
)
Sta
te
Cita
tion
Nev
ada
207.010
New
Ham
pshi
re
159:3-a
New
Jer
sey
2c:44-3
New
Mex
ico
31-18-17
31-18-18
31-18-19
New
Yor
k C
r. P
roc.
Law
Ej 400.16;
Pen.
L
aw Ej
70.01.
Nor
th C
arol
ina
14-7.1
et seq.
Nor
th D
akot
a 12.1-32-09
Ohi
o 2950.99
Okl
ahom
a 21-51
Ore
gon
161.725
Pen
nsyl
vani
a 42-9721
Puer
to R
ico
33-3375
Rho
de I
slan
d 11-41-24
12-19-21
Sou
th C
arol
ina
17-25-45
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rms
of 10
to 20
year
s fo
r pe
rson
s w
nvic
ted
of f
raud
, the
ft o
r an
y fe
lony
who
hav
e tw
o pr
ior
felo
ny
wnv
icti
ons
or t
hree
pri
or f
raud
or
larc
eny
conv
icti
ons,
and
lif
e fo
r pe
rson
s w
ith t
hree
pri
or f
elon
ies
or f
ive
prio
r fr
aud
or la
rcen
y co
nvic
tion
s.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rm o
f 10
to 4
0 ye
ars
for
arm
ed c
aree
r cr
imin
als,
per
sons
who
hav
e th
ree
or m
ore
viol
ent
dang
erou
s fe
lony
co
nvic
tion
s an
d w
ho a
re c
onvi
cted
of
owni
ng o
r po
sses
sing
a f
irea
rm.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
for
pers
iste
nt o
ffen
ders
(tw
o pr
ior
wnv
icti
ons,
at
leas
t one
with
in 10
year
s) a
nd p
erso
ns w
ho h
ave
at
leas
t one
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
n fo
r a
felo
ny c
omm
itte
d w
ith a
fir
earm
.
Prov
ides
for
fel
ony
sent
ence
s to
be
incr
ease
d by
one
yea
r fo
r on
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n, b
y fo
ur y
ears
for
tw
o pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns, a
nd
by e
ight
yea
rs f
or t
hree
or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Req
uire
s la
w e
nfor
cem
ent o
ffic
ials
to r
epor
t to
the
dist
rict
atto
rney
if
they
kno
w t
hat
a w
nvic
ted
pers
on i
s a
habi
tual
off
ende
r.
Req
uire
s di
stri
ct a
ttorn
ey t
o fi
le i
nfor
mat
ion
if h
e le
arns
that
a
conv
icte
d pe
rson
is
a ha
bitu
al c
rim
inal
.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
for
per
sist
ent
viol
ent
felo
ny
offe
nder
s -p
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
of
a vi
olen
t fe
lony
who
hav
e tw
o or
m
ore
prev
ious
con
vict
ions
for
vio
lent
fel
onie
s.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rms
of a
t le
ast 14
year
s fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of f
elon
y of
fens
es w
ho h
ave
thre
e o
r m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
co
nvic
tion
s.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pr
ison
term
s of
10
year
s to
lif
e fo
r da
nger
ous
spec
ial o
ffen
ders
-th
ose
who
hav
e tw
o pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
clas
s B
or
abov
e fe
loni
es o
r on
e su
ch f
elon
y co
nvic
tion
and
tw
o ot
her
felo
ny
conv
icti
ons.
Prov
ides
for
pun
ishm
ent a
s fo
urth
deg
ree
felo
n of
per
sons
con
vict
ed
two
or m
ore
times
of
enum
erat
ed s
ex o
ffen
ses.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rms
of u
p to
20
year
s of
per
sons
co
nvic
ted
of f
elon
ies
who
hav
e pr
evio
us f
elon
y co
nvic
tion
, dep
endi
ng
on t
he n
umbe
r of
pri
or f
elon
ies
and
the
seri
ousn
ess
of t
he n
ew o
ffen
se.
Prov
ides
for
pri
son
term
of
up to
30
year
s fo
r da
nger
ous
offe
nder
s ba
sed
in p
art
upon
pre
viou
s fe
lony
wnv
icti
ons.
Sent
enci
ng g
uide
line
s. P
rovi
des
for
exte
nded
sen
tenc
es b
ased
upo
n se
riou
snes
s of
the
char
ged
offe
nse
and
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess o
f pr
ior
conv
icti
ons.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rm o
f 20 t
o 99
yea
rs f
or a
ny p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
of a
fel
ony
who
has
tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rm a
nd F
ines
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed
thre
e or
mor
e ti
mes
of
larc
eny,
sho
plif
ting
or
rece
ivin
g st
olen
goo
ds.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry te
rm o
f up
to 25
year
s fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
and
sent
ence
d fo
r fe
loni
es w
ho h
ave
two
or m
ore
prev
ious
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons
and
sent
ence
s.
Prov
ides
for
sen
tenc
e of
lif
e w
itho
ut p
arol
e fo
r an
y pe
rson
con
vict
ed
for
the
thir
d tim
e of
a c
rim
e of
vio
lenc
e.
-
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
5
39
Tabl
e 5 (
cont
.)
Sta
tute
s au
thor
izin
g se
nten
cing
of
pers
iste
nt r
ecid
ivis
ts to
en
hanc
ed te
rms
as c
aree
r cr
imin
als
or h
abitu
al c
rim
inal
s
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
do
nor
Sta
te
Sou
th D
akot
a
Ten
ness
ee
Tex
as
Uta
h
Ver
mon
t
Vir
gin
Isla
nds
Vir
gini
a
Was
hing
ton
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
have
st
am
auth
oriz
ing
sent
enci
ng o
f
Cit
atio
n
22-7-7
et seq.
39-6-417
40-35-106
Pen.
Cod
e 0 12.42
Pen.
Cod
e 0 12.43
76-3-407
76-3-408
76-8-1001,1002
13-11
14-61
19-612, 614
19.2-297
9.92.090
61-11-18
et s
eq.
62-8-4
pers
iste
nt re
cidi
vist
x to
enh
ance
d te
rms
pr
care
er o
r ha
bitu
al c
rim
inal
s w
e o
min
edfm
m t
he t
able
.)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sio
n
(Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
rion
r are
sum
mar
ized
or p
arap
hras
ed.)
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed s
ente
nces
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f fe
loni
es w
ho
have
pri
or f
elon
y co
nvic
tion
s, d
epen
ding
on
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess
of p
rior
fel
onie
s.
Prov
ides
for
sen
tenc
ing
as a
cla
ss X
fel
on o
f an
y pe
rson
fou
nd to
be
a ha
bitu
al d
rug
offe
nder
, bas
ed u
pon
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess
of p
rior
dr
ug c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
of p
erso
ns f
ound
to b
e pe
rsis
tent
of
fend
ers,
bas
ed u
pon
num
ber,
ser
ious
ness
and
tim
e fr
ame
of p
rior
fe
lony
co
nvic
tion
s.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
term
s up
to
life
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f fe
loni
es w
ho h
ave
prev
ious
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons,
dep
endi
ng o
n th
e nu
mbe
r of
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry ja
il t
erm
s of
rep
eat
and
habi
tual
mis
dem
eano
r of
fend
ers,
dep
endi
ng o
n th
e nu
mbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d se
nten
ces
for
habi
tual
sex
off
ende
rs -
thre
e ad
diti
onal
yea
rs f
or e
ach
prio
r fe
lony
sex
off
ense
.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry s
ente
nce
of l
ife
wit
hout
par
ole
for
pers
ons
co
nvic
ted
for
thii
d ti
me
of f
elon
y se
x of
fens
es.
Prov
ides
for
an
enha
nced
pri
son
term
of
five
yea
rs t
o li
fe f
or p
erso
ns
conv
icte
d of
fel
onie
s w
ho h
ave
two
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
, de
pend
ing
on t
he n
umbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
the
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
Prov
ides
for
life
term
for
any
per
son
conv
icte
d fo
r th
e fo
urth
tim
e of
a
felo
ny.
Pro
vide
s fo
r en
hanc
ed te
rms
of i
mpr
ison
men
t of
pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
fe
loni
es o
r m
isde
mea
nors
who
hav
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons,
the
len
gth
of
the
pris
on t
erm
s de
pend
ing
on th
e nu
mbe
r an
d se
riou
snes
s of
the
pri
or
offe
nses
and
the
ser
ious
ness
of
the
new
off
ense
.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rm o
f 20
year
s to
lif
e fo
r a
pers
on
conv
icte
d of
dru
g of
fens
es a
s a
cont
inui
ng c
rim
inal
ent
erpr
ise
if th
e
pers
on h
as a
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
n fo
r su
ch d
rug
offe
nses
as
a co
ntin
uing
cr
imin
al e
nter
pris
e.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry ja
il t
erm
for
per
son
conv
icte
d fo
r se
cond
tim
e
of l
arce
ny a
nd f
or p
unis
hmen
t as
a cl
ass 6
felo
ny f
or p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
of
lar
ceny
for
a th
iid
tim
e.
Prov
ides
for
man
dato
ry p
riso
n te
rms
of 10
year
s to
lif
e fo
r pe
rson
s
conv
icte
d of
fra
ud, l
arce
ny o
r an
y fe
lony
who
hav
e pr
evio
us
conv
icti
ons
for
such
off
ense
s, d
epen
ding
upo
n th
e nu
mbe
r an
d na
ture
of
the
pri
or o
ffen
ses.
Prov
ides
tha
t a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
a fe
lony
sha
ll r
ecei
ve a
n ad
diti
onal
fi
ve y
ears
if
he h
as a
pri
or f
elon
y co
nvic
tion
and
sha
ll r
ecei
ve a
lif
e
sent
ence
if h
e ha
s tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
nies
Pro
vide
s th
at if
a p
riso
ner
is r
ecei
ved
at a
sta
te p
riso
n an
d th
e w
arde
n
know
s th
at t
he p
erso
n ha
s a
prio
r fe
lony
rec
ord
but
has
not
been
se
nten
ced
as a
rep
eat o
r ha
bitu
al o
ffen
der,
he
shal
l not
ify
the
cour
t and
th
e co
urt
shal
l dir
ect
that
an
info
rmat
ion
be f
iled.
40
Tab
le 5
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Tabl
e 5 (
cont
.)S
tatu
tes
auth
oriz
ing
sent
enci
ng o
f pe
rsis
tent
rec
idiv
ists
to
enha
nced
term
s as
car
eer
crim
inal
s or
hab
itual
cri
min
als
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
& n
ot h
ave
stat
utes
aut
hori
zing
sent
enci
ng o
fper
sist
ent
reci
divi
sts
to e
nhan
ced
tern
ry c
aree
r or h
obilu
crlc
rin&
ala
we
omrm
rtte
dfm
mhta
ble.
)
Tabl
e 5
41
Sta
te
Wis
cons
in
Wyo
min
g
Cita
tion
351.
02 e
t se
q.
939.
62;
973.
12
6-10
-201
, 20
3
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(Statutory
pm
visi
ow
me
sum
mar
ized
orpm
aphm
sed.
)
Pro
vide
s fo
r se
nten
cing
of
repe
at h
abit
ual t
raff
ic o
ffen
ders
.
Prov
ides
for
enh
ance
d pr
ison
ter
ms
(up
to 1
0 ad
diti
onal
yea
rs)
for
any
pers
on w
ith
a pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
or
thre
e pr
ior
mis
dem
eano
r co
nvic
tion
s w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
term
s of
10
to 5
0 ye
ars
for
any
pers
on
conv
icte
d of
a v
iole
nt f
elon
y w
ho h
as t
wo
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
. an
d li
fe i
mpr
ison
men
t for
any
per
son
conv
icte
d of
a v
iole
nt f
elon
y w
ho h
as t
hree
or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Tabl
e 6
S
tatu
tes
that
req
uire
or
perm
it co
nsid
erat
ion
of p
rio
r cr
imin
al h
isto
ry
in d
ecis
ions
con
cern
ing
prob
atio
n
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hich
do
not h
ave
of p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ry in
dec
uion
v co
ncer
ning
pro
batio
n ar
e om
ined
fror
n th
e ta
ble.
)st
atut
es th
at r
equi
re o
r per
mit
co~
~d
era
tio
rc
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Uni
ted
Stat
es (
Fede
ral)
18
-356
2(a)
Ala
bam
a 15
-22-
51
Ala
ska
12.5
5.00
5,.0
15
Ari
zona
13
-604
13-6
04.0
1
13-6
04.0
2
13-1
406.
01
13-3
407
et s
eq.
Ark
ansa
s 16
-93-
303
16-9
3-30
4
Cal
ifor
nia
Pen.
Cod
e 3
1203
(e)(
4), (
6)
Col
orad
o 16
-1 1
-201
Flo
rida
9
48
.01
Geo
rgia
42
-8-3
4
42-8
-60
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sio
n
(Sta
hdor
y pro
vuio
lu are s
wv
~r
iudo
rpar
aphr
ased
.)
Req
uire
s co
urts
to c
onsi
der d
efen
dant
's p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ry i
n de
cidi
ng w
heth
er t
o im
pose
a t
erm
of
prob
atio
n an
d in
det
erm
inin
g th
e le
ngth
and
con
diti
ons
of t
he p
roba
tion
ary
term
.
Prov
ides
that
a c
ourt
may
not
pla
ce a
def
enda
nt o
n pr
obat
ion
wit
hout
or
deri
ng a
pro
batio
n of
fice
r to
pre
pare
a r
epor
t in
clud
ing,
am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, th
e de
fend
ant's
cri
min
al h
isto
ry.
Aut
hori
zes
cour
t to
impo
se p
riso
n te
rm o
r pr
obat
ion
depe
ndin
g up
on,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs, t
he p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ry o
f th
e de
fend
ant.
Lim
its
or d
enie
s pr
obat
ion
elig
ibil
ity
for
cert
ain
dang
erou
s an
d re
peti
tive
off
ende
rs, d
epen
ding
upo
n th
e na
ture
of
the
offe
nse
and
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ry.
Lim
its o
r de
nies
pro
batio
n el
igib
ilit
y fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of
dang
erou
s cr
imes
aga
inst
chi
ldre
n.
Den
ies
prob
atio
n fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of f
elon
y of
fens
es w
hile
on
prob
atio
n, p
arol
e, w
ork
rele
ase
or a
ny o
ther
for
m o
f re
leas
e or
esc
ape.
Den
ies
prob
atio
n fo
r a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
sexu
al a
ssau
lt o
f a
spou
se
who
has
a p
rior
con
vict
ion
for
the
sam
e of
fens
e.
Prov
ides
for
pro
batio
n fo
r ce
rtai
n dr
ug o
ffen
ders
who
hav
e no
pri
or
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns a
nd l
imit
s or
den
ies
prob
atio
n el
igib
ilit
y fo
r pe
rson
s w
ith p
rior
con
vict
ions
.
Prov
ides
for
pro
batio
n fo
r co
nvic
ted
pers
ons
who
hav
e no
pri
or f
elon
y co
nvic
tion
s.
Req
uire
s ju
dges
to
quer
y th
e S
tate
cri
min
al h
isto
ry r
epos
itor
y to
co
nfir
m f
irst
off
ende
r st
atus
pri
or t
o gr
antin
g pr
obat
ion
unde
r 3
303
and
to r
epor
t an
y or
der
of p
roba
tion
to t
he r
epos
itor
y. A
lso
requ
ires
th
e re
posi
tory
to
noti
fy a
sen
tenc
ing
cour
t if
it d
eter
min
es t
hat
an
offe
nder
has
bee
n gr
ante
d fi
rst
offe
nder
pro
bati
on m
ore
than
onc
e.
Den
ies
prob
atio
n to
per
sons
with
tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny
conv
icti
ons
or w
ith a
ny p
rior
fel
ony
conv
icti
on if
the
pre
sent
off
ense
is
a v
iole
nt fe
lony
or
invo
lved
the
use
of
a de
adly
wea
pon,
exc
ept
in
unus
ual c
ases
whe
re t
he i
nter
ests
of
just
ice
wou
ld b
est
be s
erve
d by
gr
anti
ng p
roba
tion
.
Den
ies
prob
atio
n fo
r an
y of
fend
er w
ith t
wo
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
co
nvic
tions
or
with
one
pri
or f
elon
y w
ho i
s co
nvic
ted
of a
cla
ss 1
, 2,
or 3
fel
ony.
Aut
hori
zes
prob
atio
n in
non
-cap
ital
cas
es,
and
requ
ires
the
cou
rt t
o or
der
an i
nves
tigat
ion
and
repo
rt b
y th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
w
hich
mus
t in
clud
e in
form
atio
n co
ncer
ning
the
def
enda
nt's
prio
r cr
imin
al h
isto
ry.
Aut
hori
zes
crim
inal
cou
rts
to g
rant
pro
batio
n to
con
vict
ed p
erso
ns i
n no
n-ca
pita
l ca
ses
and
auth
oriz
es th
e co
urts
to
orde
r th
e pr
obat
ion
supe
rvis
or t
o m
ake
an i
nves
tiga
tion
and
rep
ort
whi
ch m
ust
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
conc
erni
ng th
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
his
tory
Aut
hori
zes
prob
atio
n be
fore
adj
udic
atio
n to
per
sons
with
no
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
, an
d re
quir
es t
he c
ourt
to o
btai
n a
crim
inal
his
tory
fr
om t
he S
tate
cri
min
al re
cord
rep
osito
ry p
rior
to
sent
enci
ng u
nder
thi
s se
ctio
n.
Tab
le 6
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng t
he U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Stat
utor
y p
rovi
sion
(S
tonu
ory
pro
viri
oru
are
sum
mar
ized
or p
arap
hras
ed.)
son
term
or
the
Tab
le 6
14:98
14:106.1
15:529.1G
Kit
s or
pro
hibi
ts p
roba
tion
for
pers
ons
conv
icte
d fo
r a
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
tim
e of
dri
ving
whi
le i
ntox
icat
ed.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
prom
otio
n of
obs
cene
de
vice
s fo
r a
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
tim
e.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r pe
rson
s se
nten
ced
unde
r th
e ha
bitu
al o
ffen
ders
la
w.
Tabl
e 6
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s th
at r
equi
re o
r pe
rmit
cons
ider
atio
n of
pri
or c
rim
inal
his
tory
in
dec
isio
ns
conc
erni
ng p
roba
tlon
(N
ote:
Sta
tu w
hich
do
mt h
ave sa
tides
tha
t req
uire
or p
erm
it co
d&ra
twn
of p
rior
cri
min
al &
tory
in
&cu
ww
~on
cem
~rc
g ar
e om
itte
dfro
m th
e ta
ble.
)pm
batw
n
Sta
te
Clt
atio
n
Lou
isia
na (
cont
.)
Cod
e C
rim
. Pr
oc.
art.
894.
1 B
(7)
Mar
ylan
d 27
-641
(a)(
3)
Mas
sach
uset
ts
94C
-32H
276-
87
Mic
higa
n 33
3.74
1 l(
1)
333.
7413
Mis
siss
ippi
47
-7-3
3
99-1
9-81
Mis
sour
i 21
7.76
0
549.
371
Mon
tana
46
-18-
101
46-1
8-20
1(6)
Neb
rask
a 29
-226
01
Nev
ada
176.
135,
145
New
Jer
sey
2C:4
4-1
New
Yor
k C
r. P
roc.
Law
8 3
90.2
0, .
