September 22, 2017

States of Matter:A Physical Property

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States of MatterAs mentioned before, we will study three different "states," or forms, of

matter in this unit:

Solid Liquid Gas

When you identify a substance as a solid, liquid or a gas, you are identifying one of its physical properties.

Solids have definite shape and definite volume. This means that a solid will not freely change what it looks like.

Look around the classroom and identify several objects that meet this criteria. Do those objects have a definite shape

and a definite volume?

Solids

The pencils to the left are solids. If left alone, they will maintain this

shape and size.

September 22, 2017

Look around the classroom and identify ten objects that meet this criteria and write them down here. This should be an easy task.

Solids

Do those objects have a definite shape and a definite volume?

The particles of a solid are strongly attracted to each other.

Solids will keep their shape because of this strong attraction.

The particles don't move past each other, but vibrate.

There are two types of solids: crystalline and amorphous .

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Solids

The particles that make up crystalline solids are in a regular repeating pattern.

Crystalline solids have a distinct melting point.

Quartz Basic crystal shapes

Crystalline Solids

September 22, 2017

The particles of amorphous solids are NOT arranged in a regular pattern.

Amorphous solids do NOT have a distinct melting point (we will discuss melting point later in this unit).

Amorphous solids

plickers

The particles of a liquid are attracted to each other, but move more freely than the particles of a solid. Because of this, they are also referred

to as fluids .

Unlike in a solid, the particles of a liquid are able to move past

one another.

Liquids

September 22, 2017

Because the particles move freely around, a liquid has no definite shape.

A liquid has a definite volume but NOT a definite shape.

Characteristics of a Liquid

The particles that make up a liquid have more energy than the particles in a solid. This causes them to move around quicker and keeps them

from maintaining a definite shape.

This concept can be confusing so we will look at an example:

First, a student fills this bottle with water.

Then, the student then takes this bottle and pours all of the water into an empty pot.

In both situations, you have the same amount of water. However, because the bottle and the pot have different shapes, the shape of the

water is now different .

Liquids Further Explained

Plickers

September 22, 2017

When a substance is in the form of a gas, its particles are moving very quickly - more

quickly than a solid or a liquid. Gas particles have more energy than solids and liquids.

Because of this, a gas changes its volume very easily.

As gas particles move, they will fill all of the space available to them, no matter how much space the gas took up before.

Gases have no definite shape and no definite volume .

Gases

An object that has the ability to flow freely.

Just like a liquid, the gas that fills the balloon is called a fluid.

What is a fluid? Come up with a definition with your partner.

Gases

Move this box for the answer.

Plickers

September 22, 2017

Activity: States of Matter

"Watch different types of molecules form a solid, liquid, or gas. Add or remove heat and watch the phase change!"

Click the picture above to access the web activity.