Static Structural Analysis Using Sap2000 for Truss and Frame (Beginner Level)

STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS USING SAP2000 for TRUSS & FRAME

(Beginner Level)

This tutorial belongs to:

______________________

I k a t a n M a h a s i s w a S i p i l November 2011

Universitas Indonesia

Written by Gregory Foranda Saragih | @gregoryfst

SAP2000 v14.1 were used to prepare this tutorial Dont hesistate to critize anything inside (particularlly the bad english used), for the greater good

StaticStructuralAnalysisUsingSAP2000forTrussandFrame (BeginnerLevel)

Written by Gregory Foranda Saragih

November 2011, Ikatan Mahasiswa Sipil

PROBLEM: TRUSS STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS USING SAP2000

for TRUSS & FRAME

StaticStructuralAnalysisUsingSAP2000forTrussandFrame



Problem: TRUSS

Structure Specification: Steel Section W10x12 Esteel = 200.000 Mpa Self Weight does not considered as load Perform Static Analysis using SAP2000 to determine:

- Joint Reaction VA, HA, VB- Members Axial Forces - Displacement and Rotation at C, D, and E

5 essential steps to perform static structural analysis of truss (2D) problem

forTrussandFrame (BeginnerLevel)


Self Weight does not considered as load

Perform Static Analysis using SAP2000 to determine: Joint Reaction VA, HA, VB

and Rotation at C, D, and E






Part 1: STRUCTURAL DETAILS File New Model Set the Base unit to be used (N, m, C)

Choose 2D Trusses Ignore the 2D Truss Type (or particularly for this problem, choose Sloped Truss) Ignore the Restraints checkbox Ignore the Truss Dimensions Ignore the Section Properties Check the Use Custom Grid Spacing and Locate Origin

Edit Grid




Define Grid System Data

OK (probably twice)

SAP2000 will show the defined model, with structural members automatically added (connecting joint to joint).

Members of the truss can be added by drawing the elements; connecting joint to joint. [ Draw Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon ]

---end of Part 1 (Structural Details)




Part 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS Select the joint (where the restraint shall be added) Assign Joint Restraints

The use of Fast Restraints is suggested because its more familiar . Assign all joint with the desired boundary conditions.

---end of Part 2 (Boundary Conditions)




Part 3: SECTION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Define the materials first, and then define the sections of the structure to be analyzed.

Material : Steel, E = 200.000 MPa Section : W10x12

Materials Define Materials Add New Material




Sections

W10x12

tw = 0.19 inches tf = 0.21 inches bf = 3.96 inches d = 9.87 inches this section properties is gathered from internet unknown resource, so it doubtly represents the actual W10x12 section properties.

Change the base unit to British Standard (lb, in, F) Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property

W10x12 is a type of steel wide flange section. Choose Steel for the Frame Section Property Type Choose I / Wide Flange




Adjust the section dimensions as W10x12 profile, and choose the defined steel as the

material.

Make sure that the mass and weight value is 1 in the Frame Property/Stiffness Modification Factors; So the frame section will contribute its stiffness in resisting loads on the structure (to be assigned).




Select all the members of the truss Assign Frame Frame Sections Select the frame section to be assigned on the members selected

---end of Part 3 (Section and Material Properties)




Part 4: LOADING

Change the base unit to N, m, C

Define Load Patterns Modify the Self Weight Modifier value to 0 (zero)

So the load to be assigned to the structure

Select the joint to be assigned with joint load Assign Joint Loads Forces Adjust the joint forces as the problem



the base unit to N, m, C

Modify the Self Weight Modifier value to 0 (zero) So the load to be assigned to the structure will not count the structures self weight as load.

Select the joint to be assigned with joint load

Forces Adjust the joint forces as the problem

count the structures self weight as load.




---end of Part 4 (Loading)




Part 5: ANALYSIS

SIMPLIFICATION OF A 2D TRUSS STRUCTURE MODEL

Only top and bottom beams assumed able to resist shear and moment forces So the diagonal members assumed only able to resist axial forces no stiffness for shear and moment forces Select the diagonal members Assign Frame Property Modifiers




Reduce the DOFs to be analyzed so the analysis process more efficient (uncheck the unecessary DOFs.