30
Nor
th C
arol
ina
14-2
.1
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
taw
ry pm
viP
iow
are s
um
wm
iud
or p
arap
hras
ed)
Prov
ides
that
fac
tors
fav
orin
g pr
obat
ion
shal
l inc
lude
the
abs
ence
of
a
prio
r cr
imin
al o
r ju
veni
le r
ecor
d.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n pr
ior
to ju
dgm
ent
for
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
co
ntro
lled
dang
erou
s su
bsta
nces
off
ense
s.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of c
erta
in dru
g of
fens
es f
or
the
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
tim
e.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
for
the
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
tim
e of
enu
mer
ated
sex
off
ense
s ag
ains
t chi
ldre
n.
Prov
ides
for
pro
batio
n w
ithou
t jud
gmen
t fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of d
rug
po
sses
sion
who
hav
e no
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns f
or d
rug
offe
nses
.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of e
num
erat
ed d
rug
offe
nses
fo
r a
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
tim
e.
Aut
hori
zes
prob
atio
n ex
cept
in
capi
tal c
ases
and
for
any
per
son
with
a
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ion.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r pe
rson
s se
nten
ced
unde
r th
e ha
bitu
al c
rim
inal
la
w.
Req
uire
s in
vest
igat
ion
and
repo
rt b
efor
e se
nten
cing
to
prob
atio
n in
fe
lony
and
cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r ca
ses,
suc
h re
port
to in
clud
e
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
def
enda
nt's
pri
or c
rim
inal
rec
ord.
Aut
hori
zes
cour
ts to
ord
er i
nves
tigat
ion
and
repo
rt p
rior
to
gran
ting
of
prob
atio
n, s
uch
repo
rt to
inc
lude
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al r
ecor
d,
if a
ny.
Prov
ides
tha
t se
nten
ces
shal
l re
flec
t, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, th
e
offe
nder
's c
rim
inal
his
tory
and
tha
t dan
gero
us h
abitu
al o
ffen
ders
sha
ll
be i
mpr
ison
ed ra
ther
tha
n gr
ante
d pr
obat
ion.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r an
y pe
rson
con
vict
ed o
f a
felo
ny w
ho h
as a
pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n.
Aut
hori
zes
cour
ts to
gra
nt p
roba
tion
in c
ases
tha
t do
not
car
ry
man
dato
ry p
riso
n se
nten
ces
unle
ss t
he c
ourt
frn
ds t
hat p
riso
n is
ne
cess
ary
to p
rote
ct t
he p
ublic
hav
ing
rega
rd t
o, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
the
hist
ory
of t
he o
ffen
der.
Fur
ther
pro
vide
s th
at t
he a
bsen
ce o
f a
prio
r
crim
inal
or
juve
nile
his
tory
sha
ll be
a f
acto
r fa
vori
ng p
roba
tion.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s pr
ior
to g
rant
ing
of p
roba
tion
in f
elon
y
case
s, s
uch
repo
rts
to i
nclu
de a
ny p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
of
the
de
fend
ant.
Prov
ides
that
cri
teri
a fo
r gr
antin
g pr
obat
ion
shal
l in
clud
e th
e ex
tent
an
d se
riou
snes
s of
the
def
enda
nt's
pri
or c
rim
inal
reco
rd a
nd p
rovi
des
fu
rthe
r th
at p
roba
tion
shal
l be
the
pres
umpt
ive
sent
ence
for
per
sons
co
nvic
ted
of l
ess
seri
ous
offe
nses
who
hav
e no
pre
viou
s co
nvic
tions
.
Prov
ides
that
a c
ourt
mus
t ord
er a
pre
sent
ence
repo
rt b
efor
e se
nten
cing
in
any
fel
ony
case
or
befo
re g
rant
ing
prob
atio
n in
a m
isde
mea
nor
ca
se, s
uch
repo
rt to
inc
lude
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al a
nd ju
veni
le
hist
ory.
Proh
ibits
pro
batio
n fo
r a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
a fe
lony
inv
olvi
ng u
se
of a
dea
dly
wea
pon
who
has
a p
rior
con
vict
ion
for
such
an
offe
nse.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d in
form
atio
n
Tabi
e 6
(co
nt.)
Sta
tute
s th
at r
equi
re o
r pe
rmit
cons
ider
atio
n of
pri
or c
rlmin
ai h
isto
ry
in d
ecis
ions
con
cern
ing
prob
atio
n
(No
te: Statas w
hich
&no
t hav
e s
tatu
~sth
at r
equi
re o
r pen
nit
cons
i&r&
n of
pri
or
crim
inal
history
in d
ecis
ions
con
cem
Mrc
g pro
batio
n ar
e o
mitt
edfr
om
the
tabl
e.)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Nor
th C
arol
ina
(con
t.)
15A
- 134
1(a)
Nor
th D
akot
a 12
.1 -3
2-04
Ohi
o 29
5 1.
02
Pen
nsyl
vani
a 42
-972
1
Puer
to R
ico
24-2
404
34- 1
027
Sou
th C
arol
ina
24-2
1-4
20
44-5
3-37
0
44-5
3-45
0
Sou
th D
akot
a 23
A-2
7-5,
6
Ten
ness
ee
40-3
5-30
3
Tex
as
Cod
e C
rirn
. P
roc.
art
. 42.
12
89 6
.8
Ver
mon
t 28
-204
(a).
205
Vir
gini
a 19
.2-2
99
Was
hing
ton
9.95
.200
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
62-1
2-7
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(Staftuory
pro
visi
om
me
su
mm
ari
d o
rpar
qp
lvcr
ed.)
Aut
hori
zes
prob
atio
n in
cer
tain
non
-cap
ital
cas
es i
f th
e de
fend
ant h
as
not
prev
ious
ly b
een
conv
icte
d of
a f
elon
y or
a m
isde
mea
nor
invo
lvin
g m
oral
tur
pitu
de a
nd h
as n
ot p
revi
ousl
y be
en g
rant
ed p
roba
tion
.
Pro
vide
s th
at f
acto
rs f
avor
ing
prob
atio
n ra
ther
tha
n im
pris
onm
ent
shal
l inc
lude
the
abse
nce
of a
cri
min
al o
r ju
veni
le r
ecor
d.
Pro
vide
s th
at a
fac
tor
favo
ring
pro
bati
on s
hall
be
the
abse
nce
of a
cr
imin
al o
r ju
veni
le r
ecor
d, t
hat
a fa
ctor
fav
orin
g de
nyin
g pr
obat
ion
shal
l be
a p
revi
ous
viol
atio
n of
pro
bati
on o
r pa
role
, an
d th
at
prob
atio
n sh
all b
e pr
ohib
ited
for
rep
eat
or d
ange
rous
off
ende
rs.
Set
s ou
t se
nten
cing
gui
deli
nes
that
spe
cify
sen
tenc
e ra
nges
, in
clud
ing
prob
atio
n, b
ased
upo
n th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
off
ense
cha
rged
and
the
ex
tent
of
the
offe
nder
's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Aut
hori
zes
prob
atio
n fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of d
rug
poss
essi
on f
or t
he
firs
t ti
me.
Prov
ides
for
pro
bati
on in
enu
mer
ated
felo
ny a
nd m
isde
mea
nor c
ases
if
the
defe
ndan
t has
no
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ion.
Pro
vide
s th
at i
f th
e se
rvic
es o
f a
prob
atio
n of
fice
r ar
e av
aila
ble,
no
pers
on c
harg
ed w
ith a
fel
ony
shal
l be
plac
ed o
n pr
obat
ion
unle
ss t
he
cour
t ord
ers
a pr
esen
tmce
inv
esti
gati
on a
nd r
epor
t th
at m
ust
incl
ude
the
offe
nder
's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Pro
hibi
ts p
roba
tion
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed f
or t
he s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
time
of e
num
erat
ed d
rug
offe
nses
.
Per
mit
s pr
obat
ion
for
pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
dru
g po
sses
sion
for
the
fi
rst
tim
e.
Req
uire
s a p
rese
nten
ex r
epor
t, w
hich
mus
t inc
lude
the
offe
nder
's p
rior
cr
imin
al r
ecor
d, p
rior
to
gran
ting
pro
bati
on u
nles
s th
e de
fend
ant
wai
ves
the
inve
stig
atio
n w
ith
the
cour
ts c
onse
nt o
r th
e co
urt finds
the
inve
stig
atio
n an
d re
port
to
be u
nnec
essa
ry a
nd s
tate
s th
e re
ason
s on
th
e re
cord
.
Pro
hibi
ts p
roba
tion
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f bu
rgla
ry o
r br
eaki
ng a
nd
entr
y fo
r th
e se
cond
or
subs
eque
nt ti
me.
Aut
hori
zes
prob
atio
n in
fel
ony
case
s, i
f am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, th
e de
fend
ant h
as n
ever
bef
ore
serv
ed a
ter
m o
f im
pris
onm
ent f
or a
fel
ony
conv
icti
on.
Req
uire
s a
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt b
efor
e se
nten
cing
, inc
ludi
ng t
he
gran
ting
of
prob
atio
n, o
f an
y pe
rson
con
vict
ed o
f a
felo
ny,
such
re
port
to i
nclu
de th
e of
fend
er's
pri
or c
rim
inal
rec
ord.
Pro
vide
s th
at b
efor
e pr
onou
ncin
g se
nten
ce,
incl
udin
g pr
obat
ion,
in
a fe
lony
cas
e, a
cou
rt m
ay (
and
mus
t if
the
defe
ndan
t so
mov
es) o
rder
a
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt w
hich
mus
t in
clud
e th
e de
fend
ant's
cri
min
al
hist
ory.
Aut
hori
zes
sent
enci
ng c
ourt
s to
req
uest
pre
sent
ence
rep
orts
bef
ore
dete
rmin
ing
whe
ther
to
gran
t pro
bati
on, s
uch
repo
rts
to i
nclu
de th
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Prov
ides
tha
t no
per
son
conv
icte
d of
a f
elon
y sh
all b
e re
leas
ed o
n pr
obat
ion
unti
l th
e co
urt
obta
ins
a pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
whi
ch m
ust
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
conc
erni
ng th
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
rec
ord.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
6
45
Tabl
e 6
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s th
at r
equi
re o
r pe
rmit
cons
ider
atio
n of
pri
or c
rim
inal
his
tory
in
dec
isio
ns c
once
rnin
g pr
obat
ion
(N
ote:
S
tam
whi
ch &
not
hav
e st
atut
es t
hat
req
uire
or p
enni
t co
nsid
erat
ion
of p
rio
r cr
imin
al h
isto
ry i
n d
ecui
ons
conc
erni
ng p
roba
tion
are
omitt
edfr
om the t
ab&
.)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n S
tatu
tory
pro
visi
on
(Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
rion
r cue
sum
mar
ized
or p
arq
plr
mn
d.)
Wyo
min
g 7-
13-3
03
Aut
hori
zes
cour
t to
ord
er p
rese
nten
ce r
epor
t pri
or t
o gr
anti
ng
prob
atio
n, s
uch
repo
rt to
inc
lude
the
crim
inal
rec
ord
of t
he d
efen
dant
.
R. C
r. P
roc.
33(
c)
Pro
vide
s th
at t
he p
roba
tion
ser
vice
sha
ll m
ake
a pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
pr
ior
to t
he g
rant
ing
of p
roba
tion
unl
ess
the
cour
t dir
ects
oth
erw
ise,
su
ch r
epor
t to
incl
ude
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
46
Tab
le 6
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 7
Sta
tute
s au
thor
lzln
g pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s th
at s
hall
or m
ay In
clud
e pr
ior
conv
lctlo
ns
(No&
: S
tate
s w
hich
do
not h
ave
stat
utes
aut
horiz
ing
prcb
entu
rrcr
rep
orts
that
sha
ll or
may
incl
ude p
rior
con
vict
ions
are
om
ittad
from
dw
tab
&.)
Sta
te
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
(Fed
eral
)
Ala
bam
a
Ala
ska
Ark
ansa
s
Cal
ifor
nia
Col
orad
o
Con
nect
icut
Del
awar
e
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a
Flo
rida
Gw
rgia
Haw
aii
Idah
o
Illi
nois
Cit
atio
n
18-3
552(
a)
Rul
es o
f C
r. P
roc.
, R.
32(c
)(2)
13
A-5
-5
Rul
es o
f C
rim
. Pro
c.,
R.
3(b)
12.5
5.02
5
R.
Cri
m.
Proc
. 32
(c)(
l)
5-4-
102
Pen.
Cod
e Ij
1203
(b)
Sup.
Ct.
Sen
tenc
ing
Rul
es,
R.
419
16-1
1-10
2(1)
54-9
1a
1 1-
433 1
Rul
es C
rim
. Pro
c. R
. 3
2
921.
231(
e), (i)
17-1
0-2
706.
601,
.6
02
19-2
515
38-1
005-
3-1,
2
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
(S
tafu
tory
prov
irio
ru a
re s
mun
a&cd
or
pa
rap
hrw
d)
Req
uire
s a
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt u
nder
Rul
e 32
(c) o
f th
e Fe
d. R
ules
of
Cri
m.
Proc
. be
fore
the
im
posi
tion
of
sent
ence
.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s to
con
tain
the
def
enda
nt's
pri
or c
rim
inal
hi
stor
y.
Req
uire
s a
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt p
rior
to
sent
enci
ng f
or a
fel
ony,
on
mot
ion
of e
ithe
r pa
rty.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
to
incl
ude
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al
and
juve
nile
rec
ord.
Req
uire
s co
urts
in f
elon
y ca
ses
and
othe
r en
umer
ated
cas
es to
obt
ain
a pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s to
inc
lude
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al
hist
ory.
Aut
hori
zes
cour
ts to
ord
er p
rese
nten
ce re
port
s.
Suc
h re
port
s sh
all
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's h
isto
ry o
f de
linq
uenc
y or
cri
min
alit
y.
Req
uire
s a
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt i
n ev
ery
felo
ny c
ase
in w
hich
the
defe
ndan
t is
elig
ible
for
pro
bati
on a
nd m
akes
suc
h re
port
s di
scre
tion
ary
in m
isde
mea
nor
case
s.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
to i
nclu
de a
sum
mar
y of
the
def
enda
nt's
cr
imin
al a
nd j
uven
ile
hist
ory.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
fel
ony
case
s, and a
utho
rize
s cou
rt t
o or
der
such
repo
rts
in m
isde
mea
nor
case
s. R
equi
res
such
repo
rts
to
incl
ude
the
defe
ndan
t's p
ast
crim
inal
reco
rd.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
fel
ony
case
s an
d m
akw
the
m
disc
reti
onar
y in
oth
er c
ases
. R
equi
res
such
rep
orts
to i
nclu
de th
e de
fend
ant's
cri
min
al h
isto
ry.
Giv
es c
ourt
s di
scre
tion
to o
rder
pre
sent
ence
rep
orts
, w
hich
sha
ll
cont
ain
an e
valu
atio
n of
the
def
enda
nt's
pri
or c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s un
less
the
def
enda
nt w
aive
s, w
ith t
he
cour
t's c
onse
nt, o
r th
e co
urt r
ids
a re
port
to b
e un
nece
ssar
y an
d se
ts
out r
easo
ns o
n th
e re
cord
. T
he r
epor
t is
requ
ired
to
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
fel
ony
case
s an
d m
akes
the
m
disc
reti
onar
y in
mis
dem
eano
r cas
es, s
uch
repo
rts
to i
nclu
de a
n ex
plan
atio
n of
the
def
enda
nt's
cri
min
al r
ecor
d, i
nclu
ding
his
ver
sion
an
d ex
plan
atio
n.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e he
arin
g in
fel
ony
case
s at
whi
ch t
he c
ourt
mus
t he
ar e
vide
nce
of t
he d
efen
dant
's p
rior
con
vict
ions
. R
equi
res
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
in f
elon
y ca
ses
or if
def
enda
nt is
und
er 2
2 ye
ars
of a
ge a
nd h
as a
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
n.
Rep
orts
are
dis
cret
iona
ry in
ot
her
case
s.
Rep
orts
mus
t co
ntai
n th
e de
fend
ant's
his
tory
of
deli
nque
ncy
or c
rim
inal
ity.
Req
uire
s a
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt in
cap
ital
cas
es, w
hich
mus
t in
clud
e ag
grav
atin
g an
d m
itig
atin
g ci
rcum
stan
ces,
incl
udin
g ev
iden
ce o
f th
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
reco
rd.
Req
uire
s pre
sent
ence
repo
rts
in f
elon
y ca
ses
and
mak
es t
hem
di
scre
tion
ary
in m
isde
mea
nor
case
s, s
uch
repo
rts
to i
nclu
de th
e de
fend
ant's
his
tory
of
deli
nque
ncy
or c
rim
inal
ity.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tab
le 7
Tabl
e 7 (
cont
.)
Sta
tute
s au
thor
lzln
g pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s th
at s
hall
or m
ay i
nclu
de p
rlor
con
vict
ions
(N
ou:
Stat
ea w
hich
do
not h
ave
stcrtu
rar
auth
oriZ
irrg
pres
ente
m r
epor
ff th
at s
hall
or m
cr)r
incl
wlc
pri
or c
orrv
ictw
m a
re o
mit
tedf
rom
th
tabl
e.)
Sta
te
Clt
atlo
n
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
(S
tatu
rory
prov
isio
ns m
e xu
wun
anza
d or
par
aph
rase
d)
Indi
ana
35-3
8-1-
8, -
9 R
equi
res
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
in f
elon
y ca
ses,
suc
h re
port
s to
con
tain
th
e de
fend
ant's
his
tory
of
delin
quen
cy o
r cr
imin
ality
.
Iow
a 90
1.2,
3
Aut
hori
zes
cour
ts to
ord
er p
rese
nten
ce re
port
s in
all
cas
es, w
hich
mus
t co
ntai
n th
e de
fend
ant's
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Kan
sas
21-4
604
Pre
sent
ence
rep
orts
are
dis
cret
iona
ry in
mis
dem
eano
r ca
ses
and
requ
ired
in
felo
ny c
ases
unl
ess
the
cour
t has
ade
quat
e in
form
atio
n.
Pre
sent
ence
rep
orts
mus
t in
clud
e th
e cr
imin
al re
cord
of
the
defe
ndan
t.
Ken
tuck
y 53
2.02
5 R
equi
res
pres
ente
nce
hear
ing
in d
eath
pen
alty
cas
es, a
t whi
ch t
he c
ourt
m
ust
hear
evi
denc
e of
agg
rava
ting
and
miti
gatin
g ci
rcum
stan
ces,
in
clud
ing
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ry.
532.
050
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
fel
ony
case
s, s
uch
repo
rts
to i
nclu
de
the
defe
ndan
t's h
isto
ry o
f de
linqu
ency
or
crim
inal
ity.
Lou
isia
na
Cod
e C
rim
. P
roc.
art
. R
esen
tenc
e re
port
s ar
e di
scre
tiona
ry w
ith t
he c
ourt
and
mus
t co
ntai
n 87
5 th
e de
fend
ant's
his
tory
of
delin
quen
cy o
r cr
imin
ality
.
Mai
ne
R.
Crir
n. P
roc.
32(
c)
Pre
sent
ence
rep
orts
are
dis
cret
iona
ry w
ith t
he c
ourt
, and
mus
t co
ntai
n th
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
rec
ord.
Mas
sach
uset
ts
276-
85
Req
uire
s pr
obat
ion
offi
cers
to m
ake
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
in f
elon
y ca
ses,
inc
ludi
ng i
nfor
mat
ion
rela
tive
to a
ll p
rior
cri
min
al
pros
ecut
ions
.
