Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Europe state of the art and current approachesstate of the art and current approaches

Brian ShipmanBrian Shipman

ICZM…ICZM…

About 30 years old

Primarily a response to rapid post-war coastal development and tourism…

But new pressures and issuesBut new pressures and issues

ICZMICZM…?an integrated or joined-up approachintegrated or joined-up approach towards

the many different interests

harmonisesharmonises the different policies and decision-making structures

brings together coastal stakeholders, for concerted actionconcerted action towards common goals

Integrates different activities to look at the coast look at the coast

in a holistic wayin a holistic way.

ICZMICZM…?

Horizontal integrationHorizontal integration – between sectors and across borders

Vertical integrationVertical integration between levels of government: state/region/local

a social contract

ICZMICZM…?

a social contract to achieve the optimal solution for the coast

No single “ICZMICZM Solution”

Applies to any geographic scale

ICZMICZM… the European Perspective

Communic

ation 1. A Broad "Holistic" Perspective

2.2. A Long Term PerspectiveA Long Term Perspective3. Adaptive Management 4.4. Local SpecificityLocal Specificity5. Working with Natural Processes6.6. Participatory PlanningParticipatory Planning7. Support & Involvement of all Relevant

Administrative Bodies8.8. Use of a Combination of InstrumentsUse of a Combination of Instruments

2001

ICZMICZM… the European Perspective

Communic

ation

Recommen

dation

Undertake a national national inventoryinventory of legislation, institutions and actors involved in the planning and management of the coastal zone

to develop a national national strategystrategy to promote ICZM

……by 2006by 2006

ICZMICZM… the European Perspective

Communic

ation

Recommen

dation

Progress?

“…“…very little”very little”

Issues…Issues…

New technologies

New technologies – the future is development-led

Exploitation

“…slowly cruising around the world, hugging the shoreline, and completing one revolution every 3 years.”

Exploitation

“…slowly cruising around the world, hugging the shoreline, and completing one revolution every 3 years.”

Risk - natural

-100 million tonnes of -100 million tonnes of sediment per annumsediment per annum

Risk - natural

Protect? Accommodate?Accommodate?

Retreat?

Risk - natural

Earthquakes in Europe and adjoining areas

(1964–2001)

Messina Tsunami 1908: which cost approximately 10 thousand lives

Risks - human

Oil spills in European regional seas (2000–2004)

Risks - human

Dungeness B Nuclear power station, UK

Development and changing land use

Development and changing land use

Land cover change within the 10 km coastal zone of 17 of European countries

(1990–2000)

Barriers to ICZMICZM

National Governments

Marine Agencies

Marine Sectoral interests

BINGOs

Local Government

Regional Agencies

Communities

New

Fro

ntie

r?

Governance rigiditiesGovernance rigidities –the new coastal squeeze

Barriers to ICZMICZM

ICZMICZM

Barriers to ICZMICZM

Local Government

Regional Agencies

Communities

National Governments

Marine Agencies

Marine Sectoral interests

BINGOs

Governance rigiditiesGovernance rigidities –the new coastal squeeze

Sectoral inflexibilitySectoral inflexibility

““Project” time scalesProject” time scales

No legal duty or resourcesNo legal duty or resources

Barriers to ICZMICZM

ICZMICZM – the way forward

CORNWALL , UK

Integrated Beach Integrated Beach ManagementManagement

5 million visitors 5 million visitors per annumper annum

€€2 billion2 billion

ICZMICZM – the way forward

CORNWALL , UK

Integrated Beach Integrated Beach ManagementManagement

ICZMICZM – the way forward

Share experienceShare experience

eg: spatial planning (Germany), CAMPs (PAP/RAC, Slovenia), GRDP (Marche)

across INTERREG programmes

ICZMICZM – the way forward

Be clear about what you are trying to achieveBe clear about what you are trying to achieve

SMART targets

Five steps….

ICZMICZM – the way forward

1.1. Visualise itVisualise it – “Mediterranean slope of tomorrow”, communicate a shared vision,

scenario planning “what if?” Lead but Lead but don’t directdon’t direct

ICZMICZM – the way forward

2.2. Measure itMeasure it – learn from the discipline of SEA methodologies, but keep it simple!

ICZMICZM – the way forward

3.3. Achieve itAchieve it – “nothing succeeds like success”, small, easy projects to engage

stakeholders..

ICZMICZM – the way forward

4.4. Mainstream itMainstream it – link securely to mainstream agendas: Lisbon &

Gothenburg, Cohesion, Water Framework Directive etc.

ICZMICZM – the way forward

5.5. Secure itSecure it – provide a strong spatial planning framework on land and sea

ICZMICZM – the way forward

1.1. Visualise itVisualise it – “Mediterranean slope of tomorrow”, communicate a shared vision, scenario planning “what if?” Lead but don’t directLead but don’t direct

2.2. Measure itMeasure it – learn from the discipline of SEA methodologies, but keep it simple!

3.3. Achieve itAchieve it – “nothing succeeds like success”, small, easy projects to engage stakeholders..

4.4. Mainstream itMainstream it – link securely to mainstream agendas: Lisbon &

Gothenburg, Cohesion, Water Framework Directive etc.

5.5. Secure itSecure it – provide a strong spatial planning framework on land and sea

ICZMICZM – the way forward

Thank YouBrian ShipmanBrian Shipman

bshipman@cornwall.gov.uk