Analyze Set Analysis Options

Analyze Set Load Cases to Run

Modal Case wont be necessary.

RUN

---end of Part 5 (Analysis)




RESULTS Joint Forces Display Forces/Stresses Joints

Member Axial Forces Display Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables




Displacement and Rotation at Joints Display Show Deformed Shape




PROBLEM: FRAME STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS USING SAP2000

for TRUSS & FRAME




Problem: FRAME (Statically Indeterminate)

Structure Specification: Concrete Section 70x40cm Econcrete = 27.000 Mpa Self Weight does not considered as load Perform Static Analysis using

- Joint Reaction at A and D- Shear and Moment Diagram- Displacement and Rotation




FRAME (Statically Indeterminate)

Self Weight does not considered as load

Perform Static Analysis using SAP2000 to determine: at A and D

Shear and Moment Diagram Displacement and Rotation at E






Part 1: STRUCTURAL DETAILS File New Model Set the Base unit to be used (N, m, C)

Choose Beam Ignore the Restraints checkbox Ignore the Beam Dimensions Ignore the Section Properties Check the Use Custom Grid Spacing and Locate Origin

Edit Grid




Define Grid System Data

OK (probably twice)

SAP2000 will show the defined model, with structural members automatically added (connecting joint to joint).

Erase all the automatically added structural members.




Draw Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon

---end of Part 1 (Structural Details)




Part 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS Select the joint (where the restraint shall be added) Assign Joint Restraints

The use of Fast Restraints is suggested because its more familiar . Assign all joint with the desired boundary conditions.

---end of Part 2 (Boundary Conditions)




Part 3: SECTION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Define the materials first, and then define the sections of the structure to be analyzed.

Material : Concrete, E = 27.000 MPa Section : 70x40cm

Materials Define Materials Add New Material




Sections

Define Section Properties

Concrete 70x40cm is a type of Choose Concrete for the Frame Section Property TypeChoose Rectangular



Concrete 70x40cm

Frame Sections Add New Property

is a type of concrete rectangular section. the Frame Section Property Type




Adjust the section dimensions as 70x40cm profile, and choose the defined concrete as the

material.

Make sure that the mass and weight value is 1 in the Frame Property/Stiffness Modification Factors; So the frame section will contribute its stiffness in resisting loads on the structure (to be assigned).




Select all the members of the frame Assign Frame Frame Sections Select the frame section to be assigned on the members selected

---end of Part 3 (Section and Material Properties)




Part 4: LOADING

Define Load Patterns Modify the Self Weight Modifier value to 0 (zero)

So the load to be assigned to the structure

Frame Distributed Load Select the frame to be assigned with joint loadAssign Frame Loads DistributedAdjust the frame distributed loads as the problem



Modify the Self Weight Modifier value to 0 (zero) So the load to be assigned to the structure will not count the structures self weight as load.

to be assigned with joint load Distributed

Adjust the frame distributed loads as the problem

count the structures self weight as load.




Joint Load

SLOPE JOINT LOAD, USING LOCAL AXES

To assign a slope joint load, the local axes of the joint where the load shall be assigned must be defined. Select the joint Assign Joint Local Axes Adjust the appropriate axis to rotate the joint axes.

Assign joint load using Local Coordinate System. Assign Joint Loads Forces




---end of Part 4 (Loading)




Part 5: ANALYSIS

Reduce the DOFs to be analyzed so the analysis process more efficient (uncheck the unecessary DOFs.

Analyze Set Analysis Options

Analyze Set Load Cases to Run

Modal Case wont be necessary.

RUN

---end of Part 5 (Analysis)




RESULTS

Joint Forces Display Forces/Stresses Joints




Shear and Moment Diagram Display Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables

Shear Diagram

Moment Diagram




Displacement and Rotation at Joints Display Show Deformed Shape




Structural Analysis Program is a great engineer with a terrible sense of engineering. -2010

Static Structural Analysis Using Sap2000 for Truss and Frame (Beginner Level)

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