R. C
rim
. Pro
c. 2
8(d)
R
equi
res
prob
atio
n of
fice
r to
mak
e pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
all
cas
es
brou
ght
befo
re c
ourt
s, i
nclu
ding
inf
orm
atio
n ab
out p
rior
cri
min
al
pros
ecut
ions
or
juve
nile
com
plai
nts.
Min
neso
ta
609.
115
Pre
sent
ence
rep
orts
are
dis
cret
iona
ry a
nd m
ust
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's
crim
inal
rec
ord.
Mis
siss
ippi
47
-7-9
(3)(
a)
Pre
sent
ence
rep
orts
are
dis
cret
iona
ry in
fel
ony
case
s an
d m
ust
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Mis
sour
i 21
7.76
0 R
equi
res
the
boar
d of
pro
batio
n an
d pa
role
to
prep
are
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
in f
elon
y ca
ses
and
clas
s A
mis
dem
eano
r cas
es.
Suc
h re
port
s m
ust
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al r
ecor
d.
549.
37
Req
uire
s th
e bo
ard
of p
roba
tion
and
paro
le t
o m
ake
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
at th
e re
ques
t of
a ci
rcui
t cou
rt, s
uch
repo
rts
to i
nclu
de th
e de
fend
ant's
pr
ior
crim
inal
rec
ord.
Mon
tana
46
-18-
111,
-11
2 R
equi
res
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
for
enum
erat
ed s
erio
us o
ffen
ses
and
mak
es t
hem
dis
cret
iona
ry in
oth
er c
ases
. P
rese
nten
ce re
port
s m
ust
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's c
rim
inal
rec
ord.
Neb
rask
a 29
-226
1(3)
R
esen
tenc
e re
port
s ar
e re
quir
ed in
fel
ony
case
s, u
nles
s im
prac
tical
, an
d ar
e di
scre
tiona
ry i
n ot
her
case
s.
Suc
h re
port
s m
ust
incl
ude
the
defe
ndan
t's h
isto
ry o
f de
linqu
ency
or
crim
inal
ity.
Nev
ada
176.
145(
1)
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
requ
ired
in
felo
ny c
ases
, unl
ess
a re
cent
one
ex
ists
, and
are
dis
cret
iona
ry in
oth
er c
ases
. S
uch
repo
rts
mus
t in
clud
e th
e de
fend
ant's
pri
or c
rim
inal
rec
ord.
New
Jer
sey
2C:4
4-6
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
requ
ired
whe
n sp
ecif
ied
by r
ules
of
cour
t and
di
scre
tiona
ry in
oth
er c
ases
. R
epor
ts m
ust
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's
hist
ory
of d
elin
quen
cy o
r cr
imin
ality
.
New
Yor
k C
r. P
roc.
Law
Q 3
90.1
0 R
equi
res
the
cour
t to
obt
ain
a fi
ngex
prin
t-ba
sed
crim
inal
his
tory
rep
ort
prio
r to
sen
tenc
ing
in f
elon
y ca
ses
and
othe
r de
sign
ated
cas
es.
48
Tabl
e 7
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng t
he U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Tabl
e 7 (
cont
.)S
tatu
tes
auth
oriz
ing
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
that
sha
il or
may
incl
ude
prio
r co
nvlc
tions
(N
ote:
Sta
tes
whi
ch d
o M
I ha
ve s
tatu
tes
auth
oriz
ing
prcs
ante
nce
repo
rts t
hat s
hall
or m
ay i
nclu
de p
rior
con
vict
io~
s are o
mit
tadf
rom
the t
ab*.
.)
Sta
te
New
Yor
k (c
ont.)
Nor
th C
arol
ina
Nor
th D
akot
a
Ohi
o
Okl
ahom
a
Pen
nsyl
vani
a
Puer
to R
ico
Rho
de I
slan
d
Sou
th C
arol
ina
Sout
h D
akot
a
Ten
ness
ee
Tex
as
Uta
h
Cit
atio
n
Cr.
Roc
. L
aw fi
390
.20
Cr.
Pro
c. L
aw $
390
.30
15A
-133
2
R.
Cri
m. R
oc.
32(d
)
295
1.03
R.
Cri
m P
roc.
32.
2
22-9
82
57-5
19
42-9
731.
97
32
42-9
737
33-3
283
12-1
9-6
24-2
1-4
20
23A
-27-
5
23A
-27-
6
40-3
5-20
5
40-3
5-20
7
Cod
e C
rim
. Pro
c.
art.4
2.12
fi 9
(a)
76-3
-404
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
pro
visi
ons
are
swm
wiz
ed o
r par
aph
rase
d)
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
fel
ony
case
s an
d in
mis
dem
eano
r ca
ses
if th
e de
fend
ant c
an r
ecei
ve p
roba
tion
or a
sen
tenc
e of
mor
e th
an 9
0 da
ys.
Rep
orts
are
dis
cret
iona
ry in
oth
er c
ases
.
Pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
mus
t co
ntai
n th
e de
fend
ant's
his
tory
of
deli
nque
ncy
or c
rim
inal
ity.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
disc
reti
onar
y. T
hey
mus
t co
ntai
n in
form
atio
n co
ncer
ning
the
defe
ndan
t's p
revi
ous
deli
nque
ncy
or c
rim
inal
reco
rd.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
disc
retio
nary
with
the
cou
rt.
The
rep
ort m
ay
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
with
inf
orm
atio
n ab
out
defe
ndan
t's
crim
inal
reco
rd, b
efor
e gr
anti
ng p
roba
tion
in
felo
ny c
ases
.
Cou
rts
mus
t ord
er p
rese
nten
ce r
epor
t in
felo
ny c
ases
and
may
ord
er
such
rep
ort i
n m
isde
mea
nor
case
s. T
he r
epor
t sha
ll s
tate
the
defe
ndan
t's p
rior
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
non
-cap
ital
fel
ony
case
s, u
nles
s w
aive
d by
bot
h pa
rtie
s.
The
rep
ort m
ust c
onta
in th
e de
fend
ant's
cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Aut
hori
zes
cour
ts to
req
uire
the
Div
isio
n of
Pro
batio
n an
d P
arol
e to
pr
epar
e pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
non
-cap
ital
fel
ony
case
s, w
hich
sha
ll
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's c
rim
inal
reco
rd.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
fel
ony
case
s, u
nles
s th
e se
nten
ce is
de
ath
or a
man
dato
ry li
fe te
rm,
if no
t wai
ved
by the c
ourt
. T
he re
port
s m
ust
cont
ain
the
defe
ndan
t's h
isto
ry o
f de
linq
uenc
y or
cri
min
alit
y.
Req
uire
s se
nten
cing
cou
rts
to b
e in
form
ed a
s to
the
sta
tus
of a
ll cr
imin
al c
harg
es p
endi
ng a
gain
st th
e de
fend
ant
and
whe
ther
the
de
fend
ant
is o
n pr
obat
ion
or p
arol
e.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
man
dato
ry i
n fe
lony
cas
es a
nd d
iscr
etio
nary
in
mis
dem
eano
r cas
es.
Mus
t con
tain
the
com
plet
e re
cord
of
the
defe
ndan
t.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
fel
ony
case
s an
d re
quir
es a
ll p
olic
e ag
enci
es t
o fu
rnis
h cr
imin
al re
cord
inf
orm
atio
n fo
r th
e re
port
.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
disc
retio
nary
with
the
cou
rt a
nd m
ust
cont
ain
info
rmat
ion
abou
t th
e de
fend
ant's
cri
min
al re
cord
.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s un
less
the
def
enda
nt w
aive
s, w
ith t
he
cour
t's c
onse
nt. o
r th
e co
urt f
inds
the
repo
rt to
be
unne
cess
ary.
The
pre
sent
ence
repo
rt s
hall
con
tain
the
def
enda
nt's
pri
or c
rim
inal
re
cord
.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
requ
ired
in f
elon
y ca
ses
and
disc
retio
nary
in
othe
r ca
ses.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
mus
t co
ntai
n th
e de
fend
ant's
rec
ord
of p
rior
co
nvic
tion
s.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s in
all
cas
es u
nles
s th
e de
fend
ant w
aive
s.
with
the
cou
rt's
con
sent
, or
the
cou
rt F
ids
a re
port
to b
e un
nece
ssar
y.
The
rep
ort
mus
t co
ntai
n th
e de
fend
ant's
cri
min
al h
isto
ry.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rts
are
disc
reti
onar
y w
ith t
he c
ourt
in
felo
ny c
ases
. T
he r
epor
ts m
ust
cont
ain
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
def
enda
nt's
pri
or
crim
inal
or
delin
quen
cy r
ecor
ds.
.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
7
49
Sta
tute
s au
thor
lzln
g pr
esen
tenc
e I1
or m
ay In
clud
e pr
ior c
onvl
ctlo
ns
moy
irc
cl~p
rior
cou
vicr
iont
are
om
ir&
dfm
m t
he t
ub
&.)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
50
Tab
le 7
Stat
utes
Req
uirin
g th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Par
t Ill
: C
orre
ctio
nal C
lass
ifica
tions
t A
s in
the
case
of
sent
enci
ng, i
t can
be
ass
umed
that
cor
rect
iona
l off
icia
ls
may
(an
d do
, whe
n th
e in
form
atio
n is
av
aila
ble)
pro
perly
con
side
r an
inm
ate'
s pr
ior
crim
inal
his
tory
in
mak
ing
clas
sifi
catio
n de
cisi
ons
for
secu
rity
and
prog
ram
ass
ignm
ent
purp
oses
, eve
n in
the
abse
nce
of
spec
ific
lega
l aut
hori
ty.
Tab
le 8
list
s St
ate
stat
utor
y pr
ovis
ions
that
sp
ecifi
cally
requ
ire o
r aut
horiz
e co
rrec
tiona
l off
icia
ls to
con
side
r suc
h in
form
atio
n an
d, in
som
e ca
ses,
pr
ovid
e fo
r mak
ing
the
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e.
Flor
ida'
s la
w is
a g
ood
exam
ple.
It
prov
ides
that
as
soon
as
poss
ible
af
ter a
pris
oner
has
bee
n co
mm
itted
to
the
cust
ody
of t
he D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
, the
clas
sifi
catio
n bo
ard
shal
l pre
pare
a c
lass
ific
atio
n su
mm
ary
whi
ch s
hall
incl
ude
"the
cri
min
al,
pers
onal
, soc
ial a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal
back
grou
nd a
nd o
ther
rele
vant
fact
ors
cons
ider
ed in
cla
ssif
ying
the
pris
oner
fo
r a p
enal
env
iron
men
t bes
t sui
ted
for h
is ra
pid
reha
bilit
atio
n."
To
faci
litat
e pr
epar
atio
n of
thi
s su
mm
ary,
ano
ther
sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
re
quire
s tha
t the
off
icer
del
iver
ing
the
pris
oner
to th
e D
epar
tmen
t sha
ll al
so
deliv
er, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs, "
any
avai
labl
e pr
esen
tenc
e in
vest
igat
ion
repo
rts."
Ala
ska
law
dir
ects
the
com
mis
sion
er o
f pu
blic
saf
ety
to
esta
blis
h pr
ogra
ms
to p
rovi
de f
or th
e se
curit
y an
d re
habi
litat
ion
of
pris
oner
s and
to a
ssig
n pr
ison
ers
to
such
pro
gram
s ba
sed
on, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs, "
the
reco
rd o
f co
nvic
tions
of
the
pris
oner
."
Ark
ansa
s la
w d
irec
ts
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f C
orre
ctio
ns to
es
tabl
ish
a sy
stem
for
cla
ssif
ying
pr
ison
ers "
acco
rdin
g to
dep
ortm
ent,"
an
d to
con
side
r in
impl
emen
ting
such
cl
assi
fica
tion
syst
em, t
he p
riso
ner's
"r
ecor
d pr
ior
to c
omm
itmen
t to
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f C
orre
ctio
ns."
Cal
iforn
ia la
w re
quire
s th
e D
irect
or
of C
orre
ctio
ns to
cla
ssif
y pr
ison
ers
for i
nstit
utio
nal a
ssig
nmen
t pur
pose
s ba
sed
upon
exa
min
atio
n an
d st
udy
of
allpe
rtin
ent c
ircum
stan
ces o
f th
e pe
rson
's lif
e, in
clud
ing
"the
an
tece
dent
s of
the
vio
latio
n of
law
be
caus
e of
whi
ch h
e or
she
has
bee
n co
mm
itted
to p
rison
."
Mis
siss
ippi
la
w r
equi
res the
corr
ectio
nal
clas
sifi
catio
n co
mm
ittee
to c
onsi
der,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs, "
the
com
plet
e re
cord
of
the
offe
nder
's cr
imin
al
hist
ory.
" N
evad
a la
w r
equi
res
corr
ectio
nal a
utho
ritie
s to
keep
a
reco
rd o
f ea
ch in
mat
e w
hich
sha
ll in
clud
e "the o
ffen
der's
rec
ord
of
conv
ictio
ns."
Neb
rask
a ha
s a
sim
ilar
prov
isio
n re
quiri
ng c
orre
ctio
nal
auth
oriti
es to
mai
ntai
n in
mat
e fi
les
whi
ch m
ust i
nclu
de p
rior c
rim
inal
re
cord
s.
Oth
er S
tate
s hav
e sp
ecifi
cally
pr
ovid
ed fo
r mak
ing
crim
inal
his
tory
records
avai
labl
e to
cor
rect
iona
l of
fici
als.
For
exa
mpl
e, W
est
Virg
inia
has
a s
tatu
tory
pro
visi
on
requ
iring
that
a c
opy
of a
n of
fend
er's
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt (w
hich
mus
t in
clud
e cr
imin
al h
isto
ry in
form
atio
n)
mus
t be
mad
e av
aila
ble
to th
e D
epar
tmen
t of C
orre
ctio
ns to
geth
er
with
a c
opy
of a
ny in
form
atio
n or
ot
her d
ocum
ent c
harg
ing
prio
r co
nvic
tions
for s
ente
nce
enha
ncem
ent
purp
oses
. W
yom
ing
has
a pr
ovis
ion
requ
iring
the
forw
ardi
ng o
f pr
esen
tenc
e rep
orts
to c
orre
ctio
nal
inst
itutio
ns an
d re
quir
ing
the
Div
isio
n of
Crim
inal
Ide
ntif
icat
ion
to
mak
e cr
imin
al h
isto
ry re
cord
in
form
atio
n av
aila
ble
to s
uch
offi
cial
s. L
aws
in b
oth
Mas
sach
uset
ts an
d M
isso
uri r
equi
re
the
pros
ecut
ing
atto
rney
to f
urni
sh
crim
inal
his
tory
reco
rd in
form
atio
n on
sen
tenc
ed in
divi
dual
s to
the
Dep
artm
ents
of
Cor
rect
ions
.
As
note
d ea
rlie
r, it
is li
kely
that
ev
en in
tho
se S
tate
s tha
t hav
e no
t en-
ac
ted
spec
ific
stat
utor
y au
thor
ity, c
or-
rect
iona
l off
icia
ls u
se a
vaila
ble
in-
form
atio
n co
ncer
ning
inm
ates
' prio
r cr
imin
al re
cord
s in
mak
ing
corr
ec-
tiona
l cla
ssif
icat
ion
dete
rmin
atio
ns.
Stat
e la
w c
omm
only
giv
es b
road
au-
th
ority
to D
epar
tmen
ts o
f C
orre
ctio
ns
rega
rdin
g th
e cl
assi
ficat
ion
and
as-
sign
men
t of p
rison
ers
and
auth
oriz
es
them
to
cons
ider
all
rele
vant
info
rma-
tio
n in
per
form
ing
thei
r du
ties.
In
this
rega
rd, p
rese
nten
ce re
pats
are
of
ten
prep
ared
by
paro
le o
ffic
ials
and
ar
e m
ade
avai
labl
e for
cor
rect
iona
l pu
rpos
es a
s w
ell a
s fo
r sen
tenc
ing
purp
oses
, und
er d
epar
tmen
tal r
ules
if
not b
y ex
pres
s st
atut
ory
auth
ority
.
Stat
ures
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
I
Tabl
e 8
S
tatu
tes
auth
orlz
ing
cons
ider
atio
n of
cri
min
al h
isto
ry in
co
rrec
tiona
i cla
ssifi
catio
n an
d su
perv
isio
n
(Not
e: S
tate
s whi
ch d
o no
t hav
e st
atut
es a
utho
rizi
ng c
onri
drm
hbn
of c
rim
inal
his
tory
in c
orre
ctw
nal c
larj
fiat
wn
and
supe
rvis
ion orc
omitt
edfr
om th
e table.)
Sta
te
Cita
tion
Ala
bam
a 15
-22-
25
Ala
ska
33.3
0.09
1
Ari
zona
13
-701
Ark
ansa
s 12
-27-
1 13(
e)
12-2
9-10
1
Cal
ifor
nia
Pen.
Cod
e 4
5068
Flo
rida
92
1.2
0
944.
17(5
)
944.
1905
Geo
rgia
42
-8-2
91
Haw
aii
353-
7
Idah
o 20
-224
Illi
no
is
38-1
003-
8- 1
Indi
ana
35-3
8-3-
5
Iow
a 90
1.4
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
pmvi
sion
r are
sw
~~
~u
'sc
dor
para
phrm
ed.)
Req
uire
s th
at t
he b
oard
of
pard
ons
and
paro
les
shal
l mak
e a
com
plet
e in
vest
igat
ion
of e
ach
new
ly r
ecei
ved
pris
oner
and
com
pile
a r
epor
t th
at m
ust
incl
ude
the
pris
oner
's c
rim
inal
rec
ord.
Req
uire
s co
mm
issi
oner
of
publ
ic s
afet
y to
ass
ign
pris
oner
s to
pr
ogra
ms
base
d up
on,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs, t
he p
riso
ner's
rec
ord
of
conv
icti
ons,
wit
h pa
rtic
ular
em
phas
is o
n co
nvic
tion
s fo
r se
x cr
imes
.
Prov
ides
tha
t th
e pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
, w
hich
inc
lude
s th
e of
fend
er's
cr
imin
al h
isto
ry, m
ust
be f
orw
arde
d to
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f C
orre
ctio
ns.
Req
uire
s th
e di
rect
or o
f th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to c
ompi
le a
co
mpl
ete
reco
rd o
n ea
ch i
nmat
e in
clud
ing
tria
l, co
nvic
tion
and
pas
t hi
stor
y.
Req
uire
s th
e di
rect
or o
f th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to e
stab
lish
a
syst
em f
or c
lass
ifyi
ng p
riso
ners
acc
ordi
ng t
o de
port
men
t, ta
king
int
o co
nsid
erat
ion
thei
r re
cord
s pr
ior
to c
omm
itm
ent.
Req
uire
s th
e D
irec
tor o
f C
orre
ctio
ns to
cla
ssif
y a
pris
oner
for
pro
gram
as
sign
men
t bas
ed u
pon all
pert
inen
t ci
rcum
stan
ces
incl
udin
g "t
he
ante
cede
nts
of t
he v
iola
tion
of
law
bec
ause
of
whi
ch h
e or
she
has
bee
n co
mm
itte
d."
