Station A (9-square Vocacbulary)• Mitosis = division of a cell’s nucleus• Stem Cell = an undifferentiated cell; can become any type of cell• Point Mutation = involves a change in a single nucleotide• Gene Expression = turning a section of genetic information into a useful

product• Transcription = the process of transferring information from DNA to

mRNA• Translation = the process of decoding an mRNA message into a protein• Codon = three consecutive mRNA bases• Differentiation = specializing of a cell’s function• Frameshift Mutation = involves a change that affects the entire amino

acid sequence• Cell Cycle = series of events that a cell goes through to grow and divide• Polypeptide = a polymer of amino acids

Station B (Reading Questions)1. In 1917 the biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted studies in which he kept some

caterpillars in the dark and placed others under red, green, or blue lights. Exposure to red light produced butterflies with brightly colored wings. Exposure to green light resulted in dark-colored wings. Exposure to blue light or no light resulted in pale-colored wings. What was the mostly likely conclusion of Morgan’s research?

c. The genes regulating wing color in butterflies are influenced by environmental factors.

2. Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. The hemoglobin molecules produced by some people have one specific amino acid that is different from the amino acid at that position in normal hemoglobin. Which is the most likely cause?

a. the hemoglobin gene contains a mutation3. The mold Aspergillus flavus grows on grain. A. flavus produces a toxin that binds to

DNA in the bodies of animals that eat the grain. The binding of the toxin to DNA blocks the processes of transcription, so it directly interferes with the animal’s ability to do which of the following?

d. send mRNA from the nucleus to the ribosomes

Station C (QUIZ)1. Which of the following statements about mutations is false?

c. All mutations affect the final protein sequence.2. Which of the following correctly puts the phases of mitosis

in order?b. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

3. Which organelles are involved in protein synthesis?b. nucleus & ribosomes

4. Transcribe the following DNA sequence: TAC CATc. AUG GUA

5. Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?

d. only DNA is a nucleic acid

Station C (QUIZ) - continued6. What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

d. nucleotide7. A cell spends the majority of its life in which phase of

the cell cycle?c. interphase

8. Enzymes are highly specific, which means - c. they can react with one type of substrate

9. What are stem cells?b. undifferentiated cells

10.According to the Amoeba Sisters Mitosis video, uncontrolled cell division leads to what disease?cancer

Cells

DNA

gene expression

Mutations

go through

contain

copies itself during

small sections are during

synthesis

includes

chromosomes

visible followed

by

can happen during

gives

instructions

to mRNA in

read one at a time during

leads to

making cell

specialized is

followed by

chromosomes

line up

chro

mos

omes

m

ove

away

two nuclei

prep

are

to di

vide

grow

genes

differentiation

translation

transcription

replication

G1 phase

S phase

G2 phase

prophase

metaphase

anaphase telophase

cytokinesis

mitosis

interphase

Cell cycle