Req
uire
s th
e cl
assi
fica
tion
boa
rd t
o co
mpi
le a
cla
ssif
icat
ion
sum
mar
y fo
r ea
ch p
riso
ner,
inc
ludi
ng "
crim
inal
per
sona
l, so
cial
and
en
viro
nmen
tal
back
grou
nd."
Req
uire
s th
e sh
erif
f or
oth
er o
ffic
er d
eliv
erin
g an
off
ende
r to
the
D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to d
eliv
er a
ny a
vail
able
pre
sent
ence
re
port
s.
Req
uire
s th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to c
lass
ify
inm
ates
pur
suan
t to
an
obj
ecti
ve c
lass
ific
atio
n sc
hem
e th
at t
akes
int
o co
nsid
erat
ion
the
inm
ate'
s ve
rifi
ed h
isto
ry i
nvol
ving
int
enti
onal
vio
lenc
e.
Req
uire
s th
at p
rese
nten
ce re
port
s (i
nclu
ding
Sta
te a
nd F
BI
crim
inal
hi
stor
y sh
eets
) sh
all b
e de
live
red
wit
h ea
ch o
ffen
der
to t
he D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
and
the
Boa
rd o
f P
ardo
ns a
nd P
arol
es.
Aut
hori
zes
esta
blis
hmen
t of
a hi
gh s
ecur
ity
corr
ecti
onal
fac
ilit
y fo
r hi
gh r
isk
inm
ates
, in
clud
ing
reci
divi
sts.
Req
uire
s th
e B
oard
of
Cor
rect
ions
to e
stab
lish
a r
ecor
d on
eac
h in
mat
e.
incl
udin
g th
e in
mat
e's
prev
ious
cri
min
al r
ecor
d.
Req
uire
s th
e sh
erif
f de
liver
ing
a pr
ison
er to
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f C
orre
ctio
ns to
del
iver
the
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt w
hich
mus
t in
clud
e th
e in
mat
e's
crim
inal
his
tory
.
Req
uire
s cl
assi
fica
tion
of
new
inm
ates
as
to d
egre
e of
sec
urit
y an
d ca
ndid
acy
for
hom
e de
tent
ion
base
d up
on,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
prio
r cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
s, w
ith
crim
inal
his
tory
rec
ords
, to
be
deli
vere
d to
the
Dep
artm
ent
of C
orre
ctio
ns w
ith i
nmat
es.
52
Tab
le 8
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 8 (
cont
.)
Sta
tute
s au
thor
izin
g co
nsid
erat
ion
of c
rlm
inal
his
tory
in
corr
ectio
nal c
lass
ifica
tion
and
supe
rvis
ion
(N
ote:
Sta
tes
whi
ch &
not h
ave
stat
utes
auf
hori
zing
con
side
ratio
n of
cri
mi~
lhisto
y in
co
rre
cti
o~
l chs$
i1ca
tion and
supe
rvir
ion
are
omitt
sdfr
om t
he ta
ble.
)
Sta
te
Cit
atio
n
Lou
isia
na
Cod
e C
rii.
Pro
c. a
rt.
875,
8
76
Mar
ylan
d 27
-691
Mas
sach
uset
ts
127-
2
127-
27
Mic
higa
n 79
1.26
4
Mis
siss
ippi
47
-5-1
03
Mis
sour
i 21
7.30
5
217.
345
Neb
rask
a 83
-178
(1)(
d),
(2)
Nev
ada
209.
35 1
(2)(
d)
209.
48 1
New
Jer
sey
30:4
-141
30:4
-147
New
Yor
k C
r. P
roc.
Law
$39
0.60
Ohi
o 29
29.2
21
Rho
de I
slan
d 12
-19-
2
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
isio
ns cue
sum
mar
ized
orp
mqp
lvns
sd)
Req
uire
s a
pres
ente
nce
repo
rt (
whi
ch in
clud
es o
ffen
der's
pre
viou
s cr
imin
al re
cord
) to
be
sent
to t
he d
ivis
ion
of p
roba
tion
and
paro
le if
th
e of
fend
er is
com
mitt
ed.
If an
off
ende
r is
com
mitt
ed a
nd n
o pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
has
bee
n co
mpi
led,
the
divi
sion
mus
t co
mpi
le o
ne
with
in 6
0 da
ys.
Req
uire
s th
e D
ivis
ion
of C
orre
ctio
n to
com
pile
a c
ase
reco
rd f
or e
ach
inm
ate
incl
udin
g pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
rec
ord
and
to c
lass
ify
inm
ates
to
trai
ning
, tr
eatm
ent o
r em
ploy
men
t pro
gram
s on
the
basi
s of
suc
h ca
se
reco
rd.
Req
uire
s th
e su
peri
nten
dent
s of
cor
rect
iona
l in
stitu
tions
to k
eep
full
and
accu
rate
reco
rds
on i
nmat
es a
nd g
ives
suc
h su
peri
nten
dent
s acc
ess
to t
he S
tate
cri
min
al re
cord
rep
osito
ry f
or s
uch
purp
oses
.
Req
uire
s th
e pr
osec
utor
of
co
htt
ed
off
ende
rs to
for
war
d th
eir
crim
inal
his
tory
rec
ords
to t
he D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
. R
equi
res
the
bure
au o
f pe
nal
inst
itutio
ns to
cla
ssif
y pr
ison
ers
on t
he
basi
s of
file
s es
tabl
ishe
d by
cla
ssif
icat
ion
com
mitt
ees
and
requ
ires
cl
erks
of
cour
t and
pro
batio
n of
fice
rs to
mak
e cr
imin
al re
cord
s av
aila
ble
to t
he c
lass
ific
atio
n co
mm
ittee
s.
Req
uire
s cl
assi
fica
tion
com
mitt
ee to
con
side
r an
inm
ate'
s cr
imin
al a
nd
juve
nile
his
tory
in
dete
rmin
ing
wor
k du
ties,
liv
ing
quar
ters
, re
habi
litat
ion
prog
ram
s an
d pr
ivile
ges.
Req
uire
s sh
erif
f de
liver
ing
a pr
ison
er to
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f C
orre
ctio
ns
to d
eliv
er p
riso
ner's
pre
viou
s cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Req
uire
s th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to e
stab
lish
trea
tmen
t pr
ogra
ms
for
Fis
t of
fend
ers.
Req
uire
s th
e ch
ief
exec
utiv
e of
fice
r of
eac
h co
rrec
tiona
l fac
ility
to
esta
blis
h fi
les
for
inm
ates
to
be u
sed
for
clas
sifi
catio
n, tr
ansf
er, p
arol
e an
d ot
her p
urpo
ses.
E
ach
such
file
mus
t con
tain
the
inm
ate'
s cr
imin
al
hist
ory
reco
rd.
Req
uire
s th
e di
rect
or o
f th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to e
stab
lish
a sy
stem
of
clas
sifi
catio
n, b
ased
upo
n, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
the
Iin
mat
e's
reco
rd o
f co
nvic
tions
.
Mak
es e
ligib
ility
for
ass
ignm
ent t
o ho
nor
cam
p de
pend
ent u
pon,
am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, pa
st c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Req
uire
s th
e bo
ard
of m
anag
ers
to o
btai
n an
d re
cord
info
rmat
ion
abou
t ea
ch i
nmat
e's
"pas
t lif
e,"
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs.
Aut
hori
zes i
nmat
es b
etw
een
the
ages
of
15 a
nd 3
0 to
be
com
mitt
ed to
th
e yo
uth
corr
ectio
nal c
ompl
ex if
the
y ha
ve n
ot p
revi
ousl
y be
en
sent
ence
d to
pri
son.
Req
uire
s co
pies
of
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
(whi
ch in
clud
e cr
imin
al
hist
orie
s) to
be
deliv
ered
with
off
ende
rs c
omm
itted
to t
erm
s of
im
pris
onm
ent.
Prov
ides
tha
t a p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
of a
thir
d or
fou
rth
degr
ee f
elon
y m
ay
serv
e th
e te
rm o
f im
pris
onm
ent i
n a
coun
ty ja
il if
off
ende
r has
no
prio
r,
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n.
Prov
ides
that
cer
tain
fir
st o
ffen
ders
may
be
sent
ence
d to
wor
k re
leas
e at
a m
inim
um s
ecur
ity f
acili
ty.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
8
53
i
Tabl
e 8 (
cont
.)S
tatu
tes
auth
orlz
lng
cons
lder
atlo
n of
crl
mln
al h
lsto
ry In
co
rrec
tiona
l cla
ssifl
catio
n an
d su
perv
isio
n
(Not
.: S
tatc
s w
hich
do
not h
ave
stat
ute
x au
thor
izin
g co
mid
emri
on o
f cri
min
al h
isto
ry in
co
wec
tio
~lcl
orsi
f~at
ionan
d su
perv
irio
n ar
c om
itte
dfro
m th
e table.)
Sta
te
Rho
de I
slan
d (c
ont.)
Sou
th C
arol
ina
Tex
as
Uta
h
Was
hing
ton
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
Wis
cons
in
Wyo
min
g
Clta
t Ion
42-5
6-20
.2
24-1
3-71
0
Gov
t. C
ode
$ 49
7.00
2
76-3
-404
9.94
A.1
10
62-1
2-7,
7a
972.
15(5
)
7-13
-104
7-13
-303
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
slon
(S
tatu
tory
pro
viri
om m
e su
mm
ariz
ed o
r paraphrased)
Proh
ibits
eli
gibi
lity
for
com
mun
ity
conf
inem
ent
if co
nvic
ted
or
prev
ious
ly c
onvi
cted
of
cert
ain
enum
erat
ed c
rim
es.
Mak
es e
ligi
bili
ty f
or s
uper
vise
d fu
rlou
gh d
epen
dent
on,
am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
con
vict
ions
and
sen
tenc
es.
Req
uire
s th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to c
lass
ify
inm
ates
on
the
basi
s of
, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, cr
imin
al h
isto
ries
.
Req
uire
s th
e D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
to c
ondu
ct p
rese
nten
ce
inve
stig
atio
ns a
nd p
repa
re r
epor
ts t
hat
mus
t in
clud
e cr
imin
al
hist
orie
s.
Req
uire
s th
at p
rese
nten
ce r
epor
ts,
whi
ch i
nclu
de c
rim
inal
his
tory
in
form
atio
n, m
ust
acco
mpa
ny o
ffen
ders
com
mit
ted
to t
he D
epar
tmen
t of
C
orre
ctio
ns.
Req
uire
s th
at p
rese
nten
ce re
port
s, w
hich
inc
lude
inf
orm
atio
n on
of
fend
ers'
crim
inal
his
tori
es,
be d
eliv
ered
to t
he D
epar
tmen
t of
Cor
rect
ions
.
Prov
ides
that
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f C
orre
ctio
ns m
ay u
se p
rese
nten
ce
repo
rts,
whi
ch i
nclu
de c
rim
inal
his
tory
inf
orm
atio
n, f
or c
orre
ctio
nal
clas
sifi
cati
on a
nd p
arol
e pu
rpos
es.
Req
uire
s th
e S
tate
boa
rd o
f pa
role
to
keep
com
plet
e re
cord
s on
all
pr
ison
ers
and
requ
ires
the
Sta
te c
rim
inal
reco
rd r
epos
itory
to
mak
e re
cord
s av
aila
ble
for
that
pur
pose
.
Req
uire
s th
e pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
, w
hich
inc
lude
s cr
imin
al h
isto
ry r
ecor
d in
form
atio
n, t
o be
for
war
ded
to t
he p
enal
ins
titu
tion
with
com
mit
ted
offe
nder
s.
54
Tab
le 8
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Par
t IV
: P
aro
le E
ligib
ility
Tab
le 9
list
s St
ate
law
s an
d co
nstit
utio
nal p
rovi
sion
s th
at re
quir
e or
per
mit
cons
ider
atio
n of
an
inm
ate'
s pr
ior
crim
inal
his
tory
reco
rd in
de
term
inat
ions
rega
rdin
g re
leas
e on
pa
role
. It
can
be
assu
med
that
prio
r co
nvic
tions
wou
ld p
lay
an im
port
ant
part
in a
par
ole
deci
sion
in a
ny S
tate
, ev
en in
the
abse
nce
of a
n ex
pres
s st
atut
ory
prov
isio
n. A
s is
the
case
w
ith a
ll of
the
tabl
es in
thi
s re
port
, all o
f the
sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
s lis
ted
in T
able
9 e
xpre
ssly
ref
er to
cri
min
al
hist
ory
reco
rd in
form
atio
n. T
he la
ws
spec
ifica
lly a
utho
rize
paro
le b
oard
s or
ot
her c
orre
ctio
nal o
ffic
ials
to c
onsi
der
prio
r cr
imin
al re
cord
s in
mak
ing
rele
ase
deci
sion
s or m
ake
paro
le
elig
ibili
ty d
epen
dent
upo
n th
e in
mat
e's
prio
r cr
imin
al re
cord
. A
s no
ted
in th
e ea
rlie
r ana
lysi
s of
sent
enci
ng st
atut
es, n
umer
ous
Stat
es
have
refo
rmed
thei
r se
nten
cing
ap
proa
ches
in r
ecen
t yea
rs to
pro
vide
fo
r det
erm
inat
e se
nten
cing
pur
suan
t to
sent
enci
ng g
uide
lines
or m
anda
tory
se
nten
cing
str
uctu
res.
Und
er th
is
appr
oach
, the
off
ende
r ser
ves t
he
sent
ence
impo
sed,
less
goo
d tim
e cr
edits
: rel
ease
on
paro
le p
rior
to th
e ex
pira
tion
of t
he s
ente
nce
is n
o lo
nger
pro
vide
d. F
or e
xam
ple,
par
ole
was
abo
lishe
d in
the
Fede
ral p
enal
sy
stem
eff
ectiv
e Nov
embe
r 1,
1986
, co
ncur
rent
with
the
inst
itutio
n of
the
Fe
dera
l Sen
tenc
ing
Gui
delin
es.
Seve
ral S
tate
s als
o ha
ve a
bolis
hed
paro
le fo
r sen
tenc
es i-
:pos
ed a
fter
the
effe
ctiv
e dat
e of
new
det
erm
inat
e se
nten
cing
str
uctu
res.
In
Was
hing
ton,
for e
xam
ple,
par
ole
has
been
abo
lishe
d fo
r sen
tenc
es im
pose
d af
ter J
uly
1, 1
984.
In
New
Mex
ico,
pa
role
rem
ains
app
licab
le o
nly
to li
fe
sent
ence
s, a
nd th
e pa
role
boa
rd is
re
quire
d to
con
side
r the
inm
ate'
s pr
ior
crim
inal
reco
rd in
mak
ing
its re
leas
e de
cisi
on.
Paro
le h
as b
een
abol
ishe
d in
Min
neso
ta in
fav
or o
f de
term
inat
e se
nten
cing
und
er s
ente
ncin
g gu
idel
ines
. In
Flo
rida
, par
ole
is u
nder
le
gisl
ativ
e re
view
as a
resu
lt of
the
im
plem
enta
tion
of s
ente
ncin
g gu
idel
ines
. T
he p
rese
nt p
arol
e st
atut
e ha
s be
en r
epea
led
effe
ctiv
e O
ctob
er 1
, 19
9 1.
Pres
ently
, per
sons
sen
tenc
ed
outs
ide
the
sent
enci
ng g
uide
lines
are
el
igib
le fo
r par
ole
purs
uant
to p
arol
e cr
iteria
"de
sign
ed t
o gi
ve primary
wei
ght t
o th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
offe
nder
's pr
esen
t crim
inal
off
ense
and
his
past
crim
inal
reco
rd."
Not
all
Stat
es th
at h
ave
refo
rmed
th
eir
sent
enci
ng st
ruct
ures
hav
e ab
olis
hed
paro
le.
For e
xam
ple,
T
enne
ssee
's ne
w s
ente
ncin
g st
ruct
ure,
w
hich
bas
es s
ente
nce l
engt
hs o
n th
e se
verit
y of
the
crim
e an
d cl
assi
ficat
ion
of t
he o
ffen
der a
s a
miti
gate
d, st
anda
rd, m
ultip
le,
pers
iste
nt o
r car
eer o
ffen
der (
base
d on
th
e nu
mbe
r an
d se
rious
ness
of
prio
r of
fens
es),
also
bas
es p
arol
e el
igib
ility
st
atus
on
offe
nder
cla
ssif
icat
ion.
In
addi
tion,
the
new
law
pro
vide
s th
at a
pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
mus
t be
prep
ared
an
d m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
paro
le b
oard
fo
r eac
h of
fend
er se
nten
ced
to
inca
rcer
atio
n fo
r one
yea
r or
mor
e.
In m
any
of t
he S
tate
s th
at h
ave
reta
ined
par
ole,
sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
s m
ake
rele
ase
elig
ibili
ty d
epen
dent
at
leas
t in
part
upon
whe
ther
the
offe
nder
has
prio
r crim
inal
off
ense
s.
For
exam
ple,
in V
irgi
nia,
a f
irst
-tim
e fe
lon
is e
ligib
le fo
r par
ole
afte
r se
rvin
g on
e-qu
arte
r of t
he s
ente
nce
impo
sed
or tw
elve
yea
rs, w
hich
ever
is
shor
ter,
a se
cond
-tim
e fe
lon
is
elig
ible
aft
er se
rvin
g on
e-th
ird o
f th
e te
rm o
r th
irtee
n ye
ars,
whi
chev
er is
sh
orte
r, a
thir
d-tim
e fe
lon
is e
ligib
le
afte
r ser
ving
one
-hal
f of
the term o
r fo
urte
en y
ears
, whi
chev
er is
sho
rter;
and
a p
emn
con
vict
ed o
f fo
ur o
r m
ore
felo
nies
mus
t ser
ve th
ree-
fo
urth
s of
the
term
impo
sed
or fi
ftee
n ye
ars,
whi
chev
er is
sho
rter
, bef
ore
beco
min
g el
igib
le fo
r par
ole.
Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia's
stat
ute r
equi
res
the
paro
le b
oard
to c
onsi
der,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs, t
he n
atur
e an
d ch
arac
ter o
f th
e of
fens
e com
mitt
ed a
nd th
e ch
arac
ter
and
hist
ory
of t
he p
rison
er.
In t
his
rega
rd, t
he b
oard
is re
quire
d to
in
vest
igat
e eac
h pe
rson
com
mitt
ed to
pr
ison
who
is
elig
ible
for p
arol
e an
d to
obt
ain,
am
ong
othe
r thi
ngs,
"th
e co
mpl
ete
crim
inal
reco
rd, a
s fa
r as
the
sam
e m
ay b
e kn
own.
" N
evad
a la
w re
quire
s the
par
ole
boar
d to
est
ablis
h an
d en
forc
e pa
role
re
leas
e st
anda
rds d
esig
ned
in part
to
"lim
it th
e re
leas
e of
per
sons
with
a
hist
ory
of r
epet
itive
crim
inal
co
nduc
t" A
rizon
a la
w m
akes
the
rate
at
whi
ch g
ood
time
cred
its a
re e
arne
d de
pend
ent u
pon
the
exis
tenc
e and
na
ture
of
prio
r co
nvic
tions
. O
ther
pr
ovis
ions
of A
rizon
a la
w a
utho
rize
th
e D
epar
tmen
t of C
orre
ctio
ns
dire
ctor
to c
onsi
der a
n in
mat
e's
prio
r record in
dec
idin
g w
heth
er to
rele
ase
on w
ork
furlo
ugh
or to
gra
nt e
arly
pa
role
bec
ause
of
pris
on c
row
ding
.
Stat
utes
Req
uirin
g th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Man
y of
the
Sta
te la
ws
that
pr
ovid
e fo
r enh
ance
d se
nten
ces f
or
repe
at o
ffen
ders
or h
abitu
al o
ffen
ders
al
so p
rohi
bit o
r lim
it re
leas
e of
suc
h of
fend
ers o
n pa
role
. In
add
ition
, m
any
Stat
es h
ave
othe
r sta
tuto
ry
prov
isio
ns th
at p
rohi
bit o
r lim
it pa
role
for c
erta
in o
ffen
ders
with
sp
ecifi
ed p
rior c
onvi
ctio
ns.
For
exam
ple,
Virg
inia
law
pro
hibi
ts
paro
le fo
r any
one c
onvi
cted
thre
e or
mor
e tim
es o
f en
umer
ated
ser
ious
fe
loni
es o
r enu
mer
ated
dru
g of
fens
es.
Wes
t Virg
inia
law
pro
vide
s tha
t a
pers
on c
onvi
cted
for t
he th
ird
or
subs
eque
nt ti
me
of a
felo
ny m
ay n
ot
be p
arol
ed p
rior t
o se
rvin
g th
e m
inim
um te
rm p
rovi
ded
by la
w f
or
the
new
off
ense
and
a pe
rson
se
nten
ced
to li
fe w
ho h
as tw
o or
mor
e pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns m
ay n
ot b
e pa
role
d pr
ior
to se
rvin
g 15
year
s. So
uth
Car
olin
a la
w p
rohi
bits
par
ole
for p
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
for t
he s
econ
d or
subs
eque
nt ti
me
of s
peci
fied
viol
ent o
ffen
ses.
In
Ala
bam
a, p
arol
e is
pro
hibi
ted
for a
ny p
erso
n gi
ven
a lif
e se
nten
ce w
ho h
as p
revi
ousl
y be
en
conv
icte
d of
a C
lass
A fe
lony
or a
ny
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of a
n en
umer
ated
se
riou
s fel
ony
who
has
bee
n co
nvic
ted
of a
felo
ny re
sulti
ng in
se
riou
s inj
ury
with
in th
e pr
evio
us
five
yea
rs.
Ariz
ona
proh
ibits
par
ole
for s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
ses o
f sex
ual
assa
ult a
gain
st a
spou
se o
r sex
ual
offe
nses
aga
inst
child
ren,
as
wel
l as
for e
num
erat
ed o
ffen
ses c
omm
itted
w
hile
on
rele
ase
from
con
finem
ent.
Arizona,
Cal
iforn
ia an
d M
aryl
and
proh
ibit
or li
mit
paro
le fo
r per
sons
co
nvic
ted
of e
num
erat
ed d
rug
offe
nses
w
ho h
ave
prio
r con
vict
ions
for s
uch
offe
nses
. H
awai
i and
Nor
th C
arol
ina
have
pro
visi
ons p
rohi
bitin
g or
lim
iting
par
ole
for e
num
erat
ed re
peat
of
fens
es in
volv
ing
dead
ly w
eapo
ns.
Cal
iforn
ia an
d O
rego
n ha
ve
prov
isio
ns li
miti
ng o
r den
ying
par
ole
for p
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
of m
urde
r who
ha
ve p
rior m
urde
r con
vict
ions
.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
t
Tab
le 9
S
tatu
tes
prov
idin
g th
at p
arol
e el
igib
iiity
sha
ii or
may
be
affe
cted
by
prio
r co
nvl
ctlo
ns
(N
ote:
S
tate
s w
hich
Sta
te
Ala
bam
a
Ala
ska
Ari
zona
Ark
ansa
s
Cal
ifor
nia
Col
orad
o
Flo
rida
Geo
rgia
&no
t hav
e st
aact
Ls p
rovi
ding
tha
t par
ole
Cit
atio
n
15-22-27.1
15-22-27.2
33.16.090, .lo0
33.16.110
41-1604.07
13-604
13-604.01
13-604.02
3 1-233.01
3 1-233(I)
13-1406.01
16-93-601thru 610
Pen.
Cod
e 5 667.7
Pen
. C
ode
# 667.75
Pen.
Cod
e 5 190.05
Pen
. C
ode
# 190.2
17-22.5-303.5
947.002, .I65
17-10-7
elig
ibili
ty s
hall
or
may
be
offr
cted
by
pri
or
con
vict
ww
are
om
itted
fmm
flu
tab
k.)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sio
n
(Sta
tuto
ry p
mvi
rio
w a
re s
um
miz
ed
orp
arap
hra
sed
)
Pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
mur
der
or a
vio
lent
fel
cny
resu
lting
in
seri
ous
inju
ry w
ho h
as a
con
vict
ion
for
a vi
olen
t fe
lony
with
in p
revi
ous
five
ye
ars
is i
nelig
ible
for
par
ole.
Per
son
give
n li
fe s
ente
nce
for
seco
nd c
lass
A f
elon
y is
ine
ligib
le f
or
paro
le.
Lim
its e
ligi
bili
ty fo
r di
scre
tiona
ry p
arol
e fo
r pe
rson
s se
nten
ced
to
enha
nced
term
s as
rep
eat o
ffen
ders
.
Pro
vide
s th
at t
he p
arol
e bo
ard
shal
l con
side
r th
e pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
co
mpi
led
for
the
sent
enci
ng c
ourt
, in
clud
ing
the
pris
oner
's c
rim
inal
an
d ju
veni
le h
isto
ry a
nd h
is p
revi
ous
expe
rien
ce o
n pa
role
or
prob
atio
n.
Bas
es r
ates
of
earn
ed re
leas
e cr
edits
upo
n, a
mon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
prio
r cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Lim
its p
arol
e el
igib
ility
[pe
rson
mus
t se
rve
a de
sign
ated
num
ber
of
year
s be
fore
bec
omin
g el
igib
le f
or p
arol
e co
nsid
erat
ion]
for
dan
gero
us
and
repe
titiv
e of
fend
ers,
bas
ed u
pon
the
seri
ousn
ess
of t
he o
ffen
se a
nd
the
num
ber
and
seri
ousn
ess
of p
rior
off
ense
s.
Lim
its p
arol
e el
igib
ility
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f da
nger
ous
crim
es
agai
nst c
hild
ren
who
hav
e pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns f
or s
uch
offe
nses
.
Lim
its p
arol
e el
igib
ilit
y fo
r pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of f
elon
ies
whi
le o
n pa
role
, pr
obat
ions
or
any
othe
r fo
rm o
f re
leas
e.
Pro
vide
s th
at e
ligib
ility
for
rel
ease
on
wor
k fu
rlou
gh s
hall
depe
nd o
n,
amon
g ot
her
thin
gs,
the
pris
oner
's p
rior
cri
min
al r
ecor
d.
Pro
hibi
ts e
arly
rel
ease
(be
caus
e of
ove
rcro
wdi
ng) o
f pr
ison
ers
with
pr
ior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
Lim
its p
arol
e el
igib
ility
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed f
or a
sec
ond
or
subs
eque
nt ti
me
of s
exua
l ass
ault
of a
spo
use.
Est
ablis
hes
paro
le e
ligib
ility
dep
endi
ng o
n da
te o
f of
fens
e,
seri
ousn
ess
of o
ffen
se a
nd p
rior
cri
min
al r
ecor
d.
Lim
its p
arol
e el
igib
ility
for
hab
itual
off
ende
rs b
ased
upo
n nu
mbe
r of
pr
ior
pris
on t
erm
s se
rved
for
enu
mer
ated
ser
ious
off
ense
s.
Lim
its p
arol
e el
igib
ility
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f en
umer
ated
dru
g of
fens
es w
ho h
ave
serv
ed p
rior
pri
son
term
s fo
r dr
ug o
ffen
ses.
Pro
vide
s fo
r lif
e se
nten
ce w
ithou
t pa
role
for
a p
erso
n co
nvic
ted
of
seco
nd d
egre
e m
urde
r w
ho h
as s
erve
d a
pris
on te
rm f
or m
urde
r.
Pro
vide
s fo
r li
fe w
ithou
t par
ole
for
a pe
rson
con
vict
ed o
f fi
rst
degr
ee
mur
der
who
has
a p
rior
con
vict
ion
for
mur
der.
Est
ablis
hes
paro
le g
uide
lines
tha
t se
t ou
t ag
grav
atin
g ci
rcum
stan
ces
affe
ctin
g th
e le
ngth
and
con
ditio
ns o
f pa
role
, in
clud
ing
whe
ther
the
of
fend
er w
as o
n pa
role
or
prob
atio
n w
hen
he c
omitt
ed th
e cr
ime
for
whi
ch h
e w
as c
omm
itted
and
th
e of
fend
er h
as n
umer
ous
or
incr
easi
ngly
ser
ious
adu
lt or
juv
enile
con
vict
ions
.
Pro
vide
s fo
r es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f ob
ject
ive
paro
le c
rite
ria
for
pers
ons
serv
ing
paro
le-e
ligib
le s
ente
nces
bas
ed u
pon
the
offe
nder
's p
rese
nt
crim
inal
off
ense
and
his
pas
t cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Pro
hibi
ts p
arol
e fo
r per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f a
felo
ny f
or t
he f
ourt
h or
su
bseq
uent
tim
e.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tab
le 9
57
Tab
le 9
(co
nt.)
S
tatu
tes
prov
ldin
g th
at p
aro
le e
liglb
iiity
sh
all o
r m
ay b
e af
fect
ed b
y p
rio
r co
nvi
ctio
ns
(N
ote:
Sta
tes
whi
ch &
not h
ave
stat
ute
spro
vidi
ng that
paro
k el
igib
ility
shal
l or
may
be
@ec
ted
by p
rior
con
vict
ionx
are
om
itte
dfro
m the table.)
Sta
te
Haw
aii
Idah
o
Illi
nois
Indi
ana
Iow
a
Kan
sas
Ken
tuck
y
Lou
isia
na
Mar
ylan
d
Mas
sach
uset
ts
Mic
higa
n
Cit
atlo
n
706-
669
706-
660.
1
20-2
23(b
)
38-1
003-
3-4
38-1
005-
5-3
11-1
3-3-
3
90
2.8
90
2.1
1
90
6.5
22-3
717(
f)
532.
045
439.
340
I 15
57
4.4
Cod
e C
rim
. Pro
c. a
rt.
875.
8
76
27-2
86.
-286
D
27-6
43B
127-
133B
94C
-32H
333.
7413
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sio
n
(Sta
tuto
rypr
ovir
iom
me
mm
man
'zed
or p
map
hrar
cd.)
Req
uire
s th
e st
ate
paro
ling
aut
hori
ty t
o es
tabl
ish
guid
elin
es f
or
dete
rmin
ing
min
imum
ter
ms
of i
mpr
ison
men
t, ta
king
int
o ac
coun
t th
e se
riou
snes
s of
the
off
ense
and
the
off
ende
r's p
rior
cri
min
al h
isto
ry.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
term
s of
im
pris
onm
ent w
itho
ut p
arol
e fo
r
pers
ons
wnv
icte
d of
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t fir
earm
fel
ony
offe
nses
.
Pro
vide
s th
at p
erso
ns s
ervi
ng s
ente
nces
for
sex
off
ense
s w
ho h
ave
a hi
stor
y of
pre
viou
s se
x of
fens
es s
hall
be
inel
igib
le f
or p
arol
e.
Pro
vide
s th
at p
arol
e bo
ard
shal
l m
ake
its
dete
rmin
atio
n ba
sed
upon
, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, th
e pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
(w
hich
con
tain
s
-in
form
atio
n ab
out
the
offe
nder
's c
rim
inal
his
tory
).
Pro
vide
s fo
r se
nten
cing
cer
tain
off
ende
rs to
ter
ms
of i
mpr
ison
men
t w
itho
ut p
arol
e ba
sed
upon
pri
or c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Pro
vide
s th
at p
arol
e de
cisi
ons
shal
l be
bas
ed i
n pa
rt u
pon
inm
ates
' pa
st c
rim
inal
his
tori
es.
Hab
itua
l off
ende
rs n
ot e
ligi
ble
for
paro
le u
ntil
min
imum
sen
tenc
e is
se
rved
.
Pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
a fo
rcib
le f
elon
y w
ith
a pr
ior
viol
ent
felo
ny
conv
icti
on o
r co
nvic
ted
of a
non
forc
ible
fel
ony
wit
h a
prio
r fo
rcib
le
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
n w
ithi
n pr
evio
us f
ive
year
s is
ine
ligi
ble
for
paro
le
unti
l hal
f of
max
imum
sen
tenc
e is
ser
ved.
Par
ole
boar
d to
con
side
r pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Par
ole
boar
d to
con
side
r pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
his
tory
.
Proh
ibits
par
ole
for
pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
sec
ond
or s
ubse
quen
t sex
of
fens
e ag
ains
t a
min
or.
Paro
le b
oard
req
uire
d to
obt
ain
crim
inal
his
tory
rec
ord
of a
ll pa
role
-
elig
ible
off
ende
rs.
Boa
rd s
hall
con
side
r pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
reco
rd i
n
paro
le d
ecis
ions
.
Port
ion
of s
ente
nce
that
con
vict
ed f
elon
mus
t se
rve
befo
re p
arol
e
elig
ibil
ity
depe
nden
t up
on n
umbe
rs o
f pr
evio
us f
elon
y co
nvic
tion
s
and
whe
ther
pre
viou
s se
nten
ce h
as b
een
serv
ed.
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all
cons
ider
pre
viou
s cr
imin
al r
ecor
d.
Req
uire
s pr
esen
tenc
e re
port
(w
ith
crim
inal
his
tory
) to
be
sent
to
divi
sion
of
prob
atio
n an
d pa
role
with
com
mit
ted
offe
nder
.
Kit
s pa
role
eli
gibi
lity
for
per
sons
con
vict
ed o
f re
peat
dru
g
viol
atio
ns.
Pro
vide
s fo
r m
anda
tory
25-
year
ter
m w
ith l
imit
ed p
arol
e el
igib
ilit
y fo
r
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
thir
d cr
ime
of v
iole
nce
who
has
ser
ved
at l
east
one
pr
ior
pris
on te
rm f
or a
cri
me
of v
iole
nce.
Pro
vide
s fo
r li
fe w
itho
ut
paro
le f
or f
ourt
h co
nvic
tion
for
a c
rim
e of
vio
lenc
e.
Per
son
conv
icte
d as
hab
itua
l off
ende
r no
t el
igib
le f
or p
arol
e un
til
half
of
max
imum
term
is
serv
ed.
Pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
repe
at d
rug
offe
nses
not
eli
gibl
e fo
r pa
role
unt
il
man
dato
ry m
inim
um te
rm i
s se
rved
.
Pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
drug
traf
fick
ing
for
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
tim
e .s
ente
nced
to l
ife
wit
hout
par
ole.
58
Tab
le 9
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Qse
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabi
e 9
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovid
ing
that
par
ole
elig
iblil
ty s
hall
or m
ay b
e af
fect
ed b
y pr
ior
conv
lctlo
ns
(Not
e: S
tate
s w
hzh
do
nor h
ave
stnh
rtes
pro
vidn
g th
ar p
arol
e el
rgrb
ilrry
sha
ll or
may
be
qTec
ted
by p
rior
con
vicr
iorr
r me
omin
ed fr
om r
he t
able
.)
Sta
te
Cita
tion
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
isio
ns m
e su
mm
arka
d or
par
aphm
rad)
Min
neso
ta
243.
05
Pers
on s
ente
nced
to l
ife
for m
urde
r w
ho h
as a
pre
viou
s fe
lony
co
nvic
tion
mus
t se
rve
25 y
ears
bef
ore
paro
le e
ligi
bili
ty.
Par
ole
boar
d m
ay c
onsi
der
prev
ious
cri
min
al h
isto
ries
in
cons
ider
ing
paro
le o
f pa
role
-eli
gibl
e in
mat
es.
609.
184
Man
dato
ry t
erm
of
life
wit
hout
par
ole
for
pers
on c
onvi
cted
of
firs
t de
gree
mur
der
who
has
one
or
mor
e pr
ior
conv
icti
ons
for
a he
inou
s cr
ime.
Mis
siss
ippi
99
-19-
81
Max
imum
sen
tenc
e w
ithou
t pa
role
for
per
sons
sen
tenc
ed as
habi
tual
cr
imin
als
(fel
ony
conv
icti
on w
ith t
wo
or m
ore
prev
ious
fel
ony
conv
icti
ons
and
sent
ence
s).
99-1
9-81
L
ife
with
out p
arol
e fo
r ha
bitu
al c
rim
inal
s (a
s ab
ove)
if o
ne o
r m
ore
of
the
prio
rs w
as a
cri
me
of v
iole
nce.
47-7
-3
Per
sons
con
vict
ed a
nd s
ente
nced
as
habi
tual
cri
min
als
not
elig
ible
for
pa
role
.
47-7
-17
Paro
le b
oard
sha
ll c
onsi
der
prev
ious
cri
min
al r
ecor
d.
47-7
-19
Judg
es,
pros
ecut
ors
and
poli
ce o
ffic
ers
to f
urni
sh p
revi
ous
hist
ory
info
rmat
ion
to t
he p
arol
e bo
ard.
Mis
sour
i 21
7.76
0 B
oard
of
prob
atio
n an
d pa
role
to
mak
e pr
esen
tenc
e in
vest
igat
ion
and
repo
rt,
incl
udin
g pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
his
tory
, be
fore
im
posi
tion
of
sent
ence
or
gran
ting
of
prob
atio
n or
par
ole.
Mon
tana
46
-23-
201,
202
P
arol
e bo
ard
shal
l co
nsid
er p
revi
ous
crim
inal
his
tory
. N
ebra
ska
83-1
114(
2)(j
) B
oard
of
paro
le s
hall
con
side
r pr
evio
us c
rim
inal
his
tory
. N
evad
a 21
3.10
987
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all
adop
t st
anda
rds
whi
ch s
hall
, am
ong
othe
r th
ings
, pr
ovid
e fo
r lo
nger
ter
ms
for
pers
ons
with
his
tory
of
repe
titi
ve
crim
inal
con
duct
.
New
Jer
sey
30:4
-123
.54
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all c
ompi
le r
epor
t on
eli
gibl
e in
mat
es, i
nclu
ding
pre
- in
carc
erat
ion
reco
rds.
2C:
14-6
P
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
of
seco
nd o
r su
bseq
uent
sex
off
ense
not
eli
gibl
e fo
r pa
role
soo
ner t
han
five
yea
rs o
r fi
xed
min
imum
sen
tenc
e, w
hich
ever
is
long
er.
New
Mex
ico
31-2
1-10
A
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all c
onsi
der
inm
ate'
s re
cord
and
par
ticu
larl
y w
heth
er h
e is
an
habi
tual
off
ende
r.
New
York
Cr.
Pro
c. L
aw Q
390
.60
Pre
sent
ence
repo
rt,
whi
ch i
nclu
des
info
rmat
ion
on p
revi
ous
crim
inal
hi
stor
y, m
ust
be d
eliv
ered
to
inst
itut
iona
l au
thor
itie
s.
Exe
c. L
aw Q
259
-a
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all p
repa
re c
ompl
ete
repo
rts
on i
nmat
es th
at m
ust
incl
ude
pres
ente
nce
repo
rts
(whi
ch i
nclu
de c
rim
inal
his
tori
es).
Exe
c. L
aw 3
259
c.3
Paro
le b
oard
sha
ll h
ave
inm
ate
reco
rds,
inc
ludi
ng p
ast
crim
inal
hi
stor
ies,
rea
dy f
or p
arol
e co
nsid
erat
ion.
Nor
th C
arol
ina
14-2
.1
Pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
sec
ond
felo
ny w
ith u
se o
f de
adly
wea
pon
wit
hin
seve
n-ye
ar p
erio
d sh
all
serv
e at
lea
st s
even
yea
rs b
efor
e pa
role
.
Nor
th D
akot
a 12
-59-
05
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all
cons
ider
pre
viou
s cr
imin
al h
isto
ry.
Ohi
o 29
67.3
1 E
ligi
bili
ty f
or s
hock
par
ole
depe
nden
t in
par
t up
on p
rior
cri
min
al
hist
ory.
Okl
ahom
a C
onst
., ar
t. 6
Q 10
E
stab
lish
es p
ardo
n an
d pa
role
boa
rd.
Gra
nts
legi
slat
ure
the
auth
orit
y to
pre
scri
be m
inim
um m
anda
tory
term
s w
itho
ut p
arol
e fo
r pe
rson
co
nvic
ted
of f
elon
ies
for
the
thud
tim
e.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tab
le 9
59
Tabl
e 9
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovld
lng
that
par
ole
ellg
lblll
ty s
hal
l or
may
be
affe
cted
by
pri
or
con
vlct
lon
s (Note: S
tats
~whi
ch d
o no
t hav
e s
ta
m pr
ovid
ing
that
pwol
e el
igib
ility
shal
l or
may
be
dec
ted
by
prio
r co
nvic
tions
are
om
itted
fro
m th#
tabl
e.)
Sta
te
Clt
atlo
n
Ore
gon
144.
120
163.
095
Pen
nsyl
vani
a 61
-331
.19
Pue
rto
Ric
o 4-
1503
Rho
de I
slan
d 13
-8-1
3
13-8
-14.
1
Sou
th C
arol
ina
17-2
5-45
24-2
1-64
0
Sou
th D
akot
a 24
-13-
7
Ten
ness
ee
40-3
5-20
3
Tex
as
Cod
e C
rim
. R
oc.
art
. 42.
18 Q
8(
e)
Ver
mon
t 13
-231
1
28-5
01(c
)
Vir
gini
a 53
.1-1
51
Was
hing
ton
9.95
.009
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
62-1
2-7
62-1
2-13
Wis
cons
in
972.
15(5
)
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovi
sio
n
(Sta
tuto
ry pr
ovir
ions
are
sum
mar
ized
orp
arap
hra
sed.
)
Par
ole
boar
d m
ay c
hoos
e no
t to
par
ole
pers
on w
hose
pre
sent
off
ense
w
as p
rece
ded
by t
wo
or m
ore
clas
s A
or
B f
elon
ies.
Pers
ons
conv
icte
d fo
r se
cond
tim
e of
mur
der
shal
l be
sent
ence
d to
lif
e
wit
hout
par
ole.
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all o
btai
n an
d co
nsid
er i
nmat
e's
com
plet
e cr
imin
al
hist
ory
as f
ar a
s known.
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all
cons
ider
inf
orm
atio
n ab
out p
rior
cri
min
al
back
grou
nd.
Per
sons
ser
ving
life
sen
tenc
es c
onvi
cted
of
esca
pe s
hall
ser
ve 2
5 ye
ars
w
ithou
t par
ole
and
each
sub
sequ
ent e
scap
e co
nvic
tion
sha
ll a
dd f
ive
ye
ars
wit
hout
par
ole.
P
arol
e bo
ard
may
var
y fr
om e
stab
lish
ed p
arol
e st
anda
rds
base
d up
on
inm
ate'
s pr
ior
crim
inal
rec
ord.
Pers
ons
conv
icte
d of
thi
rd c
rim
e of
vio
lenc
e se
nten
ced
to l
ife
wit
hout
pa
role
.
Par
ole
proh
ibit
ed f
or p
erso
ns s
ervi
ng s
econ
d or
sub
sequ
ent
sent
ence
fo
r a
viol
ent c
rim
e.
Par
ole
boar
d m
ay c
onsi
der
the
inm
ate'
s pr
ior
crim
inal
his
tory
in
gr
anti
ng o
r de
nyin
g pa
role
.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rt (
incl
udin
g cr
imin
al h
isto
ry i
nfor
mat
ion)
mus
t be
su
bmit
ted
to d
epar
tmen
t of
cone
ctio
ns a
nd p
arol
e bo
ard
for
all
offe
nder
s se
nten
ced
to a
yea
r or
mor
e.
Pard
on a
nd p
arol
e bo
ard
mus
t co
mpi
le a
nd c
onsi
der
inm
ates
' pri
or
crim
inal
his
tori
es.
Pers
on w
ho i
s co
nvic
ted
of m
urde
r an
d ha
s a
prio
r m
urde
r co
nvic
tion
sh
all b
e se
nten
ced
to l
ife
wit
hout
par
ole.
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all
obta
in a
nd c
onsi
der
inm
ates
' pr
ior
crim
inal
hi
stor
ies.
Rep
eat
felo
ny o
ffen
ders
requ
ired
to
serv
e in
crea
sing
por
tion
s of
se
nten
ces
befo
re p
arol
e, d
epen
ding
on
num
ber
of p
rior
fel
ony
co
nvic
tion
s, u
p to
thr
ee-f
ourt
hs o
f se
nten
ce f
or f
ourt
h o
r su
bseq
uent
co
nvic
tion
. P
erso
ns s
ente
nced
to t
wo
or m
ore
life
sen
tenc
es, n
ot
elig
ible
for
par
ole
befo
re s
ervi
ng 2
0 ye
ars.
P
erso
ns c
onvi
cted
for
th
ird
felo
ny d
rug
traf
fick
ing
offe
nse
are
inel
igib
le f
or p
arol
e.
Per
sons
co
nvic
ted
for
thir
d vi
olen
t fe
lony
are
ine
ligi
ble
for
paro
le.
Par
ole
abol
ishe
d fo
r cr
imes
com
mit
ted
afte
r Ju
ly 1
, 19
84.
Par
ole
boar
d sh
all
obta
in a
nd c
onsi
der
inm
ates
' pr
ior
crim
inal
hi
stor
ies.
Pers
on s
ente
nced
for
thir
d or
sub
sequ
ent f
elon
y co
nvic
tion
mus
t se
rve
m
inim
um s
ente
nce
befo
re p
arol
e.
Per
son
sent
ence
d to
lif
e w
ho h
as
two
or m
ore
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
mus
t se
rve
15 y
ears
bef
ore
pa
role
. P
arol
e bo
ard
mus
t ob
tain
aut
hent
ic c
opy
of p
riso
ner's
Sta
te o
r
Fed
eral
cri
min
al h
isto
ry r
ecor
d.
Res
ente
nce
repo
rt,
whi
ch i
nclu
des
crim
inal
his
tory
inf
orm
atio
n, m
ay
be u
sed
for
paro
le c
onsi
dera
tion
s.
60
Tab
le 9
St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 9
(con
t.)
Sta
tute
s pr
ovld
ing
that
par
ole
ellg
ibill
ty s
hall
or m
ay b
e af
fect
ed b
y pr
ior
conv
ictio
ns
(Not
e: S
tatc
s w
hich
do
not h
e stat
utes
pro
vidi
ng t
hat p
arol
e el
igib
ility
sha
ll or
may
be
&c&
d by
pri
or c
onvi
ctio
ns am o
m'I
trdf
rom
the
tab
&.)
Sta
te
Clta
tlon
Sta
tuto
ry p
rovl
sion
(S
tatu
tory
prov
irio
ns crrs m
mm
arir
cd o
r pm
+ed
)
Wyo
min
g 7-
13-1
04
Boa
rd o
f pa
role
sha
ll ob
tain
info
rmat
ion
on in
mat
es f
rom
the
divi
sion
of
cri
min
al i
nves
tigat
ion.
7-
13-4
02
Priso
ner
is n
ot e
ligib
le fo
r pa
role
if h
e ha
s pr
evio
usly
esc
aped
or
help
ed o
ther
s to
esc
ape.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Criminal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tab
le 9
61
Par
?V:
Pos
sess
ion
of F
irea
rms
by C
onvi
cted
Fel
ons
A p
rovi
sion
of
Fede
ral l
aw, 1
8 U
.S.C
. 8
922(
g), m
akes
it
unla
wfu
l fo
r any
per
son
who
has
bee
n co
nvic
ted
of a
felo
ny5
in a
ny F
eder
al
or S
tate
cou
rt to
pos
sess
, tra
nspo
rt o
r re
ceiv
e an
y fn
earm
or a
mm
uniti
on
whi
ch h
as b
een
ship
ped
or tr
ansp
orte
d in
inte
rsta
te c
omm
erce
. In
add
ition
to
the
Fede
ral p
rovi
sion
, 43
Stat
es, t
he
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a an
d th
e V
irgin
Is
land
s ha
ve p
rovi
sion
s in
thei
r pe
nal
code
s m
akin
g it
a cr
imin
al o
ffen
se,
usua
lly a
felo
ny, f
or a
per
son
prev
ious
ly c
onvi
cted
of
a fe
lony
to
own,
pos
sess
or c
arry
a fi
rear
m.
(See
T
able
10.
) So
me
of t
hese
law
s ap
ply
to o
nly
cert
ain
type
s of
fire
arm
s (s
uch
as h
andg
uns)
, som
e ap
ply
to o
ther
ty
pes o
f de
adly
wea
pons
as
wel
l, an
d so
me
appl
y on
ly if
the
wea
pon
is
conc
eale
d or
con
ceal
able
. V
imta
lly
all o
f th
e la
ws
outla
w p
osse
ssio
n or
ow
ners
hip
of f
near
ms o
r oth
er
desi
gnat
ed w
eapo
ns b
y pe
rson
s co
nvic
ted
of d
esig
nate
d cr
imin
al
offe
nses
in a
ny S
tate
or F
eder
al c
ourt
and,
in s
ome
case
s, in
the
terr
itori
es
or in
oth
er c
ount
ries
as
wel
l. A
s an
exa
mpl
e, C
alif
orni
a la
w
mak
es it
a fe
lony
for
a p
erso
n to
po
sses
s an
y ty
pe o
f fir
earm
if t
he
pers
on h
as p
revi
ousl
y be
en c
onvi
cted
of
a fe
lony
or
a de
sign
ated
vio
lent
of
fens
e und
er C
alifo
rnia
law
, Fed
eral
la
w o
r the
law
s of
"an
y ot
her s
tate
, go
vern
men
t or c
ount
ry."
Ariz
ona
law
m
akes
it a
cri
min
al o
ffen
se fo
r any
pe
rson
to p
osse
ss a
fire
arm
or o
ther
w
eapo
n de
sign
ed fo
r let
hal u
se if
suc
h
5~ f
elon
y is
def
ined
as
a cr
ime
puni
shab
le b
y im
priso
nmen
t for
a te
rm
exce
edin
g on
e ye
ar.
pers
on p
revi
ousl
y ha
s be
en c
onvi
cted
"w
ithin
or
with
out t
his
stat
e" o
f a
felo
ny in
volv
ing
viol
ence
or
poss
essi
on o
r use
of
a de
adly
wea
pon.
Fl
orid
a la
w m
akes
ow
ners
hip
or
poss
essi
on o
f a
fnea
rm a
felo
ny
offe
nse
if th
e ow
ner o
r pos
sess
or h
as
been
con
vict
ed o
f a
felo
ny in
the
cour
ts o
f Fl
orid
a, th
e U
nite
d St
ates
, "o
r an
y ot
her s
tate
, tem
tory
or
coun
try."
A
lask
a la
w, o
n th
e ot
her h
and,
ap
plie
s onl
y to
fir
earm
s cap
able
of
bein
g co
ncea
led
on th
e pe
rson
. It
m
akes
pos
sess
ion
of s
uch
a fir
earm
a
felo
ny if
the
pers
on h
as p
revi
ousl
y be
en c
onvi
cted
of
a fe
lony
by
a Fe
dera
l cou
rt, a
cou
rt o
f A
lask
a or
a
cour
t of
"ano
ther
sta
te o
r te
mto
ry."
In
Kan
sas,
it is
a fe
lony
for
a p
erso
n to
pos
sess
a fi
rear
m w
ith a
bar
rel l
ess
than
12
inch
es lo
ng if
the
per
son
has
prev
ious
ly b
een
conv
icte
d of
a fe
lony
un
der t
he la
ws
of Kansas
or a
ny o
ther
ju
risd
ictio
n.
Illin
ois l
aw, a
s a
fina
l ex
ampl
e, m
akes
it a
cri
min
al o
ffen
se
for a
per
son
to p
osse
ss a
ny f
nean
n or
am
mun
ition
if p
revi
ousl
y co
nvic
ted
of a
felo
ny u
nder
the
law
s of
the
Stat
e of
Illi
nois
. A
lthou
gh v
aryi
ng s
omew
hat i
n sc
ope,
all
of t
hese
law
s an
d th
e ot
hers
lis
ied
in T
able
10
have
one
thin
g in
co
mm
on.
The
y re
quir
e, fo
r eff
ectiv
e en
forc
emen
t, th
at la
w e
nfor
cem
ent
offi
cial
s hav
e so
me
mea
ns o
f qu
ickl
y de
term
inin
g w
heth
er p
erso
ns th
ey
enco
unte
r who
hav
e fir
earm
s or o
ther
pr
ohib
ited
wea
pons
in th
eir
poss
essi
on h
ave
prev
ious
fel
ony
conv
ictio
ns in
the
sta
te o
r in
oth
er
juri
sdic
tions
. In
som
e ca
ses,
the
pers
ons
may
be
know
n to
law
en
forc
emen
t off
icia
ls a
s con
vict
ed
felo
ns.
In o
ther
cas
es, t
he p
erso
ns
may
be
subj
ect t
o ar
rest
for o
ther
of
fens
es?
ther
eby
prov
idin
g h
w
enfo
rcem
ent o
ffic
ials
with
suf
fici
ent
time
to d
eter
min
e w
heth
er th
e pe
rson
s ha
ve p
rior
felo
ny c
onvi
ctio
ns.
In
man
y ca
ses,
how
ever
, law
en
forc
emen
t off
icia
ls h
ave
no
effe
ctiv
e mea
ns o
f im
med
iate
ly
obta
inin
g su
ffic
ient
info
rmat
ion
abou
t a s
uspe
ct's
past
cri
min
al
invo
lvem
ent t
o be
abl
e to
det
erm
ine
whe
ther
the
pers
on h
as a
prio
r fe
lony
re
cord
, par
ticul
arly
if th
e co
nvic
tion
occu
rred
in a
noth
er S
tate
. A
cces
s to
on
-line
com
pute
riz&
crim
inal
his
twj
syst
ems,
incl
udin
g th
e in
ters
tate
sy
stem
ope
rate
d by
the
FB
I, m
ay
prov
ide
the
nece
ssar
y in
form
atio
n in
so
me
case
s.
In m
any
case
s, h
owev
er,
beca
use
info
rmat
ion
in t
he d
atab
ases
is
inco
mpl
ete,
the
avai
labl
e in
form
atio
n do
es n
ot in
clud
e co
urt
and
corr
ectio
nal d
ispo
sitio
ns o
r doe
s no
t inc
lude
suff
icie
nt in
form
atio
n to
de
term
ine
with
cer
tain
ty w
heth
er
reco
rded
con
vict
ions
wer
e fo
r fel
ony
offe
nses
. In
add
ition
, sin
ce a
cces
s to
the
info
rmat
ion
is li
mite
d to
nam
e se
arch
es, t
he u
se o
f fa
lse
nam
es c
an
caus
e ex
istin
g re
cord
s to
be
mis
sed.
%ern
e of
the
stat
es li
sted
in T
able
10
have
fir
ems
licen
sing
law
s w
hich
ge
nera
lly m
ake
it a
crim
inal
off
ense
to
poss
ess
a fir
earm
with
out
a lic
ense
. Pe
rson
s w
ith p
rior
fel
ony
conv
ictio
ns
usua
lly a
re n
ot e
ligib
le to
obt
ain
fiea
rms
licen
ses.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Tabl
e 10
S
tatu
tes
mak
lng
poss
essi
on o
f a
flrea
rm b
y a
conv
lcte
d fe
lon
a cr
lmln
al o
ffen
se
Sta
te
Cita
tion
P
roh
ibite
d
wea
po
ns*
If
prev
ious
ly
con
vict
ed o
f P
enal
ty
(or
off
ense
lev
el)
Uni
ted
Stat
es
18-9
22(g
), 9
24
Fire
arm
or
amm
uniti
on
ship
ped
in i
nter
stat
e A
ny f
elon
y**
Up
to 1
0 ye
ars
or
$5,0
00 f
ine,
or
both
co
mm
erce
Ala
bam
a 13
A-1
1-72
, 84
Pis
tols
C
rim
e of
vio
lenc
e or
U
p to
fiv
e ye
ars
atte
mpt
Ala
ska
11.6
1.20
0 C
once
alab
le f
irea
rm
Any
fel
ony
with
in f
ive
Cla
ss C
fel
ony
year
s***
Ari
zona
13
-310
1, 3
102
Fie
arm
or
leth
al
Vio
lent
fel
ony or
Cla
ss 6
fel
ony
wea
pon
poss
essi
on o
f de
adly
w
eapo
n
Ark
ansa
s 5-
73-1
03
Fire
arm
A
ny f
elon
y C
lass
D f
elon
y
Cal
ifor
nia
P. C
. 5
1202
1 Fi
rear
m
Any
fel
ony
Fel
ony
P. C
. 5
1256
0 Fi
rear
m
Felo
ny w
ith f
irea
rm
Up
to $
1,00
0 fi
ne or
one
year
, or
both
Col
orad
o 18
-12-
108
Fire
arm
or
dead
ly
Bur
glar
y, a
rson
or
Cla
ss 5
fel
ony;
sec
ond
wea
pon
felo
ny i
nvol
ving
or
sub
sequ
ent o
ffen
se is
vi
olen
ce o
r de
adly
cl
ass
4 fe
lony
w
eapo
n w
ithin
10
year
s
Con
nect
icut
53
a-21
7 H
andg
un o
r el
ectr
ic st
un
Cap
ital f
elon
y or
oth
er
Cla
ss D
felo
ny (
mus
t gu
n se
riou
s fe
lony
se
rve
two
year
s)
Del
awar
e 11
-144
8 D
eadl
y w
eapo
n Fe
lony
, cr
ime
of
Cla
ss E
fel
ony
viol
ence
or
cert
ain
drug
of
fens
es.
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a 22
-320
3, 2
2-32
15
Pis
tol
Felo
ny,
pand
erin
g,
Up
to $
1,00
0 fi
ne o
r ba
wdy
hou
se o
r on
e ye
ar,
or both.
vagr
ancy
Flo
rida
79
0.23
Fi
rear
m o
r el
ectr
ic s
tun
Fel
ony
Seco
nd d
egre
e fe
lony
gu
n
Haw
aii
134-
7(b)
, (f)
Fi
rear
m o
r am
mun
ition
C
rim
e of
vio
lenc
e or
C
lass
B f
elon
y dr
ug t
raff
icki
ng
Illi
nois
38
-24-
1.1
Fire
arm
, am
mun
ition
or
Any
fel
ony
Cla
ss 3
fel
ony
othe
r da
nger
ous
wea
pon
Iow
a 72
4.26
Fi
rear
m or
offe
nsiv
e A
ny f
elon
y A
ggra
vate
d w
eapo
n m
isde
mea
nor
Kan
sas
21.4
204
Fire
arm
with
bar
rel
Any
fel
ony
with
in f
ive
Cla
ss D
fel
ony
unde
r 12
" ye
ars
Ken
tuck
y 52
7.04
0 H
andg
un
Any
fel
ony
Cla
ss D
fel
ony
Lou
isia
na
14:9
5.1
Fire
arm
E
num
erat
ed s
erio
us
$3,0
00-5
,000
fin
e an
d fe
loni
es w
ithin
10
year
s th
ree
to 1
0 ye
ars
wit
hout
pro
bati
on o
r pa
role
Mai
ne
15-3
93
Fire
arm
Fe
lony
or
any
offe
nse
Cla
ss C
cri
me
with
dan
gero
us w
eapo
n or
fir
earm
.
* Th
e st
atut
es u
nifo
rmly
cri
min
aliz
e ow
ning
or
poss
essi
ng sp
ecifi
ed, p
mhi
bite
d w
eapo
ns.
Som
e st
atut
es a
lso
pmhi
bit b
uyin
g, w
ncea
liig
, tra
nspo
rtin
g, c
anyi
ng o
r us
ing
or
inte
ndin
g to
use
such
wea
pons
.
** T
he F
eder
al la
w d
&es
''f
elon
y" a
s a c
rim
e pun
isha
ble
by im
pris
aune
nt fo
r m
ore
than
one
yea
r.
***
The
stat
utes
that
app
ly o
nly
to c
rim
es c
anm
iued
within
spec
ified
tim
e periods
prio
r to
the
new
off
ense
usu
ally
cal
cula
te th
e tim
e fr
om th
e da
te o
f the
ear
lier c
rim
e or
the
da
te o
f re
leas
e fm
n su
perv
isio
n d
ti
ng
from
any
sen
tenc
e im
pose
d fo
r th
e ea
rlia
cri
me,
whi
chev
er is
later.
64
Tab
le 1
0 St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Tabl
e 10
(co
nt.)
Sta
tute
s m
akin
g po
sses
sion
of
a fir
earm
by
a co
nvlc
ted
felo
n a
crim
inal
off
ense
Sta
te
Cita
tion
Pro
hib
ited
w
eap
on
s*
Mar
ylan
d A
rt. 27 Q
445
(c)
Han
dgun
Art
. 27-374, 375
Mac
hine
gun
Min
neso
ta
624.713
Pis
tol
Mis
siss
ippi
97-37-5
Dea
dly
wea
pon
Mis
sour
i 571.070
Con
ceal
able
fir
earm
Mon
tana
45-8-316
Dea
dly
wea
pon
Neb
rask
a 28-1206
Fire
arm
with
bar
rel
unde
r 18"
or b
rass
kn
uckl
es
Nev
ada
202.360
Fire
arm
202.380
Tea
r ga
s bo
mb
or
wea
pon
New
Ham
pshi
re
159:3
Fire
arm
or
dang
erou
s w
eapo
n
New
Jer
sey
2C:39-7
Fir
earm
or
othe
r le
thal
w
eapo
n
New
Mex
ico
30-7-16
Fire
arm
New
Yor
k Pe
n. L
aw Q
265.01
Rif
le o
r sh
otgu
n
Pen.
Law
fj 265.02
Fire
arm
Nor
th C
arol
ina
14-415.1
Han
dgun
or
fire
arm
with
ba
rrel
und
er 18"
or
over
all l
engt
h un
der
26"
or a
ny w
eapo
n of
m
ass
deat
h an
d de
stru
ctio
n
Nor
th D
akot
a 62.1-02-01
Fir
earm
Ohi
o 2923.13
Fire
arm
or
dang
erou
s or
dnan
ce
Okl
ahom
a 21-1283, 84
Con
ceal
able
fir
earm
If pr
evio
usly
co
nvic
ted
of
Cri
me
of v
iole
nce,
w
eapo
n vi
olat
ion
or
drug
vio
lati
on
Cri
me
of v
iole
nce
Cri
me
of v
iole
nce
wit
hin 10
year
s or
dru
g of
fens
e
Fel
ony
Dan
gero
us f
elon
y w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
Any
fel
ony
Any
fel
ony
Any
fel
ony
Felo
ny d
rug
offe
nse
or
othe
r en
umer
ated
se
riou
s fe
loni
es
Any
fel
ony
Enu
mer
ated
ser
ious
of
fens
es o
r dr
ug o
ffen
se
Any
fel
ony
wit
hin 10
year
s
Felo
ny o
r se
riou
s of
fens
e
Felo
ny o
r cl
ass
A
mis
dem
eano
r w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
hu
mer
ated
felo
nies
and
se
riou
s of
fens
es w
ithi
n fi
ve y
ears
Vio
lent
fel
ony
wit
hin
10ye
ars
or a
ny o
ther
fe
lony
or
mis
dem
eano
r in
volv
ing
viol
ence
or
use
of f
irea
rm or
dang
erou
s w
eapo
n w
ithi
i fi
ve y
ears
Vio
lent
fel
ony
or d
rug
offe
nse
Any
fel
ony
Pen
alty
(o
r o
ffen
se l
evel
) M
isde
mea
nor.
Up
to
$5,000
fine
or
thre
e ye
ars,
or
both
Felo
ny.
Up
to 10
year
s
Fel
ony
Felo
ny.
One
to f
ive
year
s
Cla
ss C
fel
ony
$1,000
fine
or
up to
fi
ve y
ears
, or
bot
h
Cla
ss I
V f
elon
y
$5,000
fine
and
one
to
six
year
s
Fel
ony
Cla
ss B
fel
ony
Fou
rth
degr
ee c
rim
e
Mis
dem
eano
r
Cla
ss A
mis
dem
eano
r
Cla
ss D
fel
ony
Cla
ss 1
fel
ony
Cla
ss C
fel
ony
Fou
rth
degr
ee f
elon
y
Fel
ony
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n T
able
10
65
1 I
I I a
ttem
pt
1 I
Tab
le 1
0 St
atut
es R
equi
ring
the
Use
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion
Par
t VI:
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
eco
rd D
atab
ases
At p
rese
nt, e
very
Sta
te h
as a
ce
ntra
l cri
min
al h
isto
ry re
cord
re
posi
tory
that
is c
harg
ed b
y la
w a
nd
impl
emen
ting
regu
latio
ns7
with
the
re
spon
sibi
lity
of m
aint
aini
ng
com
plet
e an
d ac
cura
te in
form
atio
n on
cr
imin
al ju
stic
e tr
ansa
ctio
ns in
the
st
ate
and
mak
ing
such
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e to
cri
min
al ju
stic
e ag
enci
es
in th
e st
ate
as n
eede
d fo
r off
icia
l cr
imin
al ju
stic
e pu
rpos
es (
as w
ell a
s fo
r aut
hori
zed
non-
crim
inal
just
ice
purp
oses
,8 w
hich
are
out
side
of
the
scop
e of
thi
s re
port
). T
rans
actio
ns
typi
cally
repo
rted
to a
nd m
aint
aine
d by
the
repo
sito
ries
incl
ude
arre
sts
for
so-c
alle
d "f
inge
rprin
tabl
e of
fens
es"
(fel
onie
s and
ser
ious
mis
dem
eano
rs);
deci
sion
s by
polic
e of
fici
als t
o re
leas
e ar
rest
ed p
erso
ns w
ithou
t cha
rgin
g th
em; d
wis
ions
by
pros
ecut
ors
not
to
pros
ecut
e ar
rest
ed p
erso
ns; c
harg
es
brou
ght o
r dis
mis
sed
by g
rand
juri
es;
dism
issa
ls, a
cqui
ttals
, con
vict
ions
and
ot
her t
rial a
nd a
ppel
late
cou
rt
disp
ositi
ons;
adm
issi
on to
and
rele
ase
from
loca
l jai
ls, d
eten
tion
cent
ers o
r S
tate
corr
ectio
nal f
acili
ties;
and
adm
issi
on to
and
rele
ase
from
pr
obat
ion
or p
arol
e su
perv
isio
n. I
n
See
U.S
., D
epar
tmen
t of
Jus
tice,
B
urea
u of
Jus
tice
Stat
isti
cs,
Com
pend
ium
of S
tate
Pri
vacy
and
Se
curi
ty L
egis
latio
n, 1
989
Ove
rvie
w,
prep
ared
by
SEA
RC
H G
roup
, Inc
., (W
ashi
ngto
n D
.C.:
Gov
ernm
ent
Prin
ting
Off
ice,
Apr
il 19
90).
See
"A S
tudy
to I
dent
ify C
rim
inal
Ju
stic
e In
form
atio
n L
aw, P
olic
y an
d M
anag
emen
t Pra
ctic
es N
eede
d to
A
ccom
mod
ate A
cces
s to
and
Use
of III
for
Non
crim
inal
Jus
tice
Pur
pose
s,"
unpu
blis
hed
repo
rt p
repa
red
for
the
FBI
by S
EA
RC
H G
roup
, Inc
., Se
ptem
ber
1984
.
addi
tion,
the
repo
sito
ries
mai
ntai
n fi
les
of fi
nger
prin
ts su
bmitt
ed b
y po
lice
agen
cies
topr
ovid
e po
sitiv
e id
entif
icat
ion
of a
ll o
f th
e su
bjec
ts in
th
eir
file
s. L
aw e
nfor
cem
ent a
nd
crim
inal
just
ice
agen
cies
thro
ugho
ut
the
coun
try u
se c
ompu
ter t
erm
inal
s or
ot
her t
elec
omm
unic
atio
ns d
evic
es to
in
quir
e of
thei
r rep
osito
ries
whe
ther
a
reco
rd e
xist
s for
a n
amed
indi
vidu
al.
If a
reco
rd d
oes
exis
t, fu
ll or
sum
mar
y cr
imin
al h
isto
ry i
nfor
mat
ion
can
be
prov
ided
by
the
repo
sito
ry to
the
agen
cy b
y te
rmin
al o
r by
mai
l. C
rim
inal
his
tory
rec
ords
of
pers
ons a
rres
ted
for F
eder
al o
ffen
ses
are
mai
ntai
ned
by t
he F
BI's
Id
entif
icat
ion
Div
isio
n. T
he F
BI a
lso
mai
ntai
ns m
rd
s of
Sta
te o
ffen
ders
co
mpi
led
from
arr
est f
inge
rpri
nt ca
rds
and
cour
t dis
posi
tion
info
rmat
ion
volu
ntar
ily s
ubm
itted
to th
e B
urea
u by
Sta
te an
d lo
cal l
aw e
nfor
cem
ent
agen
cies
thro
ugho
ut th
e co
untr
y.
The
se fi
les,
whi
ch t
o so
me
exte
nt
dupl
icat
e th
e fi
les m
aint
aine
d by
the
S
tate
repo
sito
ries
, are
ava
ilabl
e to
cr
imin
al ju
stic
e ag
enci
es n
atio
nwid
e by
mea
ns o
f tw
o te
leco
mm
unic
atio
ns
netw
orks
: th
e N
atio
nal L
aw
Enf
orce
men
t Tel
ecom
mun
icat
ions
Sy
stem
(NL
ET
S), o
pera
ted
by t
he
part
icip
atin
g S
tate
s, an
d th
e N
atio
nal
Cri
me
Info
rmat
ion
Cen
ter (
NC
IC)
netw
ork
mai
ntai
ned
by t
he F
BI.
The
N
CIC
net
wor
k lin
ks c
rim
inal
just
ice
agen
cies
with
the
Inte
rsta
te
Iden
tific
atio
n In
dex,
a m
aste
r na
me
inde
x of
sub
ject
s w
hose
reco
rds are
mai
ntai
ned
in a
utom
ated
form
by
the
Sta
tes a
nd/o
r th
e FB
I. A
cces
s to
the
FBI's
files
and
to o
ther
Sta
tes'
file
s by
mea
ns o
f th
ese
netw
orks
per
mits
cr
imin
al ju
stic
e ag
enci
es to
det
erm
ine
whe
ther
par
ticul
ar in
divi
dual
s hav
e ot
her S
rate
or F
eder
al re
cord
s, a
nd
prov
ides
a m
eans
of
obta
inin
g su
ch
reco
rds a
s ne
cess
ary.
N
umer
ous
stud
ies,
par
ticul
arly
a
1989
stud
y co
mm
issi
oned
by
the
Atto
rney
Gen
eral
of
the
Uni
ted
stat
es?
have
foun
d th
at th
e ut
ility
of
man
y of
the
se F
eder
al a
nd S
tate
da
taba
ses i
s se
riou
sly
com
prom
ised
fo
r man
y cr
imin
al ju
stic
e pu
rpos
es b
y th
e fa
ct th
at th
ey a
re n
ot a
lway
s ac
cura
te a
nd c
ompl
ete,
nor
ful
ly
auto
mat
ed a
nd th
us n
ot a
lway
s qu
ickl
y ac
cess
ible
. O
nly
10 o
f th
e S
tate
repo
sito
ries
hav
e au
tom
ated
all
of t
heir
crim
inal
his
tory
reco
rds.
10
Mos
t of
the
othe
rs h
ave
auto
mat
ed a
la
rge
port
ion
of t
he re
cord
s of
the
m
ost a
ctiv
e of
fend
ers
in th
eir
file
s;
com
mon
ly th
ose
are
of y
oung
er
offe
nder
s in
thei
r m
ost c
rim
e-pr
one
year
s an
d of
fend
ers w
ho h
ave
been
ar
rest
ed o
r upo
n w
hom
an
inqu
iry h
as
been
rec
eive
d in
rece
nt y
ears
. A
few
S
tate
s hav
e au
tom
ated
few
or n
o
U.S
., D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice,
Tas
k F
orce
on
Fel
on Id
entif
icat
ion
in F
irea
rm
Sale
s, R
epor
t to
the
Atto
rney
Gen
eral
on
Sys
tem
s fo
r Id
entif
ying
Fel
ons
Who
A
ttem
pt t
o P
urch
ase
Fir
earm
s, R
icha
rd
B.
Abe
ll, A
ssis
tant
Att
orne
y G
ener
al,
Off
ice
of J
ustic
e Pr
ogra
ms,
Tas
k Fo
rce
Cha
ir, (
Was
hing
ton
D.C
.: G
over
nmen
t hi
ntin
g O
ffic
e, O
ctob
er 1
989)
(h
erea
fter
Tas
k F
orce
Rep
ort)
.
1°~
rirn
inal
Just
ice
Info
rmat
ion
Pol
icy:
Su
rvey
of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry
Ir#o
rrna
tion
Syst
ems,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e St
atis
tics
, U.S
. D
epar
tmen
t of
Jus
tice,
M
arch
199
1, p
. 11
.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
reco
rds.
Abo
ut h
alf
of t
he c
rim
inal
hi
stor
y re
cord
s in
the
FBI's
file
s are
au
tom
ated
, but
this
incl
udes
all
pers
ons
arre
sted
for t
he f
irst
tim
e fo
r a
fing
erpr
inta
ble
offe
nse
(a f
elon
y or
a
seri
ous m
isde
mea
nor)
aft
er Ju
ly 1
, 19
74."
T
hirt
y-ni
ne o
f th
e S
tate
re
posi
tori
es h
ave
fully
aut
omat
ed
nam
e in
dexe
s to all o
f th
eir c
rim
inal
hi
stor
y re
cord
s, e
ven
thou
gh s
ome
of
the
reco
rds t
hem
selv
es a
re m
aint
aine
d in
man
ual f
orm
. Of
the
rem
aini
ng
stat
es, a
ll ex
cept
Mis
siss
ippi
and
W
est V
irgin
ia h
ave
auto
mat
ed a
t lea
st
a po
rtio
n of
the
ir m
aste
r na
me
inde
xes,
eve
n th
ough
mos
t, or
in
som
e ca
ses
all,
of t
he re
cord
s th
emse
lves
are
man
ual.1
2 T
he F
BI
has
an a
utom
ated
nam
e in
dex
to i
ts
auto
mat
ed c
rim
inal
his
tory
reco
rds
whi
ch is
ava
ilabl
e to
law
enf
orce
men
t ag
enci
es n
atio
nwid
e.13
E
ven
whe
re n
ame
inde
xes
and
full
reco
rds
are
auto
mat
ed, t
he u
se o
f fa
lse
nam
es b
y ar
rest
ed p
erso
ns fr
eque
ntly
ca
uses
aut
omat
ed n
ame
sear
ches
to
fail
to d
isco
ver e
xist
ing
reco
rds o
n su
ch p
erso
ns.
Alth
ough
thes
e pr
ior
reco
rds a
re la
ter d
isco
vere
d in
mos
t ca
ses -
whe
n th
e ar
rest
fing
erpr
int
card
s su
bmitt
ed to
rhe
repo
sito
ries
and
to
the
FBI a
re p
roce
ssed
and
sea
rche
d ag
ains
t mas
ter
fing
erpr
int f
iles -
the
info
rmat
ion
may
not
be
retu
rned
to
arre
stin
g ag
enci
es an
d ot
her c
rim
inal
ju
stic
e ag
enci
es in
tim
e fo
r mak
ing
initi
al b
ail d
ecis
ions
and
det
erm
inin
g w
heth
er a
rres
ted
pers
ons
have
prio
r fe
lony
con
vict
ions
that
aff
ect i
nitia
l ch
argi
ng d
ecis
ions
und
er o
ffen
se-
upgr
ade
law
s and
reci
divi
st se
nten
cing
la
ws.
"u.s
., D
epar
tmen
t of
Jus
tice,
Tas
k F
orce
Rep
ort,
note
9, p
. 9.
12u.
s., D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice,
Sur
vey
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Inf
orm
atio
n S
yste
ms,
not
e 10
.
13u.
s., D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice,
Tas
k F
orce
Rep
ort,
note
9, p
. 8.
By
far t
he m
ost s
erio
us d
efic
ienc
y in
man
y of
the
se d
atab
ases
, how
ever
, is
thei
r la
ck o
f co
mpl
eten
ess.
At
leas
t hal
f of
the
arre
st re
cord
s in
the
FB
I's f
iles d
o no
t sho
w f
inal
di
spos
ition
s, a
nd s
tudi
es h
ave
show
n th
at la
ck o
f di
spos
ition
dat
a is
a
prob
lem
, usu
ally
a s
erio
us p
robl
em,
in a
num
ber
of s
tate
s.14
Fur
ther
, al
thou
gh a
rres
t rep
ortin
g by
law
en
forc
emen
t age
ncie
s is
gen
eral
ly
ackn
owle
dged
to b
e co
nsid
exab
ly
bette
r th
an d
ispo
sitio
n re
port
ing
by
cour
ts a
nd o
ther
cri
min
al ju
stic
e ag
enci
es, s
urve
ys an
d au
dits
hav
e sh
own
that
law
enf
orce
men
t age
ncie
s do
not
sub
mit
fing
erpr
ints
and
arr
est
data
to th
e re
posi
tori
es fo
r all
repo
rtabl
e ar
rest
s and
that
und
er-
repo
rtin
g of
arr
ests
is a
si
nifi
cant
pr
oble
m i
n so
me
stat
es. 1
8 In
mos
t Sta
tes,
the
burd
en o
f se
ekin
g in
crea
sed
arre
st a
nd
disp
ositi
on re
port
ing
by c
rim
inal
ju
stic
e ag
enci
es is
bor
ne p
rinc
ipal
ly
by t
he r
epos
itori
es.
Eve
n th
ough
m
any
Sta
tes h
ave
man
dato
ry
repo
rtin
g la
ws,
mos
t suc
h la
ws
do
not p
rovi
de fo
r sa
nctio
ns, w
hich
, in
any
case
, are
dif
ficu
lt or
impo
ssib
le
to e
nfor
ce.
In t
ryin
g to
per
suad
e cr
imin
al ju
stic
e ag
enci
es to
l4T
ask
For
ce R
epor
t, op
. cit
., n.
9,
pp.
10-1
1. S
ee a
lso
U.S
., D
epar
tmen
t of
Jus
tice,
"St
ate
Cri
min
al R
ecor
d R
epos
itori
es,"
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e St
atis
tics
Tec
hnic
al R
epor
t pr
epar
ed b
y SE
AR
CH
Gro
up, I
nc.,
(Was
hing
ton,
D
.C.:
Gov
ernm
ent P
rint
ing
Off
ice,
O
ctob
er 1
985)
. and
U.S
., D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice,
Sur
vey
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
R
ecor
d Sy
stem
s, n
ote
10.
l5U
.S.,
Dep
artm
ent o
f Ju
stic
e, B
urea
u of
Jus
tice
Stat
istic
s, D
ata
Qua
lity
of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
ds, C
rim
inal
Ju
stic
e In
form
atio
n P
olic
y Se
ries
, pr
epar
ed b
y R
ober
t R. B
elai
r, S
EA
RC
H
Gro
up, I
nc.
(Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.: G
over
nmen
t Pri
ntin
g O
ffic
e, O
ctob
er
1985
)pp.
24-
26; S
ee a
lso
Illin
ois
Cri
min
al J
ustic
e In
form
atio
n A
utho
rity
, "A
udit
of C
hica
go P
olic
e D
epar
tmen
t,"
Aud
it of
Illi
nois
' R
epos
itori
es fo
r C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ord
Info
rmat
ion,
A
nnua
l Aud
it fo
r 19
89, M
arch
15,
19
90, d
raft,
pp.
151
-153
.
volu
ntar
ily in
crea
se re
port
ing
leve
ls,
repo
sito
ry o
ffic
ials
and
oth
ers o
ften
ar
e ha
mpe
red
by t
he fa
ct th
at m
any
agen
cies
cons
ider
the
repo
sito
ry's
reco
rds
to b
e of
lim
ited
use
beca
use
they
are
inco
mpl
ete.
Bec
ause
of
this
pe
rcei
ved
lack
of
utili
ty (
resu
lting
m
ostly
fro
m p
oor r
epor
ting)
, use
r ag
ency
per
sonn
el o
ften
are r
eluc
tant
to
inve
st th
e ad
ditio
nal e
ffor
t ne
cess
ary
to in
crea
se re
port
ing
leve
ls
to th
e po
int t
hat t
he re
cord
s bec
ome
mor
e cl
earl
y va
luab
le.
Sinc
e law
enf
orce
men
t age
ncie
s ar
e th
e he
avie
st u
sers
of
crim
inal
his
tory
re
cord
s an
d ar
e m
ore
apt t
o be
aw
are
of t
heir
val
ue, e
ffor
ts to
rai
se a
rres
t re
port
ing
leve
ls g
ener
ally
hav
e be
en
mor
e su
cces
sful
than
eff
orts
to
incr
ease
dis
posi
tion
repo
rtin
g by
pr
osec
utor
s, c
ourt
s and
cor
rect
iona
l in
stitu
tions
. E
ven
thou
gh c
ourt
s de
pend
hea
vily
upo
n cr
imin
al h
isto
ry
info
rmat
ion
for b
ails
ettin
g an
d se
nten
cing
pur
pose
s, a
s dem
onst
rate
d by
the
sta
tute
s cite
d in
thi
s re
port
, the
in
form
atio
n us
ually
is
com
pile
d by
ot
her a
genc
ies,
such
as
bail,
pr
obat
ion
or c
orre
ctio
ns ag
enci
es, a
nd
mad
e av
aila
ble
to th
e co
urts
in b
ail
reco
mm
enda
tion
repo
rts a
nd
pres
ente
nce r
epor
ts.
The
ex
traor
dina
ry a
mou
nt o
f tim
e an
d ef
fort
exp
ende
d by
tho
se a
genc
ies i
n co
ntac
ting
othe
r age
ncie
s to
obt
ain
mis
sing
info
rmat
ion
and
to v
erif
y in
form
atio
n th
at a
ppea
rs to
be
erro
neou
s or
inco
nsis
tent
may
not
be
reco
gniz
ed b
y th
e ul
timat
e us
ers
of
the
info
rmat
ion.
Con
sequ
ently
, it i
s of
ten
diff
icul
t to
obta
in a
co
mm
itmen
t for
the
addi
tiona
l tim
e an
d ef
fort
nec
essa
ry to
impr
ove
disp
ositi
on re
port
ing
whi
ch c
an p
ay
divi
dend
s in
the
long
run.
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
Alth
ough
inco
mpl
eten
ess
is u
n-qu
estio
nabl
y th
e m
ost s
erio
us d
ata
,
qual
ity p
robl
em a
ffec
ting
crim
inal
hi
stor
y da
taba
ses,
inac
cura
cy is
als
o a
prob
lem
in m
any
juris
dict
ions
.16
Info
rmat
ion
that
is in
accu
rate
or a
m-
bigu
ous can
adve
rsel
y af
fect
crim
inal
ju
stic
e de
cisi
onm
akin
g as
sure
ly a
s ca
n m
issi
ng in
form
atio
n. S
tudi
es an
d au
dits
hav
e sh
own
that
err
or le
vels
can
be re
duce
d by
aut
omat
ing
repo
rt-
ing
and
data
ent
ry processes,
sinc
e au
- to
mat
ed s
yste
ms c
an u
se a
bro
ad
rang
e of
edi
t and
val
idat
ion
prog
ram
s th
at p
reve
nt th
e en
try o
f in
cons
iste
nt
or a
ppar
ently
erro
neou
s inf
orm
a-
tion.
17 A
utom
atin
g re
porti
ng p
ro-
cess
es a
lso
has
been
sho
wn
to s
igni
f-
ican
tly in
crea
se th
e in
cide
nce a
s w
ell
as th
e ac
cura
cy o
f dis
posi
tion
repo
rt-
ing
by c
ourts
.18
In a
dditi
on, t
he a
c-
cura
cy a
nd c
larit
y of
crim
inal
his
tory
re
cord
s can
be in
crea
sed
by u
sing
uniq
ue tr
acki
ng n
umbe
rs a
nd o
ther
da
ta-li
nkin
g te
chni
ques
to e
nsur
e th
at
disp
ositi
on in
form
atio
n is
link
ed to
th
e pr
oper
cas
e cyc
les a
nd m
atch
ed to
th
e co
rrec
t cha
rges
.
l6U
.S.,
Dep
artm
ent o
f Ju
stic
e, D
ata
Qua
lity
of C
rim
inal
His
tory
Rec
ords
, no
te 9
, pp.
27-
29.
Ibid
., p.
62.
l8SE
AR
CH
Gro
up, I
nc.,
"Aud
it of
the
Com
plet
enes
s an
d A
ccur
acy
of C
rim
inal
H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n M
aint
aine
d by
the
Mar
ylan
d C
rim
inal
Jus
tice
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em,"
Feb
. 9,
1990
, pp.
X
-11-
17.
The
se an
d ot
her d
ata
qual
ity
stra
tegi
es th
at h
ave
been
dem
onst
rate
d to
be
effe
ctiv
e are
des
crib
ed in
oth
er
publ
icat
ions
.19
It is
not
the
purp
ose
of t
his
repo
rt to
des
crib
e th
em in
any
de
tail,
but
mer
ely
to n
ote
that
nu
mer
ous s
tate
s hav
e de
mon
stra
ted
that
dat
a qu
ality
leve
ls c
an b
e si
gnifi
cant
ly im
prov
ed if
1) t
he w
ill
to d
o so
can
be in
still
ed in
the
agen
cies
that
mus
t rep
ort i
nfor
mat
ion
to th
e re
posi
torie
s and
2) i
f nee
ded
equi
pmen
t and
oth
er re
sour
ces a
re
mad
e av
aila
ble.
If
that
occ
urs,
the
exis
ting
inte
rdep
ende
nt cr
imin
al
hisu
ny d
atab
ases
and
the
tele
com
mun
icat
ions
netw
orks
that
lin
k th
em t
o cr
imin
al ju
stic
e pr
actit
ione
rs can
prov
ide
the
info
rmat
ion
nece
ssar
y to
fully
im
plem
ent t
he c
rime
cont
rol
stra
tegi
es re
flect
ed in
the
hund
reds
of
Fede
ral a
nd S
tate
stat
utes
com
pile
d in
th
is re
port.
In
the
mea
ntim
e, th
e la
ck
of c
ompl
ete,
accu
rate
and
timel
y cr
imin
al h
isto
ry re
cord
dat
a se
rious
ly
un&
rmin
es t
he e
ffec
tive e
nfor
cem
ent
of m
any
of t
hese
sta
tute
s.
l9 S
ee U
.S.,
Dep
artm
ent o
f Ju
stic
e,
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e St
atis
tics,
Stra
tegi
es
for
Impr
ovin
g D
ata
Qua
lity,
Cri
min
al
Just
ice
Info
rmat
ion
Pol
icy
Seri
es,
prep
ared
by
Paul
Woo
dard
for
SEA
RC
H
Gro
up, I
nc.,
(Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.: G
over
nmen
t Pr
intin
g O
ffic
e, A
pril
1989
)and
U.S
., D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice,
B
urea
u of
Jus
tice
Stat
istic
s, D
ata
Qua
lity P
olic
ies
and
Pro
cedu
res,
P
roce
edin
gs o
f a
BJSI
SEAR
CH
Con
fere
nce,
(Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.: G
over
nmen
t Pri
ntin
g O
ffic
e, N
ovem
ber
1986
).
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se of
Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
AP
PE
ND
IX
Uni
ted
Stat
es C
ode
Ann
otat
ed
Cod
e of
Ala
bam
a A
lask
a St
atut
es
Ari
zona
Rev
ised
Sta
tute
s Ann
otat
ed
Ark
ansa
s Sta
tute
s Ann
otat
ed
Dee
ring
's A
nnot
ated
Cal
ifor
nia
Cod
e C
olor
ado
Rev
ised
Sta
tute
s C
onne
ctic
ut G
ener
al S
tatu
tes A
nnot
ated
(Wes
t)
Del
awar
e C
ode
Ann
otat
ed
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a Cod
e A
nnot
ated
(198
1)
Flor
ida
Stat
utes
Ann
otat
ed-(
Wes
t)
Off
icia
l Cod
e of
Geo
rgia
Ann
otat
ed (
Mic
hie)
H
awai
i Rev
ised
Sta
tute
s Id
aho
Cod
e Il
linoi
s Ann
otat
ed S
tatu
tes (
Smith
-Hur
d)
Indi
ana
Stat
utes
Ann
otat
ed C
ode
Edi
tion
(Bum
s)
Iow
a C
ode
Ann
otat
ed (W
est)
K
ansa
s St
atut
es A
nnot
ated
K
entu
cky
Rev
ised
Sta
tute
s and
Rul
es S
ervi
ce (B
aldw
in)
Lou
isia
na R
evis
ed S
tatu
tes A
nnot
ated
(Wes
t)
Mai
ne R
evis
ed S
tatu
tes A
nnot
ated
A
nnot
ated
Cod
e of
Mar
ylan
d M
assa
chus
etts
Gen
eral
Law
s Ann
otat
ed (
Wes
t) M
ichi
gan
Com
pile
d L
aws
Ann
otat
ed (W
est)
M
inne
sota
Sta
tute
s Ann
otat
ed (W
est)
M
issi
ssip
pi C
ode
Ann
otat
ed
Ver
non'
s A
nnot
ated
Mis
sour
i Sta
tute
s
Mon
tana
Cod
e A
nnot
ated
R
evis
ed S
tatu
tes o
f Neb
rask
a N
evad
a R
evis
ed S
tatu
tes
New
Ham
pshi
re R
evis
ed S
tatu
tes A
nnot
ated
N
ew J
erse
y St
atut
es A
nnot
ated
N
ew M
exic
o St
atut
es A
nnot
ated
M
cKin
ney'
s C
onso
lidat
ed L
aws o
f New
Yor
k A
nnot
ated
G
ener
al S
tatu
tes o
f Nor
th C
arol
ina
Nor
th D
akot
a C
entu
ry C
ode
Ohi
o R
evis
ed C
ode
Ann
otat
ed
Okl
ahom
a Sta
tute
s Ann
otat
ed (W
est)
O
rego
n R
evis
ed S
tatu
tes
hudo
n's
Penn
sylv
ania
Sta
tute
s Ann
otat
ed
her
to R
ico
Law
s Ann
otat
ed
Gen
eral
Law
s of R
hode
Isla
nd
Cod
e of
Law
s of
Sou
th C
arol
ina
1976
So
uth
Dak
ota
Cod
ifie
d L
aws A
nnot
ated
T
enne
ssee
Cod
e A
nnot
ated
T
exas
Cod
es A
nnot
ated
(Ver
non)
U
tah
Cod
e A
nnot
ated
V
erm
ont S
tatu
tes A
nnot
ated
C
ode
of V
irgi
nia
Ann
otat
ed
Virg
in Is
land
s Cod
e A
nnot
ated
R
evis
ed C
ode
of W
ashi
ngto
n A
nnot
ated
W
est V
irgi
nia
Cod
e W
isco
nsin
Sta
tute
s Ann
otat
ed (W
est)
W
yom
ing
Stat
utes
Stat
utes
Req
uiri
ng th
e U
se o
f Cri
min
al H
isto
ry R
ecor
d In
form
atio
n
- -- - - -
Ple
ase
pu
t me
on
the
ma
ilin
g li
st fo
r-
Wh
ite-c
olla
r cr
ime-
data
on
the
0L
aw
en
forc
em
en
t re
port
s-na
tiona
l pr
oces
sing
of
Fed
eral
whi
te-c
olla
r
data
on
Sta
te a
nd lo
cal p
olic
e an
d cr
ime
case
s
sher
iffs'
dep
artm
ents
: ope
ratio
ns,
Priv
acy
an
d s
ecu
rity
of
crim
ina
l
equi
pmen
t, pe
rson
nel,
sala
ries,
h
isto
ry in
form
ati
on
an
d in
form
ati
on
spen
ding
, pol
icie
s, p
rogr
ams
polic
y-ne
w
legi
slat
ion;
mai
ntai
ning
Fe
de
ral s
tatis
tics-
data
de
scrib
ing
and
rele
asin
g in
telli
genc
e an
d in
ves-
Fed
eral
cas
e pr
oces
sing
, fro
m in
ves-
tig
ativ
e re
cord
s; d
ata
qual
ity
tigat
ion
thro
ugh
pros
ecut
ion,
is
sues
adju
dica
tion,
and
cor
rect
ions
Ju
ven
ile c
orr
ect
ion
s re
po
rts-
Dru
gs
an
d c
rim
e d
ata-
sent
enci
ng
juve
nile
s in
cus
tody
in p
ublic
and
and
time
serv
ed b
y dr
ug o
ffend
ers,
pr
ivat
e de
tent
ion
and
corr
ectio
nal
drug
use
at t
ime
of c
rime
by ja
il fa
cilit
ies
inm
ates
and
Sta
te p
rison
ers,
and
B
JS b
ulle
tins
an
d s
pe
cia
l rep
orts
-
othe
r qua
lity
data
on
drug
s, c
rime,
tim
ely
repo
rts
of t
he m
ost c
urre
nt
and
law
enf
orce
men
t ju
stic
e da
ta
D J
ust
ice
exp
en
ditu
re a
nd
em
plo
yme
nt
Pro
secu
tion
an
d a
dju
dic
atio
n i
n
repo
rts-
annu
al
spen
ding
and
S
tate
cou
rts-
-cas
e pr
oces
sing
from
staf
fing
by F
eder
al/S
tate
/loca
l pr
osec
utio
n th
roug
h co
urt d
ispo
si-
gove
rnm
ents
and
by
func
tion
tion,
Sta
te fe
lony
law
s, fe
lony
(pol
ice,
cou
rts,
etc
.) se
nten
cing
, crim
inal
def
ense
To
be
ad
de
d to
any
BJS
N
am
e:
ma
ilin
g li
st,
ple
ase
copy
Titl
e:
or c
ut
ou
t th
is p
age,
fill
in, f
old
, sta
mp, a
nd
ma
il O
rga
niz
ati
on
:
to th
e J
ust
ice
Sta
tistic
s C
lea
rin
ghouse
INC
JRS
. S
tre
et
or
bo
x:
You
will
rece
ive a
n a
nn
ua
l re
ne
wa
l card
. If
you d
o n
ot
City
, S
tate
, Zip
: re
turn
it, w
e m
ust d
rop
yo
u
fro
m th
e m
aili
ng li
st.
Day
time
ph
on
e n
um
be
r:
Cri
min
al j
ust
ice
in
tere
st:
( )
To
ord
er
cop
ies
of r
ece
nt
BJS
report
s,ch
eck
he
re
an
d c
ircl
e it
em
s yo
u w
ant
to r
e~
eiv
e on
oth
er
side
Pu
t yo
ur
org
an
iza
tio
n
an
d ti
tle
he
re if
yo
u
us
ed
ho
me
ad
dre
ss a
bo
ve:
of t
his
sheet.
----------
FO
LC).
SE
AL
WIT
H T
AP
E. A
ND
ST
AM
P-
U.S
. D
ep
art
me
nt o
f Ju
stic
e
Offi
ce o
f Ju
stic
e P
rogr
ams
Bur
eau
of J
ustic
e S
tatis
tics
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 205
31
Co
rre
ctio
ns
repo
rts-
resu
lts
of
sam
ple
surv
eys
and
cens
uses
of j
ails
, pr
ison
s, p
arol
e, p
roba
tion,
an
d o
ther
co
rrec
tions
dat
a N
atio
na
l Cri
me
Sur
vey
repo
rts-
the
only
reg
ular
nat
iona
l sur
vey
of
crim
e vi
ctim
s S
ou
rce
bo
ok
of C
rim
ina
l Ju
stic
e
Sta
tistic
s (a
nnua
l)-br
oad-
base
d da
ta fr
om 1
50
+ s
ourc
es (4
00
+ t
able
s,
1 00+
fig
ures
, sub
ject
inde
x,
anno
tate
d bi
blio
grap
hy, a
ddre
sses
of
sou
rces
) S
end
me
a fo
rm to
sig
n u
p fo
r N
~J
R
ep
ort
s (f
ree
6 ti
mes
a y
ear)
, whi
ch
abst
ract
s bo
th p
rivat
e a
nd
go
vern
men
t crim
inal
just
ice
publ
icat
ions
and
list
s up
com
ing
conf
eren
ces
and
trai
ning
ses
sion
s in
the
field
.
--
'----
Pla
ce
1st-
clas
s
stam
p
Just
ice
Sta
tistic
s C
lear
ingh
ouse
INC
JRS
U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of
Just
ice
Box
60
00
R
ockv
ille,
MD
208